CN112473368B - Nanobubble isotope separation method, nanobubble isotope separation device and cascade - Google Patents
Nanobubble isotope separation method, nanobubble isotope separation device and cascade Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a nanometer bubble isotope separation method, a separation device and cascade connection, the method firstly prepares liquid containing nanometer bubbles, then the nanometer bubbles contact with the liquid in the rising process, when the nanometer bubbles rise to a certain height, a heavier isotope enriched product can be obtained, and the lighter isotope enriched product is in the liquid phase of a separation cylinder, thereby realizing isotope separation. The separation device comprises a nano bubble generator, a cylinder separator and a material supply and taking device, and the cascade connection is a series-parallel combination of a plurality of separation devices. The invention can be applied to the separation of isotopes of various elements, and is particularly suitable for the separation of light isotopes, in particular to the separation of lithium isotopes. The invention also has the advantages of low investment, low energy consumption, cheap raw materials, rapid production, flexible scale, no pollution and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to isotope separation technology, nanotechnology, colloid and interface technology, in particular to a method for separating isotopes by utilizing nanobubbles, a separation device and cascade connection consisting of a plurality of separation devices.
Background
The existing isotope separation methods at home and abroad are very many, the method for separating uranium isotope includes centrifugal method, laser method, electromagnetic method and the like, and the method for separating light isotope (such as carbon, lithium, hydrogen and the like) includes various physical-chemical methods, such as distillation method (including low-temperature rectification), electrolysis method and gas-liquid and liquid-liquid isotope chemical exchange method (such as lithium amalgam method, H-liquid isotope chemical exchange method) 2 S-H 2 O double temperature exchange method), and the like. In addition, there are many various separation methods in the research and development stage.
According to the principle of isotope separation, there are a centrifugal method directly utilizing the difference in the isotope mass, an electromagnetic method, a laser method utilizing the difference in the isotope mass to cause the difference in the energy levels of atoms and molecules, a chemical exchange method, and the like. The nanometer bubble isotope separation method is based on the energy level difference of isotope molecules, and utilizes the quantum property and other physical and chemical properties of nanometer bubbles (which are actually solid nanometer particles existing in liquid) to separate the isotope molecules with small energy level difference, so that a certain isotope is concentrated in the nanometer bubbles, and other isotopes are concentrated in the liquid. Based on the quantum property of the nano bubbles, chemical exchange, and exchange of atoms, molecules, ions and free radicals are realized on the interface between the nano bubbles and liquid, and because the collision exchange among isotope particles is resonance exchange, the isotope exchange can be realized through collision or contact of one interface in principle, so that the separation process is very rapid. And the nano bubbles have large specific surface area, so that the gas-liquid contact is increased, and the process is accelerated.
No report or report about the nanometer bubble isotope separation method is found in domestic and foreign literature and patents.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nanobubble isotope separation method, a nanobubble isotope separation device and a nanobubble isotope cascade, wherein the method can realize isotope separation of various elements based on quantum characteristics of nanobubbles and the principle that the surface energy of a gas-liquid interface changes in colloid and interface science. The method has the obvious advantages of simple equipment, simple process, short balancing time, cheap raw materials, low energy consumption, no pollution and the like.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a nanobubble isotope separation method, comprising the steps of:
the first step is as follows: manufacture of nanobubbles
Mixing gas and liquid, and preparing the liquid containing nano bubbles by a nano bubble generator;
the grain size of the prepared nano bubbles is in the range of 50-500nm, wherein the nano bubbles smaller than 200nm account for more than 70%; the density of the nano bubbles is 10 8 More than one bubble per milliliter; the service life of the nano bubbles is very long;
the second step is that: separation of isotopes
Pumping the liquid containing the nano bubbles prepared in the first step into a separation cylinder, wherein the isotope substances to be separated can be in the liquid or the nano bubbles; the nano bubbles rise in the cylinder along with the liquid and gradually fill the cylinder to form a flocculent liquid column of white bubbles;
the nanometer bubble contacts with the liquid in the process of rising in the separation cylinder, because the nanometer bubble has the quantum characteristic, the chemical reaction and isotope exchange occur in the contact process, the heavier isotope rises along with the nanometer bubble, when the nanometer bubble rises to a certain height, the heavier isotope concentration product can be obtained, and the lighter isotope concentration product is in the liquid phase of the separation cylinder, thereby realizing the isotope separation.
