CN112467178A - Vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen supply system taking iron powder as fuel - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen supply system taking iron powder as fuel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112467178A CN112467178A CN201910847183.3A CN201910847183A CN112467178A CN 112467178 A CN112467178 A CN 112467178A CN 201910847183 A CN201910847183 A CN 201910847183A CN 112467178 A CN112467178 A CN 112467178A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- fuel cell
- outlet
- iron powder
- inlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- UJGOCJFDDHOGRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Fe]O Chemical compound [Fe]O UJGOCJFDDHOGRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- -1 and in the prior art Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
- B60L50/72—Constructional details of fuel cells specially adapted for electric vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen supply system taking iron powder as fuel, which comprises a galvanic pile provided with a cathode inlet, an anode inlet, a cathode outlet and an anode outlet, and is characterized by also comprising a hydrogen generation pipeline for introducing water discharged from the cathode outlet or the anode outlet, wherein the hydrogen generation pipeline is provided with a plurality of first steel cylinders which are connected in parallel and store the iron powder and hydrogen, and the hydrogen generation pipeline is communicated to the anode inlet of the galvanic pile after the first steel cylinders are connected in parallel. The invention produces hydrogen by circulating the water produced by the galvanic pile, thereby not only avoiding the direct discharge of the product, but also ensuring the clean and efficient hydrogen production process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vehicle-mounted fuel cell, in particular to a vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen supply system taking iron powder as fuel.
Background
Fuel cell vehicles are generally considered to be an ideal vehicle for transportation in the future. At present, proton exchange membrane fuel cells per se tend to be technically mature, but the problem of providing hydrogen for fuel cell vehicles is not well solved.
Traditionally, there are several methods for vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply:
1. and (3) reforming the methanol to produce hydrogen. This method has a high hydrogen supply density, but requires a high temperature for the reforming reaction, and the reformed gas contains a small amount of CO, which causes poisoning of the stack catalyst, and CO is difficult to remove by an economical method, so this method is not basically adopted at present.
2. The metal hydrolyzes to produce hydrogen, and active metal such as aluminum, magnesium and the like reacts with water to produce hydrogen in real time. Although the method is feasible in principle, hydrolysis products of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide cannot be economically reduced into corresponding metals, and the method can only be used once, so that the civil cost is too high.
3. The organic liquid stores hydrogen. Although the hydrogen storage density of the liquid can reach about 5.8 wt%, a high-temperature dehydrogenation device needs to be installed on a vehicle, and two fuel tanks need to be installed to respectively load the raw material and the dehydrogenation product, so that the system is large in size and is not suitable for being used on the vehicle.
4. Metal hydrides store hydrogen. The method is safe and has large volume hydrogen storage density, but the weight hydrogen storage density is only about 2 wt%, a heating and cooling device is needed, the internal structure is complex, and hydrogen storage alloy is difficult to be fully utilized, so the method is rarely adopted at present.
5. Liquid hydrogen. The hydrogen liquefaction needs to be cooled to below-253 ℃, consumes a large amount of energy, has high volatilization speed, and is not suitable for being used on vehicles.
6. The high-pressure gas cylinder stores hydrogen, the highest pressure can reach more than 70MPa, and the hydrogen storage density can reach about 6 wt%. This is currently the mainstream on-board hydrogen supply method. However, the method has low volume hydrogen storage density, occupies large space in the vehicle and has the risks of combustion, explosion and high pressure in the filling and running processes. Moreover, the construction of a hydrogenation station is expensive, and hydrogenation is extremely inconvenient, which hinders the widespread use of fuel cell vehicles.
The utilization of iron oxide for hydrogen storage is one direction of current hydrogen storage material research, wherein the hydrogen generation principle is as follows: 3Fe +4H2O→Fe3O4+4H2The storage principle is as follows: fe3O4+4H2→3Fe+4H2And O, repeatedly cycling the two processes. The equivalent hydrogen storage density is up to 4.85 wt%, which is more than 2 times of the hydrogen storage alloy, and the equivalent hydrogen storage density is equivalent to the hydrogen storage alloy in terms of volume hydrogen storage density, and is a high-pressure tank storageAbout 2 times of hydrogen. Has the advantages of small volume and high hydrogen storage density.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC), Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells (PAFC), and asbestos membrane Alkaline Fuel Cells (AFC) are common fuel cells, all of which require hydrogen as a raw material and also produce water, and in the prior art, water produced by a stack reaction is directly discharged outside the system, and no device capable of reacting the product water and releasing hydrogen again is available, so that it is necessary to develop a vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen supply system which has a simple structure, releases hydrogen from the stack product water, has a high hydrogen storage density, and uses iron powder as fuel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the background technology and provide a vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen supply system which has a simple structure, decomposes water produced by a galvanic pile to release hydrogen and has high hydrogen storage density and takes iron powder as fuel.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen supply system taking iron powder as fuel comprises a galvanic pile provided with a cathode inlet, an anode inlet, a cathode outlet and an anode outlet, and is characterized by further comprising a hydrogen generation pipeline for introducing water discharged from the cathode outlet or the anode outlet, wherein a plurality of first steel cylinders which are connected in parallel and store the iron powder and hydrogen are arranged on the hydrogen generation pipeline, and the hydrogen generation pipeline is communicated to the anode inlet of the galvanic pile after the first steel cylinders are connected in parallel.
