CN112457419B - Method for shortening corn soaking time by using tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid - Google Patents
Method for shortening corn soaking time by using tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid Download PDFInfo
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- C08B30/00—Preparation of starch, degraded or non-chemically modified starch, amylose, or amylopectin
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for shortening corn soaking time by using a tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid, and belongs to the technical field of corn deep processing. The problems of long corn soaking time, high energy consumption and large wastewater discharge in the prior art are solved, and the problems comprise a corn pretreatment process, a tumbling process, a countercurrent soaking process and a corn starch preparation process; the rolling and kneading process is to add sulfurous acid and corn into a rolling and kneading machine according to the mass ratio of 1.1 to 1.5, to roll and knead, wherein the rolling and kneading process adopts unidirectional intermittent rolling and kneading, the rolling and kneading speed is 2 to 8rpm, the total rolling and kneading treatment time is 3 to 8h, the rolling and kneading process is set to be 20min for rolling and kneading, and the standing is carried out for 10min and is circulated in sequence. The invention can be used for producing corn starch.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for shortening corn soaking time by using a tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid, and belongs to the technical field of corn deep processing.
Background
The corn starch wet processing technology is a main technology adopted internationally, the first procedure involved in the processing process is a corn soaking procedure, the quality of the soaking effect and the soaking time directly influence the yield, quality and production cost of starch finished products and other byproducts in the corn deep processing. The traditional corn soaking process generally adopts sulfurous acid to soak for 36-48 h, and the method has the defects of long soaking time, high production cost, low production efficiency, high energy consumption, large wastewater discharge amount and the like.
At present, most manufacturers adopt a multi-tank series countercurrent soaking method. The process usually consists of 8 to 12 tank bodies. The tank bodies are connected in series through pipelines, so that the soaking solution circulates under the action of the pump. The process comprises the following steps: old pulp is added into the newly-installed corn, fresh acid is added into the corn with long soaking time, and the reverse flow of the soaking solution is realized between the tanks through a pipeline and a pump, so that the soluble substances in the corn kernel and the soaking solution are always kept at a certain concentration difference, and the soluble substances in the corn are fully extracted.
Although the traditional soaking process can extract up to 90% of starch in corn grains, the requirements on time and energy are high. Reducing the soaking time can reduce energy consumption and shorten the production period, but has many problems in terms of product quality and yield. The invention combines the vacuum rolling and kneading technology with sulfurous acid soaking for the first time, thus greatly shortening the soaking time, reducing the energy consumption of corn starch production, saving the soaking water, lowering the cost and reducing the pollution. Has extremely important significance for the corn starch production industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for shortening the corn soaking time by using a tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid, which has the characteristics of short soaking time, short production period and low energy consumption.
A method for shortening corn soaking time by using a tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid comprises a corn pretreatment process, a tumbling process, a countercurrent soaking process and a corn starch preparation process; adding sulfurous acid and corns into a tumbling machine according to the mass ratio of 1.1-1.5 to carry out tumbling, wherein the tumbling process adopts unidirectional intermittent tumbling, the tumbling speed is 2-8rpm, the total time of tumbling treatment is 3-8h, the tumbling process is set to be 20min, and standing is carried out for 10min for sequential circulation.
Further, the rolling process is set to have a vacuum degree of 0.06 to 0.1MPa and a rolling temperature of 6 to 15 ℃.
Further, the rolling process is set to be 0.08MPa in vacuum degree, 7-12 ℃ in rolling temperature and 5-8 rpm in rolling speed.
Further, the countercurrent soaking process is to place the mixture of the rolled corn and sulfurous acid into a soaking tank for continuous countercurrent soaking, wherein the total soaking time is 10 to 20h, and the soaking temperature is 45 to 55 ℃.
Further, the countercurrent soaking method comprises the following steps: and 5 soaking tanks are adopted for circulation, the tanks are poured once every 2 to 4 hours, and the total counter current soaking time is 10 to 20h.
Further, the mass concentration of the sulfurous acid is 0.2-0.3%.
Further, in the tumbling process, the mass ratio of sulfurous acid to corn is 1.25.
Further, the countercurrent soaking method comprises the following steps: 5 soaking tanks are adopted for circulation, the tank is inverted every 3h, and the total time of the countercurrent soaking is 15h.
Further, in the tumbling process, the total tumbling treatment time is 6 hours.
Further, the mass concentration of the sulfurous acid is 0.26%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the corn is treated by adopting a vacuum tumbling technology, corn kernels are continuously turned, rubbed and impacted in the tumbling cylinder under the action of strong mechanical force, so that corn epidermal fibers are broken and epidermal cells are physically damaged, and sulfurous acid can be promoted to quickly permeate into the corn kernels; meanwhile, in the vacuum tumbling process, because negative pressure is formed in the roller under the vacuum condition, the corn kernels expand, the fiber structure of the corn epidermis becomes loose, the space is enlarged, the water holding capacity is enhanced, and sulfurous acid can enter the interior of the corn kernels in large quantity, so that the soaking time is effectively shortened.