The nanobubble isotope separation method is the nanobubble-containing liquid, wherein the nanobubbles are air bubbles and CO 2 Air bubbles, H 2 Bubbles, NH 3 Air bubbles, SF 6 Air bubbles or UF 6 Bubbles, the liquid is water or water solution; the nanobubbles and/or the liquid contain isotope substances to be separated.
In the nanobubble isotope separation method, the isotope to be separated is one or more of a carbon isotope, a hydrogen isotope, an oxygen isotope and a lithium isotope.
In the method for separating the nanobubble isotope, the nanobubble-containing liquid is water and CO 2 Aqueous solution of gas, or Li 2 SO 4 And (3) solution.
The method for separating the nano-bubble isotope is characterized in that the nano-bubble generator is used for preparing the nano-bubble-containing liquid, and specifically, the nano-bubble generator is used for crushing and dispersing bubbles to prepare bubbles with the size of 0.1-100 microns, and then a pressure dissolved gas method is adopted to further obtain the bubbles with the size of 50-500 nm.
The invention relates to a nano bubble isotope separation device which is a nano bubble separator unit, wherein the nano bubble separator unit comprises a nano bubble generator, a cylindrical nano bubble separator and a material supply and taking system; wherein, the nano bubble generator is connected with the nano bubble separator, gas and liquid are mixed to prepare liquid containing nano bubbles, and the prepared liquid containing nano bubbles enters the cylinder of the nano bubble separator through a feeding port arranged in the middle of the cylinder of the nano bubble separator; the nano bubble-containing liquid has the nano bubble size within the range of 50-500 nanometers, and the nano bubbles and/or the liquid contain isotope substances to be separated;
the nano bubble separator is also connected with a material supply and taking system, namely, the top and the bottom of a cylinder of the nano bubble separator are respectively provided with a concentrate material taking port and a lean material taking port; the nano bubble separator receives the liquid containing nano bubbles to realize the separation of isotopes; the material supplying and taking system is respectively connected with the concentrate material taking port and the lean material taking port, and can directly collect the required isotope concentrated product.
The nanometer bubble isotope separation device comprises a nanometer bubble generator and a pressure container tank, wherein a gas supply source and a liquid supply source (3) are respectively connected with an input port of the nanometer bubble generator, when gas and liquid are sucked into the two-phase flow mechanical pump, a quick rotating blade carried by the two-phase flow mechanical pump breaks the bubbles into micrometer bubbles, the micrometer bubbles enter the pressure container tank and are further changed into nanometer bubbles through a pressure gas dissolving method, and then the liquid containing the nanometer bubbles is pumped into the middle part of a cylinder of the nanometer bubble separator through the two-phase flow mechanical pump;
the main body of the nano bubble separator is a cylinder, and the material supply and taking system comprises a concentrate taking-out unit and a lean material collecting unit; the upper part of the cylinder is communicated with a concentrate taking-out unit, the lower part of the cylinder is communicated with a lean material collecting unit, concentrate products, namely heavy isotope enriched products, are taken out from the upper part of the cylinder, and lean materials, namely light isotope enriched products, are taken out from the lower part of the cylinder;
the top of the cylinder of the nano bubble separator is also connected with a gas catcher, the bottom of the cylinder is communicated with the nano bubble generator through a pipeline, part of gas in the cylinder enters the gas catcher, and part of liquid flows back to the nano bubble generator.
The nanometer bubble isotope separation cascade adopts the multiple nanometer bubble separation units to form the cascade in a series connection or parallel connection mode, and further obtains an isotope concentrated product with higher abundance.
The nanobubble isotope separation cascade as described above is characterized in that: the plurality of nano-bubble separation units form cascade connection in a serial or parallel connection mode, fine materials taken out from the upper part of the cylinder of the nano-bubble separator at the current stage are input into the nano-bubble generator at the previous stage as feeding materials, lean materials taken out from the lower part of the cylinder of the nano-bubble separator at the current stage are returned into the nano-bubble generator at the next stage as feeding materials of the current stage, the lean materials at the previous stage and the fine materials at the next stage are taken as feeding materials of the current stage and are input into the nano-bubble generator at the current stage together, and the cascade connection is formed by analogy.
