CN112474715A - Method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using copper ore dressing tailings2O3Method for shaping iron concentrate powder - Google Patents
Method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using copper ore dressing tailings2O3Method for shaping iron concentrate powder Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/001—Extraction of waste gases, collection of fumes and hoods used therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
- F27D7/06—Forming or maintaining special atmospheres or vacuum within heating chambers
Abstract
The invention provides a method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using copper ore dressing tailings2O3A method for molding iron concentrate powder. The copper ore dressing tailings may comprise dressing tailings of a bulk sulphide copper ore, and the method may comprise the steps of: pretreating the copper ore dressing tailings to obtain copper tailing powder; calcining the copper tailing powder in a gradual heating mode in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to obtain the powder containing gamma-Fe2O3The calcined slag of (3); magnetic separation is carried out on the calcined slag to obtain gamma-Fe2O3And (4) molding iron fine powder. The beneficial effects of the invention can include: short process flow, no need of adding additional chemical auxiliary agent in the preparation process, and small environmental hazard(ii) a The method can realize the simultaneous high-efficiency separation of sulfur and iron components in the copper ore dressing tailings; recovered tail gas is treated with SO3Mainly, can completely meet the requirement of preparing the sulfuric acid industrially. Fe in calcined slag2O3High recovery rate, Fe in the obtained iron concentrate2O3The content is high; the residual slag has extremely low content of sulfur-containing components.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solid waste treatment and resource utilization, in particular to a method for obtaining gamma-Fe by utilizing copper ore dressing tailings2O3A method for molding iron concentrate powder.
Background
The copper ore dressing tailings are solid wastes discharged in a slurry form after target components in copper ores are extracted from the copper ores through the working procedures of crushing, grinding, sorting and the like. Typically, each ton of fine copper powder is extracted, several hundred tons of tailings are dumped. The accumulation of a large amount of copper tailings not only occupies land resources, but also can cause harm to the environment and waste of resources. The sulfur component in the tailings can be collected to prepare sulfuric acid, and the iron component can be recycled to be used as a raw material in the steel industry. Therefore, the recovery of sulfur and iron components in the copper tailings is very necessary, and the method has important practical significance for resource utilization and environmental protection of the copper tailings.
The iron concentrate is a main product obtained by processing and grinding iron ore, mineral separation and the like, and is a main raw material in the steel industry. The iron ore mainly comprises magnetite, hematite and maghemite (gamma-Fe)2O3) Ilmenite, limonite and siderite, and the like.
The invention patent with the patent number of CN102274799A discloses a combined reagent for recovering pyrite concentrate from flotation tailings through high-efficiency magnetic separation. The tailings are added with the combined reagent to be stirred and size-mixed, then a wet weak magnetic separator is used for magnetic separation to recover pyrite concentrate, and finally high-sulfur pyrite concentrate containing 26.43% of sulfur and 60.45% of iron ore is obtained, the sulfur recovery rate reaches 90.69%, and the iron recovery rate reaches 89.12%. The combined reagent only separates out pyrite concentrate, and does not realize separation and recovery of sulfur and iron.
Patent No. CN110898987A discloses an oxidation desulfurization method of high-sulfur magnetite concentrate, which is to mix strong oxidant and high-sulfur magnetite concentrate with sulfur content more than 0.3%,feeding into closed circuit grinding operation composed of ball mill and cyclone to oxidize pyrrhotite into Fe2(SO4)3Weakly magnetic minerals and even non-magnetic minerals, and then removing pyrrhotite by adopting a weak magnetic separation process to obtain magnetite concentrate with the sulfur content of less than 0.2 percent. This process recovers magnetite, but does not efficiently recover sulfur resources.
