CN112433096A - Method for testing resistivity of conductive concrete in loading process - Google Patents
Method for testing resistivity of conductive concrete in loading process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112433096A CN112433096A CN201910791410.5A CN201910791410A CN112433096A CN 112433096 A CN112433096 A CN 112433096A CN 201910791410 A CN201910791410 A CN 201910791410A CN 112433096 A CN112433096 A CN 112433096A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 gravel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005288 electromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/08—Measuring resistance by measuring both voltage and current
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/041—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/38—Concrete; ceramics; glass; bricks
- G01N33/383—Concrete, cement
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing the resistivity of conductive concrete in the loading process, which comprises the steps of firstly converting alternating current connected into a circuit into a specially designed direct current voltage value required by a measuring circuit through an adjustable current stabilizing transformer and a rectifier, simultaneously measuring the voltage and the current of the conductive concrete by adopting a quadrupole method and exporting the voltage and the current while loading, and finally calculating the resistivity of a conductive concrete test piece. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the problems that the characteristic values cannot be loaded and measured simultaneously in the prior art, the existing measuring method is too complicated, the measuring error is large and the like can be solved, the measurement is convenient, and the workload is small.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of concrete performance testing methods, in particular to a method for testing the resistivity of conductive concrete in a loading process.
Background
The conductive concrete is applied to more and more fields, and the characteristics of the conductive concrete, the electric heating performance, the electromagnetic effect stress-electric correlation and the like are gradually and fully utilized to serve engineering. Therefore, it is necessary to find out a superior value of characteristics such as strength and electrical correlation thereof at a certain quota ratio so as to obtain a higher utility value. In actual engineering, the load measurement of concrete and the electrical correlation measurement of concrete can be solved, but the technicians measure the load and the electrical correlation measurement of concrete step by step.
There are two inconveniences with step-wise measurement:
1. this measurement should be averaged by multiple sets of measurements, so separate measurements would result in more complicated steps and more labor.
2. The optimal value section of the conductive concrete with simultaneous loading and electrical correlation cannot be obtained through step-by-step measurement, and the limitation is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for testing the resistivity of the conductive concrete in the loading process, which is simple and simultaneously loads and measures the electrical characteristics, aiming at the current situation of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for testing the resistivity of conductive concrete in a loading process is provided, a concrete test block can be loaded, and a circuit characteristic value can be measured at the same time, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, preparing a conductive concrete test piece, and carrying out the test piece forming, demoulding and daily maintenance processes;
s2, converting the common 220V alternating current into a direct current voltage value required by the test through a transformation system formed by an adjustable steady-flow transformer and a rectifier, and connecting the conductive concrete test piece with the transformation system according to a four-stage circuit;
s3, placing the test piece on a loading platform, enabling the electrode-free surface of the test piece to face the loading jack, starting a test power supply and a loading platform power supply, and preparing to load for measurement;
s4, starting testing, wherein the test piece is damaged to cause the change of the resistance of the test piece, so that the measurement data of a voltmeter and an ammeter need to be derived in real time, and the change curve of the resistivity of the test piece is obtained according to the formula = UA/IL in the later period, wherein U is voltage, I is current, A is the cross-sectional area of the test piece manually input, and L is the length of the test piece manually input;
s5, loading the test piece by using a universal loading machine, and drawing a stress change curve of the test piece by using computer software;
and S6, testing the three test pieces with the same mixing ratio, taking the average value of the resistivity, reducing the error, and fitting the curve of the resistivity change and the stress change in the loading process.
Preferably, the preparation process of the conductive concrete test piece is as follows:
s1-1, weighing the raw materials according to the specified mixing ratio, pouring the raw materials into a concrete mixer, and uniformly stirring;
s1-2, pouring the stirred concrete slurry into a test mould, welding electric wires on four steel wire mesh electrodes A, B, C, D in the vibrating process, and embedding the electric wires into a test piece in parallel at equal intervals;
and S1-3, forming, removing the mold and performing daily maintenance.
Preferably, the circuit connecting step is as follows:
s2-1, connecting the live wire output end of the transformation system to the electrode A, connecting the zero wire output end to the negative electrode of the ammeter, and connecting the positive electrode of the ammeter to the electrode D;
s2-2: connecting the red and black pens of the voltmeter to the electrode B, C to ensure that the current value and the voltage value can be normally measured in subsequent tests;
s2-3: the exposed part of the electric conduction is covered by the insulating tape, so that the experimental safety is ensured.
