CN112472333A

CN112472333A - Positioner for human bone surface reconstruction

Info

Publication number: CN112472333A
Application number: CN202011338823.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱晓明; 朱迪萌; 于滢
Original assignee: Guangzhou Hong Jian Bio Medical Products And Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Hong Jian Bio Medical Products And Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-25
Filing date: 2020-11-25
Publication date: 2021-03-12
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-25
Also published as: CN113813064A; CN113813064B; CN112472333B

Abstract

The invention relates to a locator for human bone surface reconstruction, belonging to the field of artificial repair of human bones such as flat bones, long bones, regular bones and the like, and used for being inserted into bone surfaces in a non-threaded mode, comprising: the columnar part is arranged to be columnar, a plurality of bulges are arranged on the peripheral surface of the columnar part, all the bulges are distributed along the length direction of the columnar part, adjacent bulges are arranged in a staggered mode, and scraping grooves for collecting bone meal are formed between the adjacent bulges; the pile head part is integrally formed with the columnar part and is made of hot melt materials which can be absorbed by human bodies, the pile head part is positioned at the nailing end of the columnar part, the pile head part is provided with a V-shaped groove, and the opening direction of the V-shaped groove is the same as the nailing direction of the pile head part; the V-shaped groove is used for bone residue aggregation; the mode that its straight line was nailed in can not cause the injury that the tapping formed to the bone hole lateral wall, and simultaneously, the design of the V-arrangement groove of stake head portion can gather the bone dregs, avoids the injury of bone dregs to the bone hole, and in addition, the design of scraping the groove can gather the bone meal on the bone hole lateral wall to avoid the bone meal to dissolve the hindrance of infiltration in-process at the locator.

Description

Positioner for human bone surface reconstruction

Technical Field

The invention relates to a positioner for reconstructing the surface of a human bone, and belongs to the field of artificial repair of human bones such as alveolar bones, skull bones, pelvic bones and the like.

Background

When a human body is easy to have bone fracture or tooth loss along with the growth of the age, the bone is often subjected to material exchange with human tissues in the fracture of the bone fracture or the alveolar bone after the tooth loss, but bone elements cannot be reserved in the fracture or the alveolar bone, so that the bone atrophy is easy to occur in the fracture position or the alveolar bone. The origin and effect of bone atrophy will be described below in detail, taking alveolar bone as an example.

Alveolar bone, also known as alveolar process, surrounds the jaw bone protrusion of the root of the tooth; the socket for accommodating teeth is called an alveolar socket, alveolar bones between two teeth are called alveolar spaces, and the interdental alveolar bones of a plurality of teeth are called interdental bones; the alveolar bone is the part of the lower edge of the maxilla and the upper edge of the mandible, which is embedded with the tooth root; alveolar process parts of the upper and lower jawbones, which are inherent alveolar bones close to the inner walls of tooth roots and periodontal ligament, are a layer of compact bone with meshes and are attached with periodontal ligament fibers; alveolar bone is the most variable part in the skeletal system of the whole body, and the change can reflect the reconstruction process of bone tissues; it grows with the growth and eruption of teeth, and develops well due to physiological functional stimulation; after loss of teeth, normal functional stimulation is lost and disuse atrophy can occur. Excessive irritation can also cause traumatic absorption.

When a human body grows with age and teeth fall off, alveolar bones are often deformed and alveolar bones are atrophied, and in this way, after the alveolar bones are deformed or atrophied, teeth cannot be directly planted on the original alveolar bones, because the planted teeth can cause secondary damage to the originally atrophied alveolar bones and cause the basal bodies of the planted teeth to fall off or collapse, after the alveolar bones are atrophied, the alveolar bones need to be rebuilt to thicken and shape the alveolar bones, so that the teeth can be planted after the conditions of the planted teeth are met, the existing alveolar bone repairing technology usually adopts a titanium mesh for shaping and repairing, the titanium mesh is usually fixed by screws, and in this way, the titanium mesh is taken out for secondary operation, and the tapping and screwing processes of the screws cause multiple damages to the fragile alveolar bones, and the patients cause secondary damage, therefore, there is no alveolar bone repair method available in the market that can be used without repeated surgery and does not cause damage to the existing alveolar bone.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the problem of fixing devices in the process of strengthening and thickening human bone surfaces, designs a positioner for reconstructing human bone surfaces, and the positioner can absorb and cannot cause repeated damage to atrophic human bone surfaces.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the invention discloses a locator for reconstructing human bone surface, which is used for being inserted into the bone surface in a non-threaded mode and comprises:

the columnar part is arranged to be columnar, a plurality of bulges are arranged on the peripheral surface of the columnar part, all the bulges are distributed along the length direction of the columnar part, adjacent bulges are arranged in a staggered mode, and scraping grooves for collecting bone meal are formed between the adjacent bulges;

the pile head part is integrally formed with the columnar part and is made of hot melt materials which can be absorbed by human bodies, the pile head part is positioned at the nailing end of the columnar part, the pile head part is provided with a V-shaped groove, and the opening direction of the V-shaped groove is the same as the nailing direction of the pile head part; the V-shaped groove is used for bone residue aggregation.

Optionally, a positioning hole is arranged at the tail end of the columnar part far away from the nailing end.

Optionally, the tail cap part is further included, and the tail cap part is arranged at the tail part of the columnar part and is integrally formed with the columnar part.

Optionally, a positioning hole is provided in the tail cap portion.

Optionally, the positioning hole is a positioning blind hole or a positioning through hole, and the positioning through hole is communicated with the V-shaped groove; the side wall of the positioning hole is embedded with a plurality of peripheral longitudinal pipes, the peripheral longitudinal pipes are used for heat dissipation, and the melting point of the peripheral longitudinal pipes is higher than that of the columnar part.

Optionally, the protrusion is square, rectangular, U-shaped, or concave-convex along the circumference of the columnar portion.

Optionally, the locators have different densities along the length direction thereof, and the density of the middle portion of the locator is less than the density of the two ends.

Optionally, the locator is made of polylactic acid and polymer materials thereof.

Optionally, the afterbody of locator is used for connecting preforming support, preforming support is used for thickening alveolar bone face, and preforming support includes horizontal flap portion, vertical base member portion and connects along the portion, and horizontal flap portion and vertical base member portion connect into the L font, connect along the portion setting in the border of vertical base member portion, should connect along the portion and be used for being connected with the locator, vertical base member portion can cover the jaw face region that the alveolus followed to root department on vertical, and horizontal base member portion can cover the jaw face region that the alveolus followed to root department on horizontal, forms the space that is used for the bone grafting filler to fill between the alveolar bone at preforming support.

Optionally, the longitudinal base portion is provided with an expansion portion protruding away from the filling space of the bone grafting filler; micro-pores for isolating cells and allowing nutrients to pass through are arranged on the preformed bracket; one surfaces of the longitudinal base body part and the transverse valve part facing to the jaw bone are rough bone surfaces, and one surfaces of the longitudinal base body part and the transverse valve part back to the jaw bone are smooth mucosa surfaces.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the positioner in the scheme adopts a non-threaded connection mode, so that one-time damage to a shrunken bone surface in a thread tapping process is avoided; meanwhile, secondary damage to the side wall of the bone hole caused by bone residues rotating along with the threads cannot exist, in addition, the positioning nail adopting the thread design is more prone to fracture, secondary punching is needed if the positioning nail is fractured, possible tertiary damage exists, if the positioning nail is designed to have the strength of thread tapping, the density of the positioning nail is inevitably higher, and fourth damage is inevitably caused by material expansion existing during dissolution; the design adopts the design of the nailing pile, the linear nailing mode of the nailing pile can not cause the injury formed by tapping on the side wall of the bone hole, meanwhile, the design of the V-shaped groove at the head part of the pile can gather bone residues, so that the injury of the bone residues to the bone hole is avoided, and in addition, the design of the scraping groove can gather the bone powder on the side wall of the bone hole, so that the obstruction of the bone powder in the dissolving and permeating process of the positioner is avoided;

2. in the scheme, the positioning holes and the protruding structures are of different structures, so that the positioning holes and the protruding structures have different combinations, and the positioning holes and the protruding structures are suitable for people with different bone conditions to select according to requirements; the shapes of the positioner for strengthening alveolar bone and bone surface at other positions are similar, and the possible difference is just the length, diameter and other dimensions of the positioner;