According to the invention, the rolling and kneading technology is adopted to be cooperated with a sulfurous acid combined soaking mode, so that adverse effects on starch quality and product yield caused by corn treatment only by means of a mechanical arm section can be effectively avoided, the corn soaking period is greatly shortened, and the corn soaking effect is ensured.
The rolling and kneading technology is cooperated with sulfurous acid to soak the corns, so that the corn soaking time is shortened to be below 28 hours from the prior 36-48 hours, the production period of the corn starch is greatly shortened, the production energy consumption is reduced, and the wastewater discharge is reduced.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
The tumbler used in the present invention was a BVRJ-350 type vacuum tumbler (capacity 350L) manufactured by Jiaxing Aibo practice Co., ltd.
Example 1
The method for shortening the corn soaking time by using the tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid comprises a corn pretreatment process, a tumbling process, a countercurrent soaking process and a corn starch preparation process;
corn pretreatment: selecting corn with full grains, no worm damage and no mildew, removing impurities, cleaning for 1 time, and putting into a vacuum rolling and kneading machine;
the rolling and kneading process: adding 0.2% sulfurous acid and corn into a tumbler according to the mass ratio of 1.1 to 1 for tumbling, wherein the tumbling process adopts one-way intermittent tumbling, the tumbling speed is 2rpm, the total time of tumbling treatment is 3h, the tumbling process is set as tumbling for 20min, and standing for 10min for sequential circulation; the vacuum degree is set to be 0.06MPa in the rolling process, and the rolling temperature is 6 ℃;
and (3) a countercurrent soaking process: and (3) putting the rolled and kneaded corn and sulfurous acid mixture into a soaking tank to continuously perform countercurrent soaking for 10 total time. The specific method is to adopt 5 soaking tanks to circulate, pour the tank once every 2, the total time of countercurrent soaking is 10h;
the corn starch preparation process comprises the following steps: the soaked corn is subjected to germ/fiber separation, fine grinding, centrifugal separation, washing and drying to obtain the corn starch.
Example 2
The method for shortening the corn soaking time by using the tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid comprises a corn pretreatment process, a tumbling process, a countercurrent soaking process and a corn starch preparation process;
corn pretreatment: selecting full, worm-eaten and moldy corn, removing impurities, cleaning for 3 times, and putting into a vacuum rolling and kneading machine;
the rolling and kneading process: adding 0.3% of sulfurous acid and corn into a tumbler according to the mass ratio of 1.5 to 1 for tumbling, wherein the tumbling process adopts one-way intermittent tumbling, the tumbling speed is 8rpm, the total time of the tumbling treatment is 8h, the tumbling process is set to be tumbling for 20min, and the standing for 10min is circulated in turn; the vacuum degree is set to be 0.1MPa in the rolling process, and the rolling temperature is 15 ℃;
and (3) a countercurrent soaking process: and putting the mixture of the rolled and kneaded corns and sulfurous acid into a soaking tank for continuously carrying out countercurrent soaking for 20 hours. The specific method is to adopt 5 soaking tanks to circulate, change the tank once every 4h, and the total time of the countercurrent soaking is 20h;
the corn starch preparation process comprises the following steps: the soaked corn is subjected to germ/fiber separation, fine grinding, centrifugal separation, washing and drying to obtain the corn starch.
Example 3
The method for shortening the corn soaking time by using the tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid comprises a corn pretreatment process, a tumbling process, a countercurrent soaking process and a corn starch preparation process;
corn pretreatment: selecting full, worm-eaten and moldy corn, removing impurities, cleaning for 3 times, and putting into a vacuum rolling and kneading machine;
the rolling and kneading process: adding 0.23% of sulfurous acid and corn into a tumbler according to the mass ratio of 1.4 to 1 for tumbling, wherein the tumbling process adopts one-way intermittent tumbling, the tumbling speed is 3rpm, the total time of tumbling treatment is 5h, the tumbling process is set as tumbling for 20min, and standing for 10min for sequential circulation; the vacuum degree is set to be 0.09MPa in the rolling process, and the rolling temperature is 15 ℃;
and (3) a countercurrent soaking process: and putting the mixture of the rolled and kneaded corns and sulfurous acid into a soaking tank for continuously carrying out countercurrent soaking for 18 hours. The specific method is to adopt 5 soaking tanks to circulate, the tank is inverted once every 2.5h, and the total time of the countercurrent soaking is 18h;
the corn starch preparation process comprises the following steps: the soaked corn is subjected to germ/fiber separation, fine grinding, centrifugal separation, washing and drying to obtain the corn starch.
