CN112442382A - Preparation method of semi coke - Google Patents
Preparation method of semi coke Download PDFInfo
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- CN112442382A CN112442382A CN202011202836.1A CN202011202836A CN112442382A CN 112442382 A CN112442382 A CN 112442382A CN 202011202836 A CN202011202836 A CN 202011202836A CN 112442382 A CN112442382 A CN 112442382A
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- coke
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- coal
- dry distillation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
Abstract
The application provides a preparation method of semi-coke, which comprises the following steps: selecting raw coal with the lumpiness of 20-80mm to prepare semi coke, adding the raw coal into an internal heating type vertical furnace from top to bottom, and introducing mixed gas of air and coal gas to fully contact the raw coal. Firstly, the raw materials enter a carbonization chamber for preheating for 12 to 16 hours, and the preheating temperature is 140 ℃ and 160 ℃. After preheating, the mixture enters a carbonization chamber for dry distillation for 5 to 7 hours, and the dry distillation temperature is 500-850 ℃. After dry distillation, the semi-coke enters a carbonization chamber to be cooled for 1 to 3 hours at the cooling temperature of 100 ℃ and 150 ℃ to obtain semi-coke immediately. Quenching the obtained semi coke by using clear water, immediately sending the semi coke into a dryer for drying until the water content is reduced to 15-20%, dropping the semi coke into an internal heating type vertical furnace bottom after drying, cooling to 50 ℃, scraping the cooled semi coke by a coke scraper, screening and warehousing. According to the semi-coke preparation method provided by the application, the semi-coke production efficiency can be remarkably improved, and the problem of low semi-coke production efficiency found in the current market is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of coal chemical industry, in particular to a preparation method of semi coke.
Background
Semi-coke and coke powder are produced by burning high-quality Jura coal blocks produced in Shenfu coal field, and are used as a novel carbon material to gradually replace metallurgical coke due to the characteristics of high fixed carbon, high specific resistance, high chemical activity, low ash content, low aluminum content, low sulfur content, low phosphorus content and the like, so that the semi-coke and coke powder are widely applied to the production of products such as calcium carbide, iron alloy, ferrosilicon, silicon carbide and the like, and are an irreplaceable carbon material.
At present, the common semi coke is in a block shape, the adopted technical process mostly mainly adopts low-temperature dry distillation, and the dry distillation temperature is generally about 600 ℃. Since the start is late, the annual output of a single furnace of the existing semi-coke low-temperature dry distillation furnace equipment is mostly about 3 ten thousand tons/year, the low-temperature dry distillation furnace equipment with the scale of 5 ten thousand tons/year and above is still in the exploration and test stage, the technical process of large-scale equipment is still not mature, the centralized large-scale production can be realized only by using the combination technology of one furnace, multiple doors and the like, and finally the problem of low semi-coke production efficiency is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a preparation method of semi-coke, which aims to solve the problem of low efficiency of semi-coke production.
The preparation method of semi coke is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: selecting raw coal with the lumpiness of 20-80mm to prepare semi coke;
step 2: adding raw coal into an internal heating vertical furnace from top to bottom, introducing mixed gas of air and coal gas to fully contact the raw coal, sequentially entering a preheating section, a dry distillation section and a cooling section of a carbonization chamber, and performing preheating, dry distillation and cooling treatment to obtain semi coke;
and step 3: quenching the semi coke obtained in the step 2 by using clear water;
and 4, step 4: sending the semi coke obtained in the step 3 to a dryer, drying until the water content is 15-20%, and then falling into an internal heating type vertical furnace bottom to be cooled to 50 ℃;
and 5: and (4) scraping the semi-coke obtained in the step (4) by a coke scraper, and screening and warehousing.
Optionally, in the step 2, the coal valve is opened every 30min, and the raw coal is automatically added into the internal heating type vertical furnace for 1 time.
Optionally, the preheating treatment time is 12-16 hours, and the preheating temperature is 140-.
