CN112421632A - Nonlinear load power grid harmonic compensation control method - Google Patents
Nonlinear load power grid harmonic compensation control method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution networks, in particular to a nonlinear load power grid harmonic compensation control method, which comprises the following steps: s1: collecting and analyzing operation data of a power grid system; s2: judging whether the power grid system is abnormal according to the operation data, if so, entering a step S3, and if not, ending; s3: a plurality of small power generation devices are merged into a power grid system, and the power grid system is controlled and adjusted; s4: detecting output current pulsation of a grid-connected inverter in the grid-connected process of a power grid system and small power generation equipment, and compensating pulsation power components of grid-connected current; s5: and carrying out harmonic compensation on the power grid system by using a plurality of small power generation devices. According to the invention, the voltage and the power of the power grid system are controlled and adjusted at the same time, and the harmonic compensation is carried out by using the small power generation equipment, so that the dynamic response of the small power generation equipment to the voltage of the direct current bus is improved, and the stability of the power grid system is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution networks, in particular to a nonlinear load power grid harmonic compensation control method.
Background
Harmonic waves in a power grid system mainly come from various self-generating equipment and electric equipment, because a magnetic field generated by the self-generating equipment cannot be a standard sine wave, a voltage waveform generated by a generator cannot be an undistorted sine wave, the current self-generating equipment in China comprises two categories, namely a non-salient pole machine and a salient pole machine, the non-salient pole machine is mainly used for thermal power generation, the salient pole machine is mainly used for hydraulic power generation, the sine wave of the non-salient pole machine is superior to the sine wave of the salient pole machine, when the voltage of the generator at the end is higher than 10% of a rated voltage, the third harmonic wave of the voltage can be obviously increased due to the magnetic saturation of a motor, when the voltage of the power supply side of a transformer exceeds the rated voltage by more than 10%, the third harmonic wave of the voltage at the secondary side can be obviously increased, but because the voltage deviation amplitude of a power grid is, the electric equipment can influence the waveform quality of the voltage of the power grid, and particularly, the nonlinear electric equipment is a main harmonic source of the current power grid, the nonlinear electric equipment is mainly heating equipment such as an electric arc furnace, an electric welding machine and the like, alternating current rectification electric equipment such as an electrolysis device, an electroplating device and the like, inversion electric equipment such as a variable frequency speed regulation device, a variable frequency air conditioner and the like, and switching power supply equipment such as a television, a computer and the like.
In order to solve the above problems, chinese patent CN105870975B discloses a micro-grid structure and a power quality control method thereof, wherein the micro-grid comprises a plurality of distributed micro-sources and a common bus; the distributed micro sources are connected to a common bus in parallel through corresponding feeders, the distributed micro sources are respectively connected with nonlinear loads and linear loads, and the common bus is connected with the nonlinear loads and the linear loads; a first switch connected in parallel to the isolation transformer and controlling an input state of the compensation inverter; a static switch is arranged at the common connecting point; the static switch is a selection switch, and the selection ends of the static switch respectively correspond to the large power grid side and the grounding end; the micro-grid is initially in a grid-connected operation mode, and the compensation inverter is connected with the large power grid in series through the isolation transformer; under a grid-connected operation mode, a distributed micro source adopts a P \ Q control strategy based on grid voltage orientation; under a grid-connected operation mode, the inverter control for compensation comprises harmonic compensation control and public connection point power quality control, the compensation command voltage is the sum of the compensation command voltage under the harmonic compensation control and the compensation command voltage under the public connection point power quality regulation mode, and a PI + repetitive control strategy is adopted for voltage tracking; when the power quality of the large power grid does not meet the requirement, the large power grid enters an island operation mode, and the inverter for compensation is connected with the micro power grid in parallel, so that the function of the parallel active power filter is realized. However, when the scheme is used for grid-connected operation, current pulsation can be caused, low-order harmonic waves can be generated by nonlinear loads in the power grid, the stability of the power grid and the power supply quality of the power grid can be affected, and the power utilization experience is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the nonlinear load power grid harmonic compensation control method which is high in stability and can effectively control the operation stability of a power grid system.