The invention has the following effects:
(1) the diameter range of the nano bubbles produced by the nano bubble isotope separation method is 50-500nm, wherein the diameter smaller than 200nm accounts for more than 70%, and the service life of the bubbles is longer. The invention can realize the isotope separation of various elements based on the quantum characteristics of nano bubbles and the principle that the surface energy of a gas-liquid interface changes in colloid and interface science.
(2) Compared with the prior art, the nano bubble isotope separation method has the obvious advantages that: the mercury pollution of the existing lithium amalgam method is very serious, the energy consumption of CO low-temperature rectification is very high, and other isotope separation methods also have the defects of high similar energy consumption and serious organic solvent pollution. The invention can overcome the defects of the prior art, and takes light isotope separation as an example, the nanometer bubble isotope separation method has the advantages of simple equipment and small volume; the process is simple and can be operated at normal temperature and normal pressure; the raw materials are cheap and easily available (for example, only CO is needed for separating C) 2 And water, only CO is required for Li separation 2 And Li 2 SO 3 ) (ii) a Short equilibration times (up to fast production times); low energy consumption, no generation of wastewater and other solid wastes, no environmental pollution and the like. Especially, the problem of mercury pollution can be thoroughly changed by replacing a lithium amalgam method. In a word, the invention has the advantages of low investment, low energy consumption, low cost and no pollution.
(3) The method of the invention can be used for separating light isotopes such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, lithium, boron and the like, and can also be used for separating other heavy isotopes. More broadly, for a gas-liquid chemical reaction system, the nanobubbles have strong chemical activity and large specific surface area, so that the chemical reaction can be promoted, the reaction speed can be accelerated, and the production efficiency can be improved.
(4) The nano bubbles used in the invention can be air bubbles or bubbles of other gases, the liquid can be water, or solution or other solvents, and different gases and liquids can be selected according to different separation objects to form various separation working medium systems. The invention can also be applied to the aspects of chemical engineering processes such as hydrometallurgy, wastewater treatment or algae removal and other environmental management.
(5) By adopting the separation device of the invention, the generated nano bubbles have the particle size range of 50-500nm, wherein the particle size smaller than 200nm accounts for more than 70 percent (figure 4), and the service life is very long, so that the nano bubbles are pressed into liquid to generate chemical exchange reaction with the liquid or solution or various isotope exchange reactions among atoms, molecules, ions and free radicals, thereby realizing isotope separation. The nano-bubble isotope separation method can be suitable for isotope separation of various elements, and the invention realizes isotope separation of elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, lithium and the like.
(6) The device and the cascade connection have the advantages that: the separation equipment is simple; the operation process is simple and convenient, and the requirements of high temperature, high pressure or extremely low temperature are not met; the energy consumption is also low; the stabilization time is short, and the yield is high; the raw materials are cheap and common, and CO is separated from carbon 2 Gas and water, CO for lithium separation 2 Gas and Li 2 SO 4 (ii) a Finally, it does not produce waste water and waste, and has no influence on environment. In a word, the invention has the advantages of less investment, low energy consumption, cheap raw materials, quick yield, flexible scale, no pollution and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a nanobubble isotope separation method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the particle size distribution of nanobubbles separated according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a nanobubble isotope separation apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a nanobubble isotope separation cascade in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of measuring carbon isotopes separated by nanobubbles in example 1;
fig. 6 is a graph showing the results of measurement of separation of lithium isotopes by nanobubbles in example 2.
In fig. 4: 1. a nanobubble generator (comprising a two-phase flow mechanical pump and a pressure vessel tank); 2. a nanobubble separator; 3. a liquid supply source; 4. a concentrate take-out unit; 5. collecting lean materials; 6. a gas supply source; 7. a gas trap.
