CN112453168B - Electromagnetically-driven soft male die hydro-mechanical deep drawing forming device and process method - Google Patents
Electromagnetically-driven soft male die hydro-mechanical deep drawing forming device and process method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112453168B CN112453168B CN202010996156.5A CN202010996156A CN112453168B CN 112453168 B CN112453168 B CN 112453168B CN 202010996156 A CN202010996156 A CN 202010996156A CN 112453168 B CN112453168 B CN 112453168B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
- B21D26/031—Mould construction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/14—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electromagnetic-driven soft male die hydromechanical deep drawing forming device and a process method, wherein the device comprises a coil, the coil is arranged parallel to the ground, a hydraulic chamber is vertically arranged at a certain distance below the coil, a magnetic fluid closely attached to a plate is arranged in the hydraulic chamber, a blank holder is welded below the hydraulic chamber, a female die is arranged below the blank holder, and the plate is tightly pressed between the blank holder and the female die.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining and devices, in particular to an electromagnetic-driven soft male die hydro-mechanical deep drawing forming device and a process method.
Background
Deep drawing is an important plate forming process, and plays a very important role in the production process of industrial departments such as automobiles, airplanes, electrical appliances, instruments, electronics and the like. For traditional metal plates, the traditional cold drawing forming process is mostly adopted. However, with the development of industries such as automobiles, airplanes, aerospace and the like, requirements for high strength and light weight are provided for materials, so that plates made of high-strength steel, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and the like are widely applied. However, the above materials have poor plasticity at room temperature, are difficult to cold-drawn and deep-drawn, have a small draw ratio, and are prone to wrinkling and cracking.
In order to solve the above problems, various special drawing methods have been developed. The method mainly comprises plate hydraulic forming and plate electromagnetic forming. The plate hydraulic forming is an advanced new stamping forming process, and adopts liquid as a force transmission medium to replace a rigid female die or a male die to transmit load, so that a blank is attached to the male die or the female die under the action of liquid pressure to realize the forming of a metal plate part.
Electromagnetic forming is a high-speed forming method for driving a metal workpiece to deform by using magnetic field force, and load acts on the formed workpiece in a pulse mode in the forming process, so the method is also called magnetic pulse forming. Electromagnetic forming is a high-efficiency forming method, is applied to plate drawing forming, and has good performance.
The hydraulic forming and the electromagnetic forming of the plate have the advantages and the disadvantages respectively, the hydraulic forming has the advantages of simple die structure, low die cost, good quality performance of formed parts, good surface quality, high shape and size precision of the formed parts, small resilience, capability of reducing the production pass of complex parts and the like; but the forming efficiency is not high, and the method is suitable for multi-variety and small-batch production. The electromagnetic forming technology can obviously improve the forming limit of materials, has small residual stress, small rebound and extremely high forming speed, is easy to realize energy control and production automation, but not all metal materials can be directly processed by the technology, the material with low conductivity needs to be a 'driving body' by using the material with high conductivity, and the surface quality and the precision of a formed part can be reduced by the collision between the driving body and a formed plate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electromagnetic-driven soft male die hydromechanical deep drawing forming device and a process method, combines the advantages of plate hydraulic forming and electromagnetic forming, avoids the respective defects, is suitable for various material plates, has high forming efficiency, reduces resilience, improves forming precision, has no mechanical contact in the forming process, and has high workpiece surface quality.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an electromagnetic-driven soft male die hydromechanical deep drawing forming device comprises a coil, wherein the coil is arranged in parallel to the ground, a hydraulic chamber is vertically arranged at a position away from the lower part of the coil by a certain distance, a magnetic fluid closely attached to a plate is arranged in the hydraulic chamber, a female die is arranged below the hydraulic chamber, and the plate is clamped between the hydraulic chamber and the female die.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the lower part of the hydraulic chamber is welded with a blank holder, and the size of the middle opening of the blank holder and the internal size of the female die are the same as the size of the opening of the hydraulic chamber.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the distance between the coil and the hydraulic chamber ranges from 0.1mm to 10 mm.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the coil is a flat coil.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: an electromagnetic driven soft male die hydro-mechanical deep drawing forming process method comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting proper shapes of the female die, the blank holder and the hydraulic chamber according to the shape of a product to be formed;
s2: the female die is fixed, a plate is placed between the female die and the blank holder, and pressure is applied to compact the plate;
