CN112447162A - Sound absorption structure design method, sound absorption structure and acoustic bag structure - Google Patents
Sound absorption structure design method, sound absorption structure and acoustic bag structure Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
- G10K11/17861—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices using additional means for damping sound, e.g. using sound absorbing panels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
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- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1787—General system configurations
- G10K11/17873—General system configurations using a reference signal without an error signal, e.g. pure feedforward
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/118—Panels, e.g. active sound-absorption panels or noise barriers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
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- G10K2210/128—Vehicles
- G10K2210/1282—Automobiles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
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- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sound absorption structure design method, a sound absorption structure and an acoustic package structure, wherein the sound absorption structure design method comprises the steps of obtaining a target frequency and a sound pressure level corresponding to a vehicle noise source, and determining a target sound absorption coefficient according to the target frequency and the sound pressure level; determining a parameter range to be measured corresponding to the sound absorption structure; testing the structural parameters of the parameter range to be tested based on the target frequency and the target sound absorption coefficient to obtain target structural parameters; and manufacturing a sound absorption structure corresponding to the vehicle noise source according to the target structure parameters, wherein the method can effectively control the propagation of the vehicle noise source, improve the noise reduction effect and meet the requirement of vehicle light weight.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of acoustic packaging of new energy vehicles, in particular to a sound absorption structure design method, a sound absorption structure and an acoustic package structure.
Background
The method aims to meet the increasing demand of people on riding comfort, improve the market competitiveness of the whole vehicle and reduce noise in the vehicle. By analyzing the noise source of the whole vehicle, the power assembly part is the main source of the noise in the new energy vehicle, and the methods for reducing the noise mainly comprise the following three methods: control at the source of the vehicle noise, control during propagation, and take protective action at the receiver. The most common method for the noise of the power assembly is to control the transmission path of the power assembly, and an acoustic bag is designed to block the transmission of a vehicle noise source, and the main methods include sound absorption, sound insulation, damping vibration attenuation and the like.
In the traditional design of the acoustic bag, a sound absorption and insulation material or a damping material and other various sound absorption and insulation materials are combined to achieve the purpose of blocking noise of a vehicle noise source. According to the mass law, the greater the density of the material combination, the better the sound insulation effect, but the design of the acoustic bag with the greater density cannot meet the requirement of vehicle light weight. Meanwhile, due to the acoustic performance of the sound absorption and insulation material, a certain noise reduction effect can only be achieved in a certain frequency band, the vehicle noise source cannot be subjected to good energy consumption according to the specific frequency point of the vehicle noise source, and the noise reduction effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a sound absorption structure design method, a sound absorption structure and an acoustic bag structure, and aims to solve the problem of poor noise reduction effect caused by blocking noise in a material combination mode.
In a first aspect, there is provided a method of designing a sound absorbing structure, comprising:
acquiring a target frequency and a sound pressure level corresponding to a vehicle noise source, and determining a target sound absorption coefficient according to the target frequency and the sound pressure level;
determining a structural parameter range to be detected corresponding to the sound absorption structure;
testing the structural parameters of the structural parameter range to be tested based on the target frequency and the target sound absorption coefficient to obtain target structural parameters corresponding to the sound absorption structure;
and manufacturing the sound absorption structure according to the target structure parameters so as to reduce noise through the sound absorption structure.
In a second aspect, there is provided a sound absorbing structure comprising: the sound absorption body, the sound absorption cavity and the neck short pipe are arranged in the sound absorption body, and the neck short pipe is used for communicating the sound absorption cavity with the external space; the diameter of the neck pipe stub is smaller than that of the sound absorption cavity, and the sound absorption structure is manufactured according to the target structure parameters determined by the sound absorption structure design method in the first aspect
In a third aspect, an acoustic package structure is provided comprising at least one sound absorbing structure of the second aspect.
