CN112433178A - Line fault detection method for synchronous synthesis of data among multiple devices - Google Patents
Line fault detection method for synchronous synthesis of data among multiple devices Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/58—Testing of lines, cables or conductors
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- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
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Abstract
A line fault detection method for synchronous synthesis of data among multiple devices belongs to the field of fault indicator systems in power systems and is realized based on a three-phase acquisition unit and a collection unit in the fault indicator systems, the three-phase acquisition unit and the collection unit realize data interaction by means of a wireless communication module, the three-phase acquisition unit comprises an A-phase acquisition unit, a B-phase acquisition unit and a C-phase acquisition unit, synchronization of system time and sampling time among the units is guaranteed by improving the devices and the detection method, synchronous sampling data are transmitted to the collection unit in real time to synthesize real-time zero current and zero voltage for transient state study and judgment, and fault identification rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fault indicator systems in power systems, and particularly relates to a line fault detection method for synchronous synthesis of data among multiple devices.
Background
The investment of the national grid company on a power distribution network is gradually increased, and the current fault indicator system is taken as a power distribution product hung on an overhead line or a cable, so that the fault indicator system is widely applied to the field of power distribution due to the strong practicability, convenient use, fault identification and judgment and easy fault identification. An acquisition unit is hung on a three-phase line, and at present, the transient fault is analyzed and judged according to the transient change of phase current and phase voltage, and the single-phase independent judgment is inaccurate and incomplete.
The prior art has the following defects: the conditions such as rain and snow weather affect the irregular change of voltage, the current change caused by load fluctuation and other factors affect the judgment of the ground fault, and the zero current and zero voltage data cannot be taken in real time, so that the ground fault cannot be judged accurately.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a line fault detection method for synchronously synthesizing data among multiple devices, which ensures the synchronization of system time and sampling time among units by improving the devices and the detection method, transmits the synchronous sampling data to a collecting unit in real time to synthesize real-time zero flow and zero pressure for transient state study and judgment, and improves the fault identification rate.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a line fault detection method for synchronous synthesis of data among multiple devices is realized based on a three-phase acquisition unit and a collection unit in a fault indicator system, the three-phase acquisition unit and the collection unit realize data interaction by means of a wireless communication module, the three-phase acquisition unit comprises an A-phase acquisition unit, a B-phase acquisition unit and a C-phase acquisition unit, and the line fault detection method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a collecting unit carries out accurate time setting according to satellite time service equipment, and then time setting data frames are sent in a broadcast sending mode, wherein the period of the broadcast sending mode is N, and the value range of N is 80-110 ms;
step two, each acquisition unit in the three-phase acquisition unit respectively carries out time calibration according to the received time tick data frame so as to realize the time synchronization of the collection unit and the three-phase acquisition unit;
step three, after the time setting of each acquisition unit is stable, the voltage and current data acquired by each acquisition unit are respectively transmitted to a collecting unit, and the transmission method comprises the following steps:
in the whole second after the time synchronization is stable, each acquisition unit circularly transmits data outwards according to the sequence of ABC three phases at intervals M;
step four, the collecting unit synthesizes a zero-sequence current and a zero-sequence voltage according to the received three-phase sampling data vector, and calculates effective values of the zero-sequence current and the zero-sequence voltage;
when the effective value is detected to be suddenly changed, analyzing and judging whether the fault is a ground fault according to the transient characteristics of the zero-sequence current and the zero-sequence voltage;
and if the fault is the ground fault, judging whether the equipment is positioned at the upstream or the downstream of the fault point according to the variation trend of the transient state time of the zero sequence current and the zero sequence voltage.
Furthermore, each acquisition unit in the collection unit and the three-phase acquisition unit is provided with a time synchronization wireless communication module and a data transceiving wireless communication module.