3. the material in the scheme is made of hot-melt materials such as polylactic acid and polymers thereof, and the effect of automatic absorption in one operation can be achieved;

4. the preformed support in the scheme has an L-shaped structural design, and both the transverse valve part and the longitudinal base body part of the preformed support have curved surface designs, so that the characteristic of a hyperboloid is formed, a supporting space with enough strength is provided for bone grafting materials, and the deformation strength and the tensile strength of the preformed support can be met; in addition, the material is also made of absorbable material, and the transverse valve part can be conveniently opened and used for implanting the effect of aggregate filling.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a capless retainer;

FIG. 2 is a density schematic of a capless retainer;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a pile head of the positioner;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a pile head with compensating grooves;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a capped retainer;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a capped retainer;

FIG. 7 is a view of the structure of the tail cap portion;

FIG. 8 is a density schematic of a capped retainer;

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a capped retainer with retaining channels;

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a preform holder;

FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of a preformed stent taken through the thickness thereof;

FIG. 12 is a view showing a state of use of the row stand;

FIG. 13 is another use state diagram of the row stand;

FIG. 14 is a structural view of a unit plate;

FIG. 15 is a side view of the cell plate;

FIG. 16 is a block diagram of an ultrasonic welder.

Reference numerals: 1-positioner, 101-positioning blind hole, 102-tail cap part, 103-columnar part, 104-scraping groove, 105-pile head part, 106-V-shaped groove, 107-peripheral longitudinal pipe, 108-bone slag stacking layer, 109-bone slag stacking layer, 110-compensation groove, 111-positioning through hole, 2-row bracket, 201-buccal side frame plate, 202-lingual side frame plate, 203-unit plate, 204-buckle part, 205-side arm, 206-axial column part, 207-waist-shaped hole groove, 208-micropore, 209-valve part, 210-base plate, 3-dental implant base body, 4-bone implant filler, 5-alveolar bone, 6-preformed bracket, 601-transverse valve part, 602-longitudinal base body part, 603-connecting edge part, 604-bone surface, 605-stud portion, 606-mucosa surface, 607-micropore, 608-containing portion, 7-ultrasonic welding machine, 701-welding machine body, 702-buccal propeller, 703-lingual shaper, 704-first lingual propeller, 705-second lingual propeller, 706-buccal shaper (706).

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-4, the cap-less locator 1 of the invention comprises a column part 103 and a pile head part 105, wherein the column part 103 and the pile head part 105 are made of a special material, which needs to have the characteristics of being decomposable and absorbable by human body and simultaneously has the characteristics of hot melting, plasticity and the like, and the material can be polylactic acid and the polymer material thereof.

As shown in fig. 1 or 3, the circumferential side wall of the columnar part 103 is provided with protrusions in different directions, adjacent protrusions are protruded in different directions to form staggered layers, and scraping grooves 104 are formed between the staggered layers, and the scraping grooves 104 can scrape and collect bone meal on the side wall of the bone hole.

The protrusion of the above columnar portion 103 may be designed to be square, rectangular, U-shaped, or concave-convex shape along the circumferential direction, so that different shapes may be selected according to actual needs, so that the columnar portion 103 can have stronger holding force after being inserted into the bone hole, thereby promoting the penetration of the columnar portion 103 into the bone gap after being melted.

As shown in fig. 1 or 3, the pile head 105 is in a dovetail shape or V-shape, a V-shaped groove 106 is arranged at the pile head 105, the opening direction of the V-shaped groove 106 is the same as the nailing direction of the positioner 1, and the V-shaped groove 106 can gather bone residues left in the bone hole to form a bone residue pile layer 108.

As shown in fig. 1, a blind positioning hole 101 is further provided at the tail of the columnar portion 103, and the blind positioning hole 101 is used for connecting a specific tool, which can be inserted into the blind positioning hole 101 and connected with the positioner 1.

