CN112457894A - Solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line - Google Patents
Solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line Download PDFInfo
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- CN112457894A CN112457894A CN202011547620.9A CN202011547620A CN112457894A CN 112457894 A CN112457894 A CN 112457894A CN 202011547620 A CN202011547620 A CN 202011547620A CN 112457894 A CN112457894 A CN 112457894A
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005815 base catalysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 396
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 18
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 description 55
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 44
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 44
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007171 acid catalysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002815 homogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013547 stew Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/04—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils
- C11C3/10—Ester interchange
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line which comprises a methanol supply system, a pre-esterification module and an ester exchange module, wherein the methanol supply system supplies high-purity methanol required by reaction to the pre-esterification module and the ester exchange module, the methanol supply system collects methanol mixed liquid obtained after the pre-esterification module and the ester exchange module react, and a product output end of the pre-esterification module is communicated with a raw material input end of the ester exchange module. The production line for preparing the biodiesel by the solid acid-base catalysis has the advantages of low production cost, easy separation of products, easy recovery of catalysts, no corrosion of reaction systems, normal reaction pressure, strong adaptability of raw materials and diversified processes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a biodiesel production device, in particular to a solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line.
Background
The main component of the kitchen waste oil is triglyceride, the kitchen waste oil is directly discharged as waste oil and can cause pollution to the environment, and the currently common recycling mode is to prepare the kitchen waste oil into biodiesel through chemical reaction, so that waste is changed into valuable.
The currently commonly used biodiesel preparation device mainly adopts an enzyme catalysis method, an acid catalysis method and an alkali catalysis method, wherein the enzyme catalysis method has the best reaction effect, but the enzyme has the defects of high price, easy inactivation, long reaction time and the like; the acid catalysis method mainly adopts homogeneous phase acid (such as concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid) to catalyze the ester exchange reaction at present, the acid catalysis reaction condition is easy to realize, the raw material adaptability is good, but the side reactions are more, the product is difficult to separate, the environmental pollution is serious, the reaction time is long, and the corrosion resistance requirement on reaction equipment is higher; the alkali catalysis method mainly adopts homogeneous alkali (such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide) to catalyze the ester exchange reaction at present, the alkali catalysis reaction has high speed and high efficiency, but has poor adaptability to raw materials (such as saponification reaction and the like can occur when the acid value of the raw materials is too high, the conversion rate is reduced), and the homogeneous catalyst is difficult to recover after reaction, generates a large amount of waste water and causes corrosion and the like to equipment.
In order to solve the above problems, people are always seeking an ideal technical solution.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the production line for preparing the solid acid-base catalytic biodiesel, which has the advantages of low production cost, easy product separation, easy catalyst recovery, no corrosion of a reaction system, normal reaction pressure, strong raw material adaptability and diversified processes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line comprises a methanol supply system, a pre-esterification module and an ester exchange module, wherein the methanol supply system provides high-purity methanol required by reaction for the pre-esterification module and the ester exchange module, the methanol supply system collects methanol mixed liquid obtained after the pre-esterification module and the ester exchange module react, and a product output end of the pre-esterification module is communicated with a raw material input end of the ester exchange module.
Based on the above, the pre-esterification module includes raw oil storage tank, pre-esterification reaction tank, first heating device, first bag filter and pre-esterification product oil tank, the discharge gate of raw oil storage tank passes through the pipeline intercommunication the feed inlet of pre-esterification reaction tank, the liquid outlet intercommunication of methyl alcohol supply system the inlet of pre-esterification reaction tank, first heating device does pre-esterification reaction tank provides reaction temperature, the reaction liquid export intercommunication of pre-esterification reaction tank the feed inlet of first bag filter, the discharge gate of first bag filter communicates respectively through taking valve branch pipe pre-esterification product oil tank with the liquid return mouth of methyl alcohol supply system.
