CN112457053B - 一种改性硅酸钙板及其表面处理方法以及应用 - Google Patents

一种改性硅酸钙板及其表面处理方法以及应用 Download PDF

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CN112457053B
CN112457053B CN202011251691.4A CN202011251691A CN112457053B CN 112457053 B CN112457053 B CN 112457053B CN 202011251691 A CN202011251691 A CN 202011251691A CN 112457053 B CN112457053 B CN 112457053B
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calcium silicate
silicate board
sizing
modified calcium
drying
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CN112457053A (zh
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丁永平
顾海兵
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Jiangsu Langyuan Meisheng New Material Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Langyuan Meisheng New Material Technology Co ltd
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Priority to US17/614,516 priority patent/US20220348512A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/127223 priority patent/WO2022100453A1/zh
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Abstract

一种改性硅酸钙板，属于地板、装饰板技术领域，改性方法是将硅酸钙板浸渍于固含量在95%以上的二氧化硅溶液中,完全吸透至饱和,再将浸渍后的硅酸钙板干燥处理；在改性完成的硅酸钙板的任一面上进行施胶硬化，获得硅酸钙板，能使三胺浸渍纸与其直接热压贴合，表结合强度达到1MPa；木皮、防火板等材料与其冷贴，产品剥离强度均符合要求，有效提高了硅酸钙板的实用性。

Description

一种改性硅酸钙板及其表面处理方法以及应用
技术领域
本发明属于地板、装饰板技术领域，尤其涉及复合装饰板材的制备技术。
背景技术
随着人民生活水平的提高，对装饰材料的环保、阻燃、美观等要求愈来愈高。硅酸钙板是一种新颖装饰材料，它的稳定性、阻燃性、无甲醛、低成本等优势越来越迎合市场的需求。
但已知的硅酸钙板，多以无机材料如硅酸钙或碳酸钙等无机材料的粉末制成，更详细地说，以硅酸质与石灰质为主要成分，经制浆、抄制、 蒸养等工序制成，由于在高温高压下反应结晶而成，故实质上为众多的硅酸钙结晶粉末；也或是以水泥、硅沙、石绵等纤维加入添加物经抄取法或流浆法高压蒸养压制而成，然而，由于粉末间的结合力弱，当要在此类硅酸钙板的表面贴覆一表材时，较为靠近表材的粉末易被表材撕起而剥离，使表材难以牢固地贴合，也即表材相当容易被剥离，而细究其原因，即是因为硅酸钙板的结构松散，各粉末间的结合力小于粘胶的粘合力，使拉扯的力量直接传递至较为靠近的粉末，造成表材易将较为靠近的粉末一同剥离，实为施工上的困难之处。
中国专利公告号CN105859323B，公开了一种硅酸钙板表层处理方法，包含以下步骤：一、备一硅酸钙板：其中该硅酸钙板具有相对的一第一面与一第二面；二、涂布第一次水玻璃溶液：在该硅酸钙板的第一面涂布或喷洒重量百分浓度为a的水玻璃溶液，使水玻璃溶液渗入该硅酸钙板一预定厚度；三、涂布第二次水玻璃溶液：在该硅酸钙板的第一面涂布或喷洒重量百分浓度为b的水玻璃溶液，使水玻璃溶液渗入该硅酸钙板一预定厚度；其中，a小于b，且a与b皆分别大于30％但小于55％。该技术方案能使硅酸钙板表层结构密实而易于贴覆表材，表材可牢固地粘贴于硅酸钙板上不易剥离，也是对硅酸钙板的一种改性方法，但其只是简单的在需要与表材贴合的贴合面进行水玻璃涂布，让水玻璃浸入基板表面，长、宽尺寸为2400mm、1200mm的硅酸钙板也只涂布50克至60克，进入的深度只停留在浅表层，只能防止初级剥离，离现在市面上要求的抗剥落，抗弯折的硅酸钙板才存在技术问题，而且发现，这种基材处理后的硅酸钙板，用三胺浸渍纸与其热压是完全粘不住的。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足，提供了一种可整体强化硅酸钙板的结构和密实度，方便与各种表材复合的改性硅酸钙板以及表层处理方法，能使三胺浸渍纸与基材直接热压贴合，表结合强度达到1MPa；木皮、防火板等材料与其冷贴，产品剥离强度均符合要求，有效提高了硅酸钙板的实用性。
为实现本发明目的，提供了以下技术方案：一种改性硅酸钙板，其特征在于改性方法是：将硅酸钙板浸渍于固含量在95%以上的二氧化硅溶液中,直至完全吸透至饱和,再将浸渍后的硅酸钙板干燥处理。通过完全浸渍基材来改性硅酸钙板，比现有技术中仅在表面涂覆涂层改性相比，提高了基材的内结合强度。
上述改性硅酸钙板的表面处理方法，包括在改性完成的硅酸钙板的任一面上进行施胶硬化，其特征在于施胶硬化包括涂胶、流平渗透、烘干、冷却、抛光。
作为优选，施胶硬化具体为：
（1）第一道施胶:一次涂胶、一次流平渗透、一次烘干、一次冷却、一次抛光；
（2）在第一道施胶后的面上进行第二道施胶:二次涂胶、二次烘干、二次抛光。
作为优选，第一道施胶中一次涂胶的上胶量为：当板材密度在900~950kg/m³，上胶量110-120g/m2；当板材密度在950~1100kg/m³，上胶量在90-100g/m2；当板材密度在1100~1300kg/m³，上胶量75-85g/m2。
作为优选，一次涂胶采用水性双组份环氧胶,与基材有更好的适用性。
作为优选，一次烘干以10~12m/min的速度进烘道，烘道设置温度130~150℃，烘道长度为10~15m。
作为优选，二次涂胶的上胶量为40~50g/m2。
作为优选，二次烘干以8-10m/min的速度进烘道，烘道设置温度130~150℃，烘道长度为10~15m。
作为优选，二次涂胶采用水性丙烯酸胶加固化剂异氰酸酯, 水性丙烯酸胶与异氰酸酯的重量配比为3.5-10：1,最佳配比为6-7:1,强度最高，便于量产化。
为实现本发明目的，提供了一种硅酸钙板的应用，其特征在于任一面上贴覆表材。
作为优选，表材包括：三胺浸渍纸，木皮，防火板。
作为优选，表材的贴覆方法包括高温热压，冷压。
本发明有益效果：
1. 通过对硅酸钙板改性，提高了基材的内结合强度；
2. 通过基材表面的涂胶处理，可使基材与其它各种表材相复合，不仅能使三胺浸渍纸与基材直接热压贴合，表结合强度达到1MPa以上，而且木皮、防火板等材料与其冷贴，产品剥离强度均符合要求，有效提高了硅酸钙板的实用性，适用范围更加广泛。
3. 贴覆表材后的终产品,降低了消费成本，环保无毒。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种改性硅酸钙板，将硅酸钙板浸渍于固含量在95%以上的二氧化硅溶液中,完全吸透至饱和,再将浸渍后的硅酸钙板干燥处理。
分别对改性前的硅酸钙板和改性后的硅酸钙板进行内结合力检测，改性前为40kg/f，改性后为70 kg/f。
实施例2
将实施例1改性得到的硅酸钙板进行表面处理：即在改性完成的硅酸钙板的任一面上进行施胶硬化：
（1）第一道施胶:一次涂胶、一次流平渗透、一次烘干、一次冷却、一次抛光，第一道施胶中一次涂胶的上胶量为：当板材密度在910kg/m³，上胶量120g/m2，一次涂胶采用水性双组份环氧胶,一次烘干以10m/min的速度进烘道，烘道设置温度150℃，烘道长度为10m。
（2）在第一道施胶后的面上进行第二道施胶:二次涂胶、二次烘干、二次抛光，二次涂胶的上胶量为40g/m2，二次烘干以8m/min的速度进烘道，烘道设置温度150℃，烘道长度为10m，二次涂胶采用水性丙烯酸胶加固化剂异氰酸酯, 水性丙烯酸胶与异氰酸酯的重量配比为3.5：1。
实施例3-7，参考实施例2，第一道施胶和第二道施胶的参数调控如表一。
表一
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
实施例8-16，在上述实施2-7的硅酸钙板上贴覆表材，对成品进行剥离强度检测，具体见表二。
Figure 639950DEST_PATH_IMAGE002

