CN112447879A - Processing method of diffusion high sheet resistance silicon wafer - Google Patents

Processing method of diffusion high sheet resistance silicon wafer Download PDF

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CN112447879A
CN112447879A CN201910834290.2A CN201910834290A CN112447879A CN 112447879 A CN112447879 A CN 112447879A CN 201910834290 A CN201910834290 A CN 201910834290A CN 112447879 A CN112447879 A CN 112447879A
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silicon wafer
sheet resistance
resistance silicon
high sheet
diffusion
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曾德栋
陈议文
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Hainan Yingli New Energy Resources Co ltd
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    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1804Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof comprising only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
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Abstract

The invention provides a processing method of a diffusion high sheet resistance silicon wafer, which comprises the following steps of S1: placing the diffusion high sheet resistance silicon wafer into a mixed solution of H2SO4/HNO3/HF for secondary etching, wherein the etching depth is (1.0-1.2) um; s2: cleaning the etched high-sheet-resistance silicon wafer by using DI pure water; s3: removing the porous silicon structure on the surface of the high sheet resistance silicon wafer by using a KOH solution; s4: cleaning with DI pure water; s5: removing the oxide layer on the surface of the high sheet resistance silicon wafer by using an HF solution; s6: cleaning with DI pure water; s7: drying in a drying groove; s8: transferring the dried high sheet resistance silicon wafer to a diffusion process again for secondary diffusion, wherein the secondary diffusion temperature is 10-30 ℃ lower than that of the conventional diffusion process; s9: and carrying out secondary etching on the high sheet resistance silicon wafer subjected to secondary diffusion to improve the back polishing effect, and then transferring to a normal production process.

