CN112450484A - Vertical tobacco biological treatment fermentation storage device and method - Google Patents

Vertical tobacco biological treatment fermentation storage device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112450484A
CN112450484A CN202110005778.1A CN202110005778A CN112450484A CN 112450484 A CN112450484 A CN 112450484A CN 202110005778 A CN202110005778 A CN 202110005778A CN 112450484 A CN112450484 A CN 112450484A
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fermentation
tobacco
vertical
conveyor
storage device
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CN112450484B (en
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朱文魁
刘洪坤
孔臻
席年生
张大波
王兵
乔学义
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Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC
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Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/20—Biochemical treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G33/00—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors
    • B65G33/08—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors for fluent solid materials
    • B65G33/14—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors for fluent solid materials comprising a screw or screws enclosed in a tubular housing
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    • C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
    • C12M27/02—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
    • C12M27/04—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements with introduction of gas through the stirrer or mixing element
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/18—External loop; Means for reintroduction of fermented biomass or liquid percolate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
    • C12M33/16—Screw conveyor
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    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
    • C12M41/18—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes
    • C12M41/20—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes the heat transfer medium being a gas
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    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
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    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/48—Automatic or computerized control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G2201/00—Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
    • B65G2201/04—Bulk

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Abstract

A vertical tobacco biological treatment fermentation storage device and a method thereof are characterized in that: two spiral conveying devices are adopted to form a set of tobacco material circulating fermentation system. The device accomplishes the tobacco fermentation at dynamic in-process, compares in traditional fermentation tank formula fermentation process, has shortened the fermentation time greatly, has improved fermentation efficiency. Meanwhile, the device enables the tobacco materials on each layer to be fully placed in a fermentation environment through the air holes distributed on the hollow main shaft of the screw conveyor in a mode of countercurrent flow of the damp-heat gas and the tobacco materials, and improves the diffusion efficiency of the damp-heat gas to the tobacco materials. The device uses vertical screw conveyer as the essential element, compares other fermenting installation, has the advantage that occupation space is little to reduce the fermentation and store and occupy storehouse area, with the mode that continuous type circulation fermentation was stored simultaneously, raise the efficiency, reduce cost.

Description

Vertical tobacco biological treatment fermentation storage device and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tobacco processing, and mainly relates to a vertical type tobacco biological treatment, fermentation and storage device and a method.
Background
In the tobacco processing process, the content of various flavor components in the smoke can be obviously increased by the biological treatment fermentation technology, and the biological treatment fermentation technology is an important way for improving the tobacco quality. At present, the biological treatment fermentation of cigarette enterprises mainly comprises a fermentation tank and a fermentation tank. The device has simple structure and low cost, but is difficult to realize stable environment for maintaining constant temperature and humidity and certain oxygen content, which directly influences the effect of biological treatment fermentation and then influences the quality of tobacco materials.
Chinese patent CN201921538995.1 provides a tobacco fermentation storage and transportation device, which maintains the damp and hot environment of tobacco materials in the fermentation storage process after biological treatment by a serpentine heating pipe arranged around the inner wall of a cabin body and mist entering the cabin body from uniformly distributed mist inlet holes. The device mainly depends on a coiled pipe on the outer side of the cabin body to provide damp and hot mist, and the diffusion and permeation of the mist needs a certain time, so that uneven mass and heat transfer can be caused, and the fermentation effect is further influenced. Chinese patent CN201721489554.8 provides a constant temperature fermentation chamber, which is a static storage device, and cannot be turned over, and may cause uneven moist heat.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a vertical type fermentation storage device and a method for biological treatment of tobacco based on the above problems. The device uses vertical screw conveyer as the essential element, can rationally less occupation of land space to reduce the fermentation and store and occupy storehouse area, with the mode that continuous type circulation fermentation stored simultaneously, raise the efficiency, reduce cost.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a vertical tobacco biological treatment fermentation storage device comprises a tobacco material fermentation system and a material returning and discharging system, wherein the tobacco material fermentation system consists of an upstroke vertical screw conveyor and a power driving mechanism; the material returning and discharging system comprises a descending vertical screw conveyer and a power driving mechanism, the ascending vertical screw conveyer and the descending vertical screw conveyer are arranged side by side, the upper ends of the ascending vertical screw conveyer are communicated through a connecting pipeline, a main shaft of each of the two screw conveyers is of a hollow structure and used for transmitting wet hot air flow, air holes are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of a hollow shaft, a feeding hole is formed in the bottom of the ascending vertical screw conveyer, the feeding hole is communicated with a feeder, a discharging hole is formed in the lower portion of the descending vertical screw conveyer, and the discharging hole is respectively connected with the feeder and a discharging pipe through a two-way valve.