s3: injecting magnetic fluid into the hydraulic chamber, wherein the magnetic fluid is directly contacted with the plate and replaces the male die;
s4: the coil is placed at a position 0.1-10 mm away from the hydraulic chamber, the coil is electrified, so that a magnetic field perpendicular to the plate is generated, the magnetic fluid presses the plate under the action of the magnetic field, the plate is tightly attached to the female die, forming is completed, the size of the magnetic field can be controlled by controlling the size of current passing through the coil, and therefore the size of pressure is controlled, and the forming requirement is met.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the technical progress that:
1. the magnetic fluid has the property of liquid, so the invention has the advantage of plate hydroforming, namely, the film sticking effect is good, the complex parts can be processed with high precision, the residual stress is small, and the rebound is small;
2. the electromagnetic forming device uses electromagnetic driving, has the advantage of electromagnetic forming, and can control the size of a magnetic field by controlling the size of current passing through a coil, thereby controlling the size of hydraulic pressure to meet the forming requirement and realize energy control and production automation;
3. the invention has no mechanical contact in the forming process and the surface quality of the workpiece is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of an electro-magnetically driven soft punch hydromechanical deep drawing forming apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an electromagnetically actuated soft punch hydromechanical deep drawing forming apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a female die in an embodiment of an electromagnetically driven soft punch hydromechanical deep drawing forming apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a sheet material in an embodiment of an electromagnetically driven soft punch hydromechanical deep drawing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an isometric view of a blank holder and hydraulic chamber in an embodiment of an electromagnetically driven soft punch hydromechanical deep drawing forming apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top plan view of a flat coil in an embodiment of an electromagnetically driven soft punch hydromechanical deep drawing apparatus of the present invention;
the device comprises a coil 1, a coil 2, a hydraulic chamber 3, a blank holder 4, a plate 5, a female die 6 and a magnetic fluid.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples:
an electromagnetic-driven soft male die hydromechanical deep drawing forming device comprises a coil 1, wherein the coil 1 is arranged in parallel to the ground, the coil 1 is a flat coil, a hydraulic chamber 2 is vertically arranged at a position 0.1-10 mm away from the lower portion of the coil 1, a magnetic fluid 6 closely attached to a plate 4 is arranged inside the hydraulic chamber 2, a female die 5 is arranged below the hydraulic chamber 2, a blank holder 3 is welded below the hydraulic chamber 2, and the middle opening size of the blank holder 3 and the internal size of the female die 5 are the same as the opening size of the hydraulic chamber 2. The sheet material 4 is clamped between the blank holder 3 and the female die 5.
An electromagnetic driven soft male die hydro-mechanical deep drawing forming process method comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting proper shapes of the female die 5, the blank holder 3 and the hydraulic chamber 2 according to the shape of a product to be formed;
s2: the female die 5 is fixed, the plate 4 is placed between the female die 5 and the blank holder 3, and pressure is applied to compact the plate 4;
s3: injecting a magnetic fluid 6 into the hydraulic chamber 2, wherein the magnetic fluid 6 is directly contacted with the plate 4, and the male die is replaced by the magnetic fluid 6;
s4: the coil 1 is placed at a position 20.1 mm-10mm away from the hydraulic chamber, the coil 1 is electrified, a magnetic field perpendicular to the plate 4 is generated, the magnetic fluid 6 presses the plate 4 under the action of the magnetic field, the plate 4 is enabled to be tightly attached to the female die 5, forming is completed, the size of the magnetic field can be controlled by controlling the size of current passing through the coil 1, and therefore the size of pressure is controlled, and forming requirements are met.
The coil 1 of the present invention is not limited to a flat coil, and any coil can be used as long as it can generate a magnetic field perpendicular to the sheet 4 and satisfies the forming conditions.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1 to 6: taking the drawing forming of a cylindrical part as an example, the initial shape of a plate 4 is circular, the material is 6061 aluminum alloy, the diameter is 120mm, the thickness is 1mm, the inner diameter of a hydraulic chamber 2 is 40mm, the inner diameter of a female die 5 is 40mm, the height is 20mm, the female die 5 is not moved, the plate 4 is placed between the female die 5 and a blank holder 3, pressure is applied to compress the plate 4, the blank holder 3 is a circular ring, the middle part is hollow, a cylinder with an end face parallel to the plate 4 and the inner diameter equal to that of the blank holder 3 is welded on the circular ring to serve as the hydraulic chamber 2, the inner diameter of the hydraulic chamber 2 is superposed with that of the blank holder 3, a magnetofluid 6 is poured into the hydraulic chamber 2, alternating current is introduced into a flat coil 1 which is 21 mm away from the hydraulic chamber, so as to generate a magnetic field vertical to the plate 4, the magnetofluid 6 is driven to apply pressure to the plate 4, the plate 4 is attached to the female die 5, so as to finish the forming, and the forming is completed by controlling the magnitude of the current passing through the coil 1, the magnitude of the magnetic field, and thus the magnitude of the hydraulic pressure, can be controlled to meet forming requirements.
