CN112442082A - Reactive flame retardant and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Reactive flame retardant and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN112442082A
CN112442082A CN201910803201.8A CN201910803201A CN112442082A CN 112442082 A CN112442082 A CN 112442082A CN 201910803201 A CN201910803201 A CN 201910803201A CN 112442082 A CN112442082 A CN 112442082A
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substituted
flame retardant
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潘庆崇
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Guangdong Guangshan New Materials Co ltd
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Abstract

The reactive flame retardant provided by the invention has excellent flame retardant performance and excellent compatibility with a flame retardant main body, and is excellent in operability, water resistance and electrical property, and the preparation method saves resources and is environment-friendly.

Description

Reactive flame retardant and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of high polymer materials, and relates to a reactive flame retardant, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Electronic products represented by mobile phones, computers, video cameras, and electronic game machines, home and office electric products represented by air conditioners, refrigerators, television images, audio products, and various products used in other fields are required to have flame retardancy and heat resistance for safety in most of the products.
In the traditional technology, inorganic flame-retardant substances such as aluminum hydroxide hydrate, magnesium hydroxide hydrate and other metal hydroxides containing crystal water are generally added into a material system, and organic flame-retardant substances with higher halogen content such as brominated bisphenol A, brominated bisphenol A epoxy resin and the like are added into the material system, so that the product reaches the required flame-retardant performance or grade. To improve the flame retardancy of these organic halogen-containing chemicals, inorganic flame retardant substances such as antimony trioxide, which are not environmentally friendly, are often added to the system.
The halogen-containing flame retardant substances can generate non-degradable or difficultly degradable toxic substances (such as dioxin organic halogen chemical substances) during combustion, pollute the environment and influence the health of human beings and animals.
The halogen-free flame retardant in the prior art has the defects of poor identity with a flame retardant main body, poor water resistance, poor operability, non-uniform flame retardant effect and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a reactive flame retardant, a preparation method and an application thereof.
In order to achieve the technical effect, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention aims to provide a reactive flame retardant, which is prepared by reacting a compound shown in a formula I with R' -Y;
Figure BDA0002182896570000021
wherein X is a group VI element or is absent, R comprises hydrogen and isotopes thereof, and any one of substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, and R is1And R2Each independently comprises hydrogen and isotopes thereof, and any one of hydroxyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, R' is any group which contains at least one hydroxyl and satisfies the chemical environment, Y is any one of amino, hydroxyl or ester, a and b are integers which are respectively and independently more than or equal to 0, c is an integer which is more than or equal to 1, and a + b + c is more than or equal to 3.
Wherein a may be 0, 1, 2 or 3, b may be 0, 1, 2 or 3, and c may be 1, 2 or 3.
In the present invention, when Y is an amino group, the amino group may be a primary amino group and/or a secondary amino group.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, R comprises any one of H, C1-C6 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, C3-C6 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, C6-C8 substituted or unsubstituted aryl or C4-C6 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl.
Wherein, the C1-C6 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group comprises a C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 or C6 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group;
C3-C6 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl includes C3, C4, C5 or C6 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl;
the C6-C8 substituted or unsubstituted aryl group includes C6, C7 or C8 substituted or unsubstituted aryl group;
C4-C6 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl C4, C5, or C6.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, R1 and R2 respectively and independently comprise any one of H, C1-C12 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl or C4-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl.
Wherein, the C1-C12 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group comprises a C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11 or C12 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group;
C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl includes C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11, or C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl;
the C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl group includes C6, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11 or C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl group;
the C4-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group includes a C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11 or C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, X is O or S.
R' is preferably any one of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group containing at least one hydroxyl group; more preferably, it is any of a C1-C12 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group, a C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a C4-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group.
Wherein, the C1-C12 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group comprises a C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11 or C12 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group;
C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl includes C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11, or C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl;
the C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl group includes C6, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11 or C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl group;
the C4-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group includes a C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11 or C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group.
In the present invention, when Y is an ester group, Y may be the same as
Figure BDA0002182896570000041
R' is any group that satisfies its chemical environment, preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groupAny one of substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; more preferably, it is any of a C1-C12 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group, a C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a C4-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group.
Wherein, the C1-C12 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group comprises a C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11 or C12 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group;
C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl includes C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11, or C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl;
the C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl group includes C6, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11 or C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl group;
the C4-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group includes a C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11 or C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group.