Preferably, the hydrogen generation pipeline comprises a front end pipeline, a plurality of hydrogen generation branch pipes divided from the rear end of the front end pipeline, and a rear end pipeline formed by the hydrogen generation branch pipes after being converged, each first steel cylinder is positioned on each hydrogen generation branch pipe, and a first sensor for detecting the moisture content is arranged behind the first steel cylinder on each hydrogen generation branch pipe.
Preferably, the first steel cylinder comprises a shell body forming a cylindrical sealing cavity, a heat preservation layer is arranged on the surface of the shell body, a first sealing end cover and a second sealing end cover are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell body, an air inlet pipe is arranged on the first sealing end cover, a heating pipe with adjustable temperature is arranged in the shell body of the air inlet pipe, and an air outlet pipe is arranged on the second sealing end cover.
Furthermore, an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve are respectively arranged on the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, the heating pipe is in a spiral coil shape wound on the surface of the air inlet pipe, and a power line penetrating through the first sealing end cover to the outside of the shell is arranged on the heating pipe.
Preferably, the fuel cell further comprises a storage battery connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electric pile in parallel, and the electric pile is a phosphoric acid fuel cell electric pile, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell electric pile or an alkaline fuel cell electric pile.
Furthermore, when the galvanic pile is a phosphoric acid fuel cell galvanic pile or a proton exchange membrane fuel cell galvanic pile, the cathode outlet is provided with a separator capable of separating air and water, the separator is provided with an air outlet, a water outlet and a water outlet connected with a hydrogen generation pipeline inlet, the anode outlet is provided with a residual hydrogen discharge pipeline, and the residual hydrogen discharge pipeline is provided with a first hydrogen circulating pump leading to the anode inlet after being combined with the hydrogen generation pipeline at the rear of the parallel connection position of the plurality of first steel cylinders.
Further, when the stack is an alkaline fuel cell stack, the hydrogen generation pipeline inlet is connected to the anode outlet, the hydrogen generation pipeline is provided with a first hydrogen circulating pump after a plurality of first steel cylinders are connected in parallel and leads to the anode inlet, the cathode inlet is provided with an air inlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe is provided with a carbon dioxide removing device and an air compressor along the air inlet direction.
Preferably, the iron powder regeneration device is positioned outside the vehicle and comprises a regeneration pipeline with an inlet connected with the hydrogen source, and a heater, a second circulating pump and a plurality of parallel Fe-stored iron powder regeneration devices which are sequentially arranged on the regeneration pipeline along the air inlet direction3O4The regeneration pipeline is provided with a third circulating pump and a pressure swing adsorption separator which are connected in parallel behind the second steel cylinder and are communicated with the inlet of the regeneration pipeline.
Furthermore, the regeneration pipeline comprises a front air inlet pipeline connected with the hydrogen source, a plurality of regeneration branches divided by the front air inlet pipeline and a rear exhaust pipeline formed after the regeneration branches are converged, each second steel cylinder is positioned on each regeneration branch, and a second sensor for detecting the moisture content or the temperature is arranged behind each regeneration branch on each regeneration branch.
Furthermore, the pressure swing adsorption separator is provided with a mixed gas inlet, a hydrogen outlet and a water vapor outlet, and is communicated with the regeneration pipeline through the mixed inlet and the hydrogen outlet.
In the invention, the iron powder stored in the first steel cylinder is in a shape of a sheet made by die pressing or is added with a small amount of Al (OH)3The colloidal solution is made into granules. The flaky or granular iron powder has a three-dimensional size of 5-20 mm, preferably 10mm, a porosity of 40-50%, and a certain strength, ensures that the iron powder is not crushed greatly in the subsequent circulation process, and the gaps among the granules are convenient for the free diffusion and circulation of water vapor or hydrogen in the steel cylinder.
The first steel cylinder and the second steel cylinder have the same structure, and are different in that the storage object in the first steel cylinder is iron powder and hydrogen in the initial state, and the storage object in the second steel cylinder is Fe3O4。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the product water of the galvanic pile is reacted by a plurality of steel cylinders to generate hydrogen which is sent to the anode inlet of the galvanic pile to form circulation. According to the invention, hydrogen is produced by circulating the water produced by the galvanic pile, so that direct discharge of the product is avoided, and the hydrogen production process is clean and efficient.
2. A plurality of steel cylinders are connected in parallel, the iron powder exhaustion (the water content is more than or equal to a set value) in the steel cylinders can be sensed by the first sensor, and the steel cylinders are switched to other steel cylinders, so that the power system can run uninterruptedly. The heating pipe in the steel cylinder controls the water vapor to reach the reaction temperature with the iron powder, and the reaction is fully carried out.
3. A storage battery is connected in parallel with the electric pile in the system, and aims to provide initial power for starting the vehicle, provide additional power for ascending or accelerating the vehicle during operation and absorb energy when the vehicle descends, decelerates and brakes. When the vehicle is temporarily stopped (for example, in the case of a red light), the fuel cell does not stop operating, but the battery is charged. The fuel cell is not shut down until the destination is reached. Thus, the fuel cell is basically in a constant power output state when in operation, which is very beneficial to simplifying the design of a fuel cell system and improving the reliability and the service life of the electric pile.