Preferably, the raw materials include cement, fine sand, gravel, water, slag, steel slag, and graphite.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can solve the problems that the conductive concrete is complicated to measure step by step and the optimal value section of the conductive concrete with the simultaneous existence of the loading and the electrical correlation cannot be measured in the prior art. Compared with the conventional step measurement, the method has the characteristics of small measurement error and simplicity and convenience, and can obtain more reliable data comparison by performing multiple groups of repeated measurements in a shorter time and verifying and comparing the measurement results, thereby reducing the workload of measurement of people.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a quadrupole method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit component connection diagram according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for testing the resistivity of conductive concrete in a loading process is provided, a concrete test block can be loaded, and a circuit characteristic value can be measured at the same time, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, preparing a conductive concrete test piece, and carrying out the test piece forming, demoulding and daily maintenance processes;
s2, converting the common 220V alternating current into a direct current voltage value required by the test through a transformation system formed by an adjustable steady-flow transformer and a rectifier, and connecting the conductive concrete test piece with the transformation system according to a four-stage circuit;
s3, placing the test piece on a loading platform, enabling the electrode-free surface of the test piece to face the loading jack, starting a test power supply and a loading platform power supply, and preparing to load for measurement;
s4, starting testing, wherein the test piece is damaged to cause the change of the resistance of the test piece, so that the measurement data of a voltmeter and an ammeter need to be derived in real time, and the change curve of the resistivity of the test piece is obtained according to the formula = UA/IL in the later period, wherein U is voltage, I is current, A is the cross-sectional area of the test piece manually input, and L is the length of the test piece manually input;
s5, loading the test piece by using a universal loading machine, and drawing a stress change curve of the test piece by using computer software;
and S6, testing the three test pieces with the same mixing ratio, taking the average value of the resistivity, reducing the error, and fitting the curve of the resistivity change and the stress change in the loading process.
In order to optimize the technical scheme, the preparation method further comprises the following steps:
s1-1, weighing the raw materials according to the specified mixing ratio, pouring the raw materials into a concrete mixer, and uniformly stirring;
s1-2, pouring the stirred concrete slurry into a test mould, welding electric wires on four steel wire mesh electrodes A, B, C, D in the vibrating process, and embedding the electric wires into a test piece in parallel at equal intervals;
and S1-3, forming, removing the mold and performing daily maintenance.
The circuit connection steps are as follows:
s2-1, connecting the live wire output end of the transformation system to the electrode A, connecting the zero wire output end to the negative electrode of the ammeter, and connecting the positive electrode of the ammeter to the electrode D;
s2-2: connecting the red and black pens of the voltmeter to the electrode B, C to ensure that the current value and the voltage value can be normally measured in subsequent tests;
s2-3: the exposed part of the electric conduction is covered by the insulating tape, so that the experimental safety is ensured.
Notably, the raw materials include cement, fine sand, gravel, water, slag, steel slag, graphite.
It is noted that
The first embodiment is as follows: electrodes A, B, C, D are equally spaced between the four electrodes.
The method for testing the resistivity of the conductive concrete in the loading process comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly doping 304g of 42.5 g of cement, 747.2g of fine sand, 1100 stones, 190g of water, 19g of slag, 38g of steel slag and 19g of graphite into a conductive concrete test piece with the specification of 100mm by 100mm, and carrying out the processes of test piece forming, demoulding and daily maintenance; converting the common 220V alternating current into a direct current voltage value required by testing through a voltage transformation system formed by an adjustable current stabilization transformer and a rectifier, and connecting the conductive concrete test piece with the voltage transformation system according to a four-pole method circuit; placing the test piece on a loading platform, enabling the electrode-free surface of the test piece to face the loading jack, starting a test power supply and a loading platform power supply, and preparing for loading and measuring; starting a test, wherein the damage of a test piece can cause the change of the resistivity of the test piece, so that the measurement data of a voltmeter and an ammeter need to be derived in real time, and a change curve of the resistivity of the test piece is obtained according to the formula = UA/IL in the later period;
the voltage mean value of the test piece is obtained through the test: 3.63V, the current mean value is: and 0.6A, calculating to obtain that the resistivity of the conductive concrete test piece is 6.05 omega m, wherein the measured value meets the engineering requirement range.
Example two:
the method for testing the resistivity of the conductive concrete in the loading process comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly doping 266g of 42.5 g of cement, 747.2g of fine sand, 1100g of stones, 190g of water, 43g of slag, 37.1g of steel slag and 27.93g of graphite into a conductive concrete test piece with the specification of 100mm by 100mm, and carrying out the processes of test piece forming, demoulding and daily maintenance; converting the common 220V alternating current into a direct current voltage value required by testing through a voltage transformation system formed by an adjustable current stabilization transformer and a rectifier, and connecting the conductive concrete test piece with the voltage transformation system according to a four-pole method circuit; placing the test piece on a loading platform, enabling the electrode-free surface of the test piece to face the loading jack, starting a test power supply and a loading platform power supply, and preparing for loading and measuring; starting a test, wherein the damage of a test piece can cause the change of the resistivity of the test piece, so that the measurement data of a voltmeter and an ammeter need to be derived in real time, and a change curve of the resistivity of the test piece is obtained according to the formula = UA/IL in the later period;
the voltage mean value of the test piece is obtained through the test: 6.12V, the current mean value is: and 0.9A, calculating to obtain that the resistivity of the conductive concrete test piece is 6.8 omega m, wherein the measured value meets the engineering requirement range.
