CN112430732B - Coking fly ash briquetting and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Coking fly ash briquetting and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112430732B
CN112430732B CN202011322212.3A CN202011322212A CN112430732B CN 112430732 B CN112430732 B CN 112430732B CN 202011322212 A CN202011322212 A CN 202011322212A CN 112430732 B CN112430732 B CN 112430732B
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coking
blast furnace
parts
briquetting
ash
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CN112430732A (en
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孙永波
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Laiwu Iron & Steel Metallurgy Ecological Engineering Technology Co ltd
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Laiwu Iron & Steel Metallurgy Ecological Engineering Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • C22B1/242Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
    • C22B1/244Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/001Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents

Abstract

The invention discloses a coking fly ash briquetting and a preparation method thereof, wherein the coking fly ash briquetting comprises the following components in parts by mass: 80-99 parts of coking dust removal ash, 0.1-10 parts of lean coal, 0.1-10 parts of hematite powder and 2-5 parts of binder. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing, briquetting, drying and screening. According to the invention, the carbon in the coking dedusting ash as a hazardous chemical is efficiently utilized through agglomeration, the blast furnace operation is effectively improved, the fuel consumption for blast furnace smelting is reduced, and the problem of coal consumption index in the blast furnace ironmaking process can be effectively relieved.

Description

Coking fly ash briquetting and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blast furnace ironmaking, and particularly relates to a coking fly ash briquetting and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The blast furnace is used as a main process in the iron making process, has three advantages of high yield, low consumption and economy, and is expected to exist in the steel process unimagingly before the popularization of the industrial application technology of economic new energy in the future.
For blast furnace smelting, the carbonaceous material has four functions of heat supply, reduction supply, high-temperature framework support of a blast furnace charge column and molten iron carburization. The reduction of the blast furnace fuel ratio is always a target sought by the industry, and besides the replacement of coke by a large-proportion coal injection part, the mixed charging of small coke and mineral aggregate into the furnace is also an important technical means. A series of technologies such as carbonaceous pellets, iron coke, and ore coke mixed loading have been proposed since about 2000 in japan and the european union to reduce the blast furnace fuel ratio and further reduce the carbon emission. In China, the method only focuses on ore and coke mixed loading, coke dices (10-15mm) with smaller particle size and ore batches are fed into a furnace together, so that the contact distance between the coke dices and iron-containing ore materials is shortened, the reduction potential is improved, and the air permeability of an ore material layer can be obviously improved; in addition, the reactivity of the small-particle-size coke is higher than that of the large coke blocks, so that the small-particle-size coke is gasified before the large coke in a high-temperature area, the gasification inferiority of the large coke is reduced, and the air permeability of the blast furnace is further improved.
In recent years, the country pays attention to environmental protection, and how to reduce the usage amount of coke as much as possible on the premise of not increasing the coal consumption index is urgent.
The hazardous waste such as coking dust removal ash comes from the environment in the coking process and the ash generated in the coke quenching process, is close to the coke component, and has the characteristics of high fixed carbon and fine granularity. At present, no good treatment method exists for the material. Some iron and steel enterprises use the coking ash as blast furnace injection fuel to enter the furnace, but the coking ash is subjected to high-temperature dry distillation, has high microhardness, is of a sheet structure and extremely poor grindability HGI-40, and even though only 5% of the coking ash is added in the blast furnace injection, the obvious problems of pipeline abrasion and powder discharge gliding can be caused.
If the coking fly ash is used as a substitute raw material in sintering, a large amount of fly ash is taken away along with flue gas when the coking fly ash is used due to the excessively fine granularity, so that the coking fly ash has low utilization rate, deteriorated air permeability of a sintering material layer, increased fuel consumption and other adverse effects.
Therefore, if the coking dust removal ash which becomes a dangerous waste product is taken as a main raw material to be prepared into a product with certain granularity, strength and performance, and the product is mixed with the iron-containing material to be charged into a furnace instead of a coke butyl, the consumption of coal and coke by a blast furnace can be undoubtedly further reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coking fly ash briquetting, which solves the problem that the coking fly ash can not be efficiently utilized at present, and adopts a method that the briquetting made of the coking fly ash replaces a method that coke and blast furnace iron-containing materials are mixed and charged into the furnace, thereby realizing the efficient utilization of resources, improving the air permeability of the blast furnace and reducing the consumption of the blast furnace on coal and coke.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical means:
the coking fly ash briquetting comprises the following components in parts by mass: 80-99 parts of coking dust removal ash, 0.1-10 parts of lean coal, 0.1-10 parts of hematite powder and 2-5 parts of binder.