4. When the vehicle is running, after the iron powder in the steel cylinder is detected to be converted, the steel cylinder is taken off from the vehicle and sent to a special factory, the high-temperature hydrogen is introduced into the iron powder regenerating device, and the iron oxide in the cylinder is reduced into iron. The regenerated steel cylinder is transported to each replacement point for vehicle replacement.
5. The invention has high hydrogen storage density, no risk of combustion, explosion and high pressure, high safety of vehicles, short steel cylinder replacement time, no dependence on a hydrogen charging station and better convenience. And also on board ships.
6. The fuel cell vehicle adopting the invention is quiet and environment-friendly in operation. Meanwhile, the cost of the steel cylinder is far lower than that of the existing high-pressure gas cylinder. In terms of hydrogen supply, the steel cylinder can be stored in common places such as shops and houses because the safety of the steel cylinder is higher than that of a gas cylinder; expensive hydrogenation stations do not need to be built, and the steel cylinder transportation has higher safety, lower consumption and lower cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a gas cylinder
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an iron powder regenerating apparatus
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen supply system when the stack is a phosphoric acid fuel cell stack
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen supply system when the stack is a PEM fuel cell stack
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen supply system when the stack is an alkaline fuel cell stack
Wherein: 1-galvanic pile (11-cathode inlet 12-anode inlet 13-cathode outlet 14-anode outlet) 2-separator 3-hydrogen generation pipeline (31-front end pipeline 32-exhaust branch 33-rear end pipeline) 4-first steel cylinder (41-shell 42-heat preservation layer 43-first sealing end cover 44-second sealing end cover 45-air inlet pipe 46-heating pipe 47-air outlet pipe 48-air inlet valve 49-air outlet valve 461-power line) 5-first hydrogen circulating pump 6-first sensor 7-residual hydrogen discharge pipeline 8-storage battery 9-mixed exhaust pipe 10-regeneration pipeline (101-front air inlet pipeline 102-regeneration branch 103-rear exhaust pipeline) 15-heater 16-second circulating pump 17-second steel cylinder 18-third circulating pump 19-adsorption and pressure separation The device comprises a separator (191-a mixed air inlet 192-a hydrogen outlet 193-a water vapor outlet) 20-an air inlet pipe 21-an air outlet 22-a water outlet 23-a carbon dioxide removal device 24-an air compressor 25-a phosphoric acid fuel cell stack 26-a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack 27-an alkaline fuel cell stack 28-vehicle-mounted electric appliances 29-a driving motor 30-a second sensor.
Detailed Description
The following specific examples further illustrate the invention in detail.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen supply system using iron powder as fuel, which comprises a galvanic pile 1 provided with a cathode inlet 11, an anode inlet 12, a cathode outlet 13, an anode outlet 14, and a hydrogen generation pipeline 3 for introducing water discharged from the cathode outlet 13 or the anode outlet 14, wherein a plurality of first steel cylinders 4 which are connected in parallel and store iron powder and hydrogen are arranged on the hydrogen generation pipeline 3, and the hydrogen generation pipeline 3 is connected to the anode inlet 12 of the galvanic pile 1 after the plurality of first steel cylinders 4 are connected in parallel. The front and the back of the invention are the front and the back of the pipeline along the flowing direction of the medium.
The system also comprises a storage battery 8, a driving motor 29 and a plurality of vehicle-mounted electrical appliances 28 which are connected with the anode and the cathode of the galvanic pile 1 in parallel, wherein the galvanic pile 1 is a phosphoric acid fuel cell galvanic pile 25 or a proton exchange membrane fuel cell galvanic pile 26 or an alkaline fuel cell galvanic pile 27. In this embodiment, the stack 1 is a phosphoric acid fuel cell stack 25, air and hydrogen are respectively introduced into the cathode inlet 11 and the anode inlet 12, air and water vapor which are not completely reacted are discharged from the cathode outlet 13, and hydrogen which is not completely reacted is discharged from the anode outlet 14, and the specific structure of the system of this embodiment is shown in fig. 4.
The cathode outlet 13 is provided with a mixed exhaust pipe 9 communicated with the inlet of the separator 2. The separator 2 is provided with an air outlet 21 and a water outlet 22, the hydrogen generation pipeline 3 comprises a front end pipeline 31 communicated with the water outlet 22 of the separator 2, a plurality of hydrogen generation branch pipes 32 formed by dividing the rear end of the front end pipeline 31, and a rear end pipeline 33 formed by converging the hydrogen generation branch pipes 32, each first steel cylinder 4 is positioned on each hydrogen generation branch pipe 32, and a first sensor 6 for detecting the moisture content is arranged behind the first steel cylinder 4 on each hydrogen generation branch pipe 32. The anode outlet 14 is provided with a residual hydrogen discharge pipeline 7, the residual hydrogen discharge pipeline 7 is merged with the rear end pipeline 33 and leads to the anode inlet 12, and the first hydrogen circulating pump 5 is positioned on the rear part of the merging position of the residual hydrogen discharge pipeline 7 on the rear end pipeline 33.
In this embodiment, the separator 2 is a conventional hollow fiber membrane separator, and separates air and water vapor, and the water vapor is discharged from the discharge port 22.