Example three:
the method for testing the resistivity of the conductive concrete in the loading process comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly mixing 304g of 42.5 g of cement, 747.2g of fine sand, 1100 stones, 190g of water, 31.4g of slag, 62.7g of steel slag and 19.95g of graphite into a conductive concrete test piece with the specification of 100mm by 100mm, and carrying out the processes of test piece forming, demoulding and daily maintenance; converting the common 220V alternating current into a direct current voltage value required by testing through a voltage transformation system formed by an adjustable current stabilization transformer and a rectifier, and connecting the conductive concrete test piece with the voltage transformation system according to a four-pole method circuit; placing the test piece on a loading platform, enabling the electrode-free surface of the test piece to face the loading jack, starting a test power supply and a loading platform power supply, and preparing for loading and measuring; starting a test, wherein the damage of a test piece can cause the change of the resistivity of the test piece, so that the measurement data of a voltmeter and an ammeter need to be derived in real time, and a change curve of the resistivity of the test piece is obtained according to the formula = UA/IL in the later period;
the voltage mean value of the test piece is obtained through the test: 4.1V, the current mean value is: and 0.8A, calculating to obtain the resistivity of the conductive concrete test piece of 5.13 omega m, wherein the measured value meets the engineering requirement range.
Example four:
the method for testing the resistivity of the conductive concrete in the loading process comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly doping 304g of 42.5 g of cement, 747.2g of fine sand, 1100 stones, 180g of water, 40g of slag, 32.9g of steel slag and 31.92g of graphite into a conductive concrete test piece with the specification of 100mm by 100mm, and carrying out the processes of test piece forming, demoulding and daily maintenance; converting the common 220V alternating current into a direct current voltage value required by testing through a voltage transformation system formed by an adjustable current stabilization transformer and a rectifier, and connecting the conductive concrete test piece with the voltage transformation system according to a four-pole method circuit; placing the test piece on a loading platform, enabling the electrode-free surface of the test piece to face the loading jack, starting a test power supply and a loading platform power supply, and preparing for loading and measuring; starting a test, wherein the damage of a test piece can cause the change of the resistivity of the test piece, so that the measurement data of a voltmeter and an ammeter need to be derived in real time, and a change curve of the resistivity of the test piece is obtained according to the formula = UA/IL in the later period;
the voltage mean value of the test piece is obtained through the test: 10.2V, the current mean value is: and 0.12A, calculating to obtain that the resistivity of the conductive concrete test piece is 8.5 omega m, wherein the measured value meets the engineering requirement range.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A method for testing the resistivity of conductive concrete in a loading process is characterized in that: the method can measure the circuit characteristic value of the concrete test block while loading the concrete test block, and comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, preparing a conductive concrete test piece, and carrying out the test piece forming, demoulding and daily maintenance processes;
s2, converting the common 220V alternating current into a direct current voltage value required by the test through a transformation system formed by an adjustable steady-flow transformer and a rectifier, and connecting the conductive concrete test piece with the transformation system according to a four-stage circuit;
s3, placing the test piece on a loading platform, enabling the electrode-free surface of the test piece to face the loading jack, starting a test power supply and a loading platform power supply, and preparing to load for measurement;
s4, starting testing, wherein the test piece is damaged to cause the change of the resistance of the test piece, so that the measurement data of a voltmeter and an ammeter need to be derived in real time, and the change curve of the resistivity of the test piece is obtained according to the formula = UA/IL in the later period, wherein U is voltage, I is current, A is the cross-sectional area of the test piece manually input, and L is the length of the test piece manually input;
s5, loading the test piece by using a universal loading machine, and drawing a stress change curve of the test piece by using computer software;
and S6, testing the three test pieces with the same mixing ratio, taking the average value of the resistivity, reducing the error, and fitting the curve of the resistivity change and the stress change in the loading process.
2. The method for testing resistivity of electrically conductive concrete during loading according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation process of the conductive concrete test piece is as follows:
s1-1, weighing the raw materials according to the specified mixing ratio, pouring the raw materials into a concrete mixer, and uniformly stirring;
s1-2, pouring the stirred concrete slurry into a test mould, welding electric wires on four steel wire mesh electrodes A, B, C, D in the vibrating process, and embedding the electric wires into a test piece in parallel at equal intervals;
and S1-3, forming, removing the mold and performing daily maintenance.
3. The method for testing resistivity of electrically conductive concrete during loading according to claim 1, wherein: the circuit connection steps are as follows:
s2-1, connecting the live wire output end of the transformation system to the electrode A, connecting the zero wire output end to the negative electrode of the ammeter, and connecting the positive electrode of the ammeter to the electrode D;
s2-2: connecting the red and black pens of the voltmeter to the electrode B, C to ensure that the current value and the voltage value can be normally measured in subsequent tests;
s2-3: the exposed part of the electric conduction is covered by the insulating tape, so that the experimental safety is ensured.
4. The method for testing resistivity of electrically conductive concrete during loading according to claim 2, wherein: the raw materials comprise cement, fine sand, stones, water, slag, steel slag and graphite.
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| CN113189146A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-30 | 国网甘肃省电力公司经济技术研究院 | Device and method for monitoring ground fissure landslide by conductive concrete grounding network |
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| RU2803500C1 (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-09-14 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Юго-Западный государственный университет" | Method for determining the strength of concrete |
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Application publication date: 20210302 |