CN112462409B - Space charged particle telescope based on cadmium zinc telluride - Google Patents
Space charged particle telescope based on cadmium zinc telluride Download PDFInfo
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- CN112462409B CN112462409B CN202011324287.5A CN202011324287A CN112462409B CN 112462409 B CN112462409 B CN 112462409B CN 202011324287 A CN202011324287 A CN 202011324287A CN 112462409 B CN112462409 B CN 112462409B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/24—Measuring radiation intensity with semiconductor detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/24—Measuring radiation intensity with semiconductor detectors
- G01T1/244—Auxiliary details, e.g. casings, cooling, damping or insulation against damage by, e.g. heat, pressure or the like
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/36—Measuring spectral distribution of X-rays or of nuclear radiation spectrometry
- G01T1/366—Measuring spectral distribution of X-rays or of nuclear radiation spectrometry with semi-conductor detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/36—Measuring spectral distribution of X-rays or of nuclear radiation spectrometry
- G01T1/38—Particle discrimination and measurement of relative mass, e.g. by measurement of loss of energy with distance (dE/dx)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a space charged particle telescope based on cadmium zinc telluride, wherein an opening is formed in the top end of an outer cover of the space charged particle telescope, a mounting seat is arranged in the outer cover, a Si semiconductor detector, a first CZT detector and a second CZT detector are arranged on the mounting seat, the Si semiconductor detector and the first CZT detector form a first group of delta E-E detector systems, the first CZT detector and the second CZT detector form a second group of delta E-E detector systems, and the first group of delta E-E detector systems and the second group of delta E-E detector systems are matched to respectively measure charged particles with different energies. The invention can measure the components such as charged particles, thermal neutrons, gamma rays and the like in the space environment. The method can effectively measure the information of the energy transmission line density spectrum (LET), equivalent dose, charged particle energy spectrum, total dose, dose rate and the like of the charged particles in the space, has very important significance for the radiation risk assessment of astronauts, and can improve the resolution of the particle energy spectrum and enhance the particle identification capability compared with the traditional scintillation crystal system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of space particle measurement, in particular to a space charged particle telescope based on Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT).
Background
The radiation environment in the space comprises primary particles such as protons, alpha particles and heavy charged particles with wide energy spectrum, and secondary particles generated by the primary particles, such as thermal neutrons, fast neutrons, gamma rays and the like. The spectral range of the primary particles is relatively broad. Therefore, in the space station, the astronauts are necessarily exposed to the spatial radiation. The influence of the high-energy charged particles on the spacecraft and astronauts mainly comprises a radiation damage effect, a single particle effect and the like, which cause a series of damages to spacecraft materials, electronic components, astronauts and biological samples. In order to accurately evaluate the radiation risk of the astronaut, information such as energy spectrum, flux and the like of space charged particles and secondary neutrons needs to be measured.
The dosage of foreign organs is mostly monitored by adopting a passive detector, and an active detector only concerns the equivalent dosage and does not measure the energy spectrum of charged particles such as protons. The simple dose measurement cannot meet the requirement of accurate radiation risk assessment, and the energy spectrum of charged particles, gamma rays and neutrons needs to be accurately measured. Domestic radiation measurement focuses on radiation environment measurement, and the measurement of the environments can only reconstruct organ dose of astronauts through Monte Carlo simulation, so that certain ambiguity exists.
The scintillation crystal detector is used for measuring radiation human organ dose in international space station, and the volume and energy response of the scintillation crystal detector can meet the requirements, but the resolution ratio of the energy spectrum of the scintillation crystal detector to the particle is relatively low. The CZT detector can generate different energy deposits for rays with different energies, the energy deposits are in direct proportion to the amplitude of a generated pulse signal, a follow-up circuit discriminates the pulse amplitude by adopting the ADC, the tissue absorbed dose of rays with different types and different energies can be accurately reflected, and the dose equivalent measurement of a simulator is accurate and reasonable. The CZT detector also has the advantages of small volume, light weight, high reliability, difficult damage and the like, and the CZT detector can be placed more reasonably in the dummy body and is less limited by space. CZT is one of the internationally recognized nuclear radiation detectors with the best comprehensive performance at present, and has higher energy and spatial resolution besides the advantages of a silicon detector.
The conventional Delta E-E system of the scintillator detector has the problems of poor energy resolution and poor screening effect on light charged particles, a liquid scintillator with a large volume is required during the detection of thermal neutrons and fast neutrons, and the conventional CZT crystal is mainly used for the detection of X rays and is less used in the measurement of charged particles.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a space charged particle telescope based on cadmium zinc telluride, which has a reasonable structure and high resolution of a particle energy spectrum.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a space charged particle telescope based on cadmium zinc telluride, which comprises an outer cover, wherein an opening is formed in the top end of the outer cover, a mounting seat is arranged in the outer cover, a Si semiconductor detector, a first CZT detector and a second CZT detector are sequentially arranged on the mounting seat from top to bottom, the Si semiconductor detector and the first CZT detector form a first group of delta E-E detector systems, the first CZT detector and the second CZT detector form a second group of delta E-E detector systems, and the first group of delta E-E detector systems and the second group of delta E-E detector systems are matched to respectively measure charged particles with different energies.
As a further improvement of the invention, the first set of delta E-E detector systems can detect 10-60MeV protons, and the second set of delta E-E detector systems can detect 60-90MeV protons.
As a further improvement of the invention, the diameter of the Si semiconductor detector is 10mm, the thickness of the Si semiconductor detector is 300 μm, the first CZT detector and the second CZT detector are both cubic, and the side length of the first CZT detector and the side length of the second CZT detector are both 10 mm.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the PCB board corresponding to the Si semiconductor detector is disposed between the Si semiconductor detector and the first CZT detector, the PCB board corresponding to the first CZT detector is disposed between the first CZT detector and the second CZT detector, and the PCB board corresponding to the second CZT detector is disposed at the bottom of the second CZT detector.
As a further improvement of the invention, the mounting base is provided with a cavity which is through up and down, the PCB board corresponding to the Si semiconductor detector is arranged at the top of the cavity, the PCB board corresponding to the first CZT detector is arranged in the cavity, and the PCB board corresponding to the second CZT detector is arranged at the bottom of the cavity.
As a further improvement of the invention, the PCB board corresponding to the Si semiconductor detector, the PCB board corresponding to the first CZT detector, and the PCB board corresponding to the second CZT detector are all fixed on the mounting base by screws.
As a further improvement of the invention, through holes for passing charged particles are formed in the PCB corresponding to the Si semiconductor detector, the PCB corresponding to the first CZT detector and the PCB corresponding to the second CZT detector.
As a further improvement of the present invention, a temperature sensor is disposed in the housing, and the temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the Si semiconductor detector, the first CZT detector and the second CZT detector, and is used for performing peak nimble correction on the energy spectrum of the detector.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the opening is provided with an aluminum-plated polyester film.
As a further improvement of the invention, the bottom of the outer cover is provided with a plug connected with the Si semiconductor detector, the first CZT detector and the second CZT detector, and the plug can be connected with an upper computer of the data acquisition system through a cable.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the first layer of the invention is a Si semiconductor detector, which can realize the discrimination of charged particle species and the energy measurement and simultaneously realize the measurement function of the energy transmission line density LET.
2. The invention adopts a structure of delta E-E, particularly adopts a detector of Si-CZT-CZT, CZT has the advantages of higher density, high energy resolution (< 3%), and CZT crystal atomic coefficient and high density compared with scintillator crystals, and can prevent charged particles with higher energy under smaller volume. The induction current generated by the direct conversion of the energy generated by the CZT on the action of photons and charged particles is far larger than that of a scintillation crystal, and the energy resolution of the CZT detector is far better than that of the scintillation crystal detector. The method can effectively prevent high-energy proton particles and effectively identify the particles of the light charged particle spectrometer.
3. The CZT detector disclosed by the invention has better stopping power and relatively high sensitivity to X-ray gamma rays, and CZT is applied to charged particle energy spectrum and space radiation detection for the first time.
4. The CZT detector is adopted, rays with different energies can generate different energy deposits, the energy is in direct proportion to the amplitude of a generated pulse signal, a follow-up circuit discriminates the pulse amplitude by adopting the ADC, the tissue absorbed dose of rays with different types and different energies can be accurately reflected, and dose equivalent measurement of a simulator is accurate and reasonable.
5. The CZT detector also has the advantages of small volume, light weight, high reliability, difficulty in damage and the like, the position of the CZT detector can be more reasonably placed in a space station, the limitation of space is small, and the requirement of load is met.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following preferred embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of a cadmium zinc telluride based space charged particle telescope in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a cadmium zinc telluride based space charged particle telescope in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural exploded view of a cadmium zinc telluride based space charged particle telescope in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the labeling: 10. a housing; 11. an opening; 20. aluminum-plated polyester films; 30. a mounting seat; 40. a Si semiconductor detector; 41. a PCB corresponding to the Si semiconductor detector; 50. a first CZT detector; 51. a PCB corresponding to the first CZT detector; 60. a second CZT detector; 61. a PCB board corresponding to the second CZT detector; 70. a through hole; 80. a plug; 90. and a circuit module.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the space charged particle telescope based on cadmium zinc telluride in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 10, an opening 11 is formed at a top end of the housing 10, a mounting base 30 is disposed in the housing 10, and a Si semiconductor detector 40, a first CZT detector 50 and a second CZT detector 60 are sequentially disposed on the mounting base 30 from top to bottom.
The Si semiconductor detector 40 and the first CZT detector 50 form a first set of delta E-E detector systems, the first CZT detector 50 and the second CZT detector 60 form a second set of delta E-E detector systems, and the first set of delta E-E detector systems and the second set of delta E-E detector systems are matched to measure charged particles with different energies respectively.
Optionally, the opening 11 is provided with an aluminum-plated polyester film 20, and preferably, the thickness of the aluminum-plated polyester film 20 is 2.4 μm.
In particular, a first set of Δ E-E detector systems may measure lower energy charged particles and a second set of Δ E-E detector systems may measure higher energy charged particles. In one embodiment, the first set of Δ E-E detector systems may detect 10-60MeV protons, and the second set of Δ E-E detector systems may detect 60-90MeV protons.
In one embodiment, the Si semiconductor detector 40 has a diameter of 10mm and a thickness of 300 μm, and the first CZT detector 50 and the second CZT detector 60 are both cubic and have a side length of 10 mm.
Optionally, the PCB 41 corresponding to the Si semiconductor detector is disposed between the Si semiconductor detector 40 and the first CZT detector 50, the PCB 51 corresponding to the first CZT detector is disposed between the first CZT detector 50 and the second CZT detector 60, and the PCB 61 corresponding to the second CZT detector is disposed at the bottom of the second CZT detector 60. Further, the mounting base 30 is provided with a cavity which is through up and down, the PCB 41 corresponding to the Si semiconductor detector is arranged at the top of the cavity, the PCB 51 corresponding to the first CZT detector is arranged in the cavity, and the PCB 61 corresponding to the second CZT detector is arranged at the bottom of the cavity.
Preferably, the PCB 41 corresponding to the Si semiconductor detector, the PCB 51 corresponding to the first CZT detector, and the PCB 61 corresponding to the second CZT detector are all fixed on the mounting base 30 by screws. The stability of the structure is ensured.
In some embodiments, the PCB 41 corresponding to the Si semiconductor detector, the PCB 51 corresponding to the first CZT detector, and the PCB 61 corresponding to the second CZT detector are provided with through holes 70 for passing charged particles. To eliminate the attenuation of the spatially charged particles by the PCB board.
The outer wall of the mounting base 30 is provided with a plurality of circuit modules 90 for supplying power to the detector and processing signals detected by the detector, and the circuit modules specifically include a preamplifier circuit, a high-voltage circuit, a power conversion circuit and the like.
The bottom of the housing 10 is provided with a plug 80 connected with the Si semiconductor detector 40, the first CZT detector 50 and the second CZT detector 60, and the plug 80 may be connected with a data acquisition system upper computer through a cable. Further, the plug 80 is a custom aviation plug.
Optionally, a temperature sensor is disposed in the housing 10, and the temperature sensor is configured to measure the temperature of the Si semiconductor detector 40, the first CZT detector 50, and the second CZT detector 60, and is configured to correct the peak nimble of the energy spectrum of the detector. The temperature sensor is connected with an upper computer of the data acquisition system through a cable.
The invention can measure the components such as charged particles, thermal neutrons, gamma rays and the like in the space environment. Due to the limitation of loads in space application, key information such as a power transmission line density spectrum (LET), equivalent dose, a charged particle energy spectrum, total dose, dose rate and the like of charged particles in a space environment can be effectively measured by one set of detector system, and the quantities have important significance for safety risk assessment of astronauts.
The first layer of the invention is a Si semiconductor detector, which can realize the discrimination of charged particle species and the energy measurement and simultaneously realize the measurement function of the energy transmission line density LET.
The invention adopts a structure of delta E-E, particularly adopts a detector of Si-CZT-CZT, CZT has the advantages of higher density, high energy resolution (< 3%), and CZT crystal atomic coefficient and high density compared with scintillator crystals, and can prevent charged particles with higher energy under smaller volume. The induction current generated by the direct conversion of the energy generated by the CZT on the action of photons and charged particles is far larger than that of a scintillation crystal, and the energy resolution of the CZT detector is far better than that of the scintillation crystal detector. The method can effectively prevent high-energy proton particles and effectively identify the particles of the light charged particle spectrometer.
The CZT detector in the invention has better stopping power and quite high sensitivity to X-ray gamma rays, and CZT is applied to charged particle energy spectrum and space radiation detection for the first time.
The CZT detector is adopted, rays with different energies can generate different energy deposits, the energy is in direct proportion to the amplitude of a generated pulse signal, a follow-up circuit discriminates the pulse amplitude by adopting the ADC, the tissue absorbed dose of rays with different types and different energies can be accurately reflected, and the dose equivalent measurement of a simulator is accurate and reasonable.
The CZT detector also has the advantages of small volume, light weight, high reliability, difficult damage and the like, can be placed more reasonably in a space station, is less restricted by space, and meets the requirement of load.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a space charged particle telescope based on cadmium zinc telluride, a serial communication port, includes the dustcoat, the top of dustcoat is equipped with the opening, be equipped with the mount pad in the dustcoat, from last Si semiconductor detector, first CZT detector and the second CZT detector of having set gradually under to of last on the mount pad, Si semiconductor detector and first CZT detector constitute first group delta E-E detector system, first CZT detector and second CZT detector constitute second group delta E-E detector system, first group delta E-E detector system and the cooperation of second group delta E-E detector system are measured the charged particle of different energies respectively.
2. The cadmium zinc telluride based space charged particle telescope as recited in claim 1, wherein said first set of Δ E-E detector systems is capable of detecting 10-60MeV protons and said second set of Δ E-E detector systems is capable of detecting 60-90MeV protons.
3. The cadmium zinc telluride based space charged particle telescope as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Si semiconductor detector is 10mm in diameter and 300 μm thick, and the first and second CZT detectors are cubic and each have a side length of 10 mm.
4. The cadmium zinc telluride based space charged particle telescope as recited in claim 1, wherein the PCB board corresponding to the Si semiconductor detector is disposed between the Si semiconductor detector and the first CZT detector, the PCB board corresponding to the first CZT detector is disposed between the first CZT detector and the second CZT detector, and the PCB board corresponding to the second CZT detector is disposed at a bottom of the second CZT detector.
5. The cadmium zinc telluride based space charged particle telescope of claim 4, wherein the mount is provided with a cavity which is through from top to bottom, the PCB corresponding to the Si semiconductor detector is arranged at the top of the cavity, the PCB corresponding to the first CZT detector is arranged in the cavity, and the PCB corresponding to the second CZT detector is arranged at the bottom of the cavity.
6. The cadmium zinc telluride based space charged particle telescope of claim 5, wherein the PCB board corresponding to the Si semiconductor detector, the PCB board corresponding to the first CZT detector and the PCB board corresponding to the second CZT detector are all fixed on the mounting base through screws.
7. The cadmium zinc telluride based space charged particle telescope as recited in claim 4, wherein the PCB board corresponding to the Si semiconductor detector, the PCB board corresponding to the first CZT detector and the PCB board corresponding to the second CZT detector are provided with through holes for passing charged particles.
8. The cadmium zinc telluride based space charged particle telescope as recited in claim 5, wherein a temperature sensor is disposed within said housing, said temperature sensor being adapted to measure the temperature of said Si semiconductor detector, said first CZT detector and said second CZT detector for correcting the peak shift of the energy spectrum of the detectors.
9. The cadmium zinc telluride based space charged particle telescope as recited in claim 1, wherein the opening is provided with an aluminized polyester film.
10. The cadmium zinc telluride based space charged particle telescope as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the housing is provided with plugs connected to the Si semiconductor detector, the first CZT detector and the second CZT detector, the plugs being connectable to a data acquisition system host computer via a cable.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011324287.5A CN112462409B (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Space charged particle telescope based on cadmium zinc telluride |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011324287.5A CN112462409B (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Space charged particle telescope based on cadmium zinc telluride |
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| CN112462409A CN112462409A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
| CN112462409B true CN112462409B (en) | 2022-07-12 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002067014A1 (en) * | 2001-02-18 | 2002-08-29 | Real-Time Radiography Ltd. | Wide band gap semiconductor composite detector plates for x-ray digital radiography |
| CN101609155A (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2009-12-23 | 西北核技术研究所 | A kind of broad-energy-spectrum pulse gamma detector |
| CN203037860U (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2013-07-03 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Radiation detector and radiation detecting apparatus |
| CN104635254A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-20 | 陕西迪泰克新材料有限公司 | Portable gamma spectroradiometer |
| CN109828300A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-31 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | A kind of miniaturization omnidirectional particles detection |
-
2020
- 2020-11-23 CN CN202011324287.5A patent/CN112462409B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002067014A1 (en) * | 2001-02-18 | 2002-08-29 | Real-Time Radiography Ltd. | Wide band gap semiconductor composite detector plates for x-ray digital radiography |
| CN101609155A (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2009-12-23 | 西北核技术研究所 | A kind of broad-energy-spectrum pulse gamma detector |
| CN203037860U (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2013-07-03 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Radiation detector and radiation detecting apparatus |
| CN104635254A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-20 | 陕西迪泰克新材料有限公司 | Portable gamma spectroradiometer |
| CN109828300A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-31 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | A kind of miniaturization omnidirectional particles detection |
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| CN112462409A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
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