In the sound absorption structure design method, the sound absorption structure and the acoustic bag structure, the target sound absorption coefficient is determined according to the target frequency and the sound pressure level by obtaining the target frequency and the sound pressure level corresponding to the vehicle noise source, the range of the parameter to be tested corresponding to the sound absorption structure is determined, so that the structural parameter of the range of the parameter to be tested is tested based on the target frequency and the target sound absorption coefficient, the target structural parameter corresponding to the sound absorption structure is obtained, the sound absorption structure is manufactured according to the target structural parameter, the noise under the target frequency corresponding to the vehicle noise source is reduced through the sound absorption structure, and the effective energy consumption of the specific noise frequency point of the vehicle noise source is realized. Meanwhile, the sound absorption structure with different structural parameters absorbs noise of different frequency bands, compared with the traditional method that the noise of different frequency bands is reduced only by increasing the density of various material combinations, the method can effectively meet the requirement of light weight of the automobile.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sound absorbing structure in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic package structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of designing a sound absorbing structure according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a detailed flowchart of step S10 in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a detailed flowchart of step S30 in FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a detailed flowchart of step S33 in FIG. 5;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The sound absorption structure design method provided by the embodiment of the invention can be applied to different vehicles, is used for effectively controlling the propagation of a vehicle noise source, improves the noise reduction effect, and can meet the requirement of vehicle light weight.
In one embodiment, a sound absorbing structure is provided, the schematic structural view of which can be as shown in fig. 1. The sound absorption structure comprises a sound absorption body, a sound absorption cavity and a neck short pipe, wherein the sound absorption cavity and the neck short pipe are arranged in the sound absorption body, the neck short pipe is used for communicating the sound absorption cavity with an external space, the diameter of the neck short pipe is smaller than that of the sound absorption cavity, and the sound absorption structure is manufactured according to target structure parameters determined by the following sound absorption structure design method.
As shown in fig. 1, the sound absorbing structure 10 includes a sound absorbing body 101, a sound absorbing cavity 102 disposed in the sound absorbing body, and a neck pipe stub 103, where the neck pipe stub 103 is used to communicate the sound absorbing cavity 102 with the external space, and the diameter of the neck pipe stub 103 in the sound absorbing structure is smaller than that of the sound absorbing cavity 102 to form a resonant sound absorbing structure, when sound waves are incident, severe resonance is generated between the air in the neck pipe stub 103 and the air in the sound absorbing cavity 102 to overcome friction force, so that the sound energy of the sound waves in the propagation process is continuously converted into energy in other forms, thereby consuming the sound energy and attenuating the noise.
Because in the sound absorption structure, the external space is connected with the sound absorption cavity through the neck short pipe, when sound waves are transmitted through the neck short pipe, the viscosity of the air in the neck short pipe and the friction resistance between the air and the pipe wall are larger due to the narrow circulation section, so that the sound energy is violently converted into heat energy. When the incident frequency of the sound wave is consistent with the frequency of the sound absorption structure, violent resonance is generated between the air in the neck short tube and the air in the sound absorption cavity, and the sound energy absorption effect is enhanced, so that the sound energy is consumed, the noise is attenuated, and the noise reduction effect is improved.
In this embodiment, the sound absorption structure is manufactured by determining target structure parameters according to the following sound absorption structure design method to adjust the size of the resonance frequency, so as to achieve the purpose of absorbing noise of a specific frequency band (i.e., target frequency).
In one embodiment, the sound absorption body in the sound absorption structure adopts a polyurethane double-layer structure, a polyurethane single-layer structure or a polyurethane composite structure.
Specifically, sound absorbing and insulating materials with different sound absorption coefficients are selected according to the frequency characteristics of different vehicle noise sources, so that the sound absorption effect is realized through different sound absorbing materials (or material combinations).
