CN112436777A

CN112436777A - Motor winding switching device and electric scooter

Info

Publication number: CN112436777A
Application number: CN202011150340.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Beijing 66 Interactive Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing 66 Interactive Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-23
Filing date: 2020-10-23
Publication date: 2021-03-02

Abstract

The invention provides a motor winding switching device and an electric scooter, wherein the motor winding switching device comprises a shell, the shell comprises a first mounting frame, a second mounting frame and a third mounting frame which are sequentially arranged, the first mounting frame, the second mounting frame and the third mounting frame are integrally formed or detachably connected, the motor winding is a three-phase winding, each phase winding in the three-phase winding is provided with two wiring ends, the first mounting frame, the second mounting frame and the third mounting frame are respectively provided with a connecting end, the connecting end on each mounting frame is respectively connected with one wiring end of the different phase winding, and the connecting ends on each mounting frame can be mutually connected and/or disconnected after being driven, so that the three-phase winding can be switched between star connection and delta connection. The motor winding switching device has the advantages of convenience in control, simple structure and small occupied space.

Description

Motor winding switching device and electric scooter

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a motor winding switching device and an electric scooter with the same.

Background

Three-phase motor windings usually comprise a star connection mode and a delta connection mode, and the star connection mode and the delta connection mode have respective characteristics, so that switching between the star connection mode and the delta connection mode by using a switching device is proposed in the related art to overcome the defect of avoiding a single winding wiring mode. The star connection and angle connection switching device in the related technology is generally formed by electric connections of a contactor, a time relay, a fuse, a button, a signal lamp, a current meter, a mutual inductor and the like, and is complex in structure and large in occupied space. In addition, the switching device in the related art also has the defects of low switching speed, long power interruption time and high processing requirement of the connection end process.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.

Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a motor winding switching device which has the advantages of convenience in control, simple structure and small occupied space.

The embodiment of the invention also provides an electric scooter.

According to the motor winding switching device of the embodiment of the invention, the motor winding is a three-phase winding, each phase winding in the three-phase winding has two terminals, and the motor winding switching device comprises: the shell comprises a first mounting frame, a second mounting frame and a third mounting frame which are sequentially arranged, wherein the first mounting frame, the second mounting frame and the third mounting frame are integrally formed, or the first mounting frame, the second mounting frame and the third mounting frame are detachably connected; the first mounting frame, the second mounting frame and the third mounting frame are respectively provided with connecting ends, the connecting end on each mounting frame is respectively connected with one of the terminals of different phase windings, and the connecting ends on each mounting frame can be mutually connected and/or disconnected after being driven, so that the three-phase windings can be switched between star connection and delta connection.

The motor winding switching device provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize the switching of the motor winding between the triangular connection and the star connection, has a simple structure, and is convenient to switch between the triangular connection and the star connection.

In some embodiments, the connection end comprises: a first stationary contact and a second stationary contact; the first and second stationary contacts are provided on each of the first to third mounting brackets, respectively, and the first and second stationary contacts on each of the first to third mounting brackets are connected to one of the terminals of the different phase windings, respectively; the first and second stationary contacts on each of the first through third mounts being drivable to connect and disconnect with each other to cause the three-phase winding to make or break a delta connection; the first stationary contacts on the first to third mounting brackets are capable of being connected and disconnected to each other after being driven, or the second stationary contacts on the first to third mounting brackets are capable of being connected and disconnected to each other after being driven, so that the three-phase windings form or break a star connection.

In some embodiments, the motor winding switching apparatus further comprises a first moving contact provided on each of the first to third mounts, a second moving contact, and a drive mechanism, the first moving contact on the first mount being movable relative to the first mount to simultaneously contact and disengage with the first and second stationary contacts on the first mount, the first moving contact on the second mount being movable relative to the second mount to simultaneously contact and disengage with the first and second stationary contacts on the second mount, the first moving contact on the third mount being movable relative to the third mount to simultaneously contact and disengage with the first and second stationary contacts on the third mount; the second movable contact piece is arranged on at least one mounting frame in the first mounting frame to the third mounting frame, and the second movable contact piece is movable relative to the at least one mounting frame so as to connect and disconnect the first fixed contact pieces on the first mounting frame to and from each other or connect and disconnect the second fixed contact pieces on the first mounting frame to and from each other; the driving mechanism is connected with the second movable contact piece to drive the second movable contact piece to move, and the driving mechanism is connected with the first movable contact pieces on the first mounting rack to the third mounting rack to drive the first movable contact pieces on the first mounting rack to the third mounting rack to move simultaneously.

In some embodiments, the number of the second movable contact pieces is one, and one of the second movable contact pieces penetrates through the first to third mounts to be simultaneously in contact with and separated from the first stationary contact pieces on the first to third mounts, or to be simultaneously in contact with and separated from the second stationary contact pieces on the first to third mounts.

In some embodiments, the motor winding switching device further comprises a third stationary contact extending through the first through third mounts, the second moves the contact and establishes on each mounting bracket in first to third mounting bracket, actuating mechanism with the second on the first to third mounting bracket moves the contact and links to each other in order to drive the second on the first mounting bracket move the contact with the third stationary contact with first stationary contact on the first mounting bracket simultaneously contacts and breaks away from, drive the second on the second mounting bracket move the contact with the third stationary contact with first stationary contact on the second mounting bracket simultaneously contacts and breaks away from and drive the second on the third mounting bracket move the contact with the third stationary contact with first stationary contact on the third mounting bracket simultaneously contacts and breaks away from.