Description

Processing method of diffusion high sheet resistance silicon wafer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cell production, in particular to a method for processing a diffused high-sheet-resistance silicon wafer.
Background
Solar cells are receiving wide attention all over the world as a new green and environmentally friendly energy source. The development of the global photovoltaic industry is very rapid, and the domestic photovoltaic industry is continuously developed and strengthened.
With the continuous development of the industry, the requirements of customers on the performance and the appearance of the battery plate are higher and higher, and low-wattage components and flower plate components are eliminated by the market. Enterprises can only survive in the market with ever decreasing production costs. And improving conversion efficiency is one of the most effective methods for reducing production cost.
The texturing process is the most important step in the cell production link, and aims to remove a damaged layer on the surface of a silicon wafer by utilizing the reaction of silicon, hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid mixed liquor, form a large and small uniform pit, reduce the surface reflectivity of the silicon wafer, increase the sunlight absorption and improve the number of carriers, thereby improving the conversion efficiency.
The diffusion process is followed by the texturing process, in the diffusion production process, the condition of diffusion high sheet resistance unqualified surface is frequently caused due to equipment abnormity or peripheral equipment flash, and secondary diffusion cannot be directly carried out due to the oxide on the surface of the diffused silicon wafer. The traditional treatment method returns to the first procedure for texturing again, the silicon wafer is thinned and the production cost is increased as a direct result caused by the method, in the process of texturing again, the fragment rate of the high-sheet-resistance silicon wafer is much higher than that of the conventionally produced silicon wafer, and the surface piece of the silicon wafer with unqualified high sheet resistance is subjected to secondary texturing to generate bright battery pieces, so that the short-circuit current and the short-circuit voltage are reduced, the conversion efficiency is reduced, and the production cost is increased.
Therefore, it is necessary for those skilled in the art to develop a method for processing a silicon wafer with high sheet resistance, so as to solve the various drawbacks of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a processing method for diffusing a silicon wafer with high sheet resistance, which solves the problems existing in the prior art, and the specific scheme is as follows:
a processing method for a diffusion high sheet resistance silicon wafer comprises the following steps:
s1: putting the diffused high sheet resistance silicon wafer into H2SO4Performing secondary etching on the mixed solution of/HNO 3/HF, wherein the etching depth is (1.0-1.2) um;
s2: cleaning the etched high-sheet-resistance silicon wafer by using DI pure water;
s3: removing the porous silicon structure on the surface of the high sheet resistance silicon wafer by using a KOH solution;
s4: cleaning with DI pure water;
s5: removing the oxide layer on the surface of the high sheet resistance silicon wafer by using an HF solution;
s6: cleaning with DI pure water;
s7: drying in a drying groove;
s8: transferring the dried high sheet resistance silicon wafer to a diffusion process again for secondary diffusion, wherein the secondary diffusion temperature is 10-30 ℃ lower than that of the conventional diffusion process;
s9: and carrying out secondary etching on the high sheet resistance silicon wafer subjected to secondary diffusion to improve the back polishing effect, and then transferring to a normal production process.
Specifically, in the third step, an HF solution is used to replace a KOH solution to remove the porous silicon structure on the surface of the high sheet resistance silicon wafer.
In particular, the method comprises the following steps of,
in step S1, the mass concentration of HF in the mixed solution is 30-35g/l, and HNO3The mass concentration is 300-350g/l, the mass concentration of H2SO4 is 300-380g/l, the reaction temperature is 6-12 ℃, and the circulation flow is 35-45 l/min;
in the step S3, the mass percentage concentration of KOH in the KOH solution is 3-9%, the circulation flow is 20-30l/min, and the reaction temperature is 20-25 ℃;
in the step S8, the diffusion process temperature is set to 810-.
In particular, the method comprises the following steps of,
in step S1, the mass concentration of HF in the mixed solution is 30-35g/l, and HNO3The mass concentration is 300-350g/l, the mass concentration of H2SO4 is 300-380g/l, the reaction temperature is 6-12 ℃, and the circulation flow is 35-45 l/min;
in the step S3, the mass percent concentration of HF in the HF solution is 6% -12%, and the circulating flow rate is 90-150 l/min;
in the step S8, the diffusion process temperature is set to 810-.
Specifically, in the steps S2, S4, and S6, the circulation flow rate of DI pure water is 50-60L/min.
Specifically, in step S7, the temperature of the drying tub is 55 to 70 ℃.
The processing method of the diffusion high-sheet-resistance silicon wafer provided by the invention does not need secondary texturing, ensures the texturing surface of the silicon wafer, solves the problem of the appearance of the battery piece, and greatly improves the A-grade product rate of the battery. In the production process, because the wet etching is carried out twice, the back polishing effect (the reflectivity of the back of the silicon wafer is improved by increasing the wet etching amount) is improved, and the conversion efficiency is improved. Compared with the traditional secondary texturing processing method, the accumulative battery conversion efficiency of the method is improved by over 0.1 percent, and the A-grade product rate is improved by over 25 percent.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a prior art high sheet resistance battery diffuser treatment.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a high sheet resistance battery diffuser treatment in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a processing flow chart of a high sheet resistance battery diffusion sheet in the scheme of the invention, and referring to fig. 2, the invention claims a processing method of a diffusion high sheet resistance silicon wafer, which comprises the following steps:
s1: putting the diffused high sheet resistance silicon wafer into H2SO4/HNO3Performing secondary etching on the mixed solution of/HF, wherein the etching depth is (1.0-1.2) um;
s2: cleaning the etched high-sheet-resistance silicon wafer by using DI pure water;
s3: removing the porous silicon structure on the surface of the high sheet resistance silicon wafer by using a KOH solution;
s4: cleaning with DI pure water;
s5: removing the oxide layer on the surface of the high sheet resistance silicon wafer by using an HF solution;
s6: cleaning with DI pure water;
s7: drying in a drying groove;
s8: transferring the dried high sheet resistance silicon wafer to a diffusion process again for secondary diffusion, wherein the secondary diffusion temperature is 10-30 ℃ lower than that of the conventional diffusion process;
s9: and carrying out secondary etching on the high sheet resistance silicon wafer subjected to secondary diffusion to improve the back polishing effect, and then transferring to a normal production process.
Specifically, in the third step, an HF solution is used to replace a KOH solution to remove the porous silicon structure on the surface of the high sheet resistance silicon wafer.
Specifically, in step S1, the mass concentration of HF in the mixed solution is 30-35g/l, and HNO is added3The mass concentration is 300-350g/l, H2SO4The mass concentration of the catalyst is 300-380g/l, the reaction temperature is 6-12 ℃, and the circulation flow is 35-45 l/min;
in the step S3, the mass percentage concentration of KOH in the KOH solution is 3-9%, the circulation flow is 20-30l/min, and the reaction temperature is 20-25 ℃;
in the step S8, the diffusion process temperature is set to 810-.
Specifically, in step S1, the mass concentration of HF in the mixed solution is 30-35g/l, and HNO is added3The mass concentration is 300-350g/l, H2SO4The mass concentration of the catalyst is 300-380g/l, the reaction temperature is 6-12 ℃, and the circulation flow is 35-45 l/min;
in the step S3, the mass percent concentration of HF in the HF solution is 6% -12%, and the circulating flow rate is 90-150 l/min;
in the step S8, the diffusion process temperature is set to 810-.
Specifically, in the steps S2, S4, and S6, the circulation flow rate of DI pure water is 50-60L/min.
Specifically, in step S7, the temperature of the drying tub is 55 to 70 ℃.
Experiment one: equally dividing 2000 pieces of unqualified diffusion sheet resistance surfaces, wherein the sheet resistance value is more than 110, directly inputting the first group of experiments from the wool making process by adopting the prior technical scheme, carrying out the experiments according to the technical scheme of the invention in the second group of experiments, and carrying out the following statistics on electric parameters
Electric ginseng Voltage of Electric current Series resistance In parallel Filling in Average efficiency Number of Fraction of rejects
First group 0.630 8.852 0.0024 254.44 80.12 18.31% 945 6.23%
Second group 0.631 8.917 0.0021 275.31 80.78 18.55% 970 1.89%
Experiment two: equally dividing 2000 pieces of unqualified diffusion sheet resistance surfaces, wherein the sheet resistance value is more than 110, directly inputting the first group of experiments from the wool making process by adopting the prior technical scheme, carrying out the experiments according to the technical scheme of the invention in the second group of experiments, and carrying out the following statistics on electric parameters
Electric ginseng Voltage of Electric current Series resistance In parallel Filling in Average efficiency Number of Fraction of rejects
First group 0.631 8.849 0.0024 254.44 80.02 18.36% 991 5.52%
Second group 0.633 8.898 0.0024 254.44 80.25 18.57% 985 2.38%
Experiment three: equally dividing 2000 pieces of unqualified diffusion sheet resistance surfaces, wherein the sheet resistance value is more than 110, directly inputting the first group of experiments from the wool making process by adopting the prior technical scheme, carrying out the experiments according to the technical scheme of the invention in the second group of experiments, and carrying out the following statistics on electric parameters
Electric ginseng Voltage of Electric current Series resistance In parallel Filling in Average efficiency Number of Fraction of rejects
First group 0.629 8.835 0.0024 254.44 80.09 18.29% 982 5.69%
Second group 0.632 8.891 0.0031 269.26 80.18 18.51% 989 2.01%
Experiment four: the mass input is carried out, 10000 diffusion sheet resistance unqualified surfaces are equally divided, the sheet resistance value is more than 110, the first group of experiments are directly input from the wool making process, namely the prior technical scheme is adopted, the second group of experiments are carried out according to the technical scheme of the invention, and the electrical parameter statistics is as follows
Figure BDA0002191736200000051
Figure BDA0002191736200000061
Experiment five: mass input is carried out, 20000 diffusion sheet resistance unqualified surfaces are equally divided, the sheet resistance value is more than 110, the first group of experiments are directly input from the wool making process, namely the prior technical scheme is adopted, the second group of experiments are carried out according to the technical scheme of the invention, and the electrical parameter statistics is as follows
Electric ginseng Voltage of Electric current Series resistance In parallel Filling in Average efficiency Number of Fraction of rejects Percent of pass of finished product Grade a product rate