As shown in fig. 2, the first steel cylinder 4 includes a housing 41 forming a cylindrical sealed cavity, the housing 41 is made of Cr-Mo steel or Ni-Cr-Mo-V steel, and has a cylindrical shape with two spherical ends, a heat insulating layer 42 is disposed on the surface of the housing 41, a first end cap 43 and a second end cap 44 are respectively disposed at two ends of the housing 41, an air inlet pipe 45 is disposed on the first end cap 43, a temperature-adjustable heating pipe 46 is disposed in the housing 41 of the air inlet pipe 45, and an air outlet pipe 47 is disposed on the second end cap 44. An air inlet valve 48 and an air outlet valve 49 are respectively arranged on the air inlet pipe 45 and the air outlet pipe 47, the heating pipe 46 is in a spiral coil shape wound on the surface of the air inlet pipe 45, and a power line 461 penetrating through the first sealing end cover 43 to the outside of the shell 41 is arranged on the heating pipe 46. The heating tube 46 serves to control the water vapor to reach the reaction temperature with the iron powder, and to sufficiently perform the hydrogen generation reaction.
In this embodiment, the number of the first steel cylinders 4 is two (not limited to two), hydrogen and iron powder are stored in the initial state, and the storage battery 8 is connected with the first sensor 6, the air inlet valve 48, the air outlet valve 49, the separator 2, the heating pipe 46, and the first hydrogen circulation pump 5 for power supply.
As shown in fig. 3, the system further includes an iron powder regenerating device located outside the vehicle, where the iron powder regenerating device includes a regeneration air inlet pipeline 10 connected to the hydrogen source, and a heater 15, a second circulating pump 16, and a plurality of parallel Fe-storing devices, which are sequentially arranged on the regeneration air inlet pipeline 10 along the air inlet direction3O4The regeneration gas inlet pipeline 10 is connected in parallel with the second steel cylinder 13, and a third circulating pump 18 and a pressure swing adsorption separator 19 are sequentially arranged behind the second steel cylinder 17 and are communicated with the inlet of the regeneration gas inlet pipeline 10.
The regeneration gas inlet pipe 10 includes a front gas pipe 101 connected to the hydrogen source, a plurality of regeneration branches 102 into which the front gas pipe 101 is divided, and a rear gas exhaust pipe 103 formed by merging the regeneration branches 102, each second cylinder 13 is located on each regeneration branch 102, and a second sensor 30 for detecting moisture content or temperature is provided on each regeneration branch 102 behind the second cylinder 13.
The pressure swing adsorption separator 19 is provided with a mixed gas inlet 191, a hydrogen outlet 192 and a water vapor outlet 193, and the pressure swing adsorption separator 19 is communicated with the regeneration exhaust pipeline 10 through the mixed gas inlet 191 and the hydrogen outlet 192.
In this embodiment, the iron powder stored in the steel cylinder can be reduced iron powder, hydroxyl iron powder and electrolytic iron powder, and the iron powder is sheet-shaped by molding or added with a small amount of Al (OH)3The colloidal solution is made into granules. The flaky or granular iron powder has a three-dimensional size of 5-20 mm, preferably 10mm, a porosity of 40-50%, and a certain strength, ensures that the iron powder is not crushed greatly in the subsequent circulation process, and the gaps among the granules are convenient for the free diffusion and circulation of water vapor or hydrogen in the steel cylinder.
Except different internal storage objects, the second steel cylinder 17 has the same structure as the first steel cylinder 4, and Fe obtained by the reaction of iron powder and water vapor is arranged in the second steel cylinder 173O4. The second steel cylinder 17 is the first steel cylinder 4 with the iron powder completely consumed, and is sent to an iron powder regenerating device for hydrogenation.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
when the hydrogen storage device works, a vehicle is started by the storage battery 8 to move forwards, the storage battery 8 simultaneously starts corresponding pumps, valves, heaters and the like in the power system, after the vehicle is started, the first hydrogen circulating pump 5 starts to work, and H stored in the first steel cylinder 4 in an initial state2First, the hydrogen is supplied to the anode inlet 12 by the first hydrogen circulation pump 5, and reacts with the air supplied to the cathode inlet 11, so that the phosphoric acid fuel cell stack 25 starts to operate to generate electric power, and outputs the electric power to the driving motor 29.
The mixture of air and water vapor generated by the reaction is introduced into the inlet of the separator 2 through the cathode outlet 13 and the mixing exhaust pipe 9, the air is exhausted through the air outlet 21, the water vapor enters the front end pipeline 31 through the water outlet 22 and then enters one of the first steel cylinders 4, the water vapor is heated by the heating pipe 46 and reacts with the iron powder in the first steel cylinder 4 to generate H2And is delivered to the electric pile 1 by a first hydrogen circulating pump 5 to form a circulation and continue. Electric powerThe unreacted hydrogen at the anode of the pile 1 is merged with the hydrogen generated by the first steel cylinder 4 through a residual hydrogen discharge pipeline 7 and enters an anode inlet 12.
When the power of the electric pile 1 reaches a rated value, the storage battery 8 is converted from main power to auxiliary power, the electric pile 1 is maintained to output basically constant power, and the electric pile 1 supplements electric energy when the electric pile is temporarily stopped. When the iron powder in the first steel cylinder 4 is nearly completely used up, the iron powder exhaustion in the first sensor 6 can be sensed (the judgment principle is that when the water content of the gas is larger than or equal to a set value, the iron powder exhaustion is judged, and because the water vapor is not treated in time, the water content of the passing gas is increased), the first steel cylinder is switched to another first steel cylinder 4, and the power system is enabled to run uninterruptedly. Thereafter, the vehicle has half the available travel to the most convenient replacement point for replacing the new first cylinder 4. Thus, the two first cylinders 4 are used alternately.