In some embodiments, the motor winding switching device further includes a control board disposed in the housing, the control board being electrically connected to the first stationary contact of the first mounting bracket through a first conductive member, the control board being electrically connected to the second stationary contact of the first mounting bracket through a second conductive member, and the control board being electrically connected to the third stationary contact through a third conductive member.

In some embodiments, the driving mechanism includes a cam shaft for driving the second movable contact piece and the first movable contact pieces on the first to third mounting frames, and a driving motor for driving the cam shaft to rotate.

In some embodiments, the drive mechanism further comprises a first gear mounted on a motor shaft of the drive motor and a second gear mounted on the cam shaft and engaged with the first gear.

In some embodiments, the driving mechanism further comprises a first push rod and a second push rod, a first end of the first push rod abuts against the first movable contact, a second end of the first push rod abuts against the outer contour surface of the camshaft, a first end of the second push rod abuts against the second movable contact, and a second end of the second push rod abuts against the outer contour surface of the camshaft.

In some embodiments, the motor winding switching device further comprises a first spring for urging the first moving contact toward the first stationary contact and a second spring for urging the second moving contact toward the second stationary contact.

An electric vehicle according to an embodiment of a second aspect of the present invention comprises an electric motor having three-phase windings and a motor winding switching device as described in any of the above embodiments, the motor winding switching device being connected to the three-phase windings for switching the three-phase windings between a star connection and a delta connection.

The electric scooter provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the motor winding switching device, the winding of the motor is switched to star connection when the electric scooter is started, so that the impact on a power supply is reduced, and the winding of the motor is switched to delta connection after the electric scooter is started, so that the torsion is improved, and the higher running speed is realized. Meanwhile, the motor winding switching device adopting any one of the embodiments further has the advantages of convenience in control, simple structure and small occupied space.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a motor winding switching apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a motor winding switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is another longitudinal sectional view of a motor winding switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a motor winding switching device in a star connection state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a motor winding switching device in an angular contact state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a motor winding switching apparatus in an intermediate state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a third stationary contact in a motor winding switching arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a camshaft in a motor winding switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a connection of a motor winding switching device with a three-phase winding according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The device comprises a shell 1, a first mounting frame 101, a second mounting frame 102, a third mounting frame 103, a top cover 104, an interlayer 105, a control board 106, a first bolt 107, a nut 108, a first stationary contact element 2, a second stationary contact element 3, a third stationary contact element 4, a first movable contact element 5, a second movable contact element 6, a driving mechanism 7, a driving motor 701, a cam shaft 702, a central shaft 7021, a cam sleeve 7022, a first gear 703, a second gear 704, a first push rod 705, a second push rod 706, a first spring 8, a second spring 9, a first conductive piece 10, a second conductive piece 11 and a third conductive piece 12.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

A motor winding switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 8.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, according to the motor winding switching device of the embodiment of the present invention, the motor winding is a three-phase winding, and each phase winding of the three-phase winding has two terminals. I.e. the motor winding has a total of six terminals. The three-phase windings may be defined as a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding, and a W-phase winding, respectively. The U-phase winding has two terminals U1 and U2, respectively, the V-phase winding has two terminals V1 and V2, respectively, and the W-phase winding has two terminals W1 and W2, respectively.

The motor winding switching device comprises a shell 1, wherein the shell 1 comprises a first mounting frame 101, a second mounting frame 102 and a third mounting frame 103 which are sequentially arranged. The first to third mounting brackets 103 are integrally formed, or the first to third mounting brackets 103 are detachably coupled. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the first mounting frame 101, the second mounting frame 102, and the third mounting frame 103 are arranged in order from top to bottom in the height direction.

The first to third mounting blocks 103 have respective connection terminals thereon, wherein the connection terminal on each mounting block is connected to one of the terminals of the different phase windings. I.e. two terminals in the same phase winding are not connected to a connection terminal on the same mounting frame. For example, as shown in fig. 9, the connection manner of the three-phase winding and the motor winding switching device may be: the connection ends on the first mounting bracket 101 are connected to U1 and V2. The connection ends on the second mount 102 are connected to V1 and W2. The connection ends on the third mounting bracket 103 are connected to W1 and U2.

The connections on each mounting are capable of being connected and/or disconnected from each other after actuation to switch the three-phase winding between star connection and delta connection. Namely, U1 and V2 in the three-phase winding can be connected, V1 is connected with W2, and W1 is connected with U2, namely the three-phase winding is connected end to end, so that the triangular connection of the motor winding is realized. Or the three-phase windings of U1, V1 and W1 can be connected with each other, and U2, V2 and W2 are disconnected with each other, so that star connection of the motor windings is realized. Still alternatively, U1, V1 and W1 in the three-phase winding can be disconnected from each other and U2, V2 and W2 can be connected to each other to achieve a star connection of the motor windings.

In addition, the motor winding switching device according to the embodiment of the present invention may be integrally formed by providing the first to third mounting brackets 103 to ensure the strength and the sealing property of the housing 1. Alternatively, the first to third mounting brackets 103 may be detachably connected to facilitate the fitting of the connecting ends in the respective mounting brackets.

The connection end includes a first stationary contact 2 and a second stationary contact 3. The housing 1 includes a first mounting frame 101, a second mounting frame 102, and a third mounting frame 103, and the first stationary contact 2 is provided on each of the first to third mounting frames 103, and the second stationary contact 3 is provided on each of the first to third mounting frames 103. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, each of the first to third mounting brackets 103 has one first stationary contact 2 and one second stationary contact 3 fixed thereto, wherein three first stationary contacts 2 are fixed to the right side of the corresponding mounting bracket, respectively, and three second stationary contacts 3 are fixed to the left side of the corresponding mounting bracket, respectively.