The research institute of silver smelting proposes a process for direct reduction steelmaking from pyrite flotation, concentrate acid making and slag burning. In the flotation process of pyrite (sulfur concentrate), the sulfur grade is 47.2-48% and the sulfur recovery rate is more than 87% after 3 times of roughing and 1 time of fine concentration. In the process of full-oxidation calcination of high-quality pyrite (sulfur concentrate), the sulfur concentrate is 1.94m2And (3) carrying out full-oxidation calcination in a fluidized bed furnace, preparing acid according to a Wenzhu washing process and a four-section contact conversion process, and producing cinder. The operation is carried out for 26 hours, the ore feeding amount is 790-1100 kg/hour, 40 tons of 93 percent sulfuric acid are produced, and the slag yield is 0.69 ton/ton. In the process of pelletizing, reducing and calcining the cinder (vortex dust)
In the rice disk pelletizer, 3 percent of lime is added into the cinder firstly, and then the mixture is formed
The green pellets on the left and right sides are dried and then placed in
Coal particles are added into the rotary kiln for reduction and calcination to prepare metallized pellets, and finally the metallized pellets with 85 percent of total iron are obtained, and the iron recovery rate is 98.1 percent. The flotation method of the sulfur concentrate has complicated steps, the used chemical reagent is easy to cause secondary pollution, and the consumption period is long (a new way of the comprehensive utilization of the pyrite-the flotation of the pyrite-the acid preparation of the concentrate-the direct reduction of the cinder-the steelmaking test [ J ]]The sulfuric acid industry, 1979(02): 3-6).
In summary, the existing treatment process or technology needs to add a flotation agent for flotation or add a strong oxidant for oxidation-reduction reaction, and has the defects of high cost, complex process or metal sulfide obtained after recovery and separation. At present, no method for simultaneously separating and recycling sulfur and iron components in blocky sulfide copper ore dressing tailings exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to address one or more of the problems in the prior art as set forth above. For example, it is an object of the present invention to provide for the simultaneous separation and recovery of the sulfur and iron components of a bulk sulfidic copper ore dressing tailing.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using copper ore dressing tailings2O3A method for molding iron concentrate powder.
The copper ore dressing tailings may comprise dressing tailings of a bulk sulphide copper ore, and the method may comprise the steps of: pretreating the copper ore dressing tailings to obtain copper tailing powder; calcining the copper tailing powder in a gradual heating mode in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to obtain the powder containing gamma-Fe2O3The calcined slag of (3); magnetic separation is carried out on the calcined slag to obtain gamma-Fe2O3And (4) molding iron fine powder.
According to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the preprocessing may include: drying, crushing and homogenizing.
According to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the copper tailings powder may contain 18.50% to 36.00% of SO by mass percentage3And 24.00 to 47.00 percent of Fe2O3。
According to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the sulfide minerals in the copper tailings fines may include: at least one of pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, and sphalerite, the gangue minerals including: at least one of quartz, biotite, muscovite, feldspar, chlorite, lepidocrocite, and carbonate minerals.
According to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the copper tailings powder may be 100 μm to 600 μm, and the moisture content may be below 5%.
According to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the method may further include the steps of: collecting gas generated during the calcination treatment, the gas containing sulfur oxide.
According to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the calcination treatment is performed in a calciner or a calciner to which the feeding direction of the copper tailings powder and the conveying direction of the oxygen-containing gas are reversed, and the oxygen-containing atmosphere is performed by feeding the oxygen-containing gas into the calciner or the calciner.
According to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, in the case where the calciner or the calciner is heated by electricity, the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas is 10 to 50m3.min-1.t-1(ii) a Under the condition that the calcining kiln or the calcining furnace adopts coal gas or coal powder as fuel, the flow of the oxygen-containing gas is 20-60 m3.min-1.t-1。
According to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the step of calcining the copper tailings powder in a gradual temperature rise manner may include: and heating the copper tailing powder from room temperature to a preset temperature for calcining, wherein the calcining time is 20-60 min, and the preset temperature is 950-1300 ℃.
According to one or more exemplary embodiments of the invention, the magnetic field strength during the magnetic separation can be 150-250 mT, the magnetic separation can comprise wet magnetic separation or dry magnetic separation, and the solid-liquid ratio during the wet magnetic separation can be 1: 25-1: 35 g/ml.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention can include:
the process flow is short, no chemical auxiliary agent is required to be additionally added in the preparation process, and the environmental hazard is small; the method can realize the simultaneous high-efficiency separation of sulfur and iron components in the copper ore dressing tailings; recovered tail gas is treated with SO3Mainly, can completely meet the requirement of preparing the sulfuric acid industrially. Fe in calcined slag2O3High recovery rate, Fe in the obtained iron concentrate2O3The content is high; the residual slag has extremely low content of sulfur-containing components, and the damage of acidic wastewater formed by the oxidation of sulfide minerals to the environment can be avoided.