First group 0.629 8.866 0.0018 221.29 80.26 18.39% 19770 4.96% 92.35% 72.09%
Second group 0.635 8.875 0.0021 305.02 80.39 18.62% 19650 1.68% 97.75% 97.86%
The above experimental data are based on the results of multiple experimental verifications performed by two process schemes.
The process parameters in the five tests are shown in the following table:
first set of experimental Process parameters
Figure BDA0002191736200000062
Second set of Experimental Process parameters
Figure BDA0002191736200000063
By integrating the five experiments, the production is put into operation from multiple small batches to large batches, and the technical scheme of the invention is obviously optimized in electrical parameters compared with the conventional process, the average efficiency is improved by more than 0.2%, the unqualified surface proportion is greatly reduced by more than 3.5%, the actual production condition can be reflected in large-batch experiments, see experiment four and experiment five, the yield is also improved by more than 5.2%, and the production cost of high-volume battery slices in the recovery process is greatly reduced.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A processing method for a diffusion high sheet resistance silicon wafer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: putting the diffused high sheet resistance silicon wafer into H2SO4/HNO3Performing secondary etching on the mixed solution of/HF, wherein the etching depth is (1.0-1.2) um;
s2: cleaning the etched high-sheet-resistance silicon wafer by using DI pure water;
s3: removing the porous silicon structure on the surface of the high sheet resistance silicon wafer by using a KOH solution;
s4: cleaning with DI pure water;
s5: removing the oxide layer on the surface of the high sheet resistance silicon wafer by using an HF solution;
s6: cleaning with DI pure water;
s7: drying in a drying groove;
s8: transferring the dried high sheet resistance silicon wafer to a diffusion process again for secondary diffusion, wherein the secondary diffusion temperature is 10-30 ℃ lower than that of the conventional diffusion process;
s9: and carrying out secondary etching on the high sheet resistance silicon wafer subjected to secondary diffusion to improve the back polishing effect, and then transferring to a normal production process.
2. The method for processing a diffused high sheet resistance silicon wafer according to claim 1, wherein: and in the third step, HF solution is adopted to replace KOH solution to remove the porous silicon structure on the surface of the high sheet resistance silicon chip.
3. The method for processing a diffused high sheet resistance silicon wafer according to claim 1, wherein:
in step S1, the mass concentration of HF in the mixed solution is 30-35g/l, and HNO3The mass concentration is 300-350g/l, H2SO4The mass concentration of the catalyst is 300-380g/l, the reaction temperature is 6-12 ℃, and the circulation flow is 35-45 l/min;
in the step S3, the mass percentage concentration of KOH in the KOH solution is 3-9%, the circulation flow is 20-30l/min, and the reaction temperature is 20-25 ℃;
in the step S8, the diffusion process temperature is set to 810-.
4. The method for processing a diffused high sheet resistance silicon wafer according to claim 2, wherein:
in step S1, the mass concentration of HF in the mixed solution is 30-35g/l, and HNO3The mass concentration is 300-350g/l, H2SO4The mass concentration of the catalyst is 300-380g/l, the reaction temperature is 6-12 ℃, and the circulation flow is 35-45 l/min;
in the step S3, the mass percent concentration of HF in the HF solution is 6% -12%, and the circulating flow rate is 90-150 l/min;
in the step S8, the diffusion process temperature is set to 810-.
5. The method for processing a diffused high sheet resistance silicon wafer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: in the steps S2, S4, and S6, the circulation flow rate of DI pure water is 50-60L/min.
6. The method for processing a diffused high sheet resistance silicon wafer according to claim 5, wherein: in the step S7, the temperature of the drying tub is 55 to 70 ℃.
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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20110128619A (en) * 2010-05-24 2011-11-30 삼성전자주식회사 Solar cell and method of fabricating the same
US20120056304A1 (en) * 2010-09-03 2012-03-08 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Wafer, Fabricating Method Of The Same, And Semiconductor Substrate
CN104993014A (en) * 2015-05-27 2015-10-21 东方日升新能源股份有限公司 Individual remaking method of diffused defective sheets
CN105780127A (en) * 2016-04-05 2016-07-20 盐城阿特斯协鑫阳光电力科技有限公司 Phosphorus diffusion method of crystalline silicon solar cell
CN107195728A (en) * 2017-06-23 2017-09-22 江阴鑫辉太阳能有限公司 A kind of solar cell is done over again the processing method of piece
CN107452599A (en) * 2017-07-25 2017-12-08 山西潞安太阳能科技有限责任公司 A kind of classification for diffusion is done over again technique
CN109755352A (en) * 2019-01-24 2019-05-14 浙江正泰太阳能科技有限公司 A kind of silk-screen printing bad surface treatment method and reworking method

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20110128619A (en) * 2010-05-24 2011-11-30 삼성전자주식회사 Solar cell and method of fabricating the same
US20120056304A1 (en) * 2010-09-03 2012-03-08 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Wafer, Fabricating Method Of The Same, And Semiconductor Substrate
CN104993014A (en) * 2015-05-27 2015-10-21 东方日升新能源股份有限公司 Individual remaking method of diffused defective sheets
CN105780127A (en) * 2016-04-05 2016-07-20 盐城阿特斯协鑫阳光电力科技有限公司 Phosphorus diffusion method of crystalline silicon solar cell
CN107195728A (en) * 2017-06-23 2017-09-22 江阴鑫辉太阳能有限公司 A kind of solar cell is done over again the processing method of piece
CN107452599A (en) * 2017-07-25 2017-12-08 山西潞安太阳能科技有限责任公司 A kind of classification for diffusion is done over again technique
CN109755352A (en) * 2019-01-24 2019-05-14 浙江正泰太阳能科技有限公司 A kind of silk-screen printing bad surface treatment method and reworking method

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