The power driving mechanism is arranged at the lower ends of the two spiral conveyors and comprises a motor, a chain wheel and a chain, and the motor is correspondingly connected with the main shafts of the two spiral conveyors through the chain wheel and the chain.
A plurality of gas-phase temperature and humidity sensors are arranged in the shells of the ascending vertical screw conveyor and the descending vertical screw conveyor, preferably 3 gas-phase temperature and humidity sensors are arranged in the shells respectively, and the gas-phase temperature and humidity sensors are uniformly arranged in the height direction.
The helical blades of the upward vertical helical conveyor and the downward vertical helical conveyor are full-blade large-diameter blades, and the clearance between the helical blades and the inner wall of the shell is 10-100 mm.
The direction of the hot and humid air flow transmitted in the main shaft of the hollow structure is reverse to the direction of the materials conveyed by the screw conveyer, namely, the air inlet of the hollow main shaft of the upstroke vertical screw conveyer is positioned at the upper end, the air outlet is positioned at the lower end, and the downstroke vertical screw conveyer is opposite.
The feeder adopts a vibration type feeder or a scraper type feeder to feed.
The fermentation storage device also comprises a controller, wherein the controller is used for controlling the discharging pipe, the two-way valve and the process of returning material and discharging, the controller collects the damp heat data of the inlet end and the outlet end of the screw conveyor, sets damp heat parameters before and after fermentation, controls the returning material or discharging by judging whether the fermentation is finished, continuously circulates the tobacco material to ferment if the fermentation is not finished, and adjusts the two-way valve to finish the discharging task if the fermentation is finished.
The method and the process for carrying out the biological treatment and fermentation of the tobacco by utilizing the device are as follows: the tobacco material after biological treatment or enzyme preparation spraying treatment enters an ascending spiral conveyor from a feeder, the tobacco material is slowly lifted along with the rotation of a spiral blade, the humid air flow with the relative humidity of 70-85 percent and the temperature of 40-50 ℃ enters the machine from an air inlet at the upper end of a hollow shaft of the ascending spiral conveyor at the flow speed of 2-6m/s, flows through the tobacco material layer by layer through air holes and flows out from an air outlet at the lower end of the hollow shaft, the tobacco material ascends to the upper end of the spiral conveyor and then enters a descending spiral conveyor through a communicating pipe and slowly descends, the humid air flow with the relative humidity of 70-85 percent and the temperature of 40-50 ℃ enters the machine from an air inlet at the lower end of the hollow shaft of the descending spiral conveyor at the flow speed of 2-6m/s, flows through the tobacco material layer by layer through the air holes and, before the tobacco material is discharged, whether the tobacco material reaches a preset fermentation state needs to be judged, and the opening direction of the two-way valve is automatically controlled by the material returning and discharging controller, so that the tobacco material which is not fermented is returned to the feeder through the material returning pipe to be continuously fermented, and the tobacco material which is fermented is discharged through the material discharging pipe.
More specifically: the invention takes a large-diameter vertical spiral conveying device as a main body and is matched with a damp-heat air circulating system to finish the biological treatment, fermentation and storage processes. The device consists of a tobacco leaf material fermentation system and a material returning and discharging system. The tobacco material fermentation system comprises a feeder, an upstroke screw conveyor, a temperature and humidity sensor, a motor, a chain wheel and a chain. The material returning and discharging system consists of a descending screw conveyor, a temperature and humidity sensor, a motor, a chain wheel, a chain, a discharging pipe, a two-way valve and a program control device for material returning and discharging.
The feeder is arranged at the lower right part of the ascending screw conveyor and uniformly inputs the tobacco shred materials into the ascending screw conveyor at a certain speed.