Detailed Description
The nanobubble isotope separation method, the nanobubble isotope separation apparatus, and the nanobubble isotope separation cascade according to the present invention are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1: carbon isotope separation
The invention relates to a nano bubble isotope separation method, which comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: production of CO 2 Nano-bubbles
CO is introduced into 2 Mixing gas and water, and making into CO by nanometer bubble generator 2 An aqueous solution of nanobubbles;
CO produced as shown in FIG. 2 2 The nano bubbles have a particle size in the range of 50-500nm, wherein the particle size is less than 200nm of CO 2 The nano bubbles account for more than 70 percent; CO2 2 The density of the nano bubbles is 10 8 Bubbles/ml;
the second step: separation of carbon isotopes
The CO produced in the first step is mixed with 2 The aqueous solution of nanobubbles is pumped into a vertical separation cylinder 1 meter high, where the carbon isotope species to be separated are in CO 2 In the nano bubbles; CO2 2 The nano bubbles rise in the cylinder along with the water and gradually fill the cylinder to form a flocculent liquid column of white bubbles;
CO 2 the nano bubbles are contacted with water in the process of rising in the separation cylinder due to CO 2 The nano bubbles have quantum characteristics, and chemical reaction and carbon isotope occur in the contact processExchange, the heavier carbon isotopes rise with the nanobubbles as CO 2 After the nano bubbles rise to a certain height along with water, a heavier carbon isotope concentrated product can be obtained, and the lighter carbon isotope concentrated product is in a liquid phase of the separation cylinder, so that isotope separation is realized.
The separation coefficient was 1.002 when the effective separation height was 0.3 m, and 1.005 when the effective separation height was 0.6 m, the separation coefficient increasing with the increase in the height of the cylinder.
Example 2: carbon isotope separation
The invention relates to a nano bubble isotope separation method, which comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: production of CO 2 Nano-bubbles
CO is introduced into 2 Mixing gas and water, and rapidly dispersing CO in water by nanometer bubble generator 2 Bubbling to obtain 0.1-100 micron CO 2 Micron bubble, and pressure gas dissolving method for dispersing CO 2 Micro-bubbles further turned into CO 2 Nanobubbles with particle size of 50-500nm, wherein nanobubbles smaller than 200nm account for more than 75%, and the density of nanobubbles reaches 3 × 10 8 Bubbles/ml and longer lifetime in water, creating conditions for isotope separation.
The second step: separation of carbon isotopes
The CO produced in the first step is mixed with 2 The aqueous solution of nanobubbles is pumped into a vertical separation cylinder 1 m high, where the carbon isotope substances to be separated are in the CO 2 In the nano bubbles; CO2 2 The nano bubbles rise in the cylinder along with the water and gradually fill the cylinder to form a flocculent liquid column of white bubbles;
CO 2 the nano bubbles are contacted with water in the process of rising in the separation cylinder due to CO 2 The nano bubbles have quantum characteristics, chemical reaction and carbon isotope exchange occur in the contact process, and heavier carbon isotopes rise along with the nano bubbles when CO 2 After the nano bubbles rise to a certain height along with the water, a heavier carbon isotope concentrated product and a lighter carbon isotope concentrated product can be obtainedThe carbon isotope enriched product is in the liquid phase of the separation cylinder, thereby realizing isotope separation. The method comprises the following specific steps: as shown in FIG. 5, CO 2 The nano bubbles exchange carbon isotopes with carbonate in water and dissolved carbon in water, carbon-13 is transferred from water to bubbles, is concentrated in the nano bubbles and rises along with water flow, and the nano bubbles reach equilibrium quickly. A carbon-13 concentrated sample containing bubble water was taken from the upper portion of the cylinder, and the separation factor was 1.002 when the effective separation height was 0.3 meters, and was 1.005 when the effective separation height was 0.6 meters, the separation factor increasing with the increase in the height of the cylinder.