Further, the time calibration method for the three-phase acquisition unit in the second step includes the following steps:
A. after receiving the time tick data frame sent by the aggregation unit for the first time, each acquisition unit replaces the current time Tc of the acquisition unit with the calculation result of a formula Thi = T1i + T2+ T3;
wherein Thi represents the calculation time, T1i represents the time stamp in the time-tick data frame received the ith time, T2 represents the wireless air transmission delay, T3 represents the analysis time of the acquisition unit, and Tc represents the current time of the acquisition unit;
B. each time a time tick data frame is received after each acquisition unit, calculating the time deviation delta ti between the current time Tc and the calculation result of a formula Thi = T1i + T2+ T3, wherein the formula is delta ti = Tc-Thi;
B1. when the absolute value of delta ti of each acquisition unit is not more than 20us, judging that each acquisition unit is stable in time setting, and then performing data transmission and time setting fine adjustment; the method for fine tuning the time comprises the following steps:
B11. each acquisition unit calculates the average value of the latest K deltati, and the average value is spread in each millisecond for correction, wherein the value range of K is between 2 and 10;
B2. and when the absolute value of delta ti of each acquisition unit is larger than 20us, judging that each acquisition unit is unstable in time setting, suspending data transmission, fine tuning in time setting and returning to the step A.
Further, the value range of M is 4-6 ms.
The invention has the technical characteristics that: the three-phase acquisition unit and the collection unit are in data transmission, so that the time of the four devices tends to be synchronous; the three-phase acquisition unit respectively acquires voltage and current data of ABC three phases of the circuit, the acquired data are transmitted to the collection unit, and the collection unit stores the three-phase data and synchronously synthesizes a zero sequence to analyze and judge the transient fault.
The beneficial effects produced by adopting the invention are as follows: by improving the equipment and the detection method, the synchronization of system time and sampling time among all units is ensured, and the fault identification rate is improved; the selection of the sampling point data and the selection of the sending time slot reduce the data transmission quantity and simultaneously ensure the functional requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of data transmission of an acquisition unit.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-2, the fault indicator system of the present invention includes a three-phase acquisition unit and a collection unit; the three-phase acquisition unit comprises an A-phase acquisition unit, a B-phase acquisition unit and a C-phase acquisition unit; the collecting unit, the A-phase collecting unit, the B-phase collecting unit and the C-phase collecting unit are all provided with a time synchronization wireless communication module and a data transceiving wireless communication module, and the models of the two wireless modules are 433M.
The invention uses 2 communication modules for function separation, because the data transmission volume of the sampling data is large, the invention can not be used for giving consideration to other functions, and the phenomenon of asynchronous time setting is easy to occur by adopting one communication module. A line fault detection method for synchronous synthesis of data among multiple devices is realized based on a three-phase acquisition unit and a collection unit in a fault indicator system, the three-phase acquisition unit and the collection unit realize data interaction by means of a wireless communication module, the three-phase acquisition unit comprises an A-phase acquisition unit, a B-phase acquisition unit and a C-phase acquisition unit, and the line fault detection method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a collecting unit carries out accurate time setting according to satellite time service equipment, and then time setting data frames are sent in a broadcast sending mode, wherein the period of the broadcast sending mode is N, and the value range of N is 80-110 ms;
step two, each acquisition unit in the three-phase acquisition unit respectively carries out time calibration according to the received time tick data frame so as to realize the time synchronization of the collection unit and the three-phase acquisition unit;
step three, after the time setting of each acquisition unit is stable, the voltage and current data acquired by each acquisition unit are respectively transmitted to a collecting unit, and the transmission method comprises the following steps:
in the whole second after the time synchronization is stable, each acquisition unit circularly transmits data outwards according to the sequence of ABC three phases at intervals M;
referring to fig. 2, a specific data transmission method thereof is as follows: the current and voltage sampling at 128 points per cycle (20 ms) is calculated and judged by the self, 32 sampling points are screened out at equal intervals per cycle, and the sampling points are uploaded to a collecting unit, and screening serial numbers 1, 5 and 9 … 125 are obtained.