When the locator 1 is used, bone holes are required to be formed on the buccal side or the lingual side of the alveolar bone 5 by using a drill, the bone holes formed on the buccal side face the lingual side, the bone holes formed on the lingual side face the bone side, and bone residues and bone powder are remained in the bone holes; the locator 1 is pushed into a bone hole under the pushing of a tool, and the locator 1 is not rotated in the process of being nailed into the bone hole, at the moment, the protrusion of the staggered structure of the columnar part 103 can scrape and collect bone powder on the side wall of the bone hole to the scraping and collecting groove 104; meanwhile, the dovetail shape at the pile head part 105 can gather bone residues to the V-shaped groove 106 to form a bone residue pile layer 108 in the nailing process; the bone residues are gathered to prevent the positioner 1 from pushing to drive the bone residues to rotate or rub the side wall of the bone hole so as to cause repeated injury to the alveolar bone 5 in the process of nailing the positioner 1.

Example 2

Not shown in the figure, a plurality of peripheral longitudinal pipes 107 are embedded in the side wall of the positioning blind hole 101, and the peripheral longitudinal pipes 107 are communicated with the positioning blind hole 101 and the circumferential side wall of the positioner 1; the thermal melting point of the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is higher than that of the locator 1, and the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is also made of a material which can be dissolved and absorbed in the human body, and the melting temperature of the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is higher than the welding temperature of the locator 1; so as to accelerate the cooling speed of the positioner 1 after welding, the diameter of the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is generally selected to be 0.01-0.03 mm.

As shown in fig. 4, a compensation groove 110 is provided at the rear side of the pile head 105, the compensation groove 110 is used for facilitating the opening of the V-shaped groove 106, when the bone residue pile layer 108 of the V-shaped groove 106 is formed, the bone residue pile layer 108 can push the two sides of the dovetail-shaped pile head 105 to open oppositely, the compensation groove 110 can facilitate the compensation of the opening of the pile head 105, and the opened pile head 105 can expand radially to fix the positioner 1.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 2-9, a cap locator 1 of the present invention comprises a column portion 103, a pile head portion 105 and a tail cap portion 102; the column part 103, the pile head part 105 and the tail cap part 102 are integrally made of special materials, the pile head part 105 and the tail cap part 102 are respectively connected with the front end and the rear end of the column part 103, and the special materials need to have the characteristics of being decomposable and absorbed by the human body and simultaneously have the characteristics of hot melting, plasticity and the like.

As shown in fig. 5 or 9, the circumferential side wall of the columnar part 103 is provided with protrusions in different directions, and adjacent protrusions are protruded in different directions to form staggered layers, and scraping grooves 104 are formed between the staggered layers, and the scraping grooves 104 can scrape bone powder on the side wall of the bone hole; the projection may be designed as a square, rectangle, U-shape, or a circumferentially concave-convex shape, etc.

As shown in fig. 3 or 4, the pile head 105 is in a dovetail shape or V-shape, a V-shaped groove 106 is arranged at the pile head 105, the opening direction of the V-shaped groove 106 is the same as the nailing direction of the positioner 1, and the V-shaped groove 106 can gather the bone residues left in the bone hole to form a bone residue pile layer 108.

As shown in fig. 4, a compensation groove 110 is provided at the rear side of the pile head 105, and after the formation of the bone cement pile 108 of the V-shaped groove 106, the bone cement pile 108 can push the two sides of the dovetail-shaped pile head 105 to expand and expand oppositely to fix the retainer 1, and the compensation groove 110 can compensate the expansion of the pile head 105.

As shown in fig. 7, the diameter of the tail cap portion 102 is larger than that of the column portion 103, and a blind positioning hole 101 is further provided at the tail of the tail cap portion 102, and the blind positioning hole 101 is used for connecting a specific tool so as to guide the driving direction of the positioner 1.

As shown in fig. 7, a plurality of peripheral longitudinal pipes 107 are embedded in the side wall of the positioning blind hole 101, and the peripheral longitudinal pipes 107 communicate the positioning blind hole 101 with the circumferential side wall of the positioner 1; the thermal melting point of the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is higher than that of the locator 1, and the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is also made of a material which can be dissolved and absorbed in the human body, and the melting temperature of the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is higher than the welding temperature of the locator 1; so as to accelerate the cooling speed of the positioner 1 after welding, the diameter of the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is generally selected to be 0.01-0.03 mm.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 1-9, a positioner 1 of the present invention comprises a column portion 103, a pile head portion 105; the pile head 105 is attached to the leading end of the columnar portion 103 and constitutes the cap-less retainer 1 in embodiment 1, and the tail cap portion 102 may be attached to the trailing end of the columnar portion 103 to constitute the cap-equipped retainer 1 in embodiment 3.