Example 3: separation of lithium isotopes
The invention relates to a nano bubble isotope separation method, which comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: production of CO 2 Nano-bubbles
Introducing CO 2 Gas and Li 2 SO 4 Mixing the solution, and rapidly dispersing CO in the solution by a nano bubble generator 2 Bubbling to obtain CO of 50-100 microns 2 Micron bubble, dissolving in gas under pressure to disperse CO 2 Micro-bubbles further turned into CO 2 Nano bubbles with a particle size of 50-500nm, wherein the nano bubbles less than 200nm account for more than 70%, and the density of the nano bubbles reaches 10 8 More than one bubble/ml, and in Li 2 SO 4 The solution has longer service life, which creates condition for isotope separation.
The second step is that: separation of lithium isotopes
The CO produced in the first step is mixed with 2 Nanobubble Li 2 SO 4 The solution is pumped into a vertical separation cylinder with a height of 10 m, where the carbon isotope substances to be separated are in CO 2 In the nano bubbles; lithium isotopes to be separated in Li 2 SO 4 In solution; CO2 2 The nano bubbles rise in the cylinder along with the water and gradually fill the cylinder to form a flocculent liquid column of white bubbles;
CO 2 the nano-bubbles are inSeparating Li from the ascending in the cylinder 2 SO 4 The solution comes into contact due to CO 2 The nanobubbles have quantum and physicochemical properties, as shown in FIG. 6, CO 2 Carbonate formed or attached on the surface of the nano-bubbles can adsorb lithium elements, particularly lithium-7 isotopes more easily than sulfate radicals in water. The lithium isotope exchange caused by chemical reaction or the lithium isotope exchange generated on the surface of the nano bubble is beneficial to the adsorption of heavier lithium-7 ions on CO 2 On the surface of the nanobubble, it means that the effect of separating lithium isotopes will be better. The nanobubbles rise with the water flow in the cylinder to obtain the concentrated lithium-7 isotope. The average value of the lithium isotope separation coefficient obtained in the experiment is 1.014, and the highest value is 1.024. The lithium isotope separation factor can also increase as the cylinder height increases.
This example adds Li to water 2 SO 4 The method can simultaneously separate lithium and carbon isotopes, the heavier isotopes are always concentrated on the surface of the nano bubble and rise along with the water flow, and the lighter isotopes remain in the liquid phase. The separation speed is fast and the separation factor (concentration effect) increases with the height of the cylinder.
Example 4: separation of oxygen isotopes
The invention relates to a nano bubble isotope separation method, which comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: producing air nanobubbles
Mixing air and water, and preparing an aqueous solution containing air nano bubbles by a nano bubble generator;
the grain size of the prepared air nano bubbles is within the range of 50-500nm, wherein the nano bubbles smaller than 200nm account for more than 70%; the density of the nano bubbles is 10 8 More than one bubble per milliliter;
the second step: separation of oxygen isotopes
Pumping the aqueous solution containing air nanobubbles prepared in the first step into a vertical separation cylinder having a height of 1 m, where oxygen isotope substances to be separated are contained in the air nanobubbles and water;
the air nano bubbles are contacted with water in the rising process in the separation cylinder, because the air nano bubbles have quantum characteristics, chemical reaction and oxygen isotope exchange occur in the contact process, heavier oxygen isotopes rise along with the nano bubbles, when the air nano bubbles rise to a certain height along with the water, heavier oxygen isotope concentrated products can be obtained, and lighter oxygen isotope concentrated products are in the liquid phase of the separation cylinder, so that isotope separation is realized. The average separation coefficient of oxygen-18 obtained in this experiment was 1.002.
Example 5: nanometer bubble isotope separation device
As shown in fig. 3, the nanobubble isotope separation apparatus according to the present invention is a nanobubble separator unit, which includes a nanobubble generator 1, a cylindrical nanobubble separator 2 and a material supplying and taking system;
wherein, the nano bubble generator 1 is connected with the nano bubble separator 2, mixes gas and liquid to prepare liquid containing nano bubbles, and leads the prepared liquid containing nano bubbles to enter the cylinder of the nano bubble separator 2 through a feeding port arranged at the middle part of the cylinder of the nano bubble separator 2; the nano bubble-containing liquid has the nano bubble size within the range of 50-500 nanometers, and the nano bubbles and/or the liquid contain isotope substances to be separated;
the nano bubble separator 2 is also connected with a material supply and taking system, namely, the top and the bottom of a cylinder of the nano bubble separator 2 are respectively provided with a concentrate material taking port and a lean material taking port; the nano bubble separator 2 receives the liquid containing nano bubbles to realize the separation of isotopes; the material supplying and taking system is respectively connected with the concentrate material taking port and the lean material taking port, and can directly collect the required isotope concentrated product.