Example 4
The method for shortening the corn soaking time by using the tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid comprises a corn pretreatment process, a tumbling process, a countercurrent soaking process and a corn starch preparation process;
corn pretreatment: selecting full, worm-eaten and moldy corn, removing impurities, cleaning for 2 times, and putting into a vacuum rolling and kneading machine;
the rolling and kneading process: adding sulfurous acid with the mass concentration of 0.26% and corn into a tumbler according to the mass ratio of 1.25 to 1 for tumbling, wherein the tumbling process adopts unidirectional intermittent tumbling, the tumbling speed is 6rpm, the total time of the tumbling treatment is 6h, the tumbling process is set as tumbling for 20min, and standing for 10min is circulated in sequence; the vacuum degree is set to be 0.08MPa in the rolling process, and the rolling temperature is 10 ℃;
and (3) a countercurrent soaking process: putting the rolled and kneaded mixture of the corn and the sulfurous acid into a soaking tank for continuously performing countercurrent soaking for 15 hours, wherein the specific method comprises the steps of circulating 5 soaking tanks, inverting the tanks every 3 hours, and performing countercurrent soaking for 15 hours;
the corn starch preparation process comprises the following steps: the soaked corn is subjected to germ/fiber separation, fine grinding, centrifugal separation, washing and drying to obtain the corn starch.
Comparative example
The current process (9-tank circulation countercurrent soaking process) of the company production workshop is adopted for soaking.
Selecting full, worm-eaten and mildew-free corn, removing impurities, weighing 100kg in each tank, adding 0.26% sulfurous acid according to the mass ratio of 1.5 to the corn, keeping the temperature at 50 ℃ for countercurrent soaking for 42h, coarsely grinding the soaked corn, separating germs and crude fibers, finely grinding, separating fibers, washing the starch and drying to obtain the corn starch.
The following data in the above examples and comparative examples are compared in table 1:
TABLE 1
The indexes of increase and decrease of energy consumption and increase and decrease of wastewater amount are based on the data related to the comparative example, and the proportion of increase and decrease of the example relative to the comparative example is calculated, wherein + represents increase and-represents decrease.
Corn treated according to the method of the invention: the determination shows that the water content of the soaked corn is 42.23-43.66%, the corn starch yield is 71.54-71.87%, the dry matter content in the soaking solution is 4.66-4.97%, and the protein content is 1.63-1.79% (wet basis), which is similar to the prior art, but the corn soaking period is below 28h, compared with the 42h of the comparative example, the soaking time is greatly shortened, and the energy consumption and the wastewater amount are greatly reduced.
Claims (9)
1. A method for shortening corn soaking time by using a tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises a corn pretreatment process, a rolling and kneading process, a countercurrent soaking process and a corn starch preparation process; the rolling and kneading process is to add sulfurous acid and corn into a rolling and kneading machine according to the mass ratio of 1.1 to 1.5, to roll and knead, wherein the rolling and kneading process adopts unidirectional intermittent rolling and kneading, the rolling and kneading speed is 2 to 8rpm, the total rolling and kneading treatment time is 3 to 8h, the rolling and kneading process is set to be 20min for rolling and kneading, and the standing is carried out for 10min and is circulated in sequence;
the rolling process is set with the vacuum degree of 0.06 to 0.1MPa and the rolling temperature of 6 to 15 ℃.
2. The method for shortening the corn steeping time by using the tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the tumbling process, the vacuum degree is set to be 0.08MPa, the tumbling temperature is 7 to 12 ℃, and the tumbling speed is 5 to 8rpm.
3. The method for shortening corn steeping time by using tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, wherein the counter-current steeping process is to put the tumbled corn and sulfurous acid mixture into a steeping tank for continuous counter-current steeping for 10 to 20 hours.
4. The method for shortening the corn steeping time by using the tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the countercurrent soaking method comprises the following steps: 5 soaking tanks are adopted for circulation, the tank changing is carried out once every 2 to 4 hours, the total time of the countercurrent soaking is 10 to 20h, and the soaking temperature is 45-55 ℃.
5. The method for shortening the steeping time of corn by using tumbling technique in combination with sulfurous acid as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2 or 4, wherein: the mass concentration of the sulfurous acid is 0.2-0.3%.
6. The method for shortening the corn steeping time by using the tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid as claimed in claim 5, wherein: in the tumbling process, the mass ratio of sulfurous acid to corn is 1.25.
7. The method for shortening the corn steeping time by using the tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the countercurrent soaking method comprises the following steps: 5 soaking tanks are adopted for circulation, the tank is inverted once every 3h, and the total time of countercurrent soaking is 15h.
8. The method for shortening the corn steeping time by using the tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the rolling process, the total rolling treatment time is 6 hours.
9. The method for shortening the corn steeping time by using the tumbling technology in cooperation with sulfurous acid as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the mass concentration of the sulfurous acid is 0.26 percent.
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