The upstroke screw conveyor is formed by welding corrosion-resistant stainless steel, and the main shaft is of a hollow structure, so that moist-heat gas can be conveniently introduced. Circular holes are distributed on the main shaft in the single pitch, the damp and hot gas with the flow rate of 2-6m/s and the relative humidity of 70% -85% enters the shell through the circular holes to contact with the tobacco material, and the aperture size is determined according to the thickness of the tobacco material, the volume of the shell and the flow rate of the damp and hot gas. The helical blade adopts a full-leaf type, a blade with a larger diameter is preferred, a certain inclination angle is formed between the blade and the main shaft, and more tobacco materials can be fermented in a single time. The feed inlet is located the casing below, connects the feeder, and the discharge gate is located the casing top, is connected with descending screw conveyer's tobacco material entry through shorter pipeline. The damp-heat gas is introduced from the upper end of the ascending screw conveyor, and the damp-heat gas is discharged from the lower end of the ascending screw conveyor and forms a countercurrent structure with the tobacco material. The ascending spiral conveying speed is mainly lower, so that the friction and the sliding of the tobacco materials caused by centrifugal force are reduced.
The gas-phase temperature and humidity sensor is arranged on one side of a feed inlet of the upstroke screw conveyor and comprises three gas-phase temperature and humidity sensors, wherein the three gas-phase temperature and humidity sensors are arranged in the upstroke screw conveyor, and are used for measuring the gas-phase temperature and humidity change condition in the shell so as to adjust the state of the inlet humid and hot gas.
The motor, the chain wheel and the chain are of a power structure of the upstroke screw conveyor and are arranged on the left lower side of the upstroke screw conveyor and on the opposite side of the feeder.
The descending screw conveyor is made of the same material and structure as the ascending screw conveyor, and rotates in the opposite direction of the ascending screw conveyor, so that the tobacco materials are output downwards. The upper end feed inlet is connected with the upstroke screw conveyer discharge port, and the lower end discharge port is connected with the material returning device. The damp-heat gas with the flow rate of 2-6m/s and the relative humidity of 70% -85% is introduced from the lower end of the descending screw conveyor, discharged from the upper end and forms a countercurrent structure with the tobacco shred materials. The descending spiral conveying speed is mainly low, so that friction and sliding of tobacco materials caused by centrifugal force are reduced.
The gas-phase temperature and humidity sensor is arranged on one side of a feed inlet of the descending screw conveyor, comprises three gas-phase temperature and humidity sensors, and is used for measuring the change condition of the damp and hot degree in the shell, so that the state of the damp and hot gas at the inlet is adjusted.
The motor, the chain wheel and the chain are consistent with the ascending spiral conveyor, and the output power is determined according to specific requirements and is arranged on the lower side of the descending spiral conveyor and the opposite side of the tobacco material outlet end.
The method for biologically treating, fermenting and storing the tobacco materials by using the device comprises the following specific steps:
1) and (3) opening a motor of the upward spiral conveyor, and reducing the rotating speed of the spiral conveyor after the power is reduced, so that the friction and collision between the tobacco materials and the shell due to the action of centrifugal force are reduced.
2) The tobacco material after biological treatment or enzyme preparation coating treatment is input to an upper-line spiral conveyor from a feeder, and the tobacco material is slowly lifted along with the rotation of the spiral blade.
3) The wet and hot gas with the relative humidity of 70% -85% enters from the gas inlet of the ascending type screw conveyor at the flow speed of 2-6m/s, flows through the tobacco materials layer by layer, flows out from the gas outlet of the ascending type screw conveyor, and is treated for continuous recycling, and the wet and hot gas also meets the requirements of oxygen content and the like besides the temperature and humidity requirements.
4) Three temperature and humidity sensors arranged outside the casing of the up-flow type screw conveyor are monitored, the state of the damp-heat gas is adjusted by detecting the change of the temperature and the humidity, and the fermentation environment with the temperature of 40-50 ℃ and the relative humidity of 70-85% is kept.
5) Tobacco material spiral rises to ascending screw conveyer discharge gate, by entering connecting tube descending screw conveyer feed inlet, slowly carries to descending screw conveyer discharge gate through descending screw conveyer, and its power derives from independent motor.
6) The moist heat gas with the relative humidity of 70-85% slowly moves from the moist heat gas inlet of the descending screw conveyor to the moist heat gas outlet of the descending screw conveyor from bottom to top at the flow speed of 2-6m/s, and the tobacco materials and the moist heat gas are in a counter-flow state.