Based on the above, the ester exchange module comprises an ester exchange raw oil storage tank, an ester exchange reaction tank, a second heating device, a second bag filter and a product collection tank, wherein a discharge port of the pre-esterification product oil tank is communicated with a feed port of the ester exchange raw oil storage tank through a pipeline, a discharge port of the ester exchange raw oil storage tank is communicated with a feed port of the ester exchange reaction tank through a pipeline, a liquid outlet of the methanol supply system is communicated with a liquid inlet of the ester exchange reaction tank, the second heating device provides a reaction temperature for the ester exchange reaction tank, a reaction liquid outlet of the ester exchange reaction tank is communicated with a feed port of the second bag filter, and a discharge port of the second bag filter is respectively communicated with the product collection tank and a liquid return port of the methanol supply system through a branch pipe with a valve.
Based on the foregoing, methyl alcohol supply system includes methyl alcohol recovery tank, rectifying column, methyl alcohol supply tank, water storage tank and accessory substance glycerine jar, the liquid return mouth of methyl alcohol recovery tank communicates respectively the discharge gate of first bag filter with the discharge gate of second bag filter, the liquid outlet intercommunication of methyl alcohol recovery tank the inlet of rectifying column, the upper end liquid outlet of rectifying column communicates through taking valve branch pipe respectively behind a condenser the methyl alcohol supply tank with the water storage tank, the liquid outlet of methyl alcohol supply tank communicates respectively the pre-esterification reaction jar with the inlet of ester exchange reaction jar, the lower extreme liquid outlet intercommunication of rectifying column accessory substance glycerine jar.
Based on the above, the methanol supply system further comprises a pre-esterification methanol supply tank, an ester exchange methanol supply tank, a pre-esterification methanol recovery tank and an ester exchange methanol recovery tank, wherein the pre-esterification methanol supply tank is communicated on a pipeline between the methanol supply tank and the pre-esterification reaction tank, the ester exchange methanol supply tank is communicated on a pipeline between the methanol supply tank and the ester exchange reaction tank, the pre-esterification methanol recovery tank is communicated on a pipeline between a discharge port of the first bag filter and the methanol recovery tank, and the ester exchange methanol recovery tank is communicated on a pipeline between a discharge port of the second bag filter and the methanol recovery tank.
Based on the aforesaid, it still includes public module, upper portion piping lane and lower piping lane, public module includes vacuum aspiration pump, vacuum buffer tank and cooling water system, upper portion piping lane includes running water inlet tube, evacuation pipe, cooling water inlet tube and cooling water outlet pipe, lower piping lane includes blow off pipe and a plurality of material pipe, the vacuum aspiration pump passes through the vacuum buffer tank intercommunication evacuation pipe, evacuation pipe provides the negative pressure for the system, the cooling water inlet tube with cooling water outlet pipe intercommunication is in on the cooling water system, the cooling water inlet tube with the cooling water outlet pipe provides the cooling water for the system, the running water inlet tube provides the running water for the system, the blow off pipe is used for the system's blowdown, and is a plurality of the material pipe provides material for the system and shifts and supply with.
Based on the above, reaction tank condensation pipes are arranged on the pre-esterification reaction tank and the ester exchange reaction tank, and the cooling water inlet pipe and the cooling water outlet pipe are communicated with the two reaction tank condensation pipes and the water inlet and outlet of the condenser; the vacuum pumping pipe is respectively communicated with the pre-esterification product oil tank, the pre-esterification methanol recovery tank, the byproduct glycerin tank, the transesterification raw oil storage tank, the transesterification methanol recovery tank and the product collection tank; the tap water inlet pipe is communicated with the ester exchange reaction tank.
Based on the above, visual cups are respectively arranged on the discharge main pipe communicated with the discharge port of the first bag filter and the discharge main pipe communicated with the discharge port of the second bag filter.
Based on the above, transparent glass is adopted for the pre-esterification reaction tank material, the ester exchange reaction tank material and the sight cup material.