Projections in different directions are arranged on the circumferential side wall of the columnar part 103, staggered layers are formed by adjacent projections in different directions, scraping grooves 104 are formed between staggered layers, and the scraping grooves 104 can scrape bone powder on the side wall of the bone hole; the projection may be designed as a square, rectangle, U-shape, or a circumferentially concave-convex shape, etc.

The pile head 105 is in a dovetail shape or a V shape, a V-shaped groove 106 is arranged at the pile head 105, the opening direction of the V-shaped groove 106 is the same as the nailing direction of the positioner 1, and the V-shaped groove 106 can gather residual bone slag in a bone hole to form a bone slag pile layer 108.

A positioning through hole 111 is provided in the fixture 1, and the positioning through hole 111 communicates with the V-shaped groove 106 at the pile head 105, so that the bone cement pile 108 can be removed from the positioning through hole 111, thereby preventing the bone cement pile 108 from being affected during the restoration of the alveolar bone 5.

Example 5

The circumferential side wall of the columnar part 103 is provided with protrusions in different directions, the adjacent protrusions form staggered layers in different directions, a scraping collecting groove 104 is formed between the staggered layers, the scraping collecting groove 104 can scrape bone meal on the side wall of a bone hole, the pile head part 105 is in a dovetail shape or a V shape, a V-shaped groove 106 is arranged at the position of the pile head part 105, and the opening direction of the V-shaped groove 106 is the same as the nailing direction of the positioner 1.

The locator 1 has different densities along the length direction, and the density of the two ends of the locator 1 is greater than the density of the middle of the locator 1, namely, different density areas are arranged along the length direction of the locator 1, the density of the end part of the locator 1 is greater than the density of the middle part, the characteristic is matched with that the surface layer bone density of the alveolar bone 5 is greater than the inner layer bone density, and the locator 1 can also be provided with 3-5 density areas with different densities to realize the gradual change of the density; therefore, the dissolving speed of the positioner 1 along different parts of the length direction is different, and the positioning can be guaranteed while the nail-shaped positioner is accelerated to dissolve more quickly.

Example 6

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the present invention discloses a pre-formed stent 6 for a single tooth, the pre-formed stent 6 is integrally formed of a special material which is required to have characteristics of being decomposable and absorbable by the human body, and simultaneously should have characteristics of hot melting and plasticity; the material can be polylactic acid and polymer material thereof.

The preforming bracket 6 is in an L-shaped structure, and the preforming bracket 6 comprises a transverse flap part 601, a longitudinal base part 602 and a connecting edge part 603; the transverse flap part 601 forms a transverse part of an L-shaped structure, the longitudinal base body part 602 forms a vertical part of the L-shaped structure, the transverse flap part 601 is connected to the upper part of the longitudinal base body part 602, the lower edge of the longitudinal base body part 602 is V-shaped, the connecting edge part 603 is arranged at the V-shaped edge of the longitudinal base body part 602, the transverse flap part 601 can extend from the buccal side of the alveolar bone 5 to the alveolar edge at the outer side from the outside to the inside, or the lingual side transverse flap part 601 can extend from the lingual side of the alveolar bone 5 to the alveolar edge at the inner side from the lingual side to the outside; the upper part of the longitudinal base part 602 is connected with the transverse flap part 601, and the lower side of the longitudinal base part 602 extends downwards to the mandible surface or the maxilla surface, so that a space for filling the bone grafting material can be formed between the inner side of the preformed bracket 6 and the mandible and the maxilla.

When the capless positioner 1 is used for connection, firstly, bone holes are formed in the maxilla or the mandible, then the capless positioner 1 is nailed into the bone holes, then the preformed bracket 6 is attached to the capless positioner 1, the inner side of the connecting edge part 603 of the preformed bracket 6 is attached to the tail part of the capless positioner 1, and then the attaching positions are welded together through the ultrasonic welding machine 7.

