CN112442403A - 一种生物质燃料制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种生物质燃料制备方法,包括如下步骤:步骤一:对原始生物质燃料进行干燥处理;步骤二:将部分干燥后的生物质燃料进行热解生成生物质油;步骤三:对干燥后的生物质燃料进行破碎处理;步骤四:将步骤二获得的生物质油和步骤三获得的破碎后的生物质燃料混合均匀;步骤五:将步骤四混合均匀的生物质燃料和生物质油胶黏剂共同压制成型,制成生物质成型燃料。本发明利用生物质本身获得的生物质油作为胶黏剂制备成型的生物质燃料,生物质油同时作为胶黏剂和燃料,获取成本低,当所述生物质成型燃料被加热时,作为胶黏剂的生物质油的黏度降低,使所述成型燃料易松散,松散呈细微的生物质颗粒,燃烧更充分。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物质燃料领域,具体为一种生物质燃料制备方法。
背景技术
生物质能是清洁的可再生能源,在诸多可再生能源中,生物质能能源当量是位于石油、煤、天然气之后的第四大能源,当今世界约有15%的能源来自生物质。然而,生物质的重量密度和能量密度较低,运输成本较高。因此,在生物质直接利用方式中,经常将生物质燃料制备成成型燃料,提高其质量密度和能量,且便于科研实验和工业应用。然而,现有的生物质成型燃料一般都是将干燥的生物质破碎后压制成型,成型的生物质燃料颗粒在后续运输、搬运和使用的过程中容易松散,加大了损耗和扬尘,污染使用环境。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的上述问题,本发明的目的是提供一种生物质燃料制备方法,利用生物质本身获得的生物质油作为胶黏剂,用于将松散的、细微的生物质颗粒黏结成团,制备成型的生物质燃料,生物质油作为生物质燃料本身的热解产物,获取成本低,无需额外购买胶黏剂;生物质油同时作为胶黏剂和燃料;当所述生物质成型燃料被加热时,作为胶黏剂的生物质油的黏度降低,使所述成型燃料易松散,松散呈细微的生物质颗粒,燃烧更充分。
为了实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种生物质燃料制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:对原始生物质燃料进行干燥处理;
步骤二:将部分干燥后的生物质燃料进行热解生成生物质油;
步骤三:对干燥后的生物质燃料进行破碎处理;
步骤四:将步骤二获得的生物质油和步骤三获得的破碎后的生物质燃料混合均匀;
步骤五:将步骤四混合均匀的生物质燃料和生物质油胶黏剂共同压制成型,制成生物质成型燃料。
步骤一的干燥处理方式为自然晾干。
步骤一的干燥处理方式热风烘干。
热风的能量来源为生物质燃料本身。
步骤二中,对生物质燃料进行热解的气氛为氮气。
步骤二中使用快速热解获取生物质油。
步骤二中还生成热解气和半焦炭,热解气和半焦炭用于步骤一中进行烘干原始生物质的燃料。
步骤二和步骤三无先后顺序之分。
步骤三利用的破碎方式为物理破碎。
使用破碎机将所述生物质破碎为直径为不大于2mm的生物质颗粒。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:利用生物质本身获得的生物质油作为胶黏剂,用于将松散的、细微的生物质颗粒黏结成团,制备形成成型的生物质燃料;生物质油作为生物质燃料本身的热解产物,获取成本低,无需额外购买胶黏剂;生物质油为可燃物,热值高,可同时作为胶黏剂和燃料;当所述生物质成型燃料被加热时,作为胶黏剂的生物质油的黏度降低,使所述成型燃料易松散,松散呈细微的生物质颗粒,燃烧更充分。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的生物质燃料制备方法作进一步详细、完整地说明。下面描述的实施例是示例性的,仅用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
一种生物质燃料制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:对原始生物质燃料进行干燥处理。
此步骤用于去除生物质燃料的外水分。较佳的,干燥处理的方式为自然晾晒。由于自然状态的生物质燃料含有外水分较多,通过自然晾晒的方式能够去除较多的外水分,且处理成本低。缺点是晾晒对天气状况依赖程度大,且对需求场地大,晾晒时间长。针对上述缺点,可根据具体情况设置风机进行热风烘干加热,形成热风的能量来源为生物质燃料本身,即无需额外的燃料。
步骤二:将部分干燥后的生物质燃料进行热解生成生物质油。