In the implementation of the present invention, the efficiency of the real-time hydrogen production must be considered, and if the water introduced into the steel cylinder cannot completely react with the iron powder or the reaction rate cannot keep up with the rate of water production by the galvanic pile, the galvanic pile will be shut down and the system will fail. For this reason, it is necessary to ensure that the decomposition reaction and the recombination reaction of water in the vehicle-mounted power system are equal, and the important point is that the oxidation reaction of iron powder is fast enough. It is generally accepted that the rate of the reaction is controlled by temperature, but the temperature of the stack feed water is limited, and therefore effective measures must be taken to reduce the temperature required for the reaction, i.e. to reduce the activation energy required for the reaction. The purpose of reducing the reaction temperature can be achieved by increasing the fineness of the iron powder, namely, the specific surface area and the surface energy of the iron powder, although the steel cylinder is provided with the electrothermal tube for providing guarantee. The fineness and specific surface area of iron powder vary depending on the method of production of the iron powder. Therefore, different types of iron powder are preferably matched to different types of fuel cells to achieve the desired effect.
In this embodiment, the stack 1 is a phosphoric acid fuel cell stack 25, and the iron powder is reduced iron powder with an average particle size of preferably about 50 μm, and has low surface activity and high oxidation temperature. The working temperature of the phosphoric acid fuel cell is about 200 ℃, and the cathode outputs water vapor with the same temperature, so that the requirement of iron powder oxidation is met.
As can be seen from the above working process, the vehicle has only a small amount of H inside the power system during the running process2In the circulating flow, the pressure is not high. Whenever an unexpected event occurs, H, whenever the fuel cell stack stops operating2Supply of O is stopped, H2The production is then stopped and the risk of burning, explosion is low. The safety of the vehicle is higher than that of any conventional fuel vehicle and existing fuel cell vehicle, such as a vehicle storing hydrogen in a high-pressure tank.
The used first steel cylinder 4 (second steel cylinder 13) needs hydrogenation regeneration, as shown in fig. 3, the second steel cylinder 17 is placed in parallel and connected to the regeneration gas inlet pipe 10, the inlet and outlet valves of the second steel cylinder 17 are opened, and the hydrogen is heated to a set temperature by the heater 15 and then is delivered to the second steel cylinder 17 by the second circulating pump 16. Collecting reaction product H on rear exhaust duct 1032And H2The mixed gas of O steam is sent to the pressure swing adsorption separator 19 by the third circulating pump 18 for separation, the water steam is discharged and recycled through the water steam outlet 153, and H steam is discharged and recycled2Then enters the regeneration air inlet pipeline 10 for recycling.
The second sensors 30 are installed at the air outlets of the single second steel cylinders 17, when the moisture content in the outlet gas is detected or the temperature of the outlet gas is detected not to be reduced, the air outlet valve of the second steel cylinder 17 is closed first, and then the air inlet valve is closed, so that a certain amount of free H is contained in the steel cylinders2And the power supply is used for starting the power supply stack. The hydrogenated second cylinder 17 (first cylinder 4) is removed and may be dispensed to a cylinder replacement point for replacement.
In the actual regeneration process, the number of the steel cylinders processed at one time is not limited to 6 in the figure, and the steel cylinders can enter or leave the iron powder regeneration device in batches to realize continuous regeneration, so that the maximum efficiency can be obtained.
In the iron powder regenerating device, the hydrogen source can adopt fossil fuel to produce hydrogen and can also adopt electrolysis to produce hydrogen. The coal and the natural gas are suitable for preparing hydrogen by combining the consideration of resources and cost.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 5, the system of the present embodiment has the same structure as that of embodiment 1 except that the stack 1 is a pem fuel cell stack 26 and the separator 2 is a conventional gas-liquid separator.
When the stack 1 is a pem fuel cell stack, the cathode outlet 13 discharges air and liquid water which are not completely reacted, so the separator 2 can separate the liquid water by using the conventional gas-liquid separator.
When the electric pile 1 is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell electric pile, the iron powder adopts hydroxyl iron powder with the average grain diameter of about 0.05 mu m, the surface activity is very high, and the purity is very high, thereby meeting the requirements of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
The working flow of the system of the embodiment is as follows:
when the hydrogen storage device works, a vehicle is started by the storage battery 8 to move forwards, the storage battery 8 simultaneously starts corresponding pumps, valves, heaters and the like in the power system, and after the vehicle is started, the first hydrogen circulating pump 5 starts to work to store H stored in the first steel cylinder 4 in an initial state2The air supplied to the anode inlet 12 of the pem fuel cell stack 26 reacts with the air simultaneously supplied to the cathode inlet 11 of the pem fuel cell stack 26, and the pem fuel cell stack 26 starts to operate to generate electric power and outputs the electric power to the driving motor 29.
The anode outlet 14 outputs unreacted H2And then the hydrogen returns to the hydrogen generation pipeline 3 and is input to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack 26 again through the first hydrogen circulating pump 5. The mixture of air and liquid water which is not completely reacted is discharged from the cathode outlet 13, and after separation in the separator 2 (gas-liquid separator), the air is evacuated and the heat H is increased2O is delivered to the first cylinder 4 for generating H2Thus, one cycle is completed. When the first sensor 6 detects that the iron powder in the first steel cylinder 4 (the judgment principle is the same as that in embodiment 1) is nearly used up, the system automatically switches to another first steel cylinder 4, and the operation is performed alternately.