Example 6: nanometer bubble isotope separation device
As shown in fig. 3, the nanobubble isotope separation device according to the present invention is a nanobubble separator unit, which includes a nanobubble generator 1, a cylindrical nanobubble separator 2 and a material supplying and taking system;
wherein, the nano bubble generator 1 is connected with the nano bubble separator 2, mixes gas and liquid to prepare liquid containing nano bubbles, and leads the prepared liquid containing nano bubbles to enter the cylinder of the nano bubble separator 2 through a feeding port arranged at the middle part of the cylinder of the nano bubble separator 2; the nano bubble size of the nano bubble-containing liquid is within the range of 50-500 nanometers, and the nano bubbles and/or the liquid contain isotope substances to be separated; the nano bubble generator comprises a two-phase flow mechanical pump and a pressure container, a gas supply source 6 and a liquid supply source 3 are respectively connected with an input port of the nano bubble generator 1, when gas and liquid are sucked into the two-phase flow mechanical pump, a fast rotating blade carried by the two-phase flow mechanical pump breaks the bubbles into micro bubbles, the micro bubbles enter a pressure container tank to further change the micro bubbles into nano bubbles by a pressure gas dissolving method, and then the liquid containing the nano bubbles is pumped into the middle part of a cylinder of the nano bubble separator 2 by the two-phase flow mechanical pump;
the nano bubble separator 2 is also connected with a material supplying and taking system, namely, the top and the bottom of a cylinder of the nano bubble separator 2 are respectively provided with a fine material taking port and a lean material taking port; the nano bubble separator 2 receives the liquid containing nano bubbles to realize the separation of isotopes; the material supply and taking system is respectively connected with a concentrate material taking port and a lean material taking port, and can directly collect the required isotope concentrated product; the main body of the nano bubble separator 2 is a cylinder, and the material supply and taking system comprises a concentrate taking-out unit 4 and a lean material collecting unit 6; the upper part of the cylinder is communicated with a concentrate taking-out unit 4, the lower part of the cylinder is communicated with a lean material collecting unit 6, concentrate products, namely heavy isotope enriched products, are taken out from the upper part of the cylinder, and lean materials, namely light isotope enriched products, are taken out from the lower part of the cylinder;
the top of the cylinder of the nano-bubble separator 2 is also connected with a gas catcher 7, the bottom of the cylinder is communicated with the nano-bubble generator 1 through a pipeline, part of gas in the cylinder enters the gas catcher 7, and part of liquid flows back to the nano-bubble generator 1.
Taking the separation of carbon isotopes as an example:
CO is introduced into 2 And water are used as the separation working medium,the bubbles are scattered into micro bubbles by a quick rotating blade carried by the two-phase flow mechanical pump, the micro bubbles enter a pressure container tank, the micro bubbles are further changed into nano bubbles by a pressure gas dissolving method, the particle size range of the nano bubbles is 50-500nm, and the nano bubbles smaller than 200nm account for more than 70%. Then the same two-phase flow mechanical pump is used for pumping the mixture containing a large amount of CO 2 The aqueous solution of nanobubbles is pressed into the cylinder of nanobubble separator 2, CO 2 The nano bubbles rise upwards along with the water flow, CO 2 The nano bubbles react with CO in water in the process of buoyancy 3 ++ Carbonate ions contact and collide, and carbonate ions, carbon-containing molecules, ions and free radicals possibly generated or attached on the surface of the CO2 nanobubbles collide with carbonate and dissolved carbon in water to contact carbon isotope exchange due to the quantum performance of the nanobubbles, so that CO 3 ++ A carbon isotope exchange occurs. As shown in FIG. 5, CO is pressed in 2 After the nano bubbles float for 15 minutes, the nano bubbles float to the nano bubble water at the top of the cylinder, and then a concentrated sample of the carbon-13 isotope can be obtained. The isotope exchange and separation process is very rapid and equilibrium is reached very quickly. The water containing bubbles in the upper part of the cylinder was sampled and it was confirmed by mass spectrometer analysis that the enriched carbon-13 isotope was obtained.