Based on the above, the top outlet of the condensation pipe of the reaction tank of the pre-esterification reaction tank and the top outlet of the condensation pipe of the reaction tank of the ester exchange reaction tank are both communicated with a safe liquid seal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has outstanding substantive characteristics and remarkable progress, in particular, the invention utilizes the methanol supply system to supply high-purity methanol and collect methanol mixed liquor, utilizes the pre-esterification module to firstly carry out solid acid catalytic pre-esterification reaction, thereby improving the adaptability to raw materials, easily separating the solid acid catalyst, utilizing the ester exchange module to carry out solid base catalysis ester exchange reaction, having high reaction speed and high reaction yield, and the solid base catalyst is easy to separate, because the acid-base catalyst is solid and easy to separate, has no corrosion to the container, has lower cost and is not easy to lose efficacy compared with the traditional acid catalysis method, the method has the advantages of low production cost, easy separation of products, easy recovery of catalyst, no corrosion of a reaction system, normal reaction pressure, strong adaptability of raw materials and diversified processes.
Furthermore, the first bag filter and the second bag filter are adopted to filter the solid acid-base catalyst, so that the disassembly is convenient; the rectifying tower separates the collected methanol mixed solution, and the obtained high-purity methanol is stored in the methanol supply tank for secondary utilization, so that the methanol consumption is saved, and the environmental pollution is reduced; the common module utilizes a vacuum air exhaust system and a cooling water system to intensively provide vacuum and cooling water for the methanol supply system, the pre-esterification module and the ester exchange module, and the arrangement of the upper pipe gallery and the lower pipe gallery enables the layout of all pipelines to be more tidy and reasonable; the visual cup is convenient for observing the liquid outlet condition, and residual liquid in the dead zone of the pipeline can be discharged by matching with vacuum material guiding; transparent glass is adopted for the material of the pre-esterification reaction tank, the material of the ester exchange reaction tank and the material of the visual cup, so that the product liquid separation operation in the reaction and the post-treatment is convenient to observe; the safety of the pre-esterification reaction tank and the ester exchange reaction tank is ensured by the arrangement of the safety liquid seal.
This solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line more is applicable to teaching and practical training, can adopt soybean oil and oleic acid combination to simulate kitchen waste oil as model compound when teaching and practical training, and this makes the acid value of raw materials adjustable, can simulate the raw oil under the different acid value condition and prepare biodiesel, and the raw materials is easily obtained, can diversify to different acid value raw oil processes, and it is very convenient to observe. The biodiesel preparation production line relates to various chemical operations such as liquid conveying, heating, liquid separation, washing and rectification, and the liquid conveying mode comprises gravity conveying, negative pressure conveying and pump body conveying, so that the manual operation capability of experimenters can be fully exercised. The common module gives the experimenter full knowledge of the way in which the refrigeration cycle and the vacuum environment are used in production. All modules of the biodiesel preparation production line can be used together to carry out biodiesel preparation practical training, and also can be used separately to carry out reinforcement learning, so that the use mode is more diversified, and the practical training and teaching contents and forms are rich.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a solid acid-base catalyzed biodiesel manufacturing line of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a common module in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pre-esterification module of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a methanol supply system in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transesterification module of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a refrigeration circulating pump; 2. a cooling water tank; 3. a water circulating pump; 4. a vacuum buffer tank; 5. a vacuum pump; 6. a raw oil storage tank; 7. a raw oil pump; 8. a first heating device; 9. a pre-esterification reaction tank; 10. a first bag filter; 11. safe liquid sealing; 12. a methanol liquid inlet pump; 13. a pre-esterification methanol supply tank; 14. a pre-esterification product oil tank; 15. a pre-esterification methanol recovery tank; 16. a visual cup; 17. a water storage tank; 18. a methanol supply tank; 19. a methanol recovery tank; 20. a liquid inlet pump for the recovery liquid; 21. a condenser; 22. a rectifying tower; 23. a byproduct glycerol tank; 24. a transesterification raw oil storage tank; 25. a second heating device; 26. a transesterification methanol supply tank; 27. a transesterification raw material oil pump; 28. an ester exchange reaction tank; 29. a second bag filter; 30. a transesterification methanol recovery tank; 31. a product collection tank; 32. a fraction device; 33. a reflux pump.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-5, a solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel prepares production line, including public module, methyl alcohol supply system, esterification module and ester exchange module in advance, public module includes vacuum aspiration pump 5, vacuum buffer tank 4, cooling water system, upper portion piping lane and lower part piping lane, cooling water system includes refrigeration cycle pump 1, cooling water pitcher 2 and circulating water pump 3, upper portion piping lane includes running water inlet tube, evacuation pipe, cooling water inlet tube and cooling water outlet pipe, lower part piping lane includes blow off pipe and a plurality of material pipe. The vacuum air pump 5 is communicated with the vacuum pumping pipe through the vacuum buffer tank 4, the vacuum buffer tank 4 can prevent back suction, and the vacuum pumping pipe provides negative pressure for the system; the refrigeration circulating pump 1 cools the cooling water tank 2, the cooling water tank 2 is communicated with the cooling water inlet pipe and the cooling water outlet pipe, the cooling water inlet pipe and the cooling water outlet pipe provide cooling water for the system, and the circulating water pump 3 provides circulating power for the cooling water; the tap water inlet pipe provides tap water for the system, the blow off pipe is used for system's blowdown, and a plurality of material pipe provides material for the system and shifts and supply with.