Preferably, the coking fly ash briquetting has the particle size of 10-50mm, the cold strength of 2000-4000N, the hot reactivity (CRI) of 20-25% and the strength after reaction (CSR) of 60-65%.
Preferably, in the lean coal, Vdaf (volatile matter) is 12-14 wt%; the hematite powder has a TFe >60 wt%.
Preferably, the particle size distribution mass percentages of the coking dust removal ash, the lean coal, the hematite powder and the binder are as follows: more than or equal to 0.074mm 30-50%, 0.074-0.5mm 20-30%, 0.5-1mm 20-30%, 1-3mm 0-10%.
A preparation method of a coking fly ash briquetting, comprising the following steps:
step 1) mixing:
uniformly mixing the coking dust removal ash, lean coal, hematite powder and a binder in proportion, and controlling the water content to be 5-10 wt%;
step 2) briquetting:
pressing the uniform mixture into blocks;
step 3), drying:
drying the briquettes at the temperature of 150 ℃ and 200 ℃ for 1h, wherein the moisture content of the briquettes after drying is 0-2 wt%;
and 4) screening:
and (3) after drying, performing multi-stage screening on the pressed blocks, and using the coking fly ash pressed blocks with the granularity of 10-50mm as blast furnace burden.
Specifically, the preparation method of the coking fly ash briquette comprises the following steps:
1) ingredient selection
The coking fly ash briquetting comprises the following raw materials in proportion: 80-99 parts of coking dust removal ash, 0.1-10 parts of lean coal (Vdaf 12-14%), 0.1-10 parts of hematite powder (TFe > 60%) and 2-5 parts of binder. The particle size distribution of the raw materials is as follows: more than or equal to 0.074mm 30-50%, 0.074-0.5mm 20-30%, 0.5-1mm 20-30%, 1-3mm 0-10%. The yield and performance can be improved by the preferred grain size distribution. The reasonable selection of the lean and lean coal can effectively improve the briquetting strength and improve the granularity composition of the raw materials; the hematite powder is added to improve the reactivity of the briquettes after entering the blast furnace; the binder is selected from organic binder (commercially available), wherein the content of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in the organic binder is 60-80 wt%, such as pelidol, organobentonite, etc., and the addition ratio is 2-5%.
2) Mixing procedure
Uniformly mixing the prepared raw materials by a high-efficiency cylindrical mixer to obtain a uniform mixture, wherein the water content of the uniform mixture is controlled to be 5-10 wt%.
3) Briquetting process
The mixture is hydraulically pressedPressing with 750KN/CM hydraulic pressure2To obtain a wet compact.
4) Drying procedure
And drying the wet pressed block at the drying temperature of 150 ℃ and 200 ℃ for 1h to obtain a dry pressed block, wherein the water content of the dry pressed block is 0-2%.
5) Screening process
And (4) performing multi-stage screening on the dried briquettes, wherein the dried briquettes with the granularity of 10-50mm are finished briquettes, and the dried crushed materials with the granularity of less than 10mm return to the mixing process.
The finally produced coking fly ash briquetting finished product comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c78-85%, SiO24-6%、CaO 1-2%,Al2O3 2-4%,TFe 0-5%,K2O+Na20 to 0.25 percent of O, 0 to 0.06 percent of P and 0 to 0.02 percent of other impurities. The performance indexes are that the cold strength is 2000-4000N, the hot CRI is 20-25%, and the CSR is 60-65%.
Aiming at the coking fly ash, the invention mixes the coking fly ash with sintered ore and pellet ore in a blast furnace for smelting through the optimization of a binder, the optimization of the granularity of ingredients, the optimization of a material formula, a hydraulic cold press molding and a drying process, thereby realizing the high-efficiency utilization of carbon in the coking fly ash as a hazardous chemical, effectively improving the operation of the blast furnace, reducing the fuel consumption for blast furnace smelting and effectively relieving the coal consumption index problem in the blast furnace ironmaking process.