Claims (7)

1.一种改性硅酸钙板，其特征在于，制备方法包括改性、改性硅酸钙板的表面处理，其中：
改性：将硅酸钙板浸渍于固含量在95%以上的二氧化硅溶液中 ,直至完全吸透至饱和,再将 浸渍后的硅酸钙板干燥处理；
改性硅酸钙板的表面处理：包括在改性完成的硅酸钙板的任一面上进行施胶硬化，施胶硬化包括涂胶、流平渗透、烘干、冷却、抛光。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性硅酸钙板，其特征在于施胶硬化具体为：
（1）第一道施胶:一次涂胶、一次流平渗透、一次烘干、一次冷却、一次抛光；
（2）在第一道施胶后的面上进行第二道施胶:二次涂胶、二次烘干、二次抛光。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种改性硅酸钙板，其特征在于第一道施胶中一次涂胶的上胶量为：当板材密度在900 ~ 950kg/m³，上胶量110-120g/m2；当板材密度在950 ~ 1100kg/m³，上胶量在90-100g/m2；当板材密度在1100 ~ 1300kg/m³，上胶量75-85g/m2；一次涂胶采用水性双组份环氧胶 ,与基材有更好的适用性，一次烘干以10 ~ 12m/min的速度进烘道，烘道设置温度130 ~ 150℃，烘道长度为10 ~ 15m。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种改性硅酸钙板，其特征在于二次涂胶的上胶量为40 ~50g/m2。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种改性硅酸钙板，其特征在于二次烘干以8- 10m/min的速度进烘道，烘道设置温度130 ~ 150℃，烘道长度为10 ~ 15m。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种改性硅酸钙板，其特征在于二次涂胶采用水性丙烯酸胶加固化剂异氰酸酯 , 水性丙烯酸胶与异氰酸酯的重量配比为3 .5-10：1。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种改性硅酸钙板，其特征在于水性丙烯酸胶与异氰酸酯的重量配比为6-7:1。
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