When the cap type positioner 1 is used for connection, bone holes are formed in the maxilla or the mandible firstly, then holes corresponding to the positions of the bone holes are formed in the connecting edge portion 603 of the preformed bracket 6, and the cap type positioner 1 penetrates through the preformed bracket 6 and is nailed into the bone holes, so that the preformed bracket 6 is fixed to the mandible or the maxilla.

Example 7

As shown in fig. 11, the present invention discloses a pre-formed stent 6 for a single tooth, the pre-formed stent 6 is integrally made of a special material. The preforming bracket 6 is in an L-shaped structure, and the preforming bracket 6 comprises a transverse flap part 601, a longitudinal base part 602 and a connecting edge part 603; the transverse flap part 601 forms a transverse part of the L-shaped structure, the longitudinal base part 602 forms a vertical part of the L-shaped structure, the connecting edge part 603 is arranged at the edge of the longitudinal base part 602, the transverse flap part 601 can extend from the buccal side of the alveolar bone 5 to the outer alveolar edge from the outside to the inside, or the lingual side transverse flap part 601 can extend from the lingual side of the alveolar bone 5 to the inner alveolar edge from the outside to the inside; the upper part of the longitudinal base part 602 is connected with the transverse flap part 601, the lower side of the longitudinal base part 602 extends downwards to the mandible surface or the maxilla surface, and a space for filling bone grafting material is formed between the inner side of the preformed bracket 6 and the mandible and the maxilla.

The inner side surface of the preformed support 6 is a bone surface 604 contacting the bone grafting material, the outer side surface of the preformed support 6 is a mucosa surface 606, the bone surface 604 is polished to be rough, the roughness Ra is 1.6-3.2 microns, so that the reliability of the connection between the bone grafting material and the preformed support 6 is ensured, and meanwhile, in order to further improve the connection firmness, a convex pile part 605 can be arranged on the bone surface 604; the mucosal surface 606 is polished smooth.

The preformed support 6 is provided with a plurality of micropores 607, the micropores 607 are communicated with the inner side and the outer side of the preformed support 6, the pore diameter of the micropores 607 is 0.05-0.1mm, the micropores 607 are used for preventing external cells from entering the bone grafting material and not blocking the passing of nutrient substances, and the filtering effect of movement is achieved.

The longitudinal base 602 has an outward convex curved expansion 608 in the middle, and the expansion 608 protrudes out of the longitudinal base 602, so that a larger space for filling bone grafting material is formed inside the preformed frame 6.

The preformed bracket 6 in the embodiment is used for a bone surface strengthening and thickening hand at the outer side or the inner side of a single tooth of an alveolar bone, but a bracket with a corresponding shape needs to be designed according to the shape of the atrophy of the bone surface or the original bone surface shape if other bone surface positions need to be introduced; the shapes of the locator of the strengthening alveolar bone and the bone surface at other positions are similar, and the possible differences are just the length, the diameter and other dimensions of the locator.

Example 8

As shown in fig. 12-15, the invention discloses a multi-tooth row-shaped bracket 2, the row-shaped bracket 2 is long, the row-shaped bracket 2 is formed by splicing a plurality of unit plates 203 along the length direction, each unit plate 203 comprises a base plate, a side arm 205, a shaft column part 206 and a buckle part 204, the base plate is arc-shaped, the side arm 205 is arranged at the left side of the base plate, the buckle part 204 is arranged at the right side of the base plate, the shaft column part 206 is arranged on the side arm 205, and the inner side of the unit plate 203 is provided with a waist-shaped hole slot; when the two unit plates 203 are butted, the side arm 205 at the left side of one unit plate 203 penetrates into the buckle part 204 of the other unit plate 203 and then enters into the waist-shaped hole slot which enables the shaft column part 206 to be inserted into the other unit plate 203.

After the two unit plates 203 are spliced, the unit plates 203 can rotate relative to the other unit plate 203 by a certain angle, the rotation angle is generally 0-10 degrees, and the two unit plates 203 can move close to or away from each other, and the movable distance of the two unit plates 203 is limited by the length of the kidney-shaped hole slot, namely, the movable distance of the shaft column part 206 in the kidney-shaped hole slot is the movable distance between the two unit plates 203.

In addition, the buckle part 204 and the side arm 205 are connected to the inner side of the base plate instead of the side edge, so that the problem of uneven height or overlarge gap after the two unit plates 203 are spliced does not occur.