The sampling point data selection and the sending time slot selection are carried out, because the number of sampling points of each cycle of the acquisition unit is different, namely 80, 100, 128, 256 and the like, for example, 128 sampling points of each cycle are not required to be transmitted to the collecting unit completely, and the number of the sampling points is required to be one fourth. Because the sampling pattern is set to be equal time sampling, one sample point is taken every four points. 1. 2, 3 and 4, 1 is extracted; 5. 6, 7 and 8, middle pumping 5; … …, and the like. For the synthesis of the following zero sequence, the obtained positions in each group are consistent. 2 can also be extracted in 1, 2, 3 and 4; then 6 is pumped in 5, 6, 7, 8. This reduces the amount of data transmission while also ensuring functional requirements.
And after time synchronization is stable and ADC sampling is synchronous, framing transmission of sampling data is carried out.
After time synchronization is stable and ADC sampling is synchronous, the first triggered sampling point in the whole second is taken as the first sampling point to be uploaded,
framing: each frame contains 48 sampling points (24 sampling points of current, 24 sampling points of electric field, two bytes for each sampling point), the time scale is 7 bytes, and 1 byte is distinguished and identified. A frame consists of 104 bytes. The wireless module can transmit 125 bytes within 5ms at a transmission rate of 200 Kb/s.
And (3) transmission period: the phase A acquisition unit times to 5ms after the whole second and sends data outwards, the phase B acquisition unit times to 10ms after the whole second and sends data outwards, the phase C acquisition unit times to 15ms after the whole second and sends data outwards, and then the data are sent outwards at 5ms intervals according to the sequence of ABC three phases.
Step four, the collecting unit synthesizes a zero-sequence current and a zero-sequence voltage according to the received three-phase sampling data vector, and calculates effective values of the zero-sequence current and the zero-sequence voltage;
when the effective value is detected to be suddenly changed, analyzing and judging whether the fault is a ground fault according to the transient characteristics of the zero-sequence current and the zero-sequence voltage;
and if the fault is the ground fault, judging whether the equipment is positioned at the upstream or the downstream of the fault point according to the variation trend of the transient state time of the zero sequence current and the zero sequence voltage.
The specific data processing procedure of the collecting unit in the fourth step is as follows: and after the collection unit receives A, B, C three-phase data, the collection unit judges that the three-phase data are received, and if the time scale in the data meets the alignment requirement, the data are stored, so that the current and voltage of the three lines are sampled synchronously in real time in the collection unit.
The collecting unit carries out vector calculation on the three-phase synchronous sampling points, and zero-sequence current and zero-sequence voltage sampling points are synthesized, and the sampling points are 32 sampling points per cycle.
The collecting unit obtains sampling data of three-phase current and voltage, wherein the sampling data are sine wave sampling points with 0 as a central axis, each sampling point is 16-bit signed data, and each zero-sequence current sampling point is calculated as I0n = IAn + IBn + ICn; each zero sequence voltage sampling point is calculated as U0n = UAn + UBn + Ucn.
And (3) collecting real-time zero-sequence current and zero-sequence voltage owned by the unit, synchronously calculating the effective value of the zero-sequence current in each power frequency sampling period (generally 20 ms) by using a discrete Fourier algorithm (FFT calculation mode), comparing and judging the absolute value of the calculated difference operation result between the current effective value and the effective value of the last power frequency sampling period with a zero-sequence starting threshold value, and if the absolute value is larger than the zero-sequence starting threshold value, considering that the zero-sequence current has mutation and detecting the ground fault. And then, judging the transient state trend of the zero sequence current and zero sequence voltage sampling data at the moment by using a first half wave method, and judging whether the equipment is positioned at the upstream or the downstream of the fault point. If the transient trends of the zero-sequence current and zero-sequence voltage sampling data are the same, the equipment is positioned at the downstream of a fault point; and if the transient trends of the zero-sequence current and zero-sequence voltage sampling data are opposite, the equipment is positioned at the upstream of the fault point.