Compared with the common deep drawing forming of aluminum alloy, the deep drawing ratio is only about 2, the highest deep drawing ratio of the process can reach 3, in addition, the process reduces the resilience, improves the forming precision of products, and the profile tolerance of parts reaches 0.1 mm. Compared with the traditional deep drawing, the process has the advantages that the magnetic fluid 6 replaces a male die, so that mechanical contact is reduced, scratches are greatly reduced, and the surface quality is improved. The traditional hydro-mechanical drawing forming has the speed of only about 100mm/min, but the drawing speed of the process can reach 1000mm/min at most, the forming efficiency is improved, the hydraulic pressure is controlled by controlling the current led into the coil 1 and the distance between the coil 1 and the hydraulic chamber 2, and the energy control and the production automation are easy to realize. Compared with the electromagnetic forming technology, the process avoids severe impact and improves the surface quality.
For the drawing of the cylindrical part, for the drawing of other drawing parts with different shapes, only the female die 5, the blank holder 3 and the hydraulic chamber 2 with corresponding shapes need to be replaced. For example, in the deep drawing of the box-shaped piece, the female die, the blank holder and the inner cavity of the hydraulic chamber are only required to be changed into the shape with the rectangular cross section.
Claims (2)
1. The electromagnetic driving soft male die hydromechanical deep drawing forming device is characterized in that: set up including coil (1) and coil (1) on a parallel with ground, coil (1) adopts flat coil, and 0.1mm-10mm department is provided with hydraulic chamber (2) perpendicularly apart from coil (1) below, the inside of hydraulic chamber (2) is provided with magnetic current body (6) of close-fitting panel (4), hydraulic chamber (2) below is provided with die (5) and panel (4) and is pressed from both sides tightly between hydraulic chamber (2) and die (5), the below welding of hydraulic chamber (2) has blank holder (3), the middle opening size of blank holder (3), the inside dimension of die (5) all are the same with the opening size of hydraulic chamber (2).
2. An electromagnetic driven soft male die hydro-mechanical deep drawing forming process method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting proper shapes of the female die (5), the blank holder (3) and the hydraulic chamber (2) according to the shape of a product to be formed;
s2: the female die (5) is fixed, the plate (4) is placed between the female die (5) and the blank holder (3), and pressure is applied to compact the plate (4);
s3: injecting a magnetic fluid (6) into the hydraulic chamber (2), wherein the magnetic fluid (6) is directly contacted with the plate (4), and the male die is replaced by the magnetic fluid (6);
s4: the coil (1) is placed at a position 0.1-10 mm away from the hydraulic chamber (2), the coil (1) is electrified, so that a magnetic field perpendicular to the plate (4) is generated, the magnetic fluid (6) presses the plate (4) under the action of the magnetic field, the plate (4) is enabled to be tightly attached to the female die (5), so that forming is completed, the size of the magnetic field can be controlled by controlling the size of current passing through the coil (1), and the size of pressure is controlled so as to meet the forming requirement.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010996156.5A CN112453168B (en) | 2020-09-21 | 2020-09-21 | Electromagnetically-driven soft male die hydro-mechanical deep drawing forming device and process method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010996156.5A CN112453168B (en) | 2020-09-21 | 2020-09-21 | Electromagnetically-driven soft male die hydro-mechanical deep drawing forming device and process method |
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| CN112453168A CN112453168A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
| CN112453168B true CN112453168B (en) | 2021-11-05 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101332540A (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2008-12-31 | 山东大学 | Bulk-heating sheet laser pressing method and device |
| CN102921790A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-13 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Sheet material hydro-mechanical deep drawing forming device and method using magnetic medium to pressurize |
| CN103191971A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-07-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electromagnetism-assisted forming device and method for dissimilar metal composite boards |
| CN103273644A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Plank soft mode forming device and method based on magnetorheological elastomers |
| CN111299395A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-06-19 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Magnetic medium auxiliary plate blanking forming device and method |
| CN111451353A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-07-28 | 中南大学 | Electromagnetic forming device for forming fluid impact plate and forming method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-09-21 CN CN202010996156.5A patent/CN112453168B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101332540A (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2008-12-31 | 山东大学 | Bulk-heating sheet laser pressing method and device |
| CN102921790A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-13 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Sheet material hydro-mechanical deep drawing forming device and method using magnetic medium to pressurize |
| CN103191971A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-07-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electromagnetism-assisted forming device and method for dissimilar metal composite boards |
| CN103273644A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Plank soft mode forming device and method based on magnetorheological elastomers |
| CN111299395A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-06-19 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Magnetic medium auxiliary plate blanking forming device and method |
| CN111451353A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-07-28 | 中南大学 | Electromagnetic forming device for forming fluid impact plate and forming method thereof |
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