The upper edge of the base plate is provided with a valve part which can extend inwards and abut against the alveolar edge, and at the moment, a space for filling bone grafting materials can be formed between the mandible surface and the base plate.

The substrate is provided with a plurality of micropores 607, the micropores 607 are connected with the inner side and the outer side of the substrate, the pore diameter of the micropores 607 is 0.05-0.1mm, the micropores 607 are used for preventing external cells from entering the bone grafting material and not blocking the passing of nutrient substances, and the filtering function of movement is achieved.

When the cap-free type positioner 1 is used for connecting the row-shaped brackets 2, bone holes are formed in the maxilla or the mandible firstly, then the cap-free type positioner 1 is nailed into the bone holes, then the row-shaped brackets 2 are spliced to a proper length and attached to the cap-free type positioner 1, the inner side of the edge of the row-shaped brackets 2 is attached to the tail of the cap-free type positioner 1, and then the attachment positions are welded together through the ultrasonic welding machine 7.

When the cap-type positioner 1 is used for connecting the row-shaped bracket 2, bone holes are firstly formed in the maxilla or the mandible, then the row-shaped bracket 2 is provided with holes corresponding to the positions of the bone holes, and the cap-type positioner 1 penetrates through the row-shaped bracket 2 and is nailed into the bone holes, so that the row-shaped bracket 2 is fixed to the mandible or the maxilla.

After the cap-type positioner 1 or the cap-free positioner 1 is connected with the row-shaped bracket 2, the dental implant base body is required to be inserted into the alveolar socket, then bone grafting materials are poured into the gap space among the alveolar bone 5, the row-shaped bracket 2 and the dental implant base body, the valve part is only required to be pulled open when the bone grafting materials are poured, and the valve part is restored after the pouring is finished.

Example 9

As shown in fig. 16, the present invention discloses an ultrasonic welding machine 7, the ultrasonic welding machine 7 comprises a welding machine body 701 and a buccal side propeller 702, a lingual side shaper 703, a second lingual side propeller 705, a first lingual side propeller 704 and a buccal side shaper 706 which are respectively connected with the welding machine body 701, the ultrasonic welding machine 7 is an ultrasonic generator, transducers for low frequency vibration are arranged in the buccal side propeller 702, the second lingual side propeller 705 and the lingual side propeller, and the buccal side propeller 702, the second lingual side propeller 705 and the first lingual side propeller 704 are used for connecting a locator 1 and pushing the locator 1 into a bone hole; high frequency vibration transducers are arranged on the cheek-side shaper 706 and the lingual-side shaper 703, and the cheek-side shaper 706 and the lingual-side shaper 703 function to weld the contact positions of the row of brackets 2 or the retainer 1 together.

The buccal propeller 702 has a conical working tip, the buccal shaper 706 has a convex disc-shaped working head, the lingual shaper 703, the second lingual pusher 705, and the first lingual pusher 704 have barb-shaped working heads, wherein the working head of the lingual shaper 703 has a circular arc shape, the working head of the second lingual pusher 705 has a receptacle for inserting the capless retainer 1, and the working head of the first lingual pusher 704 has a t-shape.

The steps of the artificial reconstruction of the alveolar bone 5 by using the cap type locator 1 are as follows:

1. drilling a plurality of bone holes on the jawbone around the surgical site by using a bone drill;

2. taking the first lingual thruster 704 and the buccal thruster 702 for standby;

3. forming holes in the connecting edge part 603 of the preformed bracket 6, wherein the hole forming positions need to correspond to bone holes one by one, fixing the capped locator 1 on the working tip of the buccal propeller 702, and placing the capped locator 1 in the holes formed in the periphery of the preformed bracket 6;

4. inserting each fixture 1 into a corresponding bone hole, and pushing the fixture 1 in using the first lingual pusher 704 or the buccal pusher 702;

5. form three-dimensional space between preforming support 6 and human jaw bone face, fill in commercially available bone grafting material in three-dimensional space, form the early structure of preforming bone, after bone grafting material becomes the bone and preforming support 6 and locator 1 rather than dissolving as an organic whole, accomplish alveolar bone 5 artificial reconstruction promptly.