The methanol supply system comprises a methanol recovery tank 19, a rectifying tower 22, a methanol supply tank 18, a water storage tank 17, a byproduct glycerin tank 23, a pre-esterification methanol supply tank 13, an ester exchange methanol supply tank 26, a pre-esterification methanol recovery tank 15 and an ester exchange methanol recovery tank 30, wherein the pre-esterification methanol recovery tank 15 is used for collecting methanol mixed liquor generated by the pre-esterification module, the ester exchange methanol recovery tank 30 is used for collecting the methanol mixed liquor generated by the ester exchange module and is collected in the methanol recovery tank 19, the methanol supply tank 18 supplies liquid to the pre-esterification methanol supply tank 13 and the ester exchange methanol supply tank 26 respectively, the pre-esterification methanol supply tank 13 provides high-purity methanol required by the reaction for the pre-esterification module, and the ester exchange methanol supply tank 26 provides high-purity methanol required by the reaction for the ester exchange module.
A liquid outlet of the methanol recovery tank 19 is communicated with a liquid inlet of the rectifying tower 22, power is provided by a recovery liquid inlet pump 20, a liquid outlet at the upper end of the rectifying tower 22 passes through a condenser 21 and then is respectively communicated with the methanol supply tank 18 and the water storage tank 17 through a branch pipe with a valve, and a liquid outlet at the lower end of the rectifying tower 22 is communicated with the byproduct glycerol tank 23; the recovered methanol mixed liquid is rectified and separated by a rectifying tower 22, water with small boiling point and methanol flow out from a liquid outlet at the upper end, the water is stored in a water storage tank 17 after being cooled by a condenser 21 according to different liquid outlet temperatures, the rectified methanol is stored in a methanol supply tank 18, and glycerin with high boiling point is collected into a byproduct glycerin tank 23, so that the methanol is recycled and the byproduct is collected. A liquid outlet header pipe connected with a liquid outlet at the upper end of the rectifying tower 22 is also provided with a fraction device 32, and the liquid outlet header pipe is also communicated with the inside of the rectifying tower 22 through a reflux pump 33.
The pre-esterification module specifically comprises a raw oil storage tank 6, a pre-esterification reaction tank 9, a first heating device 8, a first bag filter 10 and a pre-esterification product oil tank 14, wherein a discharge port of the raw oil storage tank 6 is communicated with a feed port of the pre-esterification reaction tank 9 through a pipeline, and a raw oil pump 7 is arranged on the pipeline for providing power; the pre-esterification methanol supply tank 13 is communicated with a liquid inlet of the pre-esterification reaction tank 9 through a pipeline, wherein a methanol liquid inlet pump 12 is arranged on the pipeline for providing power; the first heating device 8 provides a reaction temperature for the pre-esterification reaction tank 9, and the first heating device 8 specifically adopts a constant-temperature water bath; the reaction liquid outlet intercommunication of esterification reaction jar 9 in advance the feed inlet of first bag filter 10, the discharge gate of first bag filter 10 communicates respectively through taking the valve branch pipe esterification product oil tank 14 and the methanol recovery jar 15 of esterifying in advance, and the layering that stews of reaction liquid after the esterification reaction finishes in advance in esterification reaction jar 9 filters solid acid catalyst through first bag filter 10, and through the switching of taking the valve branch pipe, with the reaction product divide into esterification product oil tank 14 in advance, the methanol mixture divides into methanol recovery jar 15 of esterifying in advance.