7) Three temperature and humidity sensors arranged outside a shell of the descending screw conveyor are monitored, the state of the damp and hot gas is adjusted by detecting the change of the temperature and humidity sensors, and the fermentation environment with the temperature of 40-50 ℃ and the relative humidity of 70% -85% is kept.
8) Before the tobacco material is discharged, whether the tobacco material reaches a preset fermentation state needs to be judged, and the opening direction of the two-way valve is automatically controlled by the material returning and discharging controller, so that the tobacco material which is not fermented is returned to the feeder through the material returning pipe to be continuously fermented, and the tobacco material which is fermented is discharged through the material discharging pipe.
The invention can bring the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a vertical tobacco fermentation device and a method, which adopt two spiral conveying devices to form a set of tobacco material circulating fermentation system. The device accomplishes the tobacco fermentation at dynamic in-process, compares in traditional fermentation tank formula fermentation process, has shortened the fermentation time greatly, has improved fermentation efficiency. Meanwhile, the device enables the tobacco materials on each layer to be fully placed in a fermentation environment through the circular holes distributed on the main shaft in a mode of countercurrent flow of the damp-heat gas and the tobacco materials, and the diffusion efficiency of the damp-heat gas to the tobacco materials is improved. The device is vertical fermenting installation, still has the advantage that area is little compared other fermenting installations.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vertical tobacco biological treatment fermentation storage device.
In the figure: 1. a feeder; 2. an upstroke vertical screw conveyor; 3. a helical blade; 4. air holes; 5. an upstroke screw conveyor humid hot gas inlet; 6. a wet-hot gas outlet of the upward spiral conveyor; 7. a discharge port of the upstroke screw conveyor; 8. connecting a pipeline; 9. a feed inlet of a descending screw conveyor; 10. an upstroke screw conveyor feed inlet; 11. a gas-phase temperature and humidity sensor; 12. a two-way valve; 13. a discharge pipe; 14. a return discharge controller; 15. a hot and humid gas outlet of the descending screw conveyor; 16. a motor; 17. a sprocket; 18. a chain; 19. a hot and humid gas inlet of the down-link screw conveyor; 20. a discharge port of the descending screw conveyor; 21. a material returning pipe; 22. descending vertical screw conveyer.
Detailed Description
The fermentation apparatus and method of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1: a vertical tobacco biological treatment fermentation storage device comprises a tobacco material fermentation system and a material returning and discharging system, wherein the tobacco material fermentation system consists of an upstroke vertical screw conveyor 2 and a power driving mechanism; the material returning and discharging system comprises a descending vertical screw conveyor 22 and a power driving mechanism, an ascending vertical screw conveyor 2 and the descending vertical screw conveyor 22 are arranged side by side, the upper ends of the two screw conveyors are communicated through a connecting pipeline 8, the main shafts of the two screw conveyors are both of a hollow structure and used for transmitting wet hot air flow, air holes 4 are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of a hollow shaft, a feeding hole 10 is formed in the bottom of the ascending vertical screw conveyor 2, the feeding hole 10 is communicated with a feeder 1, a discharging hole 20 is formed in the lower portion of the descending vertical screw conveyor 22, and the discharging hole 20 is respectively connected with the feeder 1 and a discharging pipe 13 through a two-way valve 12.
The power driving mechanism is arranged at the lower ends of the two spiral conveyors and comprises a motor 16, a chain wheel 17 and a chain 18, and the motor is correspondingly connected with the main shafts of the two spiral conveyors through the chain wheel and the chain.
3 gas-phase temperature and humidity sensors are respectively arranged in the shells of the ascending vertical screw conveyor 2 and the descending vertical screw conveyor 22.
The helical blades of the ascending vertical helical conveyor and the descending vertical helical conveyor both adopt full-blade large-diameter helical blades 3, and the clearance between the helical blades and the inner wall of the shell is 10-100 mm.
The fermentation storage device also comprises a controller 14 for controlling the discharge pipe 13, the two-way valve 12 and the process of material returning and discharging, wherein the controller collects the moisture and heat data of the inlet end and the outlet end of the screw conveyor, sets moisture and heat parameters before and after fermentation, controls material returning or discharging by judging whether the fermentation is finished, continuously circulates the tobacco material to ferment if the fermentation is not finished, and adjusts the two-way valve to finish the discharging task if the fermentation is finished.