In addition, as long as Li is added to water 2 SO 4 The method can separate lithium and carbon isotopes at the same time, heavier isotopes are always concentrated on the surface of the nano-bubble and rise along with water flow, and lighter isotopes are left in a liquid phase. The separation speed is fast and the separation factor (concentration effect) increases with the height of the cylinder.
The effective height of the cylinder of the nanobubble separator 2 in this example is 1 meter.
Example 7: nanobubble isotope separation cascade
According to the nanobubble isotope separation cascade, a plurality of nanobubble separation units described in embodiment 5 or embodiment 6 are adopted to form the cascade in a series connection or parallel connection mode, and therefore a high-abundance isotope concentration product is obtained.
As shown in FIG. 4, the nanobubble separation units are connected in series or in parallel to form a cascade, in which the concentrate taken out from the upper part of the cylinder of the nanobubble separator 2 of the current stage is fed into the nanobubble generator 1 of the previous stage, the lean taken out from the lower part of the cylinder of the nanobubble separator 2 of the current stage is returned into the nanobubble generator 1 of the next stage as the feed of the current stage, and the lean taken out from the previous stage and the concentrate taken out from the next stage are fed into the nanobubble generator 1 of the current stage together, and so on, to form the cascade. Taking lithium isotope separation as an example, the concentrate liquid containing concentrated lithium-7 in the middle stage is fed into the next stage as a raw material, the lean material in the middle stage returns to the previous stage as a feed, and the rest is done in the same way to form a cascade.
The plurality of nano bubble separation units form a cascade in a series or parallel connection mode, wherein 2-100 nano bubble separation units (for example, 2 nano bubble separation units, 10 nano bubble separation units or 100 nano bubble separation units) form the cascade in a series or parallel connection mode.
The invention is a brand new isotope separation method, can be applied to the isotope separation of various elements, is particularly suitable for the separation of light isotopes, and is especially suitable for the separation of carbon isotopes, lithium isotopes, oxygen isotopes and the like.
The nano-bubble manufacturing equipment, the isotope separation device and the cascade formed by the isotope separation device have the advantages of simple equipment, simple process, no requirements of high temperature, high pressure and low temperature, short production time, flexible scale, cheap raw materials, low energy consumption, no pollution and the like.
Claims (10)
1. A nanometer bubble isotope separation method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: manufacture of nanobubbles
Mixing gas and liquid, and preparing the liquid containing nano bubbles by a nano bubble generator;
the grain diameter of the prepared nano bubbles is in the range of 50-500n, wherein the nano bubbles smaller than 200nm account for more than 70%; the density of the nano bubbles is 10 8 Air bubbleMore than one milliliter;
the second step: separation of isotopes
Pumping the liquid containing the nano bubbles prepared in the first step into a separation cylinder, wherein the isotope substances to be separated can be in the liquid or the nano bubbles; the nano bubbles rise in the cylinder along with the liquid and gradually fill the cylinder to form a flocculent liquid column of white bubbles;
the nanometer bubble contacts with the liquid in the ascending process in the separation cylinder, because the nanometer bubble has quantum characteristics, chemical reaction and isotope exchange occur in the contact process, heavier isotopes ascend along with the nanometer bubble, when the nanometer bubble ascends to a certain height, heavier isotope enriched products can be obtained, and lighter isotope enriched products are in the liquid phase of the separation cylinder, so that isotope separation is realized.
2. The nanobubble isotope separation method of claim 1, wherein: the liquid containing nano bubbles is air bubbles and CO 2 Air bubbles, H 2 Bubbles, NH 3 Air bubbles, SF 6 Air bubbles or UF 6 Bubbles, the liquid is water or water solution; the nanobubbles and/or the liquid contain isotope substances to be separated.
3. The nanobubble isotope separation method of claim 2, characterized in that: the isotope to be separated is one or more of carbon isotope, hydrogen isotope, oxygen isotope or lithium isotope.