The transesterification module specifically comprises a transesterification raw oil storage tank 24, a transesterification reaction tank 28, a second heating device 25, a second bag filter 29 and a product collection tank 31, wherein a discharge port of the pre-esterification product oil tank 14 is communicated with a feed port of the transesterification raw oil storage tank 24 through a pipeline, a discharge port of the transesterification raw oil storage tank 24 is communicated with a feed port of the transesterification reaction tank 28 through a pipeline, and a transesterification raw oil pump 27 is arranged on the pipeline for providing power; the ester exchange methanol supply tank 26 is communicated with a liquid inlet of the ester exchange reaction tank 28 through a pipeline, wherein a methanol liquid inlet pump 12 is arranged on the pipeline for providing power; the second heating device 25 provides a reaction temperature for the transesterification reaction tank 28, and the second heating device 25 also adopts a constant-temperature water bath; the reaction liquid outlet of the ester exchange reaction tank 28 is communicated with the feed inlet of the second bag filter 29, the discharge port of the second bag filter 29 is respectively communicated with the product collection tank 31 and the ester exchange methanol recovery tank 30 through a branch pipe with a valve, the reaction liquid in the ester exchange reaction tank 28 is stood for layering after the ester exchange reaction is finished, the solid base catalyst is filtered out through the second bag filter 29, the reaction product is distributed into the product collection tank 31 through the switching of the branch pipe with the valve, and the methanol mixed liquid is distributed into the ester exchange methanol recovery tank 30.
Reaction tank condensation pipes are arranged on the pre-esterification reaction tank 9 and the ester exchange reaction tank 28, and the cooling water inlet pipe and the cooling water outlet pipe are communicated with the two reaction tank condensation pipes and water inlets and water outlets of the condensers so as to provide cooling water required by condensation; the vacuum pumping pipe is respectively communicated with the pre-esterification product oil tank 14, the pre-esterification methanol recovery tank 15, the methanol recovery tank 19, the byproduct glycerol tank 23, the raw transesterification oil storage tank 24, the methanol transesterification recovery tank 30 and the product collection tank 31, and is used for vacuum material guiding; the tap water inlet pipe is communicated with the ester exchange reaction tank 28 and is used for washing products.
In order to facilitate observation of the reaction and subsequent liquid separation operation of the reacted product, transparent glass is adopted for the pre-esterification reaction tank 9, the ester exchange reaction tank 28 and the visual cup 19; in order to facilitate the clean discharge of residual liquid in the dead zone of the pipeline, in combination with a vacuum system, visual cups 16 are respectively arranged on the discharge main pipe communicated with the discharge port of the first bag filter 10 and the discharge main pipe communicated with the discharge port of the second bag filter 29.
In order to ensure the reaction safety, the pre-esterification reaction tank 9 and the ester exchange reaction tank 28 are both communicated with a safety liquid seal 11, the safety liquid seal 11 is specifically installed at the top end of a condensation pipe of the reaction tank, on one hand, the pressure in the reaction tank can be kept in a normal pressure range, the reaction safety is ensured, on the other hand, overflowed methanol steam can be absorbed, and the environment pollution caused by the inflowing air is avoided.