Drawings
The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
figure 1 shows a schematic XRD phase change of the calcined slag obtained from bulk sulphidic copper ore dressing tailings of the invention at different calcination times at 1200 ℃;
FIG. 2 shows the method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using the tailings of the copper ore dressing2O3A flow diagram of a process for shaping fine iron powder;
FIG. 3 shows the gamma-Fe obtained in example 32O3An XRD physical phase diagram of the fine iron powder.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using copper ore dressing tailings according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments2O3A method for molding iron concentrate powder.
The invention provides a method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using copper ore dressing tailings aiming at the problems that the blocky sulfide type copper ore dressing tailings contain various metal sulfides, the process flow for separating valuable sulfide mineral components by flotation is long, the cost is high, the sulfur and iron components are difficult to separate efficiently and the like2O3The method of molding fine iron powder simultaneously recovers gas containing sulfur oxide component during the calcination process.
The invention obtains gamma-Fe by using the tailings of the copper ore dressing2O3In an exemplary embodiment of the method for refining iron concentrate, the copper ore tailings may comprise bulk sulphide copper ore tailings. In the tailings, pyrrhotite, marmatite and chalcopyrite are complexly connected with each other or are distributed in gangue minerals in a tree shape. The pyrrhotite is mostly in the shape of blocks or blocks and mainly concentrated in the size fraction range of-0.20 to +0.05 mm; the chalcopyrite is mostly in a fine particle shape, the granularity is 0.02-0.20 mm, the sphalerite is mostly in an irregular particle shape, and the granularity can reach 0.3-0.8 mm.
The method may comprise the steps of:
(1) the copper ore dressing tailings are pretreated to obtain copper ore dressing tailing powder (also called copper tailing powder). The pretreatment includes drying, crushing and homogenizing the tailings, which may be performed by using general industrial equipment, and the crushing may include crushing and pulverizing. Wherein, the water content of the material can be reduced to below 5% (mass fraction) in the drying process, such as 4% and 3%. The crushing and grinding step can process the material to 100-600 μm, such as 120 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, 500 μm, 580 μm, etc.
SO in chemical components of copper tailing powder3Can be 18.50-36.00 wt%, such as 18.60%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 35.82%, etc., Fe2O3The mass percentage content can be 24.00-47.00%, for example, 24.30%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 45%, 46.80%, etc. The main sulfide minerals of the copper tailing powder comprise pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, marmatite and the like; the copper tailing powder contains quartz, biotite, muscovite, feldspar and chlorite as main gangue minerals, and also contains small amount of lepidocrocite, carbonate mineral, etc. The relative contents of the minerals of each ore are 46 to 50.00 percent of pyrrhotite, 8 to 10 percent of pyrite, 3 to 3.5 percent of chalcopyrite, 1 to 1.53 percent of marmite, 13 to 15 percent of muscovite and 18 to 22 percent of quartz, the balance is trace (the relative content can be less than 1 percent), such as 48 percent of pyrrhotite, 8.4 percent of pyrite, 3.2 percent of chalcopyrite, 1.35 percent of marovite, 14 percent of muscovite and 20 percent of quartz, and the balance is trace.
(2) Placing the copper tailings powder in a calcining kiln (or a calcining furnace), wherein the feeding direction of the copper tailings powder is opposite to the movement direction of high-temperature gas generated in the calcining kiln, and the temperature of the copper tailings powder is gradually increased from the ambient temperature to a preset temperature in the movement process of the calcining kiln, wherein the preset temperature is 950-1300 ℃, and further can be 1000-1300 ℃, such as 1050 ℃, 1100 ℃, 1200 ℃, 1250 ℃ and the like. The heating mode is as follows: the temperature rise rate is 10 ℃/min to 20 ℃/min within the range of room temperature to 1000 ℃, and the temperature rise rate is 1 ℃/min to 5 ℃/min, such as 1000 ℃ to 1300 ℃, within the range of 1000 ℃ to the preset temperature when the preset temperature is above 1000 ℃. The calcination time can be 20min to 60min, further can be 50min to 60min, and the calcination time is the heat preservation time after the temperature is raised to the preset temperature. The calciner may also be referred to as a calcination decomposition kiln (furnace), which may include a rotary calciner (furnace).