A method for using a coking fly ash briquetting in a blast furnace process specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1) putting the weighed press blocks and coke pieces into a small coke bin according to the working procedure, wherein the total usage amount of the iron press blocks and the coke pieces per ton is recommended to be 10-30kg, the specific numerical value is determined according to the quality of raw fuel fed into a blast furnace and the condition of the blast furnace, and a lower limit numerical value is preferably selected under the condition of poor strength and quality of the raw fuel;
and 2) aiming at the belt feeding system, selecting a corresponding adding strategy according to the blast furnace condition airflow development, and controlling briquetting by setting different iron materials and small coke bin delay time according to different raw material bins and briquetting coke bin arrangement positions. If the air flow at the edge needs to be dredged, the pressing blocks are distributed at the front section of the belt stub bar as much as possible, and if the middle area of the iron material needs to be dredged, the pressing blocks are distributed at the middle part of the stub bar;
and 3) mixing the iron material with the mixture, feeding the mixture into a receiving hopper, and distributing the mixture through a chute distributing system. The strength and granularity of the pressing block are superior to those of the iron-containing material, so that the distribution width of the ore material can be expanded on the distribution strategy by using the pressing block;
and 4) in blast furnace production, a strategy of replacing coal injection amount or reducing coke ratio by pressing blocks can be selected according to cost and blast furnace conditions: if the coke ratio is fixed and the use amount of the briquettes is increased, the coal used for equivalent blowing can be replaced; if the coal injection quantity is fixed, the coke quantity can be used to replace the briquette using quantity. Both strategies can achieve improved permeability and reduced fuel ratio in the furnace under the forward running condition of the blast furnace.
The invention adopts the briquetting to be mixed with the iron-containing mineral aggregate and the coke in the blast furnace process, effectively improves the air permeability of a blast furnace charge layer, can reduce the coal consumption for blowing in an equivalent manner under the condition of ensuring that the coke ratio in the blast furnace is not changed, and can reduce the coke consumption of the briquetting in an equivalent manner under the condition of ensuring the coal injection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention can realize 100 percent recovery of carbonaceous resources by loading the coking fly ash briquette and the iron-containing material into the furnace in a mixing way and achieve high-efficiency utilization in the blast furnace process.
(2) The invention optimizes the granularity, components, process parameters and metallurgical performance of the briquetting material, and finally can realize the performance indexes of 2000-4000N cold strength, 20-25 percent hot CRI and 60-65 percent CSR, thereby meeting the requirement of charging the blast furnace fuel.
(3) The invention optimizes the briquetting process and the blast furnace mixed loading process of iron-containing materials, can reduce the combustion consumption of the blast furnace by 10-30kg by using 10-30kg of briquettes through adjusting the blanking and distributing strategies, effectively reduces the coal consumption of the blast furnace and obviously improves the air permeability of the blast furnace on the premise of realizing the utilization of solid waste resources, stabilizes the smooth operation of the blast furnace, thereby greatly improving the productivity of the blast furnace and enhancing the competitiveness of the blast furnace ironmaking process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the coking and dedusting ash briquetting production process.
Detailed Description
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. Unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features. The description is only for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as specifically limiting the present invention.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the invention adopts a method of charging coking fly ash briquettes into a blast furnace instead of mixing and charging coke and iron-containing materials of the blast furnace, thereby realizing high-efficiency utilization of resources, improving the air permeability of the blast furnace and reducing the consumption of coal and coke of the blast furnace.
1) Ingredient selection
The coking fly ash briquetting comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 80 parts of coking dust removal ash, 10 parts of lean coal (Vdaf 12%), 10 parts of hematite powder (TFe > 60%), and 2 parts of binder (carboxymethyl cellulose and the like). The particle size distribution of the raw materials is as follows: more than or equal to 0.074mm 30-50%, 0.074-0.5mm 20-30%, 0.5-1mm 20-30%, 1-3mm 0-10%.
2) Mixing process
Uniformly mixing the raw materials prepared in proportion by a high-efficiency cylindrical mixer to obtain a uniform mixture, wherein the water content of the uniform mixture is controlled to be 5 wt%.