In this example, the process of regenerating the iron powder regenerating device and the first steel cylinder 4 was the same as that of example 1.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, the stack 1 is an alkaline fuel cell stack 27, air and hydrogen are respectively introduced into the cathode inlet 11 and the anode inlet 12, air that is not completely reacted is discharged from the cathode outlet 13, and hydrogen and water vapor that are not completely reacted are discharged from the anode outlet 14. The hydrogen generation line 3, the first steel cylinder 4, the first sensor 6, and the iron powder regeneration apparatus of this example are the same as those of example 1.
The inlet of the hydrogen generation pipeline 3 is connected to the anode outlet 14, the hydrogen generation pipeline 3 is provided with a first hydrogen circulating pump 5 which leads to the anode inlet 12 after a plurality of first steel cylinders 4 are connected in parallel, the cathode inlet 11 is provided with an air inlet pipe 20, and the air inlet pipe 20 is provided with a carbon dioxide removing device 23 and an air compressor 24 along the air inlet direction. Because the alkaline fuel cell is coupled to the CO in the input air2Sensitive, therefore, in the air input line, it is necessary to provide a carbon dioxide removal device 23 on the air inlet pipe 20 to remove CO from the air2The content of (A) is reduced from 370ppm to below 1 ppm.
The working flow of the system of the embodiment is as follows:
when the hydrogen storage device works, a vehicle is started by the storage battery 8 to move forwards, the storage battery 8 simultaneously starts corresponding pumps, valves, heaters and the like in the power system, and after the vehicle is started, the first hydrogen circulating pump 5 starts to work to store H stored in the first steel cylinder 4 in an initial state2And the external air is delivered to the anode inlet 12 of the alkaline fuel cell stack 27, meanwhile, the external air is delivered to the cathode inlet 11 after passing through the carbon dioxide removing device 23 and the air compressor 24, and the alkaline fuel cell stack 27 starts to operate to generate electric energy. The cathode outlet 13 outputs only incompletely reacted air. The anode outlet 14 output is H2And H2Mixtures of O vapors, which need not be separated, are delivered directly to cylinder 54 for H production2Thus, one cycle is completed. When the first sensor 6 detects that the iron powder in the first steel cylinder 4 is nearly exhausted, the system automatically switches to another steel cylinder 4, and the steel cylinders are used alternately.
The advantage of this system is that the alkaline fuel cell, although operating at temperatures comparable to proton exchange membrane fuel cells, produces water that is removed as steam, which facilitates its reaction with iron powder. At the same time, the water vapor is generated at the anode and may not react with H2Separated and directly conveyed to the steel cylinderAnd the cathode discharges O in the air2And other impurities can not enter the steel cylinder, so that the iron powder in the steel cylinder can be fully utilized. Compared with the first embodiment and the second embodiment, although the carbon dioxide removing device 23 is added, the separator 2 and the residual hydrogen discharge pipeline 7 are not needed in the subsequent pipeline, and the system is simpler.
In addition, alkaline fuel cells have many advantages in themselves: 1. the anode and cathode can be respectively made of Ni and Ag as catalysts, and a noble metal Pt catalyst is not needed. It is not necessary to use expensive proton exchange membrane, but ordinary asbestos membrane is used as the diaphragm. The bipolar plate can be made of Ni plate or other metal Ni-plated plate, and the metal plate does not need to be subjected to complex plating or modification treatment. Thus, the cost of the galvanic pile can be greatly reduced. 2. Under alkaline environment, the durability and reliability of the three materials are better than that of corresponding catalysts, diaphragms and bipolar plates of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, so that the electric stack theoretically has longer service life. 3. Alkaline fuel cells have higher specific power by weight and specific power by volume, since the polarization of the cathode and anode is significantly less under alkaline conditions than under acidic conditions. 4. Alkaline fuel cells have higher conversion efficiencies than acid cells. Generally, the conversion efficiency of proton exchange membrane fuel cells is around 50%, while the conversion efficiency of alkaline fuel cells is around 60%. This means that the alkaline fuel cell will operate for about 20% more time for the same amount of fuel. The method has great significance for hydrogen storage materials with low energy storage density. 5. In a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, water held within the membrane freezes below 0 ℃, so the stack cannot be directly cold started below 0 ℃. If the temperature of the galvanic pile is required to be started below 0 ℃, or heat preservation measures are taken for the galvanic pile to prevent the temperature of the galvanic pile from being reduced below 0 ℃; or the hydrogen-oxygen combination reaction is firstly used for preheating during cold starting, if the preheating is improper, the cold starting can be failed, and permanent damage can be caused to the galvanic pile; and about 40% of alkali liquor is arranged in a diaphragm of the alkaline fuel cell, and the freezing point is lower than minus 40 ℃, so the alkaline fuel cell can be directly cold started almost anywhere without any additional device or any negative effect. 6. FuelWhen the battery is used as vehicle power, the battery is inevitably started and stopped frequently, or the load is changed continuously. For pem fuel cells, this condition is very mechanically damaging to the membrane. Meanwhile, during the starting, stopping or load change, when the current is reduced or the cathode polarization is reduced, H is generated at the cathode2O2Causing the membrane to "defluorinate", resulting in degradation of the battery performance or end of life. The life of an on-board pem fuel cell is usually much shorter than a comparable stack with a fixed constant load. This is not the case with alkaline fuel cells, which are more suitable for mobile use.