In this embodiment, the polyurethane double-layer structure includes a foamed polyurethane material having a density gradient, and the surface is a self-skinning layer having a certain thickness, and the low-density self-skinning layer mainly plays a sound absorbing role, and the high-density self-skinning layer mainly plays a sound insulating role. The polyurethane single-layer structure comprises a foamed polyurethane material with non-woven fabrics so as to play a role in sound absorption and heat insulation. The polyurethane composite structure comprises a composite material of polyurethane foam material and felt, so as to play a role in sound absorption and sound insulation.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, an acoustic package structure is provided that includes at least one sound absorbing structure.
As shown in the drawings, the acoustic bag structure includes at least one sound absorbing structure 10, and it should be noted that the material used for the acoustic bag structure is consistent with the material used for the sound absorbing body in the sound absorbing structure 10, so as to achieve the noise reduction effect by combining different sound absorbing and insulating materials (or material combinations) with the sound absorbing structure.
In this embodiment, this acoustics package structure can design according to the vehicle noise source of difference, through parallelly connecting at least one sound absorbing structure to wrap up this acoustics package structure on the vehicle noise source that corresponds, in order to reach the purpose that makes pointed noise reduction to the frequency characteristic of different vehicle noise sources, improve the noise reduction effect.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a method of designing a sound absorbing structure is provided, comprising the steps of:
s10: and acquiring the target frequency and the sound pressure level corresponding to the vehicle noise source, and determining a target sound absorption coefficient according to the target frequency and the sound pressure level.
The target frequency refers to a frequency range or a frequency corresponding to a noise peak value, in which the noise energy is higher, in the frequency components of the vehicle noise source in the main noise transmission direction (or transmission path). The target sound absorption coefficient is a standard value of the sound absorption coefficient for a subsequent test sound absorption structure. Sound pressure level is an indicator of the relative magnitude of sound intensity. Specifically, a desired amount of noise reduction is determined based on the target frequency and the magnitude of the sound pressure level, and then empirically based on the target frequency and the magnitude of the sound pressure level corresponding to the source of noise in the vehicle. Illustratively, the target frequency and the sound pressure level corresponding to the current vehicle noise source are 700HZ and 80dB respectively, the expected noise reduction amount at this time is determined to be 60dB according to experience, and then a target sound absorption coefficient, namely 20/80, is determined to be 0.25 according to the expected noise reduction amount, namely 60 dB. It should be noted that the description herein for determining the target sound absorption coefficient is only for illustration and not for limitation.
In the present embodiment, the vehicle noise sources include, but are not limited to, the engine, the motor controller, and the transmission.
Specifically, because the current material combination mode can only perform medium-high frequency attenuation or full-band and other secondary attenuation on the energy of noise, some special materials also have a good sound absorption effect only for one broadband signal, for example, sound absorption cotton has a good sound absorption effect on high-frequency noise, but for some vehicle noise sources (such as an engine) with narrow bandwidth and concentrated energy, the material combination mode cannot have a good sound absorption effect on the noise of the vehicle noise source, that is, the noise reduction effect is not good. In this embodiment, a target sound absorption coefficient is determined according to a target frequency and a sound pressure level corresponding to a vehicle noise source, so as to effectively aim at noise characteristics such as frequency characteristics of the vehicle noise source, and a sound absorption structure corresponding to the noise characteristics is manufactured, so as to realize targeted noise reduction of the vehicle noise source.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, in step S10, obtaining a target frequency and a sound pressure level corresponding to the noise source of the vehicle, and determining the target sound absorption coefficient according to the target frequency and the sound pressure level, the method specifically includes the following steps:
s11: and determining a target transmission path corresponding to the vehicle noise source.
In the embodiment, because the frequency components corresponding to different noise transmission paths are different, a target transmission path corresponding to a vehicle noise source needs to be determined, and a corresponding sound absorption structure is manufactured according to the frequency characteristics corresponding to the target transmission path in a targeted manner, so that energy consumption of noise of the vehicle noise source is realized, and the noise reduction effect is improved.