The steps when using the cap-free type locator 1 to carry out the artificial reconstruction of the alveolar bone 5 are as follows:

2. taking a first lingual propeller 704, a buccal propeller 702, a buccal shaper 706 and a lingual shaper 703 for standby;

3. fixing the cap-less fixture 1 on the tip of the buccal-side pusher 702 or the second lingual-side pusher 705, inserting each fixture 1 into the corresponding bone hole, and pushing the fixture 1 using the second lingual-side pusher 705 or the buccal-side pusher 702;

4. the joining edge portion 603 of the preform frame 6 is attached to each of the uncapped retainers 1 and welded by the cheek-side swage 706 and the tongue-side swage 703, so that the retainers 1 are joined to the preform frame 6.

The above examples are merely examples for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the embodiments; other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A fixture for human facet reconstruction for non-threaded insertion into an alveolar bone (5), comprising:

the bone powder collecting device comprises a columnar part (103), a plurality of bulges are arranged on the peripheral surface of the columnar part (103), all the bulges are distributed along the length direction of the columnar part (103), adjacent bulges are arranged in a staggered mode, and scraping grooves (104) for collecting bone powder are formed between the adjacent bulges;

the pile head part (105) is integrally formed with the columnar part (103) and is made of a hot melt material which can be absorbed by a human body, the pile head part (105) is positioned at the nailing end of the columnar part (103), a V-shaped groove (106) is arranged on the pile head part (105), and the opening direction of the V-shaped groove (106) is the same as the nailing direction of the pile head part (105); the V-shaped groove (106) is used for bone residue aggregation.

2. A fixture for human bone resurfacing according to claim 1, wherein a positioning hole is provided at a trailing end of said columnar portion (103) away from the nailing end.

3. A positioner for human bone resurfacing according to claim 1, further comprising a tail cap portion (102), the tail cap portion (102) being arranged aft of the post portion (103) and being arranged integrally with the post portion (103).

4. A positioner for use in human bone resurfacing according to claim 3, characterised in that a locating hole is provided in the tail cap portion (102).

5. The positioner for human bone resurfacing according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the positioning hole is a blind positioning hole (101) or a through positioning hole (111), and the through positioning hole (111) is communicated with the V-shaped groove (106); the side wall of the positioning hole is embedded with a plurality of peripheral longitudinal pipes (107), and the peripheral longitudinal pipes (107) are used for heat dissipation and have higher melting points than the columnar parts (103).

6. A fixture for human bone resurfacing according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion has a square, rectangular, U-shape or a concavo-convex shape which is concavo-convex along the circumference of the columnar portion (103).

7. A fixture for human bone resurfacing according to claim 1, wherein the fixture (1) has different densities along its length, and the density of the middle part of the fixture (1) is less than the densities of the two ends.

8. The fixture for human bone resurfacing of claim 1, wherein the fixture (1) is selected from polylactic acid and its polymer material.

9. The fixture for human bone resurfacing of one of claims 1-4 and 5-8, characterized in that the tail part of the positioner (1) is used for connecting a preforming bracket (6), the preformed support is used for thickening alveolar bone, the preformed support (6) comprises a transverse valve part (601), a longitudinal base body part (602) and a connecting edge part (603), the transverse valve part (601) and the longitudinal base body part (602) are connected into an L shape, the connecting edge part (603) is arranged at the edge of the longitudinal base body part (602), the connecting edge part (603) is used for connecting with the positioner (1), the longitudinal base body part (602) can vertically cover the jaw bone surface area from the tooth groove edge to the tooth root, the transverse base body part can transversely cover the jaw bone surface area from the tooth groove edge to the tooth root, a space for filling the bone grafting filler (4) is formed between the preformed bracket (6) and the alveolar bone (5).

10. The fixture for human bone resurfacing of claim 9, wherein the longitudinal base portion (602) is provided with an expansion portion (608) protruding away from the filling space of the bone graft filler (4); micro-pores (607) for isolating cells and allowing nutrients to pass through are arranged on the preformed bracket (6); one surfaces of the longitudinal base body part (602) and the transverse valve part (601) facing to the jaw bone are rough bone surfaces (604), and one surfaces of the longitudinal base body part (602) and the transverse valve part (601) back to the jaw bone are smooth mucosa surfaces (606).