3) Briquetting process
The mixture is pressed by hydraulic pressure, and the hydraulic pressure is 750KN/CM2To obtain a wet compact.
4) Drying process
And drying the wet pressed block at the drying temperature of 150 ℃ and 200 ℃ for 1h to obtain a dry pressed block, wherein the moisture is controlled to be 0-2%.
5) Screening process
And (4) screening the dry balls in multiple stages, pressing finished briquettes with the granularity of 10-50mm and the compressive cold strength of more than 2000KN into a blast furnace process, and returning crushed materials with the granularity of less than 10mm to the mixing process.
The finally produced coking fly ash finished product pressing block comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c78-85%, SiO24-6%、CaO 1-2%,Al2O3 2-4%,TFe 0-5%,K2O+Na20 to 0.25 percent of O, 0 to 0.06 percent of P and 0 to 0.02 percent of other impurities. The performance indexes are that the cold strength is 2000-4000N, the hot CRI is 20-25%, and the CSR is 60-65%.
Blast furnace process
A certain 2000m3160kg of coal ratio, 355kg of coke ratio and 10kg of coke consumption for blast furnace iron making, the gas flow at the imaging edge of the furnace top is weak for a long time, the utilization rate of the gas at the furnace top is 46 percent, the permeability index is 20, the temperature at the edge of the furnace top is 135 ℃, and the single-day yield is 5450 t. The method comprises the following steps:
pressing the coking dust removal ash with the thickness of 25mm, and adding 20kg of iron per ton without using the amount of coke; the briquetting does not set up the delay and arranges belt stub bar the place ahead in, realizes annular cloth mode through blast furnace cloth chute, does not change the cloth matrix, carries out the cloth.
By using the coking dust removal briquetting, the air permeability index of the blast furnace is maintained at 23-24, the utilization rate of coal gas is improved to 49%, the temperature of the edge of the furnace top is improved to 145 ℃, and two air flows at the edge and the center are obviously generated in the imaging of the furnace top. The coal ratio is kept unchanged at 160kg, the coke ratio is reduced to 340kg, and the single-day yield is 5550 t.
Example 2
The invention adopts a method of charging coking fly ash briquettes into the blast furnace instead of mixing the coke cubes and the blast furnace iron-containing material, thereby realizing the high-efficiency utilization of resources, improving the air permeability of the blast furnace and reducing the consumption of the blast furnace on coal and coke.
1) Ingredient selection
The coking fly ash briquetting comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: coking dust removal ash 99, lean coal (Vdaf 14%) 0.1, hematite powder (TFe > 60%) 0.1, and binder (pelidol) dosage 5. The particle size distribution of the raw materials is as follows: more than or equal to 0.074mm 30-50%, 0.074-0.5mm 20-30%, 0.5-1mm 20-30% and 1-3mm 0-10%.
2) Mixing process
Uniformly mixing the raw materials prepared in proportion by a high-efficiency cylindrical mixer to obtain a uniform mixture, wherein the water content of the uniform mixture is controlled at 10 wt%.
3) Briquetting process
Pressing the mixture by a hydraulic press with a hydraulic pressure of 750KN/CM2To obtain a wet compact.
4) Drying process
And drying the wet pressed block at the drying temperature of 150 ℃ and 200 ℃ for 1h to obtain a dry pressed block, wherein the moisture is controlled to be 0-2%.
5) Screening process
And (3) screening the dry balls in multiple stages, pressing finished product blocks with the granularity of 10-50mm and the compression cold strength of more than 2000KN into a blast furnace process, and returning crushed materials with the granularity of less than 10mm to the mixing process.
The finally produced coking fly ash finished product pressing block comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 78-85% of C and SiO24-6%、CaO 1-2%,Al2O3 2-4%,TFe 0-5%,K2O+Na20 to 0.25 percent of O, 0 to 0.06 percent of P and 0 to 0.02 percent of other impurities. The performance indexes are that the cold strength is 2000-4000N, the hot CRI is 20-25%, and the CSR is 60-65%.
Blast furnace process
A certain 1000m3The long-term coal ratio is 185kg, the coke ratio is 320kg, and the coke consumption is 10 kg. The utilization rate of the top gas is 46 percent, the edge gas flow is good, the permeability index is 13, the temperature of the top edge of the furnace is 95 ℃, and the single-day output is 2800 t. Because of local coal consumption and limited yield, coke supply is also very tight, and the blue carbon is used for replacing anthracite for injection in the early stage, so that serious coal conveying management and abrasion of an elbow valve and a tuyere small sleeve occur.