In this embodiment, since there are many noise transmission paths, a target transmission path of a vehicle noise source may be determined first, so as to determine a corresponding target frequency according to a frequency characteristic corresponding to the target transmission path. For example, the determination of the target transmission path for the vehicle noise source may be determined as follows: by placing the acoustic sensor at a vehicle noise source (e.g. the engine) and a noise test point within the vehicle (e.g. the driver's right ear position), arranging a vibration sensor at a noise transfer point (such as a vehicle door and a floor) to collect noise data, converting the noise data collected by the sound sensor and the vibration sensor into a frequency spectrum, by comparing the corresponding frequency spectrums of the vehicle noise source and the vehicle internal noise test point under the same working condition (such as idling, 40km/h), the relevant frequency (such as 100-200Hz) with larger correlation between the vehicle noise source and the vehicle internal noise test point is determined, determining a frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise transfer point according to the relevant frequency, determining the maximum noise energy corresponding to the relevant frequency as a target transfer point, determining a target transfer path according to the target transfer point, i.e. a target transfer path through which noise emitted by a vehicle noise source is transferred to a noise test point in the vehicle via a target transfer point.
S12: and determining the target frequency according to the frequency characteristics corresponding to the target transmission path.
Specifically, the frequency characteristics corresponding to different noise transmission paths are different, and the frequency characteristics corresponding to the target transmission path are analyzed to determine the target frequency. For example, if there is a noise peak in the frequency characteristic corresponding to the target transmission path, and the noise energy corresponding to the noise peak is much higher than the noise energy corresponding to other frequency characteristics, the frequency corresponding to the noise peak may be taken as the target frequency. If the noise energy corresponding to the noise transmission path is concentrated in the frequency characteristic corresponding to the target transmission path, the frequency range corresponding to the concentrated portion of the noise energy may be used as the target frequency.
In this embodiment, the target frequency and the sound pressure level corresponding to the noise source of the vehicle are obtained, so that the target sound absorption coefficient is determined according to the target frequency and the sound pressure level, the structural parameters within the parameter range to be tested are tested according to the set target frequency and the set target sound absorption coefficient, the target structural parameters corresponding to the sound absorption structure are obtained, and the noise reduction of the noise in different frequency bands is realized.
S20: and determining the range of the parameters to be measured corresponding to the sound absorption structure.
The range of the parameter to be measured is a structure parameter range estimated according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, the structural parameters corresponding to the sound absorption structure include structural parameters corresponding to the neck pipe stub (such as the length and diameter of the neck pipe stub) and structural parameters corresponding to the sound absorption cavity (such as the diameter of the sound absorption cavity and the depth of the sound absorption cavity).
30: and testing the structural parameters of the parameter range to be tested based on the target frequency and the target sound absorption coefficient to obtain the target structural parameters corresponding to the sound absorption structure.
The parameter range to be measured comprises a first geometric parameter range corresponding to the neck short pipe and a second geometric parameter range corresponding to the sound absorption cavity. The first range of geometric parameters may include a range of values corresponding to a neck diameter and a neck length. The second geometric parameter range may include a range of values corresponding to a diameter of the sound absorbing cavity and a depth of the sound absorbing cavity.
Because in the sound absorbing structure, exterior space passes through the neck nozzle stub with the sound absorption cavity and is connected, when the sound wave passes through the transmission of neck nozzle stub, the neck nozzle stub of slender form (being the diameter of neck nozzle stub is little and neck nozzle stub length is long), because the flow cross section is narrow, the viscosity of air itself in the neck nozzle stub and the frictional resistance between the pipe wall is bigger, make the sound energy acutely turn into heat energy. When the incident frequency of the sound wave is consistent with the frequency of the sound absorption structure, violent resonance is generated between the air in the neck short tube and the air in the sound absorption cavity, the sound energy absorption effect is enhanced, and therefore the sound energy is consumed, and the noise is attenuated. In the embodiment, the target structure parameters of the sound absorption structure are adjusted to adjust the size of the resonance frequency, so that the noises in different frequency bands are absorbed.
Specifically, different structural parameters within a parameter range to be tested are selected for testing to determine target structural parameters corresponding to the target frequency and the target sound absorption coefficient, so that the sound absorption structure is manufactured according to the target structural parameters, and targeted noise reduction is realized through the sound absorption structure to improve the noise reduction effect.
In one embodiment, the range of the parameter to be measured includes a first geometric parameter range and a second geometric parameter range; as shown in fig. 5, in step S30, namely, based on the target frequency and the target sound absorption coefficient, the structural parameters of the parameter range to be tested are tested to obtain the target structural parameters corresponding to the sound absorption structure, which specifically includes the following steps:
s31: and circularly selecting a first target parameter and a second target parameter from the first geometric parameter range and the second geometric parameter range as a group of parameter groups to be tested.
Wherein the first target parameter is a neck diameter and a neck length selected from a first range of geometric parameters. The second target parameter is a diameter of the sound-absorbing cavity and a depth of the sound-absorbing cavity selected from a second range of geometric parameters. And a first target parameter and a second target parameter which are randomly selected from the first geometric parameter range and the second geometric parameter range are used as a group of parameter groups to be tested, so that the parameter groups to be tested are utilized for subsequent testing.
S32: and determining the maximum sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point corresponding to the parameter group to be tested.
Specifically, after any group of parameter groups to be tested is determined, the parameter groups to be tested are subjected to determination to determine sound absorption characteristic curves of different sound absorption peak values and different sound absorption bandwidth corresponding to the parameter groups to be tested, so that the maximum sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point corresponding to the parameter groups to be tested are determined.
In one embodiment, the sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point corresponding to the parameter group to be tested can be determined by an analog simulation test or an actual sample test. For example, in the actual sample test process, an actual sample of the sound absorption structure is constructed based on the parameter group to be tested, the actual sample is used for testing to determine a corresponding sound absorption characteristic curve, and a corresponding maximum sound absorption coefficient and a corresponding test frequency point are determined according to the sound absorption characteristic curve.
In one embodiment, determining the sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point corresponding to the parameter set to be tested may be determined by using a comprehensive theoretical analysis, that is, determining the maximum sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point corresponding to the parameter set to be tested in step S32 includes: and processing the parameter group to be tested according to the acoustic model, and determining the maximum sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point corresponding to the parameter group to be tested.
Wherein the acoustic model comprises the following formula:
in the above formula: zsRepresenting the relative acoustic impedance and d of the n sound absorption structures connected in parallel0Indicating neck diameter,/0Denotes neck pipe stub length, D denotes sound absorption cavity diameter, H denotes sound absorption cavity depth, ω denotes angular frequency, ω ═ 2 π f, l'0Indicating neck spool equivalent length, S0Representing neck spool cross-sectional area, SARepresents the sound absorption quantity RaRepresenting acoustic resistance, eta being viscosity coefficient in air, r representing real part of relative acoustic impedance, m representing imaginary part of relative acoustic impedance, rho0Represents the air density, CaAcoustic compliance, C, representing a sound absorbing cavity0Representing the speed of sound in air, MaRepresenting neck acoustic mass, Re () representing a function that calculates r, lm () representing a function that calculates m.
S33: and if the maximum sound absorption coefficient is matched with the target sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point is matched with the target frequency, acquiring target structure parameters.
Specifically, if the maximum sound absorption coefficient is matched with the target sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point is matched with the target frequency, it can be understood that the maximum sound absorption coefficient is within the set target sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point is within the set target frequency, and then the target structure parameter corresponding to the sound absorption structure is obtained.
In this embodiment, different structural parameters within a parameter range to be tested are selected for testing, that is, different parameter sets to be tested are cyclically selected from the first geometric parameter range and the second set parameter range respectively for testing, and then, the maximum sound absorption coefficient and the corresponding frequency corresponding to the selected structural parameter set are determined according to the selected parameter sets to be tested, so as to determine whether the set target frequency and the set target sound absorption coefficient are satisfied according to the maximum sound absorption coefficient and the corresponding frequency, and further, target structural parameters corresponding to the sound absorption structure are obtained, so that the sound absorption structure is manufactured according to the target structural parameters, and noise reduction is realized through the sound absorption structure.
In an embodiment, after step S32, the sound absorbing structure design method further includes: s34: and if the maximum sound absorption coefficient is not matched with the target sound absorption coefficient or the test frequency point is not matched with the target frequency, repeating the step of selecting the first target parameter and the second target parameter from the first geometric parameter range and the second geometric parameter range as a group of parameter groups to be tested.
Specifically, if the maximum sound absorption coefficient is not matched with the target sound absorption coefficient or the test frequency point is not matched with the target frequency, the step of selecting the first target parameter and the second target parameter as a group of parameter groups to be tested from the first geometric parameter range and the second geometric parameter range is repeatedly executed in a circulating manner, so that the structural parameters in the first geometric parameter range and the second geometric parameter range are tested in a circulating manner, and the target structural parameters meeting the conditions are obtained.
S40: and manufacturing a sound absorption structure corresponding to the vehicle noise source according to the target structure parameters.
Specifically, the sound absorption structure corresponding to the vehicle noise source is manufactured according to the target structure parameters, and the noise under the target frequency corresponding to the vehicle noise source is subjected to targeted noise reduction through the sound absorption structure, so that effective energy consumption is performed on specific noise frequency points of the vehicle noise source, and the noise reduction effect is improved. Meanwhile, the sound absorption structure with different structural parameters absorbs noise of different frequency bands, compared with the traditional method of reducing noise of different frequency bands by increasing the density of various material combinations, the method can effectively meet the requirement of light weight of the automobile.
In this embodiment, by obtaining the target frequency and the sound pressure level corresponding to the vehicle noise source, the target sound absorption coefficient and the parameter range to be tested corresponding to the sound absorption structure are determined according to the target frequency and the sound pressure level, so that based on the target frequency and the target sound absorption coefficient, the structural parameter of the parameter range to be tested is tested, the target structural parameter corresponding to the sound absorption structure is obtained, the sound absorption structure is manufactured according to the target structural parameter, noise reduction is performed on the noise under the target frequency corresponding to the vehicle noise source through the sound absorption structure, effective energy consumption is performed on a specific noise frequency point of the vehicle noise source, and the noise reduction effect is improved. Meanwhile, the sound absorption structure with different structural parameters absorbs noise of different frequency bands, compared with the traditional method of reducing noise of different frequency bands by increasing the density of various material combinations, the method can effectively meet the requirement of light weight of the automobile.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, in step S33, if the maximum sound absorption coefficient matches the target sound absorption coefficient, and the test frequency point matches the target frequency, the method obtains the target structure parameter corresponding to the sound absorption structure, and specifically includes the following steps:
s331: and if the maximum sound absorption coefficient is matched with the target sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point is matched with the target frequency, acquiring the matching structure parameters corresponding to the sound absorption structure.
The matching structure parameters refer to the structure parameters that the corresponding maximum sound absorption coefficient is matched with the target sound absorption coefficient, and the test frequency point is matched with the target frequency. Specifically, if the maximum sound absorption coefficient is matched with the target sound absorption coefficient, and the test frequency point is matched with the target frequency, the matching structure parameters corresponding to the sound absorption structure are obtained.
S332: and verifying the matching structure parameters, and determining the matching structure parameters which are successfully verified as target structure parameters.
Specifically, an acoustic package designed according to the sound absorption structure corresponding to the matching structure parameters is wrapped on a vehicle noise source for testing, test noise data are collected, the test noise data are compared with original noise data collected by the vehicle noise source which is not wrapped by the acoustic package for analysis, and if the noise peak value in the test noise data is lower than or disappears compared with the noise peak value in the original noise data under the same frequency, the sound absorption structure corresponding to the matching structure parameters can be proved to realize the noise reduction effect, so that the matching structure parameters which are verified successfully are determined as target structure parameters.
In this embodiment, the matching structure parameters meeting the design conditions (that is, meeting the set target frequency and target sound absorption coefficient) are verified, and the matching structure parameters successfully verified are determined as the target structure parameters, so that the noise reduction effect is better when the sound absorption structure is manufactured according to the target structure parameters.
It should be understood that, the sequence numbers of the steps in the foregoing embodiments do not imply an execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by hardware instructions of a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory, among others. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus Direct RAM (RDRAM), direct bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-mentioned division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical applications, the above-mentioned function distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-mentioned functions.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method of designing a sound absorbing structure, comprising:
acquiring a target frequency and a sound pressure level corresponding to a vehicle noise source, and determining a target sound absorption coefficient according to the target frequency and the sound pressure level;
determining a parameter range to be measured corresponding to the sound absorption structure;
testing the structural parameters of the parameter range to be tested based on the target frequency and the target sound absorption coefficient to obtain target structural parameters;
and manufacturing a sound absorption structure corresponding to the vehicle noise source according to the target structure parameters.
2. The method of designing a sound absorbing structure of claim 1, wherein said obtaining a target frequency corresponding to a noise source of the vehicle comprises:
determining a target transmission path corresponding to the vehicle noise source;
and determining the target frequency according to the frequency characteristics corresponding to the target transmission path.
3. The method of designing a sound absorbing structure according to claim 1, wherein the range of parameters to be measured includes a first range of geometric parameters and a second range of geometric parameters;
according to the target frequency and the target sound absorption coefficient, carrying out cycle test on the structural parameters of the parameter range to be tested, and acquiring the target structural parameters corresponding to the sound absorption structure, wherein the cycle test comprises the following steps:
circularly selecting a first target parameter and a second target parameter from the first geometric parameter range and the second geometric parameter range as a group of parameters to be tested;
determining a maximum sound absorption coefficient and a test frequency point corresponding to the parameter group to be tested;
and if the maximum sound absorption coefficient is matched with the target sound absorption coefficient, and the test frequency point is matched with the target frequency, acquiring target structure parameters corresponding to the sound absorption structure.
4. The method of designing a sound absorbing structure according to claim 3, wherein if the maximum sound absorbing coefficient matches the target sound absorbing coefficient and the test frequency point matches the target frequency, obtaining target structure parameters corresponding to the sound absorbing structure comprises:
if the maximum sound absorption coefficient is matched with the target sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point is matched with the target frequency, acquiring a matching structure parameter corresponding to the sound absorption structure;
and verifying the matching structure parameters, and determining the matching structure parameters which are successfully verified as the target structure parameters.
5. The sound absorbing structure design method of claim 3 wherein after determining the maximum sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point corresponding to the set of parameters to be tested, the sound absorbing structure design method further comprises:
and if the maximum sound absorption coefficient is not matched with the target sound absorption coefficient or the test frequency point is not matched with the target frequency, repeatedly executing the step of circularly selecting a first target parameter and a second target parameter from the first geometric parameter range and the second geometric parameter range as a group of parameter groups to be tested.
6. The method of designing a sound absorbing structure of claim 3, wherein said determining a maximum sound absorption coefficient and a test frequency point corresponding to said set of parameters to be tested comprises:
and processing the parameter group to be tested according to the acoustic model, and determining the maximum sound absorption coefficient and the test frequency point corresponding to the parameter group to be tested.
7. A sound absorbing structure, comprising: the sound absorption body, the sound absorption cavity and the neck short pipe are arranged in the sound absorption body, and the neck short pipe is used for communicating the sound absorption cavity with the external space; the neck pipe stub has a diameter smaller than that of the sound absorption cavity; the sound absorbing structure is fabricated in accordance with the target structural parameters determined by the sound absorbing structure design method as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The sound absorbing structure of claim 7, wherein the sound absorbing body has a polyurethane double layer structure, a polyurethane single layer structure, or a polyurethane composite structure.
9. An acoustic package structure characterized in that it comprises at least one sound absorbing structure as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 8.
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