此步骤中,对生物质燃料进行热解的气氛为惰性气体,较佳的,为氮气。本步骤的目的为获得生物质油,因此可以通过快速热解,使取用的生物质燃料大部分转为生物质油。少量的热解气和半焦炭作为燃料,用于步骤一中,对原始生物质燃料进行干燥处理。获得的生物质油留存备用。
步骤三:对干燥后的生物质燃料进行破碎处理。
此步骤和步骤二无先后顺序之分,可同时进行或前后进行。此步骤利用的破碎方式为物理破碎,具体的,使用破碎机进行破碎。较佳的,破碎为直径为不大于2mm的生物质颗粒。
步骤四:将步骤二获得的生物质油和步骤三获得的破碎后的生物质燃料混合均匀。
此步骤中,利用步骤二获得的生物质油作为胶黏剂,用于将松散的、细微的生物质颗粒黏结成团。生物质油作为生物质燃料本身的热解产物,获取成本低,无需额外购买胶黏剂,另外,生物质油本身属于可燃物,且其热值高,即可同时作为胶黏剂和燃料。
步骤五:将步骤四混合均匀的生物质燃料和生物质油胶黏剂共同压制成型,制成生物质成型燃料。
此步骤中,压制后,生物质油胶黏剂和生物质颗粒黏结,生物质油胶黏剂渗入生物质颗粒之间的空隙中,进一步提高了最终制备的生物质成型燃料的质量密度和能量密度。生物质油的黏度随着温度的升高而降低,因此常温时,生物质油的黏度较高,能很好的使用生物质颗粒黏结成团,燃烧时,当所述生物质成型燃料被加热时,作为胶黏剂的生物质油的黏度降低,使所述成型燃料易松散,松散呈细微的生物质颗粒,燃烧更充分。
制备好的生物质成型燃料相对原始,可作为科学实验或者热电厂的燃料。相对冶炼、玻璃等工业对燃烧的温度、反应物的成分、清洁度等的要求相比,热电厂的锅炉燃烧相对粗放,生物质成型燃料的单独燃烧利用或和其它燃料进行混烧均适用,且燃料成本低,可部分消除对传统燃煤的依赖。
最后有必要在此说明的是:以上实施例只用于对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细地说明,不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制,本领域的技术人员根据本发明的上述内容作出的一些非本质的改进和调整均属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种生物质燃料制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
步骤一:对原始生物质燃料进行干燥处理;
步骤二:将部分干燥后的生物质燃料进行热解生成生物质油;
步骤三:对干燥后的生物质燃料进行破碎处理;
步骤四:将步骤二获得的生物质油和步骤三获得的破碎后的生物质燃料混合均匀;
步骤五:将步骤四混合均匀的生物质燃料和生物质油胶黏剂共同压制成型,制成生物质成型燃料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的生物质燃料制备方法,其特征在于:步骤一的干燥处理方式为自然晾干。
3.根据权利要求1所述的生物质燃料制备方法,其特征在于:步骤一的干燥处理方式热风烘干。
4.根据权利要求3所述的生物质燃料制备方法,其特征在于:热风的能量来源为生物质燃料本身。
5.根据权利要求1所述的生物质燃料制备方法,其特征在于:步骤二中,对生物质燃料进行热解的气氛为氮气。
6.根据权利要求1所述的生物质燃料制备方法,其特征在于:步骤二中使用快速热解获取生物质油。
7.根据权利要求4所述的生物质燃料制备方法,其特征在于:步骤二中还生成热解气和半焦炭,热解气和半焦炭用于步骤一中进行烘干原始生物质的燃料。
8.根据权利要求1所述的生物质燃料制备方法,其特征在于:步骤二和步骤三无先后顺序之分。
9.根据权利要求1所述的生物质燃料制备方法,其特征在于:步骤三利用的破碎方式为物理破碎。
10.根据权利要求9所述的生物质燃料制备方法,其特征在于:使用破碎机将所述生物质破碎为直径为不大于2mm的生物质颗粒。
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CN115261095A (zh) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-01 | 保山市质量技术监督综合检测中心 | 一种高燃烧值耐烧低氮排放的生物质成型燃料的制备工艺 |
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CN115261095A (zh) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-01 | 保山市质量技术监督综合检测中心 | 一种高燃烧值耐烧低氮排放的生物质成型燃料的制备工艺 |
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