When the solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line is used for practical training teaching, the soybean oil and oleic acid composition can be used for simulating kitchen waste oil, the acid value of the raw material is adjustable, and thus raw material oil under the conditions of different acid values can be simulated, and the practical training range is greatly improved. During the pre-esterification reaction, firstly, a raw oil storage tank 6 and a pre-esterification methanol supply tank 13 pump soybean oil and high-purity methanol with the mass ratio of 1:2 into a pre-esterification reaction tank 9 according to the proportion, and then a certain amount of oleic acid (the mass ratio of the oleic acid to the soybean oil is 1: 20) and a solid acid catalyst (the mass ratio of the solid acid catalyst to the soybean oil is 1:25) are added; then starting stirring, cooling water circulation and a first heating device 8, reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, taking a lower layer of oil sample from the bottom of the pre-esterification reaction tank 9 for titrimetric analysis, and finishing the reaction when the acid value of the oil sample is less than 2 mg/KOH/(per gram of oil); and finally, standing and layering the reaction liquid, filtering the solid acid catalyst by using a first bag filter 10, and separating the lower-layer liquid into a pre-esterification product oil tank 14 and the upper-layer liquid into a pre-esterification methanol recovery tank 15 under the condition of vacuum material guiding. During the ester exchange reaction, firstly, pumping a pre-esterification product and high-purity methanol with the mass ratio of 1:1 into an ester exchange reaction tank 28 according to the proportion from an ester exchange raw oil storage tank 24 and an ester exchange methanol supply tank 26, and then adding a certain amount of solid base catalyst (the mass ratio of the solid base catalyst to the pre-esterification product oil is 1: 25); then starting stirring, cooling water circulation and a second heating device 25, and finishing the reaction after reacting for 2 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃; filtering the solid base catalyst by a second bag filter 29, and separating the lower-layer liquid into an ester exchange methanol recovery tank 30 under the condition of vacuum material guiding; the tap water inlet pipe is used for introducing tap water into the tank to stir and wash the product, the lower-layer liquid after washing is directly discharged, the upper-layer product after washing is separated into the product collecting tank 31, the recycled methanol mixed liquid is rectified and recycled through the filler rectifying tower 22, and the glycerin byproduct with higher purity can be collected in the tower kettle of the rectifying tower.
Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line is characterized in that: the methanol pre-esterification system comprises a methanol supply system, a pre-esterification module and an ester exchange module, wherein the methanol supply system provides high-purity methanol required by reaction for the pre-esterification module and the ester exchange module, the methanol supply system collects methanol mixed liquid obtained after the pre-esterification module and the ester exchange module react, and a product output end of the pre-esterification module is communicated with a raw material input end of the ester exchange module.
2. The solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line of claim 1, wherein: the pre-esterification module comprises a raw oil storage tank, a pre-esterification reaction tank, a first heating device, a first bag filter and a pre-esterification product oil tank, wherein a discharge port of the raw oil storage tank is communicated with a feed port of the pre-esterification reaction tank through a pipeline, a liquid outlet of the methanol supply system is communicated with a liquid inlet of the pre-esterification reaction tank, the first heating device is used for supplying reaction temperature to the pre-esterification reaction tank, a reaction liquid outlet of the pre-esterification reaction tank is communicated with the feed port of the first bag filter, and the discharge port of the first bag filter is respectively communicated with the pre-esterification product oil tank and a liquid return port of the methanol supply system through a branch pipe with a valve.
3. The solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line of claim 2, wherein: the transesterification module comprises a transesterification raw oil storage tank, a transesterification reaction tank, a second heating device, a second bag filter and a product collecting tank, wherein a discharge port of the pre-esterification product oil tank is communicated with a feed port of the transesterification raw oil storage tank through a pipeline, a discharge port of the transesterification raw oil storage tank is communicated with a feed port of the transesterification reaction tank through a pipeline, a liquid outlet of the methanol supply system is communicated with a liquid inlet of the transesterification reaction tank, the second heating device provides reaction temperature for the transesterification reaction tank, a reaction liquid outlet of the transesterification reaction tank is communicated with a feed port of the second bag filter, and a discharge port of the second bag filter is respectively communicated with the product collecting tank and a liquid return port of the methanol supply system through a branch pipe with a valve.