In the present invention, the reaction occurring when Y is an amino group is preferably an aminolysis reaction in which a compound containing an amino group and a compound represented by formula I are removed R-OH or a water molecule to form a P-N bond. Preferably, the alcoholysis reaction is carried out when Y is hydroxyl, and the alcoholysis reaction is a reaction of removing R-OH or water molecules from a compound containing hydroxyl and a compound shown as a formula I to form a new P-O bond. Preferably, the reaction occurring when Y is an ester group is an ester exchange reaction, wherein the ester exchange reaction is a reaction of a compound containing an ester group and a compound shown as a formula I, and R' -COO-R or water molecules are removed to form a new P-O bond.
The term "substituted" as used herein means that any one or more hydrogen atoms on the designated atom is replaced with a substituent selected from the designated group, provided that the designated atom does not exceed a normal valence and that the result of the substitution is a stable compound. When the substituent is an oxo group or a keto group (i.e., ═ O), then 2 hydrogen atoms on the atom are substituted. The ketone substituent is absent on the aromatic ring.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above reactive flame retardant, the method comprising: the compound shown in the formula I is prepared by reacting with R 'and Y, wherein R' is any group which contains at least one hydroxyl and meets the chemical environment of the compound, and Y is any one of amino, hydroxyl or ester.
The invention also aims to provide application of the flame retardant, and the reactive flame retardant is used for preparing molding materials and composite materials.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the reactive flame retardant is used for preparing epoxy resin compositions, polyurethane and silicon resin.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the polyurethane comprises polyurethane foam and polyurethane leather.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the reactive flame retardant is used for preparing high polymer materials.
Preferably, the polymer material comprises polyester, alkyd resin and polyamide.
In the invention, the provided reactive flame retardant is applied to a high polymer material, and can be added as a monomer as a fragment of the high polymer material when the high polymer material is prepared; or the reactive flame retardant is prepared into a high molecular compound firstly, and then is added into a high molecular material, for example, the reactive flame retardant containing two or more hydroxyl groups provided by the invention reacts with a compound containing at least two carboxyl groups to prepare a polyester compound, and then the polyester compound is added into the high molecular material as a flame retardant additive.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the reactive flame retardant is used for an epoxy flame retardant curing agent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) the reactive flame retardant provided by the invention has excellent flame retardant property and excellent compatibility with a flame retardant main body, and is excellent in operability, water resistance and electrical property, and the preparation method saves resources and is green and environment-friendly;
(2) the reactive flame retardant provided by the invention can be used in the fields of engineering plastics, epoxy resin curing agents, phenolic resins, polyurethane and the like, and can greatly improve the flame retardant property of the material;
(3) the epoxy resin cured by the reactive flame retardant provided by the invention has excellent performances in all aspects, such as flame retardance, mechanical strength and water resistance;
(4) after the reactive flame retardant provided by the invention is added into the silicone resin, the flame retardant property of the silicone resin reaches V-0, and the mechanical property and the water resistance are improved;
(5) compared with the polyurethane foam plastic prepared by the traditional flame retardant additive, the polyurethane foam plastic prepared by using the reactive flame retardant prepared by the invention as the additive has the flame retardant property reaching V-0 level and has more excellent mechanical property;
(6) the phenolic resin prepared by using the reactive flame retardant provided by the invention as an additive has the flame retardant property of V-0 and excellent tensile strength and water resistance.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the present invention, the present invention will now be described by way of examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitations of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a reactive flame retardant, which has a structure shown in formula II:
Figure BDA0002182896570000061
the synthesis method of the compound shown in the formula II comprises the following steps: dissolving 1mol of dimethyl acetonylphosphonate in 150mL of tetrahydrofuran, adding 0.02mol of DMAP, adding 2.2mol of ethanolamine, heating to reflux while stirring, reacting for 8 hours, and purifying by a physical method after the reaction is finished to obtain the compound shown in the formula II.
1H NMR(CDCl3,500MHz):δ3.81～3.73(s，2H，CH2)，3.69～3.63(t，2H，OH)，3.61～3.52(m，4H，CH2)，3.40～3.32(t，2H，NH)，2.87～2.80(m，4H，CH2)，2.16～2.11(s，3H，CH3)。
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a reactive flame retardant, which has a structure shown in formula III:
Figure BDA0002182896570000071
the synthesis method of the compound shown in the formula III comprises the following steps: dissolving 1mol of dimethyl phenylphosphonate in 100mL of toluene, adding 0.02mol of sodium hydroxide, adding 2.2mol of hexanediol, heating under stirring until reflux reaction is carried out for 12h, and purifying by adopting a physical method after reaction to obtain the compound shown in the formula III.
1H NMR(CDCl3,500MHz):δ7.82～7.74(m，2H，Ar-H)，7.48～7.41(m，3H，Ar-H)，4.15～4.09(t，4H，CH2)，3.69～3.63(t，2H，OH)，3.51～3.44(m，4H，CH2)，1.55～1.49(m，8H，CH2)，1.46～1.39(m，4H，CH2)，1.32～1.26(m，4H，CH2)。
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a reactive flame retardant, which has a structure as shown in formula IV:
Figure BDA0002182896570000072
the synthesis method of the compound shown in the formula IV comprises the following steps: dissolving 1mol of dimethyl phenylphosphonate in 100mL of toluene, adding 0.02mol of DMAP, adding 2.2mol of 4-aminocyclohexanol, heating under stirring until reflux reaction is carried out for 8h, and purifying by adopting a physical method after the reaction to obtain the compound shown in the formula III.
1H NMR(CDCl3,500MHz):δ7.82～7.74(m，2H，Ar-H)，7.48～7.41(m，3H，Ar-H)，3.61～3.55(d，2H，OH)，3.40～3.32(t，2H，NH)，3.20～3.13(m，2H，CH)，2.58～2.51(m，2H，CH)，1.77～1.68(m，8H，CH2)，1.49～1.39(m，8H，CH2)。
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a reactive flame retardant, which has a structure shown in formula V:
Figure BDA0002182896570000081
the synthesis method of the compound shown in the formula V comprises the following steps: dissolving 1mol of dimethyl ethylphosphonate in 150mL of tetrahydrofuran, adding 0.02mol of DMAP, adding 2.2mol of 4-hydroxypiperidine, heating under stirring until reflux reaction is carried out for 24h, purifying by adopting a physical method after the reflux reaction, and drying to obtain the compound shown in the formula V.
1H NMR(CDCl3,500MHz):δ3.61～3.55(d，2H，OH)，3.26～3.20(m，2H，CH)，3.03～2.96(t，4H，CH2)，2.93～2.85(t，4H，CH2)，1.81～1.74(m，4H，CH2)，1.72～1.66(m，2H，CH2)，1.53～1.46(m，4H，CH2)，1.12～1.05(t，3H，CH3)。
Example 5
The present embodiment provides a reactive flame retardant, which has a structure as shown in formula VI:
Figure BDA0002182896570000091
the synthesis method of the compound shown in the formula VI comprises the following steps: dissolving 1mol of dimethyl ethylphosphonate in 150mL of tetrahydrofuran, adding 0.02mol of DMAP, adding 2.2mol of glycol amine, heating under stirring until reflux reaction is carried out for 24h, purifying by adopting a physical method after the reaction, and drying to obtain the compound shown in the formula VI.
1H NMR(CDCl3,500MHz):δ3.67～3.61(t，4H，OH)，3.51～3.45(m，8H，CH2)，2.76～2.69(m，8H，CH2)，1.83～1.77(m，2H，CH2)，1.12～1.05(t，3H，CH3)。
Application of the silicone resin:
example 6
In this example, 120 parts by weight of trimethylethoxysiloxane, 180 parts by weight of tetraethoxysiloxane, 50 parts by weight of sodium nonahydrate, and 75 parts by weight of the reactive flame retardant prepared in example 1 were mixed and cured at 20 ℃ for 8 hours to prepare a silicone resin a.
Example 7
In this example, 120 parts by weight of trimethylethoxysiloxane, 180 parts by weight of tetraethoxysiloxane, 50 parts by weight of sodium nonahydrate, and 50 parts by weight of the reactive flame retardant prepared in example 2 were mixed and cured at 20 ℃ for 8 hours to prepare a silicone resin b.
Example 8
In this example, 120 parts by weight of trimethylethoxysiloxane, 180 parts by weight of tetraethoxysiloxane, 50 parts by weight of sodium nonahydrate, and 50 parts by weight of the reactive flame retardant prepared in example 3 were mixed and cured at 20 ℃ for 8 hours to prepare a silicone resin c.
Example 9
In this example, 120 parts by weight of trimethylethoxysiloxane, 180 parts by weight of tetraethoxysiloxane, 50 parts by weight of sodium nonahydrate, and 50 parts by weight of the reactive flame retardant prepared in example 4 were mixed and cured at 20 ℃ for 8 hours to prepare a silicone resin d.
Example 10
In this example, 120 parts by weight of trimethylethoxysiloxane, 180 parts by weight of tetraethoxysiloxane, 50 parts by weight of sodium nonahydrate, and 50 parts by weight of the reactive flame retardant prepared in example 5 were mixed and cured at 20 ℃ for 8 hours to prepare a silicone resin e.
Comparative example 1
In this example, 120 parts by weight of trimethylethoxysiloxane, 180 parts by weight of tetraethoxysiloxane and 50 parts by weight of sodium silicate nonahydrate were mixed and cured at 20 ℃ for 5 hours to prepare a silicone resin f.
Comparative example 2
In this example, 120 parts by weight of trimethylethoxysiloxane, 180 parts by weight of tetraethoxysiloxane, 50 parts by weight of sodium nonahydrate, and 75 parts by weight of APP were mixed and cured at 20 ℃ for 5 hours to prepare a silicone resin g.
The silicone resins obtained in examples 6 to 10 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were tested for their properties, tensile strength and elongation being measured by GB/T1701-2001, shear strength being measured by GB/T1700-2001, flame retardancy being measured by UL-94, and water resistance being measured by immersion in boiling water for 2 hours. The test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002182896570000111
From the test results in Table 1, it can be seen that comparative example 1 is not added with any flame retardant, the flame retardant property is only V-2, the reactive flame retardants prepared in examples 1-5 are respectively added in examples 6-10, the flame retardant property of the prepared silicone resin reaches V-0, and the mechanical property and the water resistance of the silicone resin are improved compared with those of silicone resin c. Compared with the silicone resin c, the flame retardant APP is added in the comparative example 2, the flame retardant performance is improved to V-1, the mechanical performance is also improved, but the overall performance is still lower than that of the silicone resins provided in examples 6-10.
Use in polyurethane foams:
example 11
In this example, 45 parts by weight of the reactive flame retardant prepared in example 1 was mixed with 70 parts by weight of polyether polyol having a hydroxyl value of 350mgKOH/g, 50 parts by weight of polyester polyol having a hydroxyl value of 250mgKOH/g, 2.5 parts by weight of a polyurethane foam stabilizer, 2 parts by weight of dimethylcyclohexylamine, 302 parts by weight of DMP-302, 2.5 parts by weight of water, 20 parts by weight of cyclopentane and 180 parts by weight of MDI (isocyanate index of 1.3) to foam and prepare a polyurethane foam a.
Example 12
In this example, 45 parts by weight of the reactive flame retardant prepared in example 2 was mixed with 70 parts by weight of polyether polyol having a hydroxyl value of 350mgKOH/g, 50 parts by weight of polyester polyol having a hydroxyl value of 250mgKOH/g, 2.5 parts by weight of a polyurethane foam stabilizer, 2 parts by weight of dimethylcyclohexylamine, 302 parts by weight of DMP-302, 2.5 parts by weight of water, 20 parts by weight of cyclopentane and 180 parts by weight of MDI (isocyanate index of 1.3) to foam and prepare a polyurethane foam b.
Example 13
In this example, 45 parts by weight of the reactive flame retardant prepared in example 3 was mixed with 70 parts by weight of polyether polyol having a hydroxyl value of 350mgKOH/g, 50 parts by weight of polyester polyol having a hydroxyl value of 250mgKOH/g, 2.5 parts by weight of a polyurethane foam stabilizer, 2 parts by weight of dimethylcyclohexylamine, 302 parts by weight of DMP-302, 2.5 parts by weight of water, 20 parts by weight of cyclopentane and 180 parts by weight of MDI (isocyanate index of 1.3) to foam and prepare a polyurethane foam c.
Example 14
In this example, 45 parts by weight of the reactive flame retardant prepared in example 4 was mixed with 70 parts by weight of polyether polyol having a hydroxyl value of 350mgKOH/g, 50 parts by weight of polyester polyol having a hydroxyl value of 250mgKOH/g, 2.5 parts by weight of a polyurethane foam stabilizer, 2 parts by weight of dimethylcyclohexylamine, 302 parts by weight of DMP-302, 2.5 parts by weight of water, 20 parts by weight of cyclopentane and 180 parts by weight of MDI (isocyanate index of 1.3) to foam and prepare a polyurethane foam d.
Example 15
In this example, 45 parts by weight of the reactive flame retardant prepared in example 5 was mixed with 70 parts by weight of polyether polyol having a hydroxyl value of 350mgKOH/g, 50 parts by weight of polyester polyol having a hydroxyl value of 250mgKOH/g, 2.5 parts by weight of a polyurethane foam stabilizer, 2 parts by weight of dimethylcyclohexylamine, 302 parts by weight of DMP-302, 2.5 parts by weight of water, 20 parts by weight of cyclopentane and 180 parts by weight of MDI (isocyanate index of 1.3) to prepare polyurethane foam e.
Comparative example 3
In this comparative example, 45 parts by weight of triphenyl phosphate was mixed with 70 parts by weight of polyether polyol having a hydroxyl value of 350mgKOH/g, 50 parts by weight of polyester polyol having a hydroxyl value of 250mgKOH/g, 2.5 parts by weight of polyurethane foam stabilizer, 2 parts by weight of dimethylcyclohexylamine, 302 parts by weight of DMP-302, 2.5 parts by weight of water, 20 parts by weight of cyclopentane and 180 parts by weight of MDI (isocyanate index 1.3) to foam and prepare polyurethane foam f.
Comparative example 4
In this comparative example, 45 parts by weight of red phosphorus capsule was mixed with 70 parts by weight of polyether polyol having a hydroxyl value of 350mgKOH/g, 50 parts by weight of polyester polyol having a hydroxyl value of 250mgKOH/g, 2.5 parts by weight of polyurethane foam stabilizer, 2 parts by weight of dimethylcyclohexylamine, 302 parts by weight of DMP-302, 2.5 parts by weight of water, 20 parts by weight of cyclopentane and 180 parts by weight of MDI (isocyanate index 1.3) to prepare g polyurethane foam.
The cured epoxy resins obtained in examples 11-15 and comparative examples 3 and 4 were tested for their properties, using GB/T20467-. The test results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002182896570000131
Figure BDA0002182896570000141
As can be seen from the test results in Table 2, the flame retardant properties of the polyurethane foams obtained by using the reactive flame retardants prepared in examples 11 to 15 of the present invention as additives were V-0 grade and the mechanical properties were more excellent than those of the polyurethane foams obtained by using triphenyl phosphate or red phosphorus as flame retardant additives.
The application of the thermosetting phenolic resin comprises the following steps:
example 16
In this example, 260 parts by weight of the reactive flame retardant prepared in example 1, 500 parts by weight of phenol, 539 parts by weight of formaldehyde, and 10 parts by weight of triethanolamine catalyst were reacted at 50 ℃ for 2 hours, and after the reaction was completed, the temperature was reduced to 30 ℃ and 1 part by weight of silane coupling agent was added to obtain thermosetting phenol resin a.
Example 17
In this example, 320 parts by weight of the reactive flame retardant prepared in example 2, 500 parts by weight of phenol, 539 parts by weight of formaldehyde, and 10 parts by weight of triethanolamine catalyst were reacted at 50 ℃ for 2 hours, and after the reaction was completed, the temperature was reduced to 30 ℃ and 1 part by weight of silane coupling agent was added to obtain thermosetting phenol resin b.
Example 18
In this example, 320 parts by weight of the reactive flame retardant prepared in example 3, 500 parts by weight of phenol, 539 parts by weight of formaldehyde, and 10 parts by weight of triethanolamine catalyst were reacted at 50 ℃ for 2 hours, and after the reaction was completed, the temperature was reduced to 30 ℃ and 1 part by weight of silane coupling agent was added to obtain thermosetting phenol resin c.
Example 19
In this example, 320 parts by weight of the reactive flame retardant prepared in example 4, 500 parts by weight of phenol, 539 parts by weight of formaldehyde, and 10 parts by weight of triethanolamine catalyst were reacted at 50 ℃ for 2 hours, and after the reaction was completed, the temperature was reduced to 30 ℃ and 1 part by weight of silane coupling agent was added to obtain thermosetting phenol resin d.
Example 20
In this example, 320 parts by weight of the reactive flame retardant prepared in example 5, 500 parts by weight of phenol, 539 parts by weight of formaldehyde, and 10 parts by weight of triethanolamine catalyst were reacted at 50 ℃ for 2 hours, and after the reaction was completed, the temperature was reduced to 30 ℃ and 1 part by weight of silane coupling agent was added to obtain thermosetting phenol resin e.
Comparative example 5
In the embodiment, APP 260 weight parts, phenol 500 weight parts, formaldehyde 539 weight parts, and triethanolamine catalyst 10 weight parts are reacted at 50 ℃ for 2 hours, and after the reaction is finished, the temperature is reduced to 30 ℃, and silane coupling agent 1 weight part is added to obtain thermosetting phenolic resin f.
Comparative example 6
In this example, MCA 260 parts by weight, phenol 500 parts by weight, formaldehyde 539 parts by weight, and triethanolamine catalyst 10 parts by weight were reacted at 50 ℃ for 2 hours, and after the reaction was completed, the temperature was reduced to 30 ℃ and silane coupling agent 1 part by weight was added to obtain thermosetting phenol resin g.
The properties of the thermosetting epoxy resins prepared in examples 16 to 20 and comparative examples 5 and 6 were measured, and the results are shown in Table 3. The test method of the tensile strength is GB/T1040.1-2006, the test method of the impact strength adopts GB/T1843-2008, the test method of the flame retardance is UL-94, and the test of the water resistance is the result obtained by soaking the thermosetting phenolic resin prepared in the embodiment and the comparative example in boiling water for 2 hours after the tensile strength is tested and then carrying out the tensile strength test again.
TABLE 3
Figure BDA0002182896570000161
As can be seen from the test data in Table 3, the phenolic resins prepared by using the reactive flame retardants obtained in examples 16-20 as additives have flame retardant properties of V-0 and excellent tensile strength and water resistance, while comparative example 5 using APP as a flame retardant additive has flame retardant properties of V-0 but poor mechanical properties and water resistance, while comparative example 6 using MCA as a flame retardant additive has flame retardant properties of V-0.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the above examples to show the detailed process equipment and process flow of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed process equipment and process flow, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed process equipment and process flow to be implemented. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The reactive flame retardant is characterized in that the flame retardant is prepared by reacting a compound shown in a formula I with R' -Y;
Figure FDA0002182896560000011
wherein X is a group VI element or is absent, R comprises hydrogen and isotopes thereof, and any one of substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, and R is1And R2Each independently comprises hydrogen and isotopes thereof, and any one of hydroxyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, R' is any group which contains at least one hydroxyl and satisfies the chemical environment, Y is any one of amino, hydroxyl or ester, a and b are integers which are respectively and independently more than or equal to 0, c is an integer which is more than or equal to 1, and a + b + c is more than or equal to 3.
2. The flame retardant of claim 1, wherein R comprises any one of H, C1-C6 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, C3-C6 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, C6-C8 substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or C4-C6 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl.
3. The flame retardant of claim 1 or 2, wherein R is1And R2Each independently comprises any one of H, C1-C12 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, C3-C12 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, C6-C12 substituted or unsubstituted aryl or C4-C12 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl.
4. The flame retardant of any one of claims 1-3, wherein X is O or S.
5. A method for preparing the flame retardant of any one of claims 1-4, comprising: the compound shown in the formula I is prepared by reacting with R '-Y, wherein R' is any group which contains at least one hydroxyl and meets the chemical environment of the compound, and Y is any one of amino, hydroxyl or ester.
6. Use of a reactive flame retardant according to any of claims 1 to 4 for the preparation of shaped materials and composite materials.
7. Use of a reactive flame retardant according to any of claims 1 to 4 for the preparation of epoxy resin compositions, polyurethanes and silicones.
8. Use according to claim 7, wherein the polyurethane comprises polyurethane foam and polyurethane leather.
9. Use of a reactive flame retardant according to any of claims 1 to 5 for the preparation of a polymeric material;
preferably, the polymer material comprises polyester, alkyd resin and polyamide.
10. Use of a reactive flame retardant according to any of claims 1 to 4 for an epoxy flame retardant curing agent.
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