Under the condition that the rotary calcining kiln adopts electric heating, air is introduced from the high-temperature section of the rotary calcining kiln, and the flow rate of the air is 10-50 m3.min-1.t-1E.g. 12, 20, 30, 40, 49m3.min-1.t-1And the like. When coal gas or coal powder is used as fuel in the rotary calcining kiln, the fuel and air are mixed and sprayed into a combustion section of the calcining kiln to generate high temperature, and the flow rate of the air is 20-60 m3.min-1.t-1E.g. 22, 30, 40, 50, 59m3.min-1.t-1And the like.
In the calcining section of 950-1300 ℃ in the temperature rotary kiln, the valuable metal elements in the copper tailing powder and the sulfur components generated by decomposition are simultaneously decomposed and oxidized and combusted, and the calcining time is 20-60 min. The copper tailing powder generates decomposition and oxidation reaction in the heating process, gas containing sulfur oxide, water vapor and carbon dioxide is released, and gamma-Fe is obtained2O339-68% of calcined slag by mass, such as 40 wt%, 50 wt%, 60 wt% and 65 wt% of gamma-Fe2O3. Wherein the concentration of sulfur oxide in the gas released by the calcining kiln (furnace) is 3ug/m3～12ug/m3E.g. 4, 5, 8, 11ug/m3And the gas can be used as raw material gas for producing sulfuric acid or chemical products. SO in the obtained calcined slag3The sulfur component content is 0.01-0.1% (mass fraction), such as 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.07%, 0.9%, etc.
(3) The obtained gamma-Fe-containing2O3The calcined slag is magnetically separated by a wet method or a dry method to obtain the material containing the gamma-Fe2O3The fine iron powder. The magnetic field intensity of the magnetic separation can be 150-250 mT, such as 160, 180, 200, 220, 240mT and the like. Fe in iron concentrate2O3The mass percentage of the iron concentrate powder is 60-75%, such as 61%, 65%, 69%, and the like, and the iron concentrate powder obtained by the invention can be directly sold and used as a raw material for steel smelting. Fe in the calcined slag of the invention2O3The recovery rate can be 52.0% to 81.0%, e.g., 52.06%, 53%,60%, 70%, 80.71%, etc.
When wet magnetic separation is adopted, the solid-liquid ratio is 1: 25-1: 35g/ml, for example 1: 26. 1: 29. 1: 31. 1: 34, etc.
The method is adopted to obtain gamma-Fe from the tailings of the copper ore dressing2O3The release amount of sulfur components in sulfide minerals of the iron concentrate powder is 98.85-99.82%, and the concentration of the obtained tail gas sulfur oxide is 3ug/m3～12ug/m3. SO in calcined slag30.01 to 0.1 percent of sulfur component, and gamma-Fe2O3The mass percentage content of the active ingredients is 39-68 percent.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the phase change of the calcination slag of the blocky sulfide-type copper ore dressing tailings of the invention under different calcination times at 1200 ℃ by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), reflecting the phase change process in the calcination process. In fig. 1, a represents quartz, b represents maghemite, c represents mica, d represents anorthite, e represents pleonaste, and f represents chlorite.
Calcining and decomposing blocky copper sulfide ore dressing tailings to obtain gamma-Fe2O3In the process of molding the iron concentrate powder, as shown in figure 1, when the temperature is increased to 1200 ℃ and the calcination time is 20min, the phases in the calcination slag mainly comprise quartz and maghemite (gamma-Fe)2O3) Mica, anorthite, and chlorite; when the calcination time is 30-40 min, the phases in the calcination slag mainly comprise quartz and maghemite (gamma-Fe)2O3) And anorthite, a new phase pleonaste appears; when the calcination time is 50-60 min, only quartz and maghemite (gamma-Fe) are phases in the calcination slag2O3)。
The invention obtains gamma-Fe by using the tailings of the copper ore dressing2O3In another exemplary embodiment of the method of refining iron concentrate, as shown in fig. 2, the method may include the steps of:
firstly, drying a sample, and then, crushing, grinding and homogenizing the sample to obtain copper tailing powder. Wherein, the sample is the blocky sulphide copper ore dressing tailings.