4. The nanobubble isotope separation method of claim 3, wherein: the liquid containing nano bubbles is CO 2 Li of gas 2 SO 4 Solution, or containing CO 2 An aqueous solution of a gas.
5. The nanobubble isotope separation method of claim 1, wherein: the liquid containing nano bubbles is prepared by the nano bubble generator, and specifically, the bubbles are firstly crushed and dispersed to prepare the bubbles with the size of 0.1-100 microns, and then the pressure gas dissolving method is adopted to be matched to further prepare the bubbles with the size of 50-500 nm.
6. A nanometer bubble isotope separator, its characterized in that: the device is a nano bubble separation unit which comprises a nano bubble generator (1), a cylindrical nano bubble separator (2) and a material supplying and taking system;
wherein, the nano bubble generator (1) is connected with the nano bubble separator (2), gas and liquid are mixed to prepare liquid containing nano bubbles, and the prepared liquid containing nano bubbles enters the cylinder of the nano bubble separator (2) through a feeding port arranged in the middle of the cylinder of the nano bubble separator (2); the nano bubble-containing liquid has the nano bubble size within the range of 50-500 nanometers, and the nano bubbles and/or the liquid contain isotope substances to be separated;
the nano bubble separator (2) is also connected with a material supply and taking system, namely, the top and the bottom of a cylinder of the nano bubble separator (2) are respectively provided with a concentrate material taking port and a lean material taking port; the nano bubble separator (2) receives the liquid containing nano bubbles to realize separation of isotopes; the material supplying and taking system is respectively connected with the concentrate material taking port and the lean material taking port, and can directly collect the required isotope concentrated product.
7. The nanobubble isotope separation device of claim 6, wherein: the nano bubble generator comprises a two-phase flow mechanical pump and a pressure container tank, a gas supply source (6) and a liquid supply source (3) are respectively connected with an input port of the nano bubble generator (1), when gas and liquid are sucked into the two-phase flow mechanical pump, a fast rotating blade carried by the two-phase flow mechanical pump breaks the bubbles into micro bubbles, the micro bubbles enter the pressure container tank, the micro bubbles are further changed into nano bubbles through a pressure gas dissolving method, and then the liquid containing the nano bubbles is pumped into the middle part of a cylinder of the nano bubble separator (2) through the two-phase flow mechanical pump;
the main body of the nano bubble separator (2) is a cylinder, and the material supply and taking system comprises a concentrate material taking-out unit (4) and a lean material collecting unit (6); the upper part of the cylinder is communicated with a concentrate taking-out unit (4), the lower part of the cylinder is communicated with a lean material collecting unit (6), concentrate products, namely heavy isotope enriched products, are taken out from the upper part of the cylinder, and lean materials, namely light isotope enriched products, are taken out from the lower part of the cylinder;
the top of the cylinder of the nano bubble separator (2) is also connected with a gas catcher (7), the bottom of the cylinder is communicated with the nano bubble generator (1) through a pipeline, partial gas in the cylinder enters the gas catcher (7), and partial liquid flows back to the nano bubble generator (1).
8. A nanobubble isotope separation cascade, characterized by: forming a cascade by connecting a plurality of nanobubble separation units according to claim 6 or 7 in series or in parallel, thereby obtaining a more abundant isotope enriched product; the number of nanobubble separation units increases according to the requirement of abundance of the product.
9. The nanobubble isotope separation cascade of claim 8, wherein: the plurality of nano bubble separation units form a cascade in a serial or parallel connection mode, wherein the concentrate taken out from the upper part of the cylinder of the nano bubble separator (2) at the current stage is input into the nano bubble generator (1) at the previous stage as a feed, the barren material taken out from the lower part of the cylinder of the nano bubble separator (2) at the current stage returns into the nano bubble generator (1) at the next stage as the feed of the current stage, the barren material at the previous stage and the barren material at the next stage are input into the nano bubble generator (1) at the current stage together as the feed of the current stage, and the cascade is formed by the analogy.
10. The nanobubble isotope separation cascade of claim 9, wherein: 2-100 nanobubble separation units form a cascade in a serial or parallel connection mode.
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