Optionally, the dry distillation treatment time is 5-7 hours, and the dry distillation temperature is 500-.
Optionally, the cooling treatment time is 1-3 hours, and the cooling temperature is 100-.
Optionally, the ratio of air to coal gas in the introduced mixed gas is 1 (1.8-2.0).
Optionally, 190-250m is used for each 1 ton of raw coal3Of the air of (2).
Optionally, in the cooling section, the cooling section is cooled by heat exchange between the coke discharge port and steam generated in the internal heating type vertical furnace bottom coke scraping groove.
The application provides a preparation method of semi-coke, which comprises the following steps: selecting raw coal with the lumpiness of 20-80mm to prepare semi coke, adding the raw coal into an internal heating type vertical furnace from top to bottom, and introducing mixed gas of air and coal gas to fully contact the raw coal. Firstly, the raw materials enter a carbonization chamber for preheating for 12 to 16 hours, and the preheating temperature is 140 ℃ and 160 ℃. After preheating, the mixture enters a carbonization chamber for dry distillation for 5 to 7 hours, and the dry distillation temperature is 500-850 ℃. After dry distillation, the semi-coke enters a carbonization chamber to be cooled for 1 to 3 hours at the cooling temperature of 100 ℃ and 150 ℃ to obtain semi-coke immediately. Quenching the obtained semi coke by using clear water, immediately sending the semi coke into a dryer for drying until the water content is reduced to 15-20%, dropping the semi coke into an internal heating type vertical furnace bottom after drying, cooling to 50 ℃, scraping the cooled semi coke by a coke scraper, screening and warehousing. According to the semi-coke preparation method provided by the application, the semi-coke production efficiency can be remarkably improved, and the problem of low semi-coke production efficiency found in the current market is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of semi-coke provided by the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following examples do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. But merely as exemplifications of systems and methods consistent with certain aspects of the application, as recited in the claims.
Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of a method for preparing semi coke provided by the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 1, a method for preparing semi-coke includes the following steps:
step 1: selecting raw coal with the lumpiness of 20-80mm to prepare semi coke;
step 2: adding raw coal into an internal heating type vertical furnace from top to bottom, fully contacting with a mixed gas of introduced air and coal gas, sequentially entering a preheating section, a dry distillation section and a cooling section of a carbonization chamber, and performing preheating, dry distillation and cooling treatment to obtain semi coke;
and step 3: quenching the semi coke obtained in the step 2 by using clear water;
and 4, step 4: sending the semi coke obtained in the step 3 into a dryer for drying until the water content is 15-20%, falling into an internal heating type vertical furnace bottom, and cooling to 50 ℃;
and 5: and (4) scraping the semi-coke obtained in the step (4) by a coke scraper, and screening and warehousing.
The preparation method of the semi-coke adopts an internal heating type vertical furnace, the internal heating type vertical furnace is a main device for low-temperature dry distillation of lump coal or molded coal, and the lumpiness requirement of raw material coal is 20-80 mm. It is not suitable for caking coal, and if the raw material coal is pulverized lignite and bituminous coal, it must be briquetted in advance. In the embodiment, the coal valve is opened every 30min, the raw material coal is automatically added into the internal heating type vertical furnace for 1 time, and the adding amount is based on the principle that the material is not lost at the top of the furnace. The raw material coal descends in the internally heated vertical furnace and contacts with the high-temperature mixed gas reversely fed for heating.
The high-temperature mixed gas is a mixed gas of air and coal gas, wherein the ratio of the mixed gas of air and coal gas is 1 (1.8-2.0). If the proportion is too high, the temperature of the internal heating type vertical furnace top is reduced, particularly, when the proportion of air and coal gas is lower than 1 (1.2-1.4), the internal heating type vertical furnace top is suddenly increased after being at too low temperature, the fire in the wall of the retort in the internal heating type vertical furnace can be caused, and the explosion can be generated when the fire is serious. Therefore, the ratio of air and coal gas should be strictly controlled at 1 (1.8-2.0). The firer needs to be adjusted by observing through the observation hole, and once the internal heat type vertical furnace is ignited in the dry distillation furnace, the temperature can be reduced by increasing the coal gas amount. The gas retort adopts an internal heating type, and the temperature in the gas retort can be controlled by adjusting the ratio of air to coal gas in mixed gas.
In this example, approximately 800-330% of the coal gas is conveyed into an internal heating type vertical furnace through a pipeline for combustion reaction, the charging amount of raw material coal in the internal heating type vertical furnace is about 180-200 tons, and about 2000m of air is introduced per hour3. In practical application, 190-250m is used for each 1 ton of raw coal3Air.
And the raw coal fully contacted with the mixed gas of the introduced air and the coal gas sequentially enters a preheating section, a dry distillation section and a cooling section of the carbonization chamber, and is subjected to preheating, dry distillation and cooling treatment to obtain the semi-coke. Specifically, the raw coal passes through the carbonization chamber while moving downwards from the upper part of the internal heating type vertical furnace, and the carbonization chamber is divided into an upper section, a middle section and a lower section. Firstly a preheating section, secondly a dry distillation section and finally a cooling section.
In this embodiment, the raw coal first passes through the preheating section of the carbonization chamber, and the raw coal is dried and preheated by the mixed gas of air and coal gas, the preheating treatment time is 12-16 hours, and the preheating temperature is 140-. In the middle section of the carbonization chamber, namely the dry distillation section, the raw material coal is dry distilled by the mixed gas of the circulated air and the coal gas, the dry distillation treatment time is 5-7 hours, and the dry distillation temperature is 500-850 ℃. Cooling treatment is carried out at a cooling section of the carbonization chamber, and cooling is carried out through heat exchange between a coke discharge port and water vapor generated in the internal heating type vertical furnace bottom coke scraping groove. The cooling time is 1-3 hours, the cooling temperature is 100-150 ℃, and finally the obtained semi-coke is discharged.
Coal dry distillation (pyrolysis) is a complex process of heating coal in the absence of air (or in a non-oxidizing atmosphere) to cause a series of physical changes and chemical reactions of the coal at different temperatures. And (3) performing dry distillation (pyrolysis) on the coal to finally obtain products such as solid (semi coke), liquid (coal tar), gas (coal gas) and the like. In this example, the temperature of the recycle gas stream in the upper part of the carbonization chamber was always kept around 280 ℃, the mixture of recycle gas and dry distillation gas was drawn off from the dry distillation section, wherein the liquid product was separated in the condensation system of the subsequent cooling section. Most of the purified gas is sent to a combustion furnace in a preheating section and a dry distillation section, wherein one part of the purified gas is directly sent to a cooling section, and the rest of the purified gas is sent out and can be used as heating fuel.
The semi coke formed after passing through the three sections of the carbonization chambers is cooled by a water-cooled jacketed coke discharging box at the bottom of an internally heated vertical furnace, falls into a coke quenching tank under the action of a coke pusher through a coke guide port, is quenched by clear water, and is dried by a coke pulling disc and a scraper which are soaked in a water seal under the action of a speed changer in a coal gas dryer until the water content is 15-20%. And finally, conveying the semi-coke to a screening machine for screening by a belt conveyor to obtain products of different grades, and stacking the products in a semi-coke yard in a classified manner.
Example 1
The application provides a preparation method of semi-coke, which comprises the following steps:
s11: selecting raw coal with the lumpiness of 20-80mm to prepare semi coke;
s12: adding raw coal into an internal heating type vertical furnace from top to bottom, introducing mixed gas of air and coal gas to fully contact the raw coal, sequentially entering a preheating section, a dry distillation section and a cooling section of a carbonization chamber, and performing preheating, dry distillation and cooling treatment to obtain semi coke;
s13: quenching the semi coke obtained in the S12 with clean water;
s14: sending the semi coke obtained in the S13 to a dryer for drying until the water content is 15-20%, and falling into an internal heating type vertical furnace bottom to be cooled to 50 ℃;
s15: and scraping the semi coke obtained in the step S14 by a coke scraper, and screening and warehousing the semi coke.
And in the step S12, opening a coal valve every 30min to automatically add raw coal into the internal heating type vertical furnace for 1 time.
The preheating treatment time is 12 hours, and the preheating temperature is 140 ℃.
The dry distillation treatment time is 5 hours, and the dry distillation temperature is 500 ℃.
The cooling treatment time was 1 hour, and the cooling temperature was 100 ℃.
The ratio of air and coal gas in the introduced mixed gas is 1 (1.8-2.0).
190-250m for each 1 ton of raw coal3Of the air of (2).
And in the cooling section, the coke is cooled through heat exchange between the coke discharge port and water vapor generated in the internal heating type vertical furnace bottom coke scraping groove. The embodiment provides a preparation method of semi-coke, which does not need to dry raw material coal and improves the utilization rate of air and coal gas.
Example 2
The application provides a preparation method of semi-coke, which comprises the following steps:
s21: selecting raw coal with the lumpiness of 20-80mm to prepare semi coke;
s22: adding raw coal into an internal heating vertical furnace from top to bottom, introducing mixed gas of air and coal gas to fully contact the raw coal, sequentially entering a preheating section, a dry distillation section and a cooling section of a carbonization chamber, and performing preheating, dry distillation and cooling treatment to obtain semi coke;
s23: quenching the semi coke obtained in the S22 with clean water;
s24: sending the semi coke obtained in the S23 to a dryer for drying until the water content is 15-20%, and falling into an internal heating type vertical furnace bottom to be cooled to 50 ℃;
s25: and scraping the semi coke obtained in the step S24 by a coke scraper, and screening and warehousing the semi coke.
And in the step S22, opening a coal valve every 30min, and automatically adding raw coal into the internally heated vertical furnace for 1 time.
The preheating treatment time is 14 hours, and the preheating temperature is 150 ℃.
The dry distillation treatment time is 6 hours, and the dry distillation temperature is 675 ℃.
The cooling treatment time was 2 hours and the cooling temperature was 125 ℃.
The ratio of air and coal gas in the introduced mixed gas is 1 (1.8-2.0).
190-250m for each 1 ton of raw coal3Air.
And in the cooling section, the coke is cooled by heat exchange between the coke discharge port and water vapor generated in the internal heating type vertical furnace bottom coke scraping groove. The embodiment provides a preparation method of semi-coke, which can obviously improve the production efficiency of semi-coke.
Example 3
The application provides a preparation method of semi-coke, which comprises the following steps:
s31: selecting raw coal with the lumpiness of 20-80mm to prepare semi coke;
s32: adding raw coal into an internal heating vertical furnace from top to bottom, introducing mixed gas of air and coal gas to fully contact the raw coal, sequentially entering a preheating section, a dry distillation section and a cooling section of a carbonization chamber, and performing preheating, dry distillation and cooling treatment to obtain semi coke;
s33: quenching the semi coke obtained in the S32 with clean water;
s34: sending the semi coke obtained in the S33 to a dryer for drying until the water content is 15-20%, and falling into an internal heating type vertical furnace bottom to be cooled to 50 ℃;
s35: and scraping the semi coke obtained in the step S34 by a coke scraper, and screening and warehousing the semi coke.
And in the step S32, opening a coal valve every 30min, and automatically adding raw coal into the internally heated vertical furnace for 1 time.
The preheating treatment time is 16 hours, and the preheating temperature is 160 ℃.
The dry distillation treatment time is 7 hours, and the dry distillation temperature is 850 ℃.
The cooling treatment time was 3 hours, and the cooling temperature was 150 ℃.
The ratio of air and coal gas in the introduced mixed gas is 1 (1.8-2.0).
190-250m for each 1 ton of raw coal3Air.
And in the cooling section, the coke is cooled through heat exchange between the coke discharge port and water vapor generated in the internal heating type vertical furnace bottom coke scraping groove. The embodiment provides a preparation method of semi-coke, which reduces the moisture in the finished semi-coke and can meet the production requirements of semi-coke of various models.
The application provides a preparation method of semi-coke, which comprises the following steps: selecting raw coal with the block size of 20-80mm to prepare semi coke, adding the raw coal into an internal heating type vertical furnace from top to bottom, and introducing mixed gas of air and coal gas to fully contact the raw coal, wherein the ratio of the introduced mixed gas of air and coal gas is 1 (1.8-2.0). The raw coal firstly enters a preheating section of a carbonization chamber for 12-16 hours, and the preheating temperature is 140-160 ℃. After preheating, the mixture enters a carbonization chamber for 5 to 7 hours at the carbonization temperature of 500-. After dry distillation, the semi-coke enters a cooling section of a carbonization chamber for 1 to 3 hours, and the cooling temperature is 100 ℃ and 150 ℃, so that semi-coke is obtained. Quenching the semi coke by using clear water, sending the semi coke into a dryer for drying until the water content is 15-20%, dropping the semi coke into an internal heating type vertical furnace bottom after drying, cooling to 50 ℃, scraping the cooled semi coke by a coke scraper, screening and warehousing. The semi-coke preparation method provided by the application can be suitable for semi-coke production of various types, raw coal does not need to be dried, the utilization rate of air and coal gas can be improved, the design capacity is 15 ten thousand tons/year, and the production efficiency of the semi-coke is obviously improved.
The embodiments provided in the present application are only a few examples of the general concept of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application. Any other embodiments extended according to the scheme of the present application without inventive efforts will be within the scope of protection of the present application for a person skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of semi-coke is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: selecting raw coal with the lumpiness of 20-80mm to prepare semi coke;
step 2: adding raw coal into an internal heating vertical furnace from top to bottom, introducing mixed gas of air and coal gas to fully contact the raw coal, sequentially entering a preheating section, a dry distillation section and a cooling section of a carbonization chamber, and performing preheating treatment, dry distillation treatment and cooling treatment to obtain semi coke;
and step 3: quenching the semi coke obtained in the step 2 by using clear water;
and 4, step 4: sending the semi coke obtained in the step 3 into a dryer for drying until the water content is 15-20%, and falling into an internal heating type vertical furnace bottom to be cooled to 50 ℃;
and 5: and (4) scraping the semi-coke obtained in the step (4) by a coke scraper, and screening and warehousing.
2. The method for preparing semi-coke according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, a coal valve is opened every 30min, and raw coal is automatically added into the internally heated vertical furnace for 1 time.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preheating time is 12-16 hours, and the preheating temperature is 140-160 ℃.
4. The method for preparing semi-coke according to claim 1, wherein the dry distillation treatment time is 5-7 hours, and the dry distillation temperature is 500-850 ℃.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cooling time is 1-3 hours, and the cooling temperature is 100-150 ℃.
6. The method for preparing semi-coke according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of air to coal gas in the introduced mixed gas is 1 (1.8-2.0).
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein 190-250m is used per 1 ton of raw coal3Of the air of (2).
8. The method for preparing semi-coke according to claim 1, wherein the cooling section is cooled by heat exchange between a coke discharge port and steam generated in an internal heating type vertical hearth coke scraping groove.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115197726A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-10-18 | 上海宝越耐火材料有限公司 | Preparation method of semi coke for iron making |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115197726A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-10-18 | 上海宝越耐火材料有限公司 | Preparation method of semi coke for iron making |
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Application publication date: 20210305 |