And (3) placing the copper tailing powder into a calcining decomposition kiln (or furnace) for calcining to obtain calcined slag and gas containing sulfur oxide. Wherein the feeding direction of the copper tailings powder is opposite to the conveying direction of heat energy or air for combustion, such as feeding the copper tailings powder from a low-temperature end of the calcination decomposition kiln and obtaining calcined slag from a high-temperature end; air is fed from the high temperature end of the calcination decomposition kiln, and sulfur oxide-containing gas is obtained from the low temperature end.
And carrying out dry or wet magnetic separation on the calcined slag to obtain iron concentrate and tailings.
In order that the above-described exemplary embodiments of the invention may be better understood, further description thereof with reference to specific examples is provided below.
Example 1
Method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using copper ore dressing tailings2O3The process of the iron concentrate powder is as follows:
(1) pretreating the copper ore dressing tailings, naturally drying the tailings until the water content of the tailings is lower than 5%, and then grinding the copper tailings by adopting a ball mill until the particle size of the copper tailings is 100 mu m to obtain copper tailing powder.
SO in chemical components of obtained copper tailing powder318.60 percent by mass of Fe2O3The mass percentage content is 24.30 percent; the main sulfide minerals include pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, blende and the like, and the main gangue minerals include quartz, biotite, muscovite, feldspar and chlorite, and contain a small amount of lepidocrocite, carbonate minerals and the like.
(2) Placing copper tailing powder in an electric heating rotary calcining kiln, wherein the feeding direction of the copper tailing powder is opposite to the moving direction of high-temperature gas generated in the calcining kiln, and the temperature of the copper tailing powder is gradually increased to 1300 ℃ from room temperature in the moving process of the calcining kiln to obtain gamma-Fe2O339 percent of calcined slag and SO in the calcined slag3The content of the sulfur component was 0.01%. Wherein, the material is fed from the low-temperature end of the rotary calcining kiln, the air is introduced from the high-temperature end, and the flow rate of the air is 10m3.min-1.t-1(ii) a The calcination time is 60min (i.e. the holding time after the temperature is raised to the preset temperature).
The tail gas released by the rotary calcining kiln contains gases containing sulfur oxide, water vapor and carbon dioxide, and the gases are recovered to obtain raw material gas for producing sulfuric acid.
(3) The obtained gamma-Fe-containing2O3The calcined slag is magnetically separated by a wet method, and water is added into the calcined slag to form fluid with the solid-liquid ratio of 1: 25; the magnetic field intensity is set to 150 mT; magnetic separation to obtain the product containing gamma-Fe2O3The fine iron powder is directly sold as a raw material for steel smelting. FIG. 3 shows that this example yields γ -Fe2O3Phase diagram of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of fine iron powder, wherein a represents quartz and b represents maghemite in FIG. 3, and it can be seen from FIG. 3 that gamma-Fe2O3The main phases of the type iron fine powder are quartz and maghemite.
Tests prove that the release amount of the sulfur component of the sulfur-containing mineral in the copper tailing powder by the method in the example 1 is 99.82%, and the concentration of the sulfur oxide-containing gas in the obtained tail gas is 3ug/m3(ii) a Fe in calcined slag2O3The recovery rate of the iron concentrate is 52.06 percent, and Fe in the iron concentrate powder2O3The mass percentage of (B) is 60%.
Example 2
Method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using copper ore dressing tailings2O3The process of the iron concentrate powder is as follows:
(1) pretreating the copper ore dressing tailings, naturally drying the tailings until the water content of the tailings is lower than 5%, and then grinding the copper tailings by using a high-pressure grinding machine until the particle size of the copper tailings is 600 mu m to obtain copper tailing powder.
SO in chemical components of obtained copper tailing powder335.82% by mass of Fe2O3The mass percentage content is 46.80 percent; the main sulfide minerals include pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite and the like, the main gangue minerals include quartz, biotite, muscovite, feldspar and chlorite, and the gangue minerals contain a small amount of lepidocrocite, carbonate minerals and the like.