If a wave recording file of an accurate sampling point at a fault moment is required, the steps are as follows:
the collecting unit sends a wave recording starting command through the time synchronization wireless communication module, the command comprises fault starting time, the three-phase collecting unit forms waveform data of 8 cycles after the first 4 cycles according to the fault starting time (the collecting unit has a sampling cache with a certain time and can inquire the position of the sampling data according to the specified time), and the waveform data are uploaded to the collecting unit. And each cycle of the fault recording file has 128 sampling points, and the fault recording file can be uploaded to a master station for application.
The time calibration method of the three-phase acquisition unit in the second step comprises the following steps:
A. after receiving the time tick data frame sent by the aggregation unit for the first time, each acquisition unit replaces the current time Tc of the acquisition unit with the calculation result of a formula Thi = T1i + T2+ T3;
wherein Thi represents the calculation time, T1i represents the time stamp in the time-tick data frame received the ith time, T2 represents the wireless air transmission delay, T3 represents the analysis time of the acquisition unit, and Tc represents the current time of the acquisition unit;
B. each time a time tick data frame is received after each acquisition unit, calculating the time deviation delta ti between the current time Tc and the calculation result of a formula Thi = T1i + T2+ T3, wherein the formula is delta ti = Tc-Thi;
B1. when the absolute value of delta ti of each acquisition unit is not more than 20us, judging that each acquisition unit is stable in time setting, and then performing data transmission and time setting fine adjustment; the method for fine tuning the time comprises the following steps:
B11. each acquisition unit calculates the average value of the latest K deltati, and the average value is spread in each millisecond for correction, wherein the value range of K is between 2 and 10;
B2. and when the absolute value of delta ti of each acquisition unit is larger than 20us, judging that each acquisition unit is unstable in time setting, suspending data transmission, fine tuning in time setting and returning to the step A.
The specific principle is as follows: the collecting unit can receive an accurate time source at regular time through an external server or a GPS and a Beidou, and the collecting unit keeps time according to an 8025T clock chip when no external time source exists. The collecting unit broadcasts and sends the time tick data frame each time through wireless communication with the interval period of 100 ms. After the three-phase acquisition unit receives the time setting data frame, the time of the three-phase acquisition unit and the AD sampling timer are adjusted according to the time, so that the absolute time deviation of the three-phase acquisition unit is within 20us, the AD sampling timer of the three-phase acquisition unit is in step, and sampling is triggered almost at the same time.
The specific adjusting method comprises the following steps: the collecting unit broadcasts and sends the time data frame each time with the interval period of 100ms, and the three collecting units simultaneously receive the time data frame and need to adjust the system clock so as to achieve time synchronization among the devices. The acquisition unit receives the time setting time sent by the collection unit for the first time and directly adjusts the system time.
The method comprises the following steps: the time mark T1i issued by the collecting unit, the data pass through the wireless air transmission delay T2 and the acquisition unit analysis time T3, and the acquisition unit directly adjusts the time calculated by the T1+ T2+ T3 into the system time of the acquisition unit. And then, after receiving the time frame, the acquisition unit does not directly adjust the system time, but finely adjusts the system time, and corrects the system time by adjusting the ms interruption edge.
The acquisition unit receives the time issued by the collection unit, the time Thi calculated by T1i + T2+ T3, and at the moment, the current system time Tc of the acquisition unit is extracted, the time deviation delta ti = Tc-Th, and the delta T has positive numbers and negative numbers. The absolute value of the delta ti is not more than 20us, and the time setting of the collection unit by the collection unit is considered to be stable. Then the acquisition unit can finely adjust the time of the acquisition unit according to the time synchronization deviation, and the steps are as follows:
and averaging the average value of delta ti of the latest K times into every millisecond for correction, so that the time between the three-phase acquisition unit and the three-phase collection unit is relatively stable without large adjustment. When a frame pair is newly received, the latest Δ ti is calculated, and the oldest Δ ti is discarded, so that the average value is ensured to be the average value of K time deviations.