Claims (10)
1. A vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen supply system taking iron powder as fuel comprises a galvanic pile (1) provided with a cathode inlet (11), an anode inlet (12), a cathode outlet (13) and an anode outlet (14), and is characterized by further comprising a hydrogen generation pipeline (3) for introducing water discharged from the cathode outlet (13) or the anode outlet (14), wherein a plurality of first steel cylinders (4) which are connected in parallel and store the iron powder and hydrogen are arranged on the hydrogen generation pipeline (3), and the hydrogen generation pipeline (3) is communicated to the anode inlet (12) after the first steel cylinders (4) are connected in parallel.
2. The on-vehicle fuel cell hydrogen supply system using iron powder as fuel according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen generation pipe (3) includes a front end pipe (31), a plurality of hydrogen generation branch pipes (32) into which the rear ends of the front end pipe (31) are divided, and a rear end pipe (33) formed by merging the hydrogen generation branch pipes (32), each of the first cylinders (4) is located on each of the hydrogen generation branch pipes (32), and each of the hydrogen generation branch pipes (32) is provided with a first sensor (6) for detecting a moisture content behind the first cylinder (4).
3. The vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen supply system taking iron powder as fuel according to claim 1, wherein the first steel cylinder (4) comprises a shell (41) forming a cylindrical sealed cavity, the surface of the shell (41) is provided with a heat insulation layer (42), a first sealed end cover (43) and a second sealed end cover (44) are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell (41), an air inlet pipe (45) is arranged on the first sealed end cover (43), a temperature-adjustable heating pipe (46) is arranged in the shell (41) of the air inlet pipe (45), and an air outlet pipe (47) is arranged on the second sealed end cover (44).
4. The vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen supply system with iron powder as fuel according to claim 3, wherein the air inlet pipe (45) and the air outlet pipe (47) are respectively provided with an air inlet valve (48) and an air outlet valve (49), the heating pipe (46) is in a spiral coil shape wound on the surface of the air inlet pipe (45), and the heating pipe (46) is provided with a power line (461) which passes through the first sealing end cover (43) and is out of the shell (41).
5. The on-vehicle fuel cell hydrogen supply system with iron powder as fuel according to claim 1, further comprising a storage battery (8) connected in parallel with the positive and negative electrodes of the electric pile (1), wherein the electric pile (1) is a phosphoric acid fuel cell electric pile (25), a proton exchange membrane fuel cell electric pile (26) or an alkaline fuel cell electric pile (27).
6. The on-vehicle fuel cell hydrogen supply system with iron powder as fuel of claim 5, wherein when the stack (1) is a phosphoric acid fuel cell stack (25) or a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack (26), the cathode outlet (13) is provided with a separator (2) capable of separating air from water, the separator (2) is provided with an air outlet (21) and a water outlet (22), the water outlet (22) is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen generation pipeline (3), the anode outlet (14) is provided with a residual hydrogen discharge pipeline (7), the residual hydrogen discharge pipeline (7) is combined with the hydrogen generation pipeline (3) at the rear of the parallel connection of the plurality of first steel cylinders (4), and then a first hydrogen circulation pump (5) is arranged to lead to the anode inlet (12).
7. The on-vehicle fuel cell hydrogen supply system with iron powder as fuel of claim 5, characterized in that when the stack (1) is an alkaline fuel cell stack (27), the inlet of the hydrogen generation pipeline (3) is connected to the anode outlet (14), the hydrogen generation pipeline (3) is provided with a first hydrogen circulation pump (5) after a plurality of first steel cylinders (4) are connected in parallel to lead to the anode inlet (12), the cathode inlet (11) is provided with an air inlet pipe (20), and the air inlet pipe (20) is provided with a carbon dioxide removing device (23) and an air compressor (24) along the air inlet direction.
8. The on-vehicle fuel cell hydrogen supply system using fine iron as fuel according to claim 1, further comprising a fine iron regenerating device located outside the vehicle, the fine iron regenerating device comprising a regenerating pipe (10) having an inlet connected to the hydrogen gas source, and a heater (15), a second circulating pump (16) and a plurality of parallel-connected Fe-storing pumps sequentially arranged on the regenerating pipe (10) in the air intake direction3O4The regeneration pipeline (10) is provided with a third circulating pump (18) and a pressure swing adsorption separator (19) which are connected in parallel behind the second steel cylinder (17) and lead to the inlet of the regeneration pipeline (10).
9. The on-vehicle fuel cell hydrogen supply system using fine iron as fuel according to claim 8, wherein the regeneration duct (10) includes a front intake duct (101) connected to a hydrogen source, a plurality of regeneration branches (102) into which the front intake duct (101) is divided, and a rear exhaust duct (103) formed by merging the regeneration branches (102), each second cylinder (13) is located on each regeneration branch (102), and a second sensor (30) for detecting moisture content or temperature is provided on each regeneration branch (102) behind the second cylinder (13).