The invention carries out the fermentation and storage process of tobacco biological treatment and the structural characteristics of the device are as follows:
as shown in figure 1, the vertical tobacco fermentation device comprises a tobacco material fermentation system, wherein tobacco materials treated by biological treatment or enzyme preparation coating are input to a feed inlet 10 of an ascending screw conveyor from a feeder 1, and the feeder 1 is connected with the ascending screw conveyor 10 through a flange. The tobacco material is received by the helical blade 3 at the bottom layer and is lifted slowly along with the rotation of the helical blade 3.
The helical blade 3 is welded on a main shaft made of stainless steel, the main shaft is of a hollow structure, two ends of the main shaft are connected with a short shaft through flanges, and a sealing bearing is arranged at the joint of the short shaft and the shell of the upstroke screw conveyor 2. A small gap is reserved between the spiral blade 3 and the casing of the upstroke spiral conveyor 2, and the tobacco materials are reduced from scattering to the bottom layer of the spiral conveyor in the fermentation process. Meanwhile, the main shaft is distributed with the air holes 4, and the more the number of the air holes 4 is within the allowable range of the mechanical strength of the main shaft, the more uniformly the damp-heat gas is distributed in the shell of the ascending type screw conveyor 2, which is more beneficial to fermentation.
Moist heat gas enters from an air inlet 5 of the ascending type screw conveyor, flows through the tobacco materials layer by layer, flows out from an air outlet 6 of the ascending type screw conveyor, and is treated and continuously recycled. The damp-heat gas meets the requirements of corresponding fermentation temperature, humidity, oxygen content and the like, and meanwhile, the damp-heat gas has a low flowing speed, so that the tobacco materials are prevented from flowing out of the gas outlet 6 of the ascending type screw conveyor.
The power source of the ascending screw conveyor uses the motor 16, the chain wheel 17 and the chain 18 in accordance with the descending screw conveyor, and the corresponding protective casing is installed for the transmission equipment. After the speed is reduced, the rotating speed of the spiral conveyor is not too high, and the friction and the collision between the tobacco materials and the shell due to the action of centrifugal force are reduced.
Three temperature and humidity sensors are mounted outside a shell of the ascending screw conveyor 2 and are respectively arranged at a feeding port 10 of the ascending screw conveyor, a discharging port 7 of the ascending screw conveyor and the middle position of the ascending screw conveyor. The state of the greenhouse gas is adjusted by detecting the change of the temperature and humidity sensor, and the device has the function of dynamic adjustment and monitoring.
The material outlet 7 of the upward spiral conveyor is connected with the material inlet 9 of the downward spiral conveyor through a connecting pipeline 8. The length of the connecting pipe 8 is not too long so as to prevent the tobacco material from being blocked inside. The connecting pipeline 8 is connected with the discharge port 7 of the ascending screw conveyor and the feed port 9 of the descending screw conveyor through flanges.
The device also comprises a material returning and discharging system. In order to reduce the complexity of the fermentation equipment, the design that the structure of the descending type screw conveyer is consistent with that of the ascending type screw conveyer is adopted, and convenience is provided for installation and maintenance. The difference lies in that the helical blade quantity of descending screw conveyer is less than the helical blade quantity of ascending screw conveyer, and the purpose is for providing the position difference for descending screw conveyer discharge gate 20, makes things convenient for the tobacco material to flow out from descending screw conveyer discharge gate 20.
The tobacco materials move slowly from top to bottom in the descending screw conveyor, the damp-heat gas moves slowly from bottom to top from the damp-heat gas inlet 19 of the descending screw conveyor to the damp-heat gas outlet 17 of the descending screw conveyor, and the tobacco materials and the damp-heat gas are in a counter-current state, so that mass and heat transfer of the damp-heat gas are facilitated, and the fermentation efficiency of the tobacco materials is improved.
Before discharging, the tobacco materials pass through a temperature and humidity sensor at the discharging port to detect the humidity and heat degree, judge whether a preset fermentation state is achieved or not, and transmit information to a material returning and discharging controller 14, the controller automatically controls the opening direction of a two-way valve 12, so that the tobacco materials which are not fermented are returned to a feeder through a material returning pipe 21 to be continuously fermented, and the tobacco materials which are fermented are discharged through a discharging pipe 13.