ADC sampling adjustment method
After time synchronization is stable, the ADC triggers a sampling counter every 20ms, and the counter is aligned with the millisecond edge during adjustment, so that sampling steps of the three-phase acquisition unit are consistent.
Claims (4)
1. A line fault detection method for synchronous synthesis of data among multiple devices is realized based on a three-phase acquisition unit and a collection unit in a fault indicator system, the three-phase acquisition unit and the collection unit realize data interaction by means of a wireless communication module, the three-phase acquisition unit comprises an A-phase acquisition unit, a B-phase acquisition unit and a C-phase acquisition unit, and the line fault detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a collecting unit carries out accurate time setting according to satellite time service equipment, and then time setting data frames are sent in a broadcast sending mode, wherein the period of the broadcast sending mode is N, and the value range of N is 80-110 ms;
step two, each acquisition unit in the three-phase acquisition unit respectively carries out time calibration according to the received time tick data frame so as to realize the time synchronization of the collection unit and the three-phase acquisition unit;
step three, after the time setting of each acquisition unit is stable, the voltage and current data acquired by each acquisition unit are respectively transmitted to a collecting unit, and the transmission method comprises the following steps:
in the whole second after the time synchronization is stable, each acquisition unit circularly transmits data outwards according to the sequence of ABC three phases at intervals M;
step four, the collecting unit synthesizes a zero-sequence current and a zero-sequence voltage according to the received three-phase sampling data vector, and calculates effective values of the zero-sequence current and the zero-sequence voltage;
when the effective value is detected to be suddenly changed, analyzing and judging whether the fault is a ground fault according to the transient characteristics of the zero-sequence current and the zero-sequence voltage;
and if the fault is the ground fault, judging whether the equipment is positioned at the upstream or the downstream of the fault point according to the variation trend of the transient state time of the zero sequence current and the zero sequence voltage.
2. The line fault detection method for synchronous synthesis of data among multiple devices according to claim 1, wherein: and each acquisition unit in the collection unit and the three-phase acquisition unit is provided with a time synchronization wireless communication module and a data transceiving wireless communication module.
3. The line fault detection method for synchronous synthesis of data among multiple devices according to claim 1, wherein the time calibration method for the three-phase acquisition unit in the second step comprises the following steps:
A. after receiving the time tick data frame sent by the aggregation unit for the first time, each acquisition unit replaces the current time Tc of the acquisition unit with the calculation result of a formula Thi = T1i + T2+ T3;
wherein Thi represents the calculation time, T1i represents the time stamp in the time-tick data frame received the ith time, T2 represents the wireless air transmission delay, T3 represents the analysis time of the acquisition unit, and Tc represents the current time of the acquisition unit;
B. each time a time tick data frame is received after each acquisition unit, calculating the time deviation delta ti between the current time Tc and the calculation result of a formula Thi = T1i + T2+ T3, wherein the formula is delta ti = Tc-Thi;
B1. when the absolute value of delta ti of each acquisition unit is not more than 20us, judging that each acquisition unit is stable in time setting, and then performing data transmission and time setting fine adjustment; the method for fine tuning the time comprises the following steps:
B11. each acquisition unit calculates the average value of the latest K deltati, and the average value is spread in each millisecond for correction, wherein the value range of K is between 2 and 10;
B2. and when the absolute value of delta ti of each acquisition unit is larger than 20us, judging that each acquisition unit is unstable in time setting, suspending data transmission, fine tuning in time setting and returning to the step A.
4. The line fault detection method for synchronous synthesis of data among multiple devices according to claim 1, wherein: the value range of M is 4-6 ms.
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