The first stationary contact 2 and the second stationary contact 3 on each of the first to third mounting frames are connected to one of the terminals of the different phase windings, respectively. I.e. two terminals in the same phase winding are not connected to the first and second

stationary contact

2, 3, respectively, on the same mounting frame. For example, as shown in fig. 9, the connection manner of the three-phase winding and the motor winding switching device may be: the first stationary contact 2 on the first mounting frame 101 is connected to U1 and the second stationary contact 3 on the first mounting frame 101 is connected to V2. The first stationary contact 2 on the second mounting bracket 102 is connected to V1 and the second stationary contact 3 on the second mounting bracket 102 is connected to W2. The first stationary contact 2 on the third mount 103 is connected to W1, and the second stationary contact 3 on the third mount 103 is connected to U2.

The first and second

stationary contacts

2, 3 on each of the first to third mounts can be connected and disconnected to each other after being driven so that the three-phase winding forms or breaks a delta connection. When the first stationary contact piece 2 and the second stationary contact piece 3 on each of the first mounting rack, the second mounting rack and the third mounting rack are connected with each other, U1 and V2 in the three-phase winding are connected, V1 and W2 are connected, W1 and U2 are connected, namely the three-phase winding is connected end to end, and the triangular connection of the motor winding is realized.

The first stationary contacts 2 on the first to third mounting frames can be driven to be connected and disconnected with each other, or the second stationary contacts 3 on the first to third mounting frames can be driven to be connected and disconnected with each other, so that the three-phase windings are connected or disconnected in a star shape. When the first static contacts 2 on the first mounting frame, the second static contacts 3 on the third mounting frame and the third mounting frame are connected with each other and disconnected with each other, the U1, the V1 and the W1 in the three-phase winding are connected with each other, and the U2, the V2 and the W2 are disconnected with each other, so that star connection of the motor winding is realized. Alternatively, when the first stationary contacts 2 on the first to third mounting brackets are disconnected from each other and the second stationary contacts 3 on the first to third mounting brackets are connected to each other, U1, V1 and W1 in the three-phase winding are disconnected from each other and U2, V2 and W2 are connected to each other, and the star connection of the motor windings is also achieved.

The delta connection of the motor windings can thus be achieved by controlling the interconnection of the first and second

stationary contacts

2, 3 on each of the first to third mounting brackets. The star connection of the motor windings can also be achieved by controlling the first stationary contacts 2 on the first to third mounting brackets to be connected to each other and the second stationary contacts 3 on the first to third mounting brackets to be disconnected from each other. Alternatively, the first stationary contacts 2 on the first to third mounting brackets may be controlled to be disconnected from each other, and the second stationary contacts 3 on the first to third mounting brackets may be connected to each other, so as to realize star connection of the motor windings. Therefore, the structure of the motor winding switching device is simple, and the switching of the motor winding between the delta connection and the star connection is convenient.

It should be noted that, the three first stationary contact pieces 2 mentioned above are respectively fixed on the right side of the corresponding mounting rack, and the three second stationary contact pieces 3 are respectively fixed on the left side of the corresponding mounting rack, which means that the first stationary contact pieces 2 and the second stationary contact pieces 3 are oppositely arranged in the left-right direction, but not limited to this, it is only necessary to ensure that the first stationary contact pieces 2 and the second stationary contact pieces 3 on the same mounting rack can be connected and disconnected with each other. It is also possible for the first stationary contact part 2 and the second stationary contact part 3 to be arranged adjacent to each other (the first stationary contact part 2 being fixed to the right side of the mounting frame and the second stationary contact part 3 being fixed to the front or rear side of the mounting frame).

For convenience of understanding and description, arrow a in fig. 3 shows the left-right direction of the motor winding switching device, and arrow B in fig. 3 shows the up-down direction of the motor winding switching device. The arrow C in fig. 4 shows the front-rear direction of the motor winding switching device.

In some embodiments, the motor winding switching device further includes a first moving contact piece 5, a second moving contact piece 6, and a driving mechanism 7, the first moving contact piece 5 being provided on each of the first to third mounting frames 103, the first moving contact piece 5 on the first mounting frame 101 being movable relative to the first mounting frame 101 to simultaneously contact and disengage with the first stationary contact piece 2 and the second stationary contact piece 3 on the first mounting frame 101, the first moving contact piece 5 on the second mounting frame 102 being movable relative to the second mounting frame 102 to simultaneously contact and disengage with the first stationary contact piece 2 and the second stationary contact piece 3 on the second mounting frame 102, and the first moving contact piece 5 on the third mounting frame 103 being movable relative to the third mounting frame 103 to simultaneously contact and disengage with the first stationary contact piece 2 and the second stationary contact piece 3 on the third mounting frame 103.

As shown in fig. 4-6, each of the first to third mounting brackets 103 is provided with a first movable contact piece 5, and the first movable contact piece 5 is slidably disposed at the rear side of the corresponding mounting bracket and is slidable in the front-rear direction. The forward sliding of the first moving contact 5 enables simultaneous contact with the first stationary contact 2 and the second stationary contact 3 to complete the electrical connection of the first stationary contact 2 and the second stationary contact 3. Accordingly, when the first moving contact 5 is simultaneously in contact with the first and second

stationary contacts

2 and 3, the first moving contact 5 slides backward to simultaneously disengage from the first and second

stationary contacts

2 and 3, so as to disconnect the electrical connection between the first and second

stationary contacts

2 and 3.