It will be appreciated that the above method of use is only one method of implementation of the present apparatus. This device is the tobacco material of continuous circulation, disposes optimum fermentation condition simultaneously, realizes tobacco material fermentation under the developments, compares in natural fermentation, and fermentation efficiency obtains promoting. The whole fermentation process is monitored by the arranged temperature and humidity sensors, and the valve is controlled by a program to discharge or return materials, so that the process has the potential of data management, and another solution is provided for the fermentation of tobacco materials.

Claims (9)

1. A vertical tobacco biological treatment fermentation storage device which is characterized in that: the tobacco leaf material fermentation system is composed of an upstroke vertical spiral conveyor and a power driving mechanism; the material returning and discharging system comprises a descending vertical screw conveyer and a power driving mechanism, the ascending vertical screw conveyer and the descending vertical screw conveyer are arranged side by side, the upper ends of the ascending vertical screw conveyer are communicated through a connecting pipeline, a main shaft of each of the two screw conveyers is of a hollow structure and used for transmitting wet hot air flow, air holes are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of a hollow shaft, a feeding hole is formed in the bottom of the ascending vertical screw conveyer, the feeding hole is communicated with a feeder, a discharging hole is formed in the lower portion of the descending vertical screw conveyer, and the discharging hole is respectively connected with the feeder and a discharging pipe through a two-way valve.
2. The vertical tobacco bioprocessing fermentation storage device of claim 1, wherein: the power driving mechanism is arranged at the lower ends of the two spiral conveyors and comprises a motor, a chain wheel and a chain, and the motor is correspondingly connected with the main shafts of the two spiral conveyors through the chain wheel and the chain.
3. The vertical tobacco bioprocessing fermentation storage device of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of gas-phase temperature and humidity sensors are arranged in the casings of the ascending vertical screw conveyor and the descending vertical screw conveyor.
4. The vertical tobacco bioprocessing fermentation storage device of claim 3, wherein: 3 temperature and humidity sensors are arranged in the casings of the ascending vertical screw conveyor and the descending vertical screw conveyor and are uniformly arranged along the height direction.
5. The vertical tobacco bioprocessing fermentation storage device of claim 1, wherein: the helical blades of the upward vertical helical conveyor and the downward vertical helical conveyor are full-blade large-diameter blades, and the clearance between the helical blades and the inner wall of the shell is 10-100 mm.
6. The vertical tobacco bioprocessing fermentation storage device of claim 1, wherein: the direction of the damp and hot air flow transmitted in the main shaft of the hollow structure is reverse to the direction of the materials conveyed by the screw conveyor.
7. The vertical tobacco bioprocessing fermentation storage device of claim 1, wherein: the feeder adopts a vibration type feeder or a scraper type feeder to feed.
8. The vertical tobacco bioprocessing fermentation storage device of claim 1, wherein: the fermentation storage device also comprises a controller, wherein the controller is used for controlling the discharging pipe, the two-way valve and the process of returning material and discharging, the controller collects the damp heat data of the inlet end and the outlet end of the screw conveyor, sets damp heat parameters before and after fermentation, controls the returning material or discharging by judging whether the fermentation is finished, continuously circulates the tobacco material to ferment if the fermentation is not finished, and adjusts the two-way valve to finish the discharging task if the fermentation is finished.
9. A method for performing fermentation of tobacco using the apparatus of claims 1-8, wherein: the tobacco material after biological treatment or enzyme preparation spraying treatment enters an ascending spiral conveyor from a feeder, the tobacco material is slowly lifted along with the rotation of a spiral blade, the humid air flow with the relative humidity of 70-85 percent and the temperature of 40-50 ℃ enters the machine from an air inlet at the upper end of a hollow shaft of the ascending spiral conveyor at the flow speed of 2-6m/s, flows through the tobacco material layer by layer through air holes and flows out from an air outlet at the lower end of the hollow shaft, the tobacco material ascends to the upper end of the spiral conveyor and then enters a descending spiral conveyor through a communicating pipe and slowly descends, the humid air flow with the relative humidity of 70-85 percent and the temperature of 40-50 ℃ enters the machine from an air inlet at the lower end of the hollow shaft of the descending spiral conveyor at the flow speed of 2-6m/s, flows through the tobacco material layer by layer through the air holes and, before discharging, the tobacco material needs to be judged whether to reach a preset fermentation state, and the opening direction of the two-way valve is automatically controlled by the controller, so that the tobacco material which is not fermented returns to the feeder through the return pipe to be continuously fermented, and the tobacco material which is fermented is discharged through the discharge pipe.
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