(2) Putting copper tailing powder into a coal heating rotary calcining kiln, mixing coal powder and air, spraying the mixture into a combustion section in the rotary calcining kiln to generate high temperature, wherein the flow rate of the air is 60m3.min-1.t-1(ii) a The feed inlet of the copper tailing powder is positioned at the other section of the rotary calcining kiln, namely the tailing powder is fedThe material direction is opposite to the moving direction of high-temperature gas generated in the calcining kiln; gradually heating the copper tailing powder from room temperature to 1200 ℃ in the motion process of the calcining kiln; the calcination time is 35min (namely, after the temperature is raised to 1200 ℃, the temperature is kept for 35 min).
This step yields gamma-Fe2O368 percent of calcined slag by mass, and SO in the calcined slag3The content of the sulfur component was 0.03%. The tail gas released by the rotary calcining kiln contains gases containing sulfur oxide, water vapor and carbon dioxide, and the gases can be recycled to be used as chemical raw material gases.
(3) The obtained gamma-Fe-containing2O3The calcined slag is magnetically separated by a dry method, and the magnetic field intensity is set to be 150 mT; magnetic separation to obtain the product containing gamma-Fe2O3The fine iron powder is directly sold as a raw material for steel smelting.
Tests prove that the release amount of the sulfur component of the sulfur-containing mineral in the copper tailing powder by the method in the example 2 is 99.85 percent, and the concentration of the sulfur oxide-containing gas in the obtained tail gas is 12ug/m3(ii) a Fe in calcined slag2O3The recovery rate of the iron concentrate is 80.71 percent, and Fe in the iron concentrate powder2O3The mass percentage of (B) is 75%.
Example 3
Method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using copper ore dressing tailings2O3The process of the iron concentrate powder is as follows:
(1) pretreating the copper ore dressing tailings, naturally drying the tailings until the water content of the tailings is lower than 5%, and then grinding the copper tailings by using a vertical grinding machine until the particle size of the copper tailings is 300 mu m to obtain copper tailing powder.
SO in chemical components of obtained copper tailing powder326.68 percent by mass of Fe2O3The mass percentage content is 34.86 percent; the main sulfide minerals include pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, blende and the like, and the main gangue minerals include quartz, biotite, muscovite, feldspar and chlorite, and contain a small amount of lepidocrocite, carbonate minerals and the like.
(2) Putting the copper tailing powder into a gas heating calciner, simultaneously spraying the gas and air into a combustion section in the calciner to generate high temperature, wherein the flow rate of the air is 40m3.min-1.t-1(ii) a The feeding hole of the copper tailing powder is positioned at the other section of the calcining furnace, namely the feeding direction of the tailing powder is opposite to the moving direction of high-temperature gas generated in the calcining furnace; gradually heating the copper tailing powder from room temperature to 1000 ℃ in the motion process of the calcining furnace; the calcination time was 45 min.
This step yields gamma-Fe2O353 percent of calcined slag and SO in the calcined slag3The content of the sulfur component was 0.06%. The tail gas released by the rotary calcining kiln contains gases containing sulfur oxide, water vapor and carbon dioxide, and the gases can be recovered to obtain gases used as chemical raw materials.
3) The obtained gamma-Fe-containing2O3The calcined slag is magnetically separated by a dry method, and the magnetic field intensity is set to be 200 mT; magnetic separation to obtain the product containing gamma-Fe2O3The fine iron powder is directly sold as a raw material for steel smelting.
Tests prove that the release amount of the sulfur component of the sulfur-containing mineral in the copper tailing powder by the method in the example 3 is 99.45 percent, and the concentration of the sulfur oxide-containing gas in the obtained tail gas is 8ug/m3(ii) a Fe in calcined slag2O3The recovery rate of the iron concentrate is 66.78 percent, and Fe in the iron concentrate powder2O3The mass percentage of (B) is 70%.
In conclusion, the method for obtaining the gamma-Fe by using the copper ore dressing tailings2O3The advantages of the method for molding the iron concentrate powder comprise:
(1) the method can realize the simultaneous high-efficiency separation of the sulfur and iron components in the blocky sulfide type copper ore dressing tailings, wherein the release rate of the sulfur component in the copper tailings is high and can reach 98.85-99.82%, the content of the sulfur component in the calcined slag is low and is only 0.01-0.1%, and the gamma-Fe content in the calcined slag2O3The content of (A) is 39-68 wt%.