The second movable contact piece 6 is provided on at least one of the first to third mounting brackets 103, and the second movable contact piece 6 is movable relative to the at least one mounting bracket on which it is provided to connect and disconnect the first stationary contact pieces 2 on the first to third mounting brackets 103 to and from each other, or to connect and disconnect the second stationary contact pieces 3 on the first to third mounting brackets 103 to and from each other.

The second movable contact piece 6 is provided on the front side of the mounting bracket and is slidable in the front-rear direction. Sliding the second movable contact element 6 backwards makes it possible to connect the three first stationary contact elements 2 to each other or to connect the three second stationary contact elements 3 to each other. Accordingly, sliding the second movable contact 6 forward can disconnect the three first stationary contacts 2 from each other, or can disconnect the three second stationary contacts 3 from each other.

The driving mechanism 7 is connected with the second movable contact piece 6 to drive the second movable contact piece 6 to move, and the driving mechanism 7 is connected with the first movable contact pieces 5 on the first mounting frame 103 to drive the three first movable contact pieces 5 on the first mounting frame 103 to move simultaneously.

The driving mechanism 7 can drive the second movable contact piece 6 to slide in the front-rear direction so as to connect the three first stationary contact pieces 2 to each other or connect the three second stationary contact pieces 3 to each other. Thereby, a star connection of the motor windings is achieved. The driving mechanism 7 can also drive the three first movable contact pieces 5 to slide in the front-back direction simultaneously, so that the first stationary contact piece 2 and the second stationary contact piece 3 in each mounting frame are electrically connected with each other. Thereby, a delta connection of the motor windings is achieved.

According to the motor winding switching device of the embodiment of the invention, the driving mechanism 7 drives the first movable contact piece 5 on each of the first to third mounting frames 103 to move simultaneously, namely, the electric connection of the first fixed contact piece 2 and the second fixed contact piece 3 on the first mounting frame 101, the electric connection of the first fixed contact piece 2 and the second fixed contact piece 3 on the second mounting frame 102 and the electric connection of the first fixed contact piece 2 and the second fixed contact piece 3 on the third mounting frame 103 are simultaneously realized, so that the triangular connection of the motor windings is realized. The driving mechanism 7 drives the second movable contact piece 6 to move, namely, the first fixed contact piece 2 on the first mounting frame 101, the first fixed contact piece 2 on the second mounting frame 102 and the first fixed contact piece 2 on the third mounting frame 103 are connected with each other, and star connection of motor windings is realized. Therefore, the motor winding switching device is convenient to control, simple in structure and small in occupied space.

The first movable contact piece 5 is slidably disposed on the rear side of the corresponding mounting frame, and the second movable contact piece 6 is disposed on the front side of the mounting frame, which means that the first movable contact piece 5 and the second movable contact piece 6 are disposed opposite to each other in the front-rear direction, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The first movable contact piece 5 only needs to be capable of being moved to connect the first fixed contact piece 2 and the second fixed contact piece 3 on the same mounting frame, and the second movable contact piece 6 only needs to be capable of being moved to be simultaneously abutted against the three first fixed contact pieces 2 or the three second fixed contact pieces 3.

In some embodiments, the number of the second movable contact pieces 6 is one, and one second movable contact piece 6 penetrates the first to third mounting frames 103 to simultaneously contact and disengage the first stationary contact pieces 2 on the first to third mounting frames 103, or simultaneously contact and disengage the second stationary contact pieces 3 on the first to third mounting frames 103.

When the number of the second movable contact pieces 6 is one, the second movable contact pieces 6 extend in the up-down direction and are slidably arranged in the first mounting frame 101, the second mounting frame 102 and the third mounting frame 103, the driving mechanism 7 is connected with the second movable contact pieces 6 to drive the second movable contact pieces 6 to move backwards, at this time, the second movable contact pieces 6 can be simultaneously abutted against the three first fixed contact pieces 3, so that the three first fixed contact pieces 2 are connected with each other through the second movable contact pieces 6, or the second movable contact pieces 6 can be simultaneously abutted against the three second fixed contact pieces 3, so that the three second fixed contact pieces 3 are connected with each other through the second movable contact pieces 6. Likewise, when the three first stationary contacts 2 are connected to each other via the second movable contact 6, or when the three second stationary contacts 3 are connected to each other via the second movable contact 6, the driving mechanism 7 drives the second movable contact 6 to move forward, i.e., disconnection of the three first stationary contacts 2 from each other can be achieved, or disconnection of the three second stationary contacts 3 from each other can be achieved. Therefore, the switching of the star connection mode of the three-phase winding of the motor is simple.

In some embodiments, the motor winding switching device further includes a control board 106 disposed in the housing 1, the control board 106 is electrically connected to the first stationary contact 2 of the first mounting bracket 101 through a first conductive member 10, the control board 106 is electrically connected to the second stationary contact 3 of the first mounting bracket 101 through a second conductive member 11, and the control board 106 is connected to the second movable contact 6 through a third conductive member 12.

Specifically, when the number of the second movable contact pieces 6 is one, it is preferable to provide the second bolts for both the first conductive piece 10 and the second conductive piece 11, so as to achieve the relative fixation of the control board 106 and the first mounting frame 101. The third conductive member 12 is preferably a conductive wire capable of following the movement of the second movable contact member 6. The control board 106 is electrically connected with the first stationary contact element 2, the second stationary contact element 3 and the second movable contact element 6 through three conductive elements, so as to detect the connection state of the motor winding switching device.