10. The on-board fuel cell hydrogen supply system using fine iron as fuel according to claim 8, wherein the pressure swing adsorption separator (19) is provided with a mixed gas inlet (191), a hydrogen outlet (192) and a water vapor outlet (193), and the pressure swing adsorption separator (19) is communicated with the regeneration pipe (10) through the mixed gas inlet (191) and the hydrogen outlet (192).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910847183.3A CN112467178A (en) | 2019-09-09 | 2019-09-09 | Vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen supply system taking iron powder as fuel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910847183.3A CN112467178A (en) | 2019-09-09 | 2019-09-09 | Vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen supply system taking iron powder as fuel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112467178A true CN112467178A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
Family
ID=74807438
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910847183.3A Pending CN112467178A (en) | 2019-09-09 | 2019-09-09 | Vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen supply system taking iron powder as fuel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112467178A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113707904A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-26 | 德清动力(北京)科技有限公司 | Self-heating fuel cell automobile cold start heater and heating method |
| WO2024078724A1 (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2024-04-18 | Volvo Truck Corporation | A fuel cell system |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1688506A (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2005-10-26 | 千年电池公司 | System for hydrogen generation |
| JP2005317443A (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2005-11-10 | Nitto Denko Corp | Hydrogen producing cell and hydrogen producing device |
| JP2006036579A (en) * | 2004-07-27 | 2006-02-09 | Uchiya Thermostat Kk | Method for producing hydrogen |
| CN1916202A (en) * | 2006-08-25 | 2007-02-21 | 西北大学 | Method for preparing solid hydrogen storage material of modified ferriferous oxide |
| CN108242552A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-07-03 | 天津立旋科技有限公司 | A kind of fuel cell hydrogen gas circulating system |
| CN109019510A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2018-12-18 | 上海涛川能源科技有限公司 | A kind of hydrogen production process |
-
2019
- 2019-09-09 CN CN201910847183.3A patent/CN112467178A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1688506A (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2005-10-26 | 千年电池公司 | System for hydrogen generation |
| JP2005317443A (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2005-11-10 | Nitto Denko Corp | Hydrogen producing cell and hydrogen producing device |
| JP2006036579A (en) * | 2004-07-27 | 2006-02-09 | Uchiya Thermostat Kk | Method for producing hydrogen |
| CN1916202A (en) * | 2006-08-25 | 2007-02-21 | 西北大学 | Method for preparing solid hydrogen storage material of modified ferriferous oxide |
| CN108242552A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-07-03 | 天津立旋科技有限公司 | A kind of fuel cell hydrogen gas circulating system |
| CN109019510A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2018-12-18 | 上海涛川能源科技有限公司 | A kind of hydrogen production process |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113707904A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-26 | 德清动力(北京)科技有限公司 | Self-heating fuel cell automobile cold start heater and heating method |
| CN113707904B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2024-03-26 | 德清动力(北京)科技有限公司 | Self-heating fuel cell automobile cold start heater and heating method |
| WO2024078724A1 (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2024-04-18 | Volvo Truck Corporation | A fuel cell system |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP2021002512A5 (en) | ||
| US20030207161A1 (en) | Hydrogen production and water recovery system for a fuel cell | |
| CN105084311A (en) | Zero-carbon-emission hydrogen production system by methanol water reforming as well as application and hydrogen production method thereof | |
| CN109982963B (en) | Hydrogen generation system and method with buffer tank | |
| CN101325263A (en) | Recovery of inert gas from a fuel cell exhaust stream | |
| WO2017028616A1 (en) | Mobile charging station having multiple power generation modules using hydrogen produced by methanol-water reforming, and method | |
| CN209418658U (en) | A kind of liquefied ammonia hydrogen-generating fuel cell device and automobile | |
| WO2011010251A1 (en) | System for on demand hydrogen production and delivery of hydrogen to an internal combustion engine | |
| WO2016192574A1 (en) | Charging station having multiple groups of methanol-water reforming hydrogen production and power generation modules, and method | |
| US20110266142A1 (en) | Unitized electrolyzer apparatus | |
| CN205222680U (en) | Methanol -water reformation hydrogen production system that zero carbon discharged and fuel cell car thereof | |
| CN106347161B (en) | A kind of the continuation of the journey control method and fuel cell car of fuel cell car | |
| CN217839154U (en) | Hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated system | |
| CN115036539B (en) | Fuel cell power generation system and control method thereof | |
| CN112467178A (en) | Vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen supply system taking iron powder as fuel | |
| WO2005008824A2 (en) | Hydrogen storage-based rechargeable fuel cell system | |
| CN103236554A (en) | Hydrogen-supply busbar nitrogen purging system for emergency power supply of fuel cell | |
| CN113667997A (en) | High-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system | |
| US20040018632A1 (en) | Hydrogen processing unit for fuel cell storage systems | |
| CN205248374U (en) | Portable charging station with multiunit methanol -water reformation hydrogen manufacturing power mode | |
| CN101572321A (en) | Hydrogen generation apparatus | |
| KR101369891B1 (en) | The hydrogen gas for chemistry solution or metal an oxide compound adsorption occlusion polymer membrane fuel cell system | |
| CN216473504U (en) | High-pressure proton exchange membrane electrolytic water system | |
| EP3709414A1 (en) | Water exchanger for a fuel cell based power generator | |
| CN113921855A (en) | Fuel cell power system and fuel cell electric ship |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210309 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |