CN112459334A - Rib ring type cable dome structure adjustable spherical node - Google Patents
Rib ring type cable dome structure adjustable spherical node Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112459334A CN112459334A CN202011289941.3A CN202011289941A CN112459334A CN 112459334 A CN112459334 A CN 112459334A CN 202011289941 A CN202011289941 A CN 202011289941A CN 112459334 A CN112459334 A CN 112459334A
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- node
- guide rail
- spherical shell
- rail type
- spherical
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/14—Suspended roofs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
- E04B1/34315—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts
- E04B1/34326—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts mainly constituted by longitudinal elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/58—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/58—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements
- E04B2001/5862—Angularly adjustable connections without hinge pin
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Installation Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustable spherical node of a rib ring type cable dome structure; the spherical shell comprises a spherical shell central body, a guide rail type lug plate and a conical joint conversion member; the surface of the central body of the spherical shell is provided with a hole matched with the shape of the guide rail type lug plate; pin holes are formed on the guide rail type lug plates for connecting the tension members; the guide rail type lug plate is clamped into the clamping groove of the spherical shell central body through 90-degree rotation and is fixed by a guide rail attached to the inner circle of the spherical shell; the bottom end of the spherical shell is designed in a plane and can be connected with a conical joint conversion component; the lower surface of the conical joint conversion component is provided with a slotted hole with threads for connecting a compression component; on the premise of ensuring the stress performance of the adjustable spherical node with the rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure, different combinations of different clamping grooves and guide rail type lug plates provide multiple angle free combination modes for the node, and the node adjustment performance is realized; the hollow spherical shell design reduces the dead weight and the assembly error of the node.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an adjustable spherical node of a rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure, in particular to an adjustable spherical node of a rib-ring-shaped cable dome, which comprises a cable rod structure and a model structure.
Background
The construction cable-strut structure is of great interest in its light form, reasonable force and elegant shape. In the last two decades, the construction requirements of the building cable rod structure engineering and the actual engineering quantity in China realize leap growth, and structural systems such as a string structure, a suspended dome, a cable dome, a transverse stiffening cable system, a cable net structure, a double-layer cable system, a cable-stayed structure and the like are successively popularized and applied in large-scale actual engineering in China. Under the background, the node design gradually becomes a key link in the design of the cable-strut structure engineering, the node not only directly influences the building beauty and the structural rationality, but also is more closely related to various aspects of the cost, the construction period, the safety and the like of the engineering, and the connecting node with the complex structure always restricts the further development and the application of the structure.
With the continuous improvement of building structure functions and the diversification of appearance shapes, higher requirements are also put forward on connecting nodes between the members. The connecting node used in the traditional cable pole structure mainly comprises a cast node and a welded node, and the node has the advantages of great self weight, complex structure and high manufacturing and installation cost. In addition, the node forms in the same structure are more in variety and basically have no standardization, and it takes a lot of manpower and material resources to manufacture a variety of nodes when the shape of the whole structure is more complex. In order to realize a node with a simple structure and wide applicability, the standardized manufacturing and adjustable performance of the node have become a research hotspot in the field of space structures. In the conventional net rack and latticed shell structure, the engineering technicians have successfully developed welded hollow ball joints and bolt ball joints with simple structure and high standardization degree. The release of this type of standardized node has accelerated the construction progress of rack and latticed shell structure, has reduced construction cost. Compared with a conventional space structure, the cable rod tension structure is usually connected with the inhaul cable by adopting a large number of lug plates in a connecting node due to the existence of the flexible inhaul cable, but the lug plates at different positions in the node are different in shape and size, the lug plates in the whole structure are various in variety, inconvenience is brought to processing and assembling, and processing and assembling errors are easily caused. The adjustable spherical node with the cable-strut structure is provided with the standardized node central body and the guide rail type lug plate, so that the types of the lug plates are simplified, the clamping groove in the spherical shell central body is convenient for the installation and the positioning of the lug plates, in addition, the guide rail type lug plate endows the node with adjustable functional characteristics, the defects of complex structure and various types of the traditional node are basically overcome, and the purposes of standardization of all components in the node, simplification of node types and adjustment of node functions are realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a node form for connecting cable rods in a rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure, namely an adjustable spherical node of the rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure, so as to overcome the defects of various node types, complex node structure, inconvenience in node construction and assembly and small node application range in the rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure and promote the node of the rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure to advance towards a standardized and adjustable direction.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an adjustable spherical node of a rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure. Wherein, the spherical shell central body (1) and the conical joint conversion member (4) form a main structure of the node. The adjustable spherical joint is composed of a spherical shell center body (1), a guide rail type ear plate (2) and a conical joint conversion member (4).
Foretell spherical node of rib ring type cable dome structure adjustable, wherein, node spherical shell central body (1) is opened draw-in groove (7, 8, 9, 10) that supply guide tracked otic placode (2) card to go into, the overall dimension and the guide tracked otic placode (2) phase-match of draw-in groove on the node spherical shell central body (1), the width and the guide tracked otic placode (2) thickness of draw-in groove are unanimous, and the cross section of draw-in groove is the fan-shaped of radius and spherical shell unanimity.
The adjustable spherical node of the rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure is characterized in that the central body (1) of the node spherical shell is provided with clamping grooves (7, 8, 9 and 10) with three central angles of 45 degrees and one central angle of 90 degrees, the clamping grooves (7) are sector holes with 90-degree central angles located on the right side of the front half part of the spherical shell in the transverse direction, the clamping grooves (8) are sector holes with 45-degree central angles located on the lower side of the left half part of the spherical shell in the longitudinal direction, the clamping grooves (9) are sector holes with 22.5-degree longitudinal central angles located on the left side and the right side of the top end of the spherical shell respectively, the clamping grooves (10) are sector holes with 45-degree longitudinal central angles, and the positions of the clamping grooves are determined according to the space positions of a ring cable and an inclined cable in a specific rib-.
The rib ring type cable dome structure adjustable spherical joint is characterized in that the guide rail type lug plate (2) is divided into an outward extending part and a guide rail part, the joint can be divided into a transverse guide rail type lug plate (11) and a vertical guide rail type lug plate (12) according to the direction of the outward extending part, the cross section of the outward extending part is in a combination of a semicircle and a rectangle, and the cross section of the guide rail part is in an arch shape which is attached to the inner circle of the spherical shell central body (1).
The adjustable spherical joint of the rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure is characterized in that the thickness, the sectional dimension and the distance from the outermost edge of the guide rail type ear plate (2) to the spherical center of the spherical shell central body (1) are determined by the cable head shape and the stress of a cable connected with the guide rail type ear plate.
According to the adjustable spherical joint of the rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure, sharp corners of the edges of the guide rail type lug plates (2) are chamfered, so that the sharp parts of the sharp parts are prevented from damaging operators and other components in the construction and assembly processes.
Foretell spherical node of rib ring type cable dome structure adjustable, wherein, guide tracked otic placode (2) are opened there are pinhole (3), guide tracked otic placode (2) are with draw-in groove (7, 8, 9, 10) as the track around the centre of sphere free rotation, different positions's pinhole (3) can be decided in guide tracked otic placode (2), different contained angles between cable and the depression bar can be represented in different positions ' pinhole (3), the space position that accords with actual connecting element can be constructed out in a flexible and changeable way in different positions's guide tracked otic placode (2), in addition, several guide tracked otic placode (2) can be installed in order to satisfy the demand of connecting more cable members to same draw-in groove.
The adjustable spherical joint of the rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure is characterized in that the guide rail type lug plate (2) is a standard component in the adjustable joint, and the lug plate is connected with a tension member through a hydrant by utilizing a pin hole (3) on the lug plate.
According to the rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure adjustable spherical joint, the conical joint conversion member (4) is connected with the spherical shell central body (1) in a welding mode, and the conical joint conversion member and the spherical shell central body form a main body structure of the rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure adjustable spherical joint.
The adjustable spherical joint of the rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure is characterized in that the shape and the size of the conical joint conversion member (4) are determined according to the section shape and the stress magnitude of the connected compression rod piece (5), the lower surface of the conical joint conversion member (4) is provided with a threaded slotted hole (6) capable of being directly connected with the compression member, and the diameter and the depth of the slotted hole (6) are determined according to the section form, the stress magnitude and the specific connection form of the connected compression rod piece (5).
The adjustable spherical node of the rib ring type cable dome structure is arranged at two ends of a compression rod piece (5), positive and negative threads are carved at two ends of the compression rod piece (5), and the distance between the centers of the two nodes can be adjusted by rotating the compression rod piece (5).
The adjustable spherical node of the rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure can be used as an upper node of the rib-ring-shaped cable dome, can be used as a lower node of the rib-ring-shaped cable dome after rotation, and can be used in small mechanical structures and model structures.
The adjustable spherical joint of the rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure is characterized in that a spherical shell central body (1) is connected with a conical joint conversion member (4) in a welding mode to form a main body structure of the joint, a guide rail type lug plate (2) is placed into the spherical shell central body along the direction in which the section of the guide rail part of the lug plate is consistent with that of a clamping groove, then the lug plate is rotated by 90 degrees to form radial constraint on the lug plate, the upper joint and the lower joint are assembled by adopting the corresponding lug plate and the clamping groove respectively, the assembled lug plate can be rotated around the sphere center along the clamping groove to be adjusted to adapt to the actual engineering condition, after all the lug plates are installed in place, the whole joint is assembled, and then other tension and compression members can be assembled and.
The adjustable spherical node of the rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure provided by the invention overcomes the defects of various types, complex structure, lack of standardization and lack of adjustability of the nodes in the conventional cable rod structure. The concrete advantages include: the node is adjustable and can be assembled, all components are standardized, and the node is light and efficient. The node adjustability widens the application range of the node while simplifying the node types; the assembly of the node facilitates the construction and installation of the structure, and meanwhile, the maintenance and replacement of the node are facilitated; the standardization of the accessories simplifies the manufacturing process, improves the construction efficiency and reduces the construction cost; the spherical shell structure can reduce weight and has excellent stress performance, and in addition, the hollow design of the spherical shell can effectively reduce the influence caused by external wind load and snow load. The invention can be used in small mechanical structure and model structure besides the rib ring type cable dome structure.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the spherical shell centerbody of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the spherical shell centerbody of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view a-a of the front view of the spherical shell centerbody of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view B-B of a top view of the spherical shell centerbody of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view C-C of a top view of the spherical shell centerbody of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a top view of the rail-style ear plate of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a side view of a rail-style ear plate of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a view of a three-dimensional assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a three-dimensional assembly drawing of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The invention relates to an adjustable spherical node of a rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure, which mainly overcomes the defects of various types, complex structure, lack of standardization and lack of adjustability of the traditional connecting nodes in the rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure, thereby simplifying the node form on the basis of ensuring the stress performance of the node, fully standardizing the components in the node, ensuring that the node has adjustable performance and forming the adjustable node.
As shown in figure 1, the adjustable spherical joint of the rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure mainly comprises a spherical shell central body (1), a guide rail type ear plate (2) and a conical joint conversion member (4).
As shown in figure 1, the adjustable spherical nodes of the rib-ring type cable dome structure are respectively connected to two ends of a compression member (5), and the compression member (5) is connected with other tension members through guide rail type lug plates (2) on the nodes to form a complete structural system.
As shown in fig. 9, the spherical shell central body (1) and the cone joint conversion member (4) jointly form a central structure of the adjustable spherical joint by welding, and the lower surface of the cone joint conversion member (4) is provided with a threaded hole groove (6) for connecting the compression member (5).
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6, four hollowed-out clamping grooves (7, 8, 9 and 10) matched with the guide rail type lug plates (2) are formed in the surface of the central body of the spherical shell, the dead weight of the node is reduced, the influence of external wind and snow loads can be reduced, the width of each clamping groove is consistent with the thickness of the guide rail type lug plates (2), and the section of each clamping groove is in a fan shape with the radius being consistent with that of the spherical shell.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the locking groove (7) is a sector hole with a central angle of 90 degrees and is positioned on the right side of the front half part of the spherical shell.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, the locking groove (8) is a sector hole with a 45-degree longitudinal central angle at the lower side of the left half of the spherical shell, and the locking groove (9) is a sector hole with a 22.5-degree longitudinal central angle of 45 degrees at the left and right sides of the top end of the spherical shell.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 6, the clamping groove (10) is a longitudinal fan-shaped hole with a central angle of 45 degrees, and the position of the fan-shaped hole is determined according to the spatial position of the ring cable and the oblique cable in a specific rib-ring-type cable dome structure.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the guide-rail-type ear plate (2) is divided into two parts of an extension part and a guide rail, and can be divided into two parts of a transverse guide-rail-type ear plate (11) and a vertical guide-rail-type ear plate (12) according to the direction of the extension part of the guide rail, the section of the guide rail part is in an arch shape which is attached to the inner circle of the central body of the spherical shell, and the guide-rail-type ear plate (2) is provided with a pin hole (3) for connecting a guy cable, so that the structural form not only ensures the adjustability of the ear plate, but also ensures that the guide-rail-type ear plate (2) is attached to the central body (1.
As shown in figure 7 and figure 8, the thickness, the sectional dimension, the distance from the outermost edge to the spherical center of the spherical shell central body (1) and the position of the pin hole (3) formed on the rail-type lug plate (2) are determined by the shape of the cable head of the cable connected with the rail-type lug plate and the stress.
As shown in fig. 10, the guide rail type ear plate (2) is placed into the spherical shell central body (1) along the direction that the section of the guide rail part is consistent with that of the clamping groove, and then is rotated by 90 degrees to form radial constraint on the ear plate, the installed guide rail type ear plate (2) can freely slide and adjust around the spherical center of the spherical shell central body along the clamping groove, the design can reduce construction errors, and the guide rail type ear plates (2) in different positions and numbers can flexibly and variably construct space positions which accord with actual connecting components.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, when the adjustable spherical node is used as an upper node of a ribbed ring type cable dome, the clamping groove (7) is used for connecting the transverse guide rail type ear plate (11) so as to connect a ridge cable, the clamping groove (8) is used for connecting the vertical guide rail type ear plate (12) so as to connect a skew cable, and the clamping groove (9) is used for connecting the vertical guide rail type ear plate (12) so as to connect the ridge cable.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, when the adjustable spherical node is used as a lower node of a ribbed ring type cable dome, the clamping groove (7) is used for connecting the transverse guide rail type lug plate (11) so as to connect a ring cable, the clamping groove (8) is used for connecting the vertical guide rail type lug plate (12) so as to connect a ring cable, and the clamping groove (10) is used for connecting the vertical guide rail type lug plate (12) so as to connect a skew cable.
The adjustability of the invention and the standardization of all accessories simplify the node types, the processing and the manufacture as well as the construction and the installation. Moreover, the adjustability of the nodes widens the application range of the nodes while simplifying the types of the nodes, and facilitates the maintenance, replacement and reuse of the nodes; the standardization of the fittings simplifies the manufacturing process, improves the construction efficiency and reduces the construction cost.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is only illustrative of the principles of the invention and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a spherical node of rib ring type cable dome structure adjustable which characterized in that: the node is formed by assembling a spherical shell central body (1), a guide rail type lug plate (2) and a conical joint conversion member (4); the node is a connecting node for connecting the compression member and the tension member, and the whole node not only can be assembled and disassembled, but also has adjustable performance; the node spherical shell central body (1) is provided with clamping grooves (7, 8, 9 and 10) for clamping the guide rail type lug plates (2), the shape and the size of the clamping grooves on the node spherical shell central body (1) are matched with the guide rail type lug plates (2), the width of the clamping grooves is consistent with the thickness of the guide rail type lug plates (2), the section of the clamping grooves is a sector with the radius consistent with that of a spherical shell, and the number and the positions of the clamping grooves are determined according to the space positions and the stress sizes of all components connected with the nodes in a specific structure; the guide rail type lug plate (2) is divided into an outward extending part and a guide rail part, the outward extending part can be divided into a transverse guide rail type lug plate (11) and a vertical guide rail type lug plate (12) according to the direction, the thickness, the section size and the distance from the outermost edge to the spherical center of the spherical shell central body (1) are determined by the shape and the stress size of a cable head of a guy cable connected with the guide rail part, the section of the guide rail part is in an arc shape fitted with the inner circle of the spherical shell central body, and the guide rail type lug plate (2) is placed into the spherical shell central body (1) along the direction that the section of the guide rail part is consistent with the section of the clamping groove and then rotates 90 degrees to form radial constraint on the lug; the guide rail type ear plate (2) is a standard component in the adjustable node, and the guide rail type ear plate (2) is connected with the tension member through a hydrant by utilizing a pin hole (3) on the guide rail type ear plate; the conical joint conversion member (4) and the spherical shell central body (1) jointly form a main body structure of a node, the shape and the size of the conical joint conversion member (4) are determined according to the cross-sectional shape and the stress size of the connected compression rod piece (5), and the lower surface of the conical joint conversion member is provided with a threaded groove hole (6) which can be directly connected with the compression member (5); the diameter and the depth of the threaded slotted hole (6) are determined according to the cross section shape and the stress size of the connected pressure rod piece (5); the adjustable nodes at the two ends of the pressed rod piece (5) are respectively provided with positive and negative threads in the slotted hole (6).
2. The adjustable spherical node of a rib-ring-shaped cable dome structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spherical shell central body (1) in the node can be used as a universal standard component by digging clamping grooves (7, 8, 9, 10) according to the spatial position relation of the components in the actual engineering project, and all the guide rail type lug plates (2) and the conical joint conversion components (4) in the whole structure can also be used as a universal standard component according to the shapes and the stress of the components in the actual engineering project.
3. The adjustable spherical node of a rib-ring type cable dome structure according to claim 1, wherein the adjustability of the node is realized by clamping the corresponding guide-rail-type ear plate (2) into the corresponding clamping groove (7, 8, 9, 10) according to the topological relation of the members connected with the node, and then the ear plate can freely rotate around the sphere center at any angle within the allowable range of the clamping groove.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN202011289941.3A CN112459334A (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2020-11-17 | Rib ring type cable dome structure adjustable spherical node |
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CN202011289941.3A CN112459334A (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2020-11-17 | Rib ring type cable dome structure adjustable spherical node |
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CN202011289941.3A Withdrawn CN112459334A (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2020-11-17 | Rib ring type cable dome structure adjustable spherical node |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113235731A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-08-10 | 太原理工大学 | Floor position adjustable assembled welding clean shot node reinforcing apparatus |
CN113356355A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-09-07 | 徐州腾鲁重工科技有限公司 | Steel structure for connecting net racks |
CN113653181A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-11-16 | 合肥赛欧机械制造有限公司 | Steel structure net rack |
CN114150767A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-03-08 | 田定华 | Primary and secondary self-locking type steel rod structure connecting piece |
CN114856068A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-08-05 | 浙江大学 | Cable dome structure adopting continuous ridge cables |
-
2020
- 2020-11-17 CN CN202011289941.3A patent/CN112459334A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113235731A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-08-10 | 太原理工大学 | Floor position adjustable assembled welding clean shot node reinforcing apparatus |
CN113235731B (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2022-07-29 | 太原理工大学 | Rib plate position adjustable assembled welding clean shot node reinforcing apparatus |
CN113356355A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-09-07 | 徐州腾鲁重工科技有限公司 | Steel structure for connecting net racks |
CN113653181A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-11-16 | 合肥赛欧机械制造有限公司 | Steel structure net rack |
CN114150767A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-03-08 | 田定华 | Primary and secondary self-locking type steel rod structure connecting piece |
CN114150767B (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2023-12-08 | 天津市港丰建筑安装工程有限公司 | Primary and secondary self-locking steel rod structure connecting piece |
CN114856068A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-08-05 | 浙江大学 | Cable dome structure adopting continuous ridge cables |
CN114856068B (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2023-02-03 | 浙江大学 | Cable dome structure adopting continuous ridge cables |
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Application publication date: 20210309 |