The specific detection mode of the control board 106 is as follows: the control board 106 supplies power to the first stationary contact element 2, and then tests the voltage levels of the second stationary contact element 3 and the second movable contact element 6, if the voltage of the second stationary contact element 3 is similar to the power supply voltage of the first stationary contact element 2, and the voltage of the second movable contact element 6 is zero, it represents that the connection state of the motor windings is delta connection. If the voltage of the second movable contact piece 6 is close to the supply voltage of the first stationary contact piece 2, the connection state of the motor winding is star connection. If the voltage of the second stationary contact 3 and the voltage of the second movable contact 6 are both zero, the connection state of the motor winding is an intermediate state. Therefore, the control board 106 detects the connection mode of the motor winding switching device in real time, so as to realize real-time control on the driving mechanism 7, and the switching sensitivity and accuracy of the connection mode of the motor winding are higher.

In some embodiments, the motor winding switching device further comprises a third stationary contact 4, the third stationary contact 4 extending through the first to third mounting brackets 103, and a second movable contact 6 provided on each of the first to third mounting brackets 103. The driving mechanism 7 is connected with the second movable contact piece 6 on the first to third mounting frames 103 to drive the second movable contact piece 6 on the first mounting frame 101 to simultaneously contact and separate from the third stationary contact piece 4 and the first stationary contact piece 2 on the first mounting frame 101, drive the second movable contact piece 6 on the second mounting frame 102 to simultaneously contact and separate from the third stationary contact piece 4 and the first stationary contact piece 2 on the second mounting frame 102, and drive the second movable contact piece 6 on the third mounting frame 103 to simultaneously contact and separate from the third stationary contact piece 4 and the first stationary contact piece 2 on the third mounting frame 103.

As shown in fig. 4 to 7, the third stationary contact 4 extends in the up-down direction of the housing 1, and the third stationary contact 4 is fixed to the left side of the first, second, and third mounting

brackets

101, 102, 103. The second movable contact pieces 6 on the first mounting frame 101, the second mounting frame 102 and the third mounting frame 103 are arranged on the front side of the corresponding mounting frames in a sliding manner and are positioned in front of the first static contact piece 2 and the third static contact piece 4. The driving mechanism 7 drives the three second movable contact pieces 6 to slide backwards at the same time, so that the three second movable contact pieces 6 can be contacted with the third fixed contact piece 4 at the same time, and meanwhile, the second movable contact pieces 6 in each mounting frame can be contacted with the corresponding first fixed contact pieces 2. Thereby, the three first stationary contacts 2 are connected to each other, completing the star connection of the motor windings.

In some embodiments, the motor winding switching device further includes a control board 106 disposed in the housing 1, the control board 106 is electrically connected to the first stationary contact 2 of the first mounting bracket 101 through a first conductive member 10, the control board 106 is electrically connected to the second stationary contact 3 of the first mounting bracket 101 through a second conductive member 11, and the control board 106 is electrically connected to the third stationary contact 4 through a third conductive member 12.

Specifically, the first conductive member 10, the second conductive member 11, and the third conductive member 12 are all second bolts, and the control board 106 is fixed above the first mounting frame 101 by three second bolts. Therefore, the control board 106 is electrically connected with the first stationary contact 2, the second stationary contact 3 and the third stationary contact 4 through the three second bolts, so that real-time detection of switching of the connection modes of the motor windings is realized.

The specific detection method of the control board 106 at this time is as follows: the control board 106 supplies power to the first static contact piece 2, and then tests the voltage levels of the second static contact piece 3 and the third static contact piece 4, if the voltage of the second static contact piece 3 is similar to the power supply voltage of the first static contact piece 2, and the voltage of the third static contact piece 4 is zero, the connection state of the motor winding is triangle connection. If the voltage of the third stationary contact 4 is close to the supply voltage of the first stationary contact 2, this means that the connection state of the motor winding is star-connected. If the voltage of the second stationary contact 3 and the voltage of the third stationary contact 4 are both zero, this means that the connection state of the motor winding is an intermediate state. Therefore, the control board 106 detects the connection mode of the motor winding switching device in real time, so as to realize real-time control on the driving mechanism 7, and the switching sensitivity and accuracy of the connection mode of the motor winding are higher.

In some embodiments, the driving mechanism includes a cam shaft 702 and a driving motor 701 for driving the cam shaft 702 to rotate, and the cam shaft 702 is used for driving the second movable contact piece 6 and the first movable contact piece 5 on the first to third mounting frames 103.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first mounting frame 101, the second mounting frame 102, and the third mounting frame 103 together form a first accommodating cavity and a second accommodating cavity extending in the vertical direction, the driving motor 701 is installed in the first accommodating cavity, and the cam shaft 702 is rotatably installed in the second accommodating cavity. The first movable contact piece 5 and the second movable contact piece 6 are both connected with the cam shaft 702, and the cam shaft 702 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 701, so that the first movable contact piece 5 and the second movable contact piece 6 are pushed to slide, and the switching between star connection and triangular connection is realized.

In some embodiments, the driving mechanism 7 further includes a first gear 703 and a second gear 704, the first gear 703 is fixed on the motor shaft of the driving motor 701, and the second gear 704 is fixed on the cam shaft 702 and is engaged with the first gear 703.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first driving motor 701 and the cam shaft 702 are arranged at intervals in the left-right direction, the first gear 703 is fixed above the driving motor 701, the second gear 704 is fixed above the cam shaft 702, and the first gear 703 is meshed with the second gear 704, so that the driving connection between the driving motor 701 and the cam shaft 702 is realized. Therefore, the motor winding switching device is compact in structure and smaller in size.

In some embodiments, the camshaft 702 includes a central shaft 7021 and a cam sleeve 7022, the cam sleeve 7022 being disposed about the central shaft 7021.

The center pin 7021 is the dysmorphism axle, and the hole of cam sleeve 7022 is for the dysmorphism hole with dysmorphism axle assorted, and the center pin 7021 rotates to be installed in second holding intracavity, and the axial of center pin 7021 is vertical, and the quantity of cam sleeve 7022 is three, and three cam sleeve 7022 all with center pin 7021 interference fit to with first mounting bracket 101, second mounting bracket 102 and third mounting bracket 103 one-to-one. Thereby, the difficulty of processing and the difficulty of assembling the cam sleeve 7022 are reduced.

It should be noted that the three cam sleeves 7022 may also be fixed relative to the central shaft 7021 by other types of connection, such as by a pin connection, an adhesive bond, a keyed connection, or a bolt connection.

The cam sleeve 7022 is preferably a plastic sleeve, which avoids the first moving contact piece 5 and the second moving contact piece 6 from being electrically connected to the camshaft 702, and meanwhile, the plastic sleeve has lighter weight and the camshaft 702 is manufactured at lower cost.

In some embodiments, the drive mechanism 7 further comprises a first push rod 705 and a second push rod 706, a first end of the first push rod 705 abutting the first moving contact 5, a second end of the first push rod 705 abutting the outer contour surface of the camshaft 702, a first end of the second push rod 706 abutting the second moving contact 6, and a second end of the second push rod 706 abutting the outer contour surface of the camshaft 702.

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the number of the first push rod 705 and the second push rod 706 is three, and the first push rod 705 and the second push rod 706 are slidably disposed at the same position on the first mounting frame 101, the second mounting frame 102, and the third mounting frame, respectively. Taking the first mounting frame 101 as an example, the first push rod 705 and the second push rod 706 both extend in the front-rear direction and are slidably fitted on the first mounting frame 101 in the front-rear direction. The first push rod 705 is located on the rear side of the cam sleeve 7022 between the first movable contact piece 5 and the cam sleeve 7022, and the second push rod 706 is located on the front side of the cam sleeve 7022 between the second movable contact piece 6 and the cam sleeve 7022.

Thereby, by the relative sliding of the cam sleeve 7022 and the first push rod 705, the first push rod 705 is pushed to slide back and forth, and further the first movable contact piece 5 is pushed to slide back and forth, thereby achieving simultaneous contact and disengagement with the first stationary contact piece 2 and the second stationary contact piece 3. Through the relative sliding of the cam sleeve 7022 and the second push rod 706, the second push rod 706 is also pushed to slide back and forth, and further the second movable contact element 6 is pushed to slide back and forth, so that the first and third

stationary contact elements

2 and 4 are simultaneously contacted and separated.

In some embodiments, the outer profile surface of the camshaft 702 includes an arcuate segment and a flat segment in a cross-section of the camshaft 702.

Specifically, the arc of the arc segment is an arc, and the first push rod 705 or the second push rod 706 does not slide in the front-rear direction when abutting against the arc segment and sliding relatively. The first push rod 705 or the second push rod 706 slides back and forth in the front-rear direction when abutting against the straight section and sliding relatively, thereby switching the motor winding between the star connection and the delta connection.

As shown in fig. 4-6, when the first push rod 705 abuts against the arc-shaped segment and the second push rod 706 abuts against the straight segment, the motor windings realize star connection. When the second push rod 706 abuts against the arc section and the first push rod 705 abuts against the straight section, the motor windings realize a delta connection. When the first push rod 705 abuts against the first junction of the arc-shaped section and the straight section and the second push rod 706 abuts against the second junction of the arc-shaped section and the straight section, the motor windings are in an intermediate state, i.e. neither star connection nor delta connection. Therefore, the camshaft 702 can realize the mutual switching of the motor windings between the star connection and the triangular connection by rotating for half a circle under the driving of the driving motor 701, the switching speed is high, and the power interruption time is shorter.

In some embodiments, the motor winding switching device further comprises a first spring 8 and a second spring 9, the first spring 8 being adapted to urge the first moving contact 5 towards the first stationary contact 2, the second spring 9 being adapted to urge the second moving contact 6 towards the second stationary contact 3.

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the number of the first springs 8 and the second springs 9 is three and the first springs are respectively arranged at the same positions of the first mounting frame 101, the second mounting frame 102 and the third mounting frame 103. Taking the first mounting frame 101 as an example, the first spring 8 is disposed between the first mounting frame 101 and the first moving contact piece 5, and an end of the first spring 8 abuts against a side surface of the first moving contact piece 5 departing from the first push rod 705. The second spring 9 is disposed between the first mounting frame 101 and the second movable contact piece 6, and an end of the second spring 9 abuts against a side surface of the second movable contact piece 6 departing from the second push rod 706. Therefore, the first spring 8 can ensure the sufficient contact between the first movable contact piece 5 and the first static contact piece 2 and the sufficient contact between the first movable contact piece 5 and the second static contact piece 3, the overload capacity of the joint of the first static contact piece 2 and the second static contact piece 3 is stronger, and the heat productivity is smaller. Similarly, the second spring 9 also ensures that the overload capacity of the joint of the first stationary contact 2 and the third stationary contact 4 is stronger and the heat generation is smaller.

In some embodiments, the housing 1 further includes a top cover 104, the top cover 104 being disposed on top of the first mounting frame 101, the top cover 104 being assembled with the first to third mounting frames 103 by first bolts 107 sequentially passing through the top cover 104 and the first to third mounting frames 103.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the bottom of the third mounting frame 103 is closed, and the housing 1 is disposed on the top of the first mounting frame 101, so that the housing 1 forms a substantially closed structure, and the external interference with the operation of the internal components is effectively avoided.

It should be noted that an interlayer 105 may be disposed between the top cover 104 and the first mounting frame 101, and the control board 106 is fixed above the interlayer 105 to be spaced apart from the first mounting frame 101. The number of the first bolts 107 is two, and the first bolts 107 sequentially pass through the top cover 104, the interlayer 105, the first mounting frame 101, the second mounting frame 102 and the third mounting frame 103 and are in threaded connection with the nuts 108, so that the relative fixation of the five parts is completed. Therefore, by detachably connecting the first mounting frame 101, the second mounting frame 102 and the third mounting frame 103, the assembling difficulty of the first stationary contact piece 2, the second stationary contact piece 3, the first movable contact piece 5, the second movable contact piece 6, the first spring 8, the second spring 9, the first push rod 705 and the second push rod 706 on the corresponding mounting frames is lower, and the assembling efficiency is higher.

In some embodiments, the first mount 101, the second mount 102, and the third mount 103 are integrally formed.

At this time, the three first stationary contacts 2 are arranged at intervals in the height direction on the right side of the housing 1 and partially exposed to the outside so as to be connected to the terminals of the three-phase winding. Three second stationary contacts 3 are provided at intervals in the height direction on the left side of the housing 1 and partially exposed to the outside so as to be connected to the terminals of the three-phase winding. The three first stationary contacts 2 and the three second stationary contacts 3 correspond one to one in the height direction. Three first movable contact pieces 5 and three second movable contact pieces 6 which correspond to the three first fixed contact pieces 2 one by one are arranged in the shell 1 in a sliding mode.

A motor winding switching device according to a specific example of an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 8.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the motor winding switching device includes a housing 1, a first stationary contact 2, a second stationary contact 3, a first moving contact 5, a second moving contact 6, a first spring 8, a second spring 9, a first push rod 705, a second push rod 706, a driving motor 701, and a camshaft 702.

The shell 1 comprises a third mounting frame 103, a second mounting frame 102, a first mounting frame 101, an interlayer 105 and a top cover 104 from bottom to top, and two first bolts 107 sequentially penetrate through the top cover 104, the interlayer 105, the first mounting frame 101, the second mounting frame 102 and the third mounting frame 103 and are in threaded fit with nuts 108, so that the parts are fixed relatively.

A first accommodating cavity and a second accommodating cavity are formed among the first mounting frame 101, the second mounting frame 102 and the third mounting frame 103, the driving motor 701 is installed in the first accommodating cavity, the cam shaft 702 is rotatably installed in the second accommodating cavity, a motor shaft of the driving motor 701 is fixedly provided with a first gear 703, the cam shaft 702 is fixedly provided with a second gear 704, and the second gear 704 is meshed with the first gear 703.

The cam shaft 702 comprises a central shaft 7021 and three cam sleeves 7022 which are in interference fit with the central shaft 7021, the upper end of the central shaft 7021 is in running fit with the top cover 104, the lower end of the central shaft 7021 is in running fit with the third mounting frame 103, and the three cam sleeves 7022 are in one-to-one correspondence with the first mounting frame 101, the second mounting frame 102 and the third mounting frame 103 in the up-and-down direction.

The internal structures of the first mounting frame 101, the second mounting frame 102 and the third mounting frame 103 are the same, and the number, types and positions of the components mounted in the mounting frames are also the same, taking the first mounting frame 101 as an example, a first stationary contact part 2 is fixed on the right side of the first mounting frame 101, a second stationary contact part 3 is fixed on the left side of the first mounting frame 101, a first movable contact part 5 is arranged on the rear side in a sliding manner, and a second movable contact part 6 is arranged on the front side in a sliding manner. The first spring 8 is sandwiched between the first movable contact piece 5 and the first mounting frame 101 and located on the rear side of the first movable contact piece 5, and the second spring 9 is sandwiched between the second movable contact piece 6 and the first mounting frame 101 and located on the front side of the second movable contact piece 6. The first push rod 705 is slidably disposed on the first mounting frame 101 in the front-rear direction, and two ends of the first push rod respectively abut against the first movable contact 5 and the cam sleeve 7022. The second push rod 706 is slidably disposed on the first mounting frame 101 in the front-rear direction, and both ends thereof respectively abut against the second movable contact piece 6 and the cam sleeve 7022.

The third stationary contact 4 penetrates the first mounting frame 101, the second mounting frame 102, and the third mounting frame 103, and the third stationary contact 4 is located on the left side of each mounting frame and spaced apart from the second stationary contact 3 in the front-rear direction. A control plate 106 is arranged in the top cover 104, the control plate 106 is placed on the interlayer 105, and three second bolts penetrate through the control plate 106 and the interlayer 105 and are respectively in threaded connection with the first stationary contact 2, the second stationary contact 3 and the third stationary contact 4.

An electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention comprises an electric motor having three-phase windings and a motor winding switching device of any of the above embodiments connected to the three-phase windings for switching the three-phase windings between a star connection and a delta connection.

Under the same power supply voltage, the winding under the star connection has small voltage, small torsion, low speed and small impact on the power supply, and is suitable for zero-speed starting. The winding under the triangular connection has large voltage, large torsion, high speed and large impact on a power supply, and is not suitable for zero-speed starting. The electric scooter provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the motor winding switching device, the winding of the motor is switched to star connection when the electric scooter is started, so that the impact on a power supply is reduced, and the winding of the motor is switched to delta connection after the electric scooter is started, so that the torsion is improved, and the higher running speed is realized. Meanwhile, the motor winding switching device adopting any one of the embodiments further has the advantages of convenience in control, simple structure and small occupied space.

In some embodiments, the electric scooter may be a balance car, scooter, electric motorcycle, or the like.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor winding switching device, wherein the motor winding is a three-phase winding, each of the three-phase winding has two terminals, the motor winding switching device comprising:

the shell comprises a first mounting frame, a second mounting frame and a third mounting frame which are sequentially arranged, wherein the first mounting frame, the second mounting frame and the third mounting frame are integrally formed, or the first mounting frame, the second mounting frame and the third mounting frame are detachably connected;

the first mounting frame, the second mounting frame and the third mounting frame are respectively provided with connecting ends, the connecting end on each mounting frame is respectively connected with one of the terminals of different phase windings, and the connecting ends on each mounting frame can be mutually connected and/or disconnected after being driven, so that the three-phase windings can be switched between star connection and delta connection.

2. The motor winding switching arrangement of claim 1, wherein the connection end comprises: a first stationary contact and a second stationary contact;

the first and second stationary contacts are provided on each of the first to third mounting brackets, respectively, and the first and second stationary contacts on each of the first to third mounting brackets are connected to one of the terminals of the different phase windings, respectively;

the first and second stationary contacts on each of the first through third mounts being drivable to connect and disconnect with each other to cause the three-phase winding to make or break a delta connection;

the first stationary contacts on the first to third mounting brackets are capable of being connected and disconnected to each other after being driven, or the second stationary contacts on the first to third mounting brackets are capable of being connected and disconnected to each other after being driven, so that the three-phase windings form or break a star connection.

3. The motor winding switching arrangement of claim 2, further comprising:

a first movable contact member provided on each of the first to third mounting brackets, the first movable contact member on the first mounting bracket being movable relative to the first mounting bracket to simultaneously contact and disengage with the first and second stationary contact members on the first mounting bracket, the first movable contact member on the second mounting bracket being movable relative to the second mounting bracket to simultaneously contact and disengage with the first and second stationary contact members on the second mounting bracket, the first movable contact member on the third mounting bracket being movable relative to the third mounting bracket to simultaneously contact and disengage with the first and second stationary contact members on the third mounting bracket;

a second movable contact member provided on at least one of the first to third mounting brackets, the second movable contact member being movable relative to the at least one mounting bracket to connect and disconnect the first stationary contact members on the first to third mounting brackets to and from each other or to connect and disconnect the second stationary contact members on the first to third mounting brackets to and from each other; and

and the driving mechanism is connected with the second movable contact piece to drive the second movable contact piece to move, and the driving mechanism is connected with the first movable contact pieces on the first mounting rack to the third mounting rack to drive the first movable contact pieces on the first mounting rack to the third mounting rack to move simultaneously.

4. The motor winding switching apparatus of claim 3, wherein the number of the second movable contact pieces is one, and one of the second movable contact pieces penetrates the first to third mounting brackets to simultaneously contact and disengage with the first stationary contact pieces on the first to third mounting brackets, or simultaneously contact and disengage with the second stationary contact pieces on the first to third mounting brackets.

5. The motor winding switching device of claim 3, further comprising a third stationary contact, the third stationary contact member penetrates the first to third mounting brackets, the second movable contact member is provided on each of the first to third mounting brackets, the driving mechanism is connected with the second movable contact pieces on the first mounting frame, the second movable contact piece on the first mounting frame and the third fixed contact piece are driven to simultaneously contact and separate from the first fixed contact piece on the first mounting frame, the second movable contact piece on the second mounting frame and the third fixed contact piece are driven to simultaneously contact and separate from the first fixed contact piece on the second mounting frame, and the second movable contact piece on the third mounting frame and the third fixed contact piece are driven to simultaneously contact and separate from the first fixed contact piece on the third mounting frame.

6. The motor winding switching device of claim 5, further comprising a control board disposed within the housing, the control board being electrically connected to the first stationary contact of the first mounting bracket via a first conductive member, the control board being electrically connected to the second stationary contact of the first mounting bracket via a second conductive member, the control board being electrically connected to the third stationary contact via a third conductive member.

7. The motor winding switching arrangement of claim 3 wherein the drive mechanism includes a cam shaft for driving the second movable contact member and the first movable contact members on the first through third mounting brackets and a drive motor for driving the cam shaft in rotation.

8. The motor winding switching device of claim 7, wherein the drive mechanism further comprises a first gear mounted on a motor shaft of the drive motor and a second gear mounted on the cam shaft and engaged with the first gear.

9. The motor winding switching device of claim 7, wherein the driving mechanism further comprises a first push rod and a second push rod, a first end of the first push rod abuts against the first movable contact, a second end of the first push rod abuts against the outer contour surface of the camshaft, a first end of the second push rod abuts against the second movable contact, and a second end of the second push rod abuts against the outer contour surface of the camshaft.

10. The motor winding switching arrangement of claim 7 further comprising a first spring for urging the first moving contact toward the first stationary contact and a second spring for urging the second moving contact toward the second stationary contact.

11. An electric scooter comprising an electric motor having three phase windings and a motor winding switching arrangement according to any of claims 1-10 connected to the three phase windings for switching the three phase windings between a star connection and a delta connection.