4. The solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line of claim 3, wherein: methanol supply system includes methanol recovery jar, rectifying column, methanol supply jar, water storage tank and accessory substance glycerine jar, the liquid mouth that returns of methanol recovery jar communicates respectively the discharge gate of first bag filter with the discharge gate of second bag filter, the liquid outlet intercommunication of methanol recovery jar the inlet of rectifying column, the upper end liquid outlet of rectifying column communicates through taking valve branch pipe respectively behind a condenser the methanol supply jar with the water storage tank, the liquid outlet of methanol supply jar communicates respectively the pre-esterification reaction jar with the inlet of ester exchange reaction jar, the lower extreme liquid outlet intercommunication of rectifying column accessory substance glycerine jar.
5. The solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line of claim 4, wherein: the methanol supply system further comprises a pre-esterification methanol supply tank, an ester exchange methanol supply tank, a pre-esterification methanol recovery tank and an ester exchange methanol recovery tank, wherein the pre-esterification methanol supply tank is communicated on a pipeline between the methanol supply tank and the pre-esterification reaction tank, the ester exchange methanol supply tank is communicated on a pipeline between the methanol supply tank and the ester exchange reaction tank, the pre-esterification methanol recovery tank is communicated on a pipeline between a discharge port of the first bag filter and the methanol recovery tank, and the ester exchange methanol recovery tank is communicated on a pipeline between a discharge port of the second bag filter and the methanol recovery tank.
6. The solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line of claim 5, wherein: it still includes public module, upper portion piping lane and lower part piping lane, public module includes vacuum aspiration pump, vacuum buffer tank and cooling water system, upper portion piping lane includes running water inlet tube, evacuation pipe, cooling water inlet tube and cooling water outlet pipe, lower part piping lane includes blow off pipe and a plurality of material pipe, the vacuum aspiration pump passes through the vacuum buffer tank intercommunication vacuum evacuation pipe, evacuation pipe provides the negative pressure for the system, the cooling water inlet tube with cooling water outlet pipe intercommunication is in on the cooling water system, the cooling water inlet tube with the cooling water outlet pipe provides the cooling water for the system, the running water inlet tube provides the running water for the system, the blow off pipe is used for the system's blowdown, and is a plurality of the material pipe provides the material for the system and shifts and supply with.
7. The solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line of claim 6, wherein: reaction tank condensation pipes are respectively arranged on the pre-esterification reaction tank and the ester exchange reaction tank, and the cooling water inlet pipe and the cooling water outlet pipe are communicated with the two reaction tank condensation pipes and water inlets and water outlets of the condensers; the vacuum pumping pipe is respectively communicated with the pre-esterification product oil tank, the pre-esterification methanol recovery tank, the byproduct glycerin tank, the transesterification raw oil storage tank, the transesterification methanol recovery tank and the product collection tank; the tap water inlet pipe is communicated with the ester exchange reaction tank.
8. The solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line of claim 7, wherein: and visual cups are respectively arranged on the discharge main pipe communicated with the discharge port of the first bag filter and the discharge main pipe communicated with the discharge port of the second bag filter.
9. The solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line of claim 8, wherein: the pre-esterification reaction tank, the ester exchange reaction tank and the sight cup are all made of transparent glass.
10. The solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line of claim 9, wherein: and the top end outlet of the condensation pipe of the reaction tank of the pre-esterification reaction tank and the top end outlet of the condensation pipe of the reaction tank of the ester exchange reaction tank are both communicated with a safe liquid seal.
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| US20140194634A1 (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2014-07-10 | Beijing Qingyanlihua Petroleum Chemistry Co., Ltd. | Method for preparing high purity biodiesel |
| CN214571757U (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-11-02 | 河南莱帕克化工设备制造有限公司 | Solid acid-base catalysis biodiesel preparation production line |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101429441A (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2009-05-13 | 荆门市倬臣生物工程有限公司 | Production process for biodiesel for automobile |
| US20130245300A1 (en) * | 2010-09-14 | 2013-09-19 | Kyent Chin | Process for the Production of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters From Variable Feedstock Using Heterogeneous Catalysts |
| US20140194634A1 (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2014-07-10 | Beijing Qingyanlihua Petroleum Chemistry Co., Ltd. | Method for preparing high purity biodiesel |
| WO2014084938A1 (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2014-06-05 | Menlo Energy Management, LLC | Production of biodiesel from feedstock |
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