(2) The concentration range of the sulfur oxide in the tail gas recovered by the invention is 3ug/m3～12ug/m3With SO3Mainly, can completely meet the requirement of preparing the sulfuric acid industrially.
(3) Fe in the calcined slag of the invention2O3The recovery rate is high and can reach about 80 percent, and Fe in the obtained iron concentrate powder2O3High content of up toTo 75%.
(4) The invention obtains the Gamma-Fe through magnetic separation2O3The residual slag after the fine iron powder has extremely low content of sulfur-containing components, and the damage of acidic wastewater formed by the oxidation of sulfide minerals to the environment can be avoided.
(5) The invention has short process flow, no additional chemical auxiliary agent is needed in the decomposition and oxidation processes, the waste gas generated in the calcination process is recycled, and the environmental hazard is small.
Although the present invention has been described above in connection with exemplary embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. Method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using copper ore dressing tailings2O3The method for refining the iron concentrate is characterized in that the copper ore dressing tailings comprise blocky sulfide copper ore dressing tailings, and the method comprises the following steps:
pretreating the copper ore dressing tailings to obtain copper tailing powder;
calcining the copper tailing powder in a gradual heating mode in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to obtain the powder containing gamma-Fe2O3The calcined slag of (3);
magnetic separation is carried out on the calcined slag to obtain gamma-Fe2O3And (4) molding iron fine powder.
2. The method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using the tailings of the copper ore dressing according to claim 12O3The method for refining the iron concentrate powder comprises the following steps: drying, crushing and homogenizing.
3. The method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using the tailings of the copper ore dressing according to claim 12O3The method for molding the iron concentrate powder is characterized in that the copper tailing powder contains 18.50-36.00 percent of SO according to the mass percentage3And 24.00 to 47.00 percent of Fe2O3。
4. The method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using the tailings of the copper ore dressing according to claim 12O3The method for molding the iron concentrate powder is characterized in that sulfide minerals in the copper tailing powder comprise: at least one of pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, and sphalerite, the gangue minerals including: at least one of quartz, biotite, muscovite, feldspar, chlorite, lepidocrocite, and carbonate minerals.
5. The method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using the tailings of the copper ore dressing according to claim 12O3The method of the shaped iron fine powder is characterized in that the granularity of the copper tailing powder is 100-600 mu m, and the water content is below 5%.
6. The method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using the tailings of the copper ore dressing according to claim 12O3The method for shaping the iron concentrate powder is characterized by further comprising the following steps of: collecting gas generated during the calcination treatment, the gas containing sulfur oxide.
7. The method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using the tailings of the copper ore dressing according to claim 12O3The method for producing the fine iron powder is characterized in that the calcination treatment is carried out in a calciner or a calciner, the oxygen-containing atmosphere is realized by introducing oxygen-containing gas into the calciner or the calciner, and the feeding direction of the copper tailing powder and the conveying direction of the oxygen-containing gas are opposite in the calciner or the calciner.
8. The method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using the tailings of the copper ore dressing according to claim 72O3The method for molding the iron concentrate is characterized in that under the condition that the calcining kiln or the calcining furnace adopts electric heating, the flow of the oxygen-containing gas is 10-50 m3.min-1.t-1(ii) a Under the condition that the calcining kiln or the calcining furnace adopts coal gas or coal powder as fuel, the flow of the oxygen-containing gas is 20-60 m3.min-1.t-1。
9. The method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using the tailings of the copper ore dressing according to claim 1 or 72O3The method for molding the iron concentrate powder is characterized in that the step of calcining the copper tailing powder by adopting a gradual temperature rise mode comprises the following steps:
and heating the copper tailing powder from room temperature to a preset temperature for calcining, wherein the calcining time is 20-60 min, and the preset temperature is 950-1300 ℃.
10. The method for obtaining gamma-Fe by using the tailings of the copper ore dressing according to claim 12O3The method for forming the iron concentrate powder is characterized in that the magnetic field intensity during magnetic separation is 150-250 mT, the magnetic separation comprises wet magnetic separation or dry magnetic separation, and the solid-liquid ratio during the wet magnetic separation is 1: 25-1: 35 g/ml.
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