In order to reduce the coal consumption, 15mm of coking dust removal ash is used for briquetting, the coke consumption is cancelled, and 30kg of iron is added per ton; the briquetting postpones 10s and arranges the belt stub bar middle part in, realizes annular cloth through blast furnace distributing chute, does not change the cloth matrix, carries out the cloth.
By using the coking dust removal briquetting, the air permeability index of the blast furnace is maintained at 14-16, the utilization rate of coal gas is improved to 48%, the temperature of the edge of the furnace top is improved to 110 ℃, and two air flows at the edge and the center are obviously generated in the imaging of the furnace top. The Vickers coke ratio is 320kg, the Vickers coke ratio is unchanged, the blowing coal is reduced to 162kg, and the single-day yield is 3200 t. Realizes the stable and smooth operation of the blast furnace and effectively realizes the reduction of coal consumption.
The method can be realized by upper and lower limit values of intervals of process parameters (such as temperature, time and the like) and interval values, and embodiments are not listed.
Conventional technical knowledge in the art can be used for the details which are not described in the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (2)

1. The preparation method of the coking fly ash briquetting is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 80-99 parts of coking dedusting ash, 0.1-10 parts of lean coal, 0.1-10 parts of hematite powder and 2-5 parts of binder;
the particle size distribution mass percentages of the coking dust removal ash, the lean coal, the hematite powder and the binder are as follows: more than or equal to 0.074mm 30-50%, 0.074-0.5mm 20-30%, 0.5-1mm 20-30%, 1-3mm 0-10%;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1) mixing:
uniformly mixing the coking dust removal ash, lean coal, hematite powder and a binder in proportion, and controlling the water content to be 5-10 wt%;
step 2) briquetting:
pressing the uniform mixture into blocks;
step 3), drying:
drying the briquettes at the temperature of 150 ℃ and 200 ℃ for 1h, wherein the water content of the briquettes after drying is 0-2 wt%;
and 4) screening:
after drying, the pressed block is screened in multiple stages, and the coking fly ash pressed block with the granularity of 10-50mm is used as blast furnace burden;
the coking dust removal briquetting has the granularity of 10-50mm, the cold strength of 2000-4000N, the hot CRI of 20-25% and the CSR of 60-65%.
2. The method for preparing a coking and dust-removing ash briquette according to claim 1, characterized in that in the lean coal, Vdaf is 12-14 wt%; the hematite powder has a TFe >60 wt%.
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190822033A (en) * 1908-10-17 1909-07-15 Adolf Zindler A New or Improved Process of Utilizing Bituminous Brown Coal and Peat in the Manufacture of Fuel Briquettes and Briquettes for Smelting Purposes.
GB119443A (en) * 1917-09-24 1919-01-30 Paul Lamberty Improved Manufacture of Briquettes.
GB731315A (en) * 1952-03-19 1955-06-08 Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks Ag Improvements in or relating to briquetting
US5752993A (en) * 1994-01-21 1998-05-19 Covol Technologies, Inc. Blast furnace fuel from reclaimed carbonaceous materials and related methods
CN110592372A (en) * 2019-09-27 2019-12-20 首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司 Method for preparing sintering fuel by using coking environment dedusting ash and using method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190822033A (en) * 1908-10-17 1909-07-15 Adolf Zindler A New or Improved Process of Utilizing Bituminous Brown Coal and Peat in the Manufacture of Fuel Briquettes and Briquettes for Smelting Purposes.
GB119443A (en) * 1917-09-24 1919-01-30 Paul Lamberty Improved Manufacture of Briquettes.
GB731315A (en) * 1952-03-19 1955-06-08 Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks Ag Improvements in or relating to briquetting
US5752993A (en) * 1994-01-21 1998-05-19 Covol Technologies, Inc. Blast furnace fuel from reclaimed carbonaceous materials and related methods
CN110592372A (en) * 2019-09-27 2019-12-20 首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司 Method for preparing sintering fuel by using coking environment dedusting ash and using method

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