In the technical scheme, a nonlinear load power grid harmonic compensation control method is provided, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting and analyzing operation data of a power grid system;
s2: judging whether the power grid system is abnormal according to the operation data, if so, entering a step S3, and if not, ending;
s3: a plurality of small power generation devices are merged into a power grid system, and the power grid system is controlled and adjusted;
s4: detecting output current pulsation of a grid-connected inverter in the grid-connected process of a power grid system and small power generation equipment, and compensating pulsation power components of grid-connected current;
s5: and carrying out harmonic compensation on the power grid system by using a plurality of small power generation devices.
Through compensating the pulsating power that grid-connected in-process produced to electric wire netting system and small-size power generating equipment in this scheme, solve small-size power generating equipment and to the electric current influence of merging into electric wire netting system, recycle small-size power generating equipment and carry out harmonic compensation to electric wire netting system, both can solve the harmonic problem among the electric wire netting system like this, solve the current pulsation problem of grid-connected in-process again, wholly improved electric wire netting system's power supply stability for resident's power consumption is experienced and is promoted greatly.
Further, the operation data in step S1 includes three-phase load current, voltage, and frequency in the power grid system.
Further, in step S3, the power grid system is controlled and adjusted by the relationship between the dc bus voltage and the power when the small power generation device is in off-grid operation, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein ,UdcIs a DC bus side voltage, PdcFor absorbing power at the side of the DC bus, CdcIs a direct current bus side capacitor.
Further, in the step S4, the output current ripple of the grid-connected inverter in the grid-connection process of the grid-connected system and the small power generation device is mainly used for detecting the current reference value change caused by sudden change of the supply power and the load power in the grid-connected transient process, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein ,Δid and ΔiqAs a direct current component generated during the transient state,
and
is a current reference value, id and iqIs a two-phase current. Therefore, the dynamic response speed of the small power generation equipment to the power grid current can be greatly improved.
Further, in step S4, the ripple power component of the grid-connected current is charge-discharge compensated by the small power generation equipment.
Further, in step S4, the output current of the grid system is used as the current reference value, and the compensation power is calculated by using the current reference value, so as to cancel the grid current ripple generated by the low harmonic and compensate the ripple power component of the grid-connected current.
Further, in step S4, the compensation power is calculated by using the current reference value, specifically, the grid current is decomposed into an average current component and a high-frequency current component by a low-pass filter, and then the compensation power is calculated, where the specific formula is as follows:
wherein ,
and
is a reference value for the grid current,
and
in order to be the average current component,
and
in order to be a high-frequency current component,
and
high frequency ripple current component generated for low order harmonic wave, PSC_RippleFor pulsating power, PSC_TotalIn order to be the total compensation power,
and
in order to be the average current component,
as a component of the current generated during the transient state,
is a high frequency current component, ed and eqFor two-phase voltages of the grid system, id and iqIs the grid system current.
Further, after step S4, a compensation capacity difference calculation is performed, and the specific formula is:
wherein ,SCiFor the total compensation power, S, to be absorbed by the ith small-scale power plant when the compensation capacity is sufficientniRated capacity, P, of the ith small power plantiActive power, Q, for the ith small power plantiThe reactive power of the ith small power generation equipment. The small power generation equipment is connected into a power grid, then the load and the power supply are simultaneously asymmetric, the small power generation equipment intermittently participates in grid-connected power generation, single-phase small power generation equipment with a harmonic compensation function is connected into a regional power grid, harmonic current is adjusted by the small power generation equipment, and different capacities of the small power generation equipment participating in harmonic compensation are different.
Further, in step S5, the power grid system is accessed through the two phase lines of the small power generation device, and the small power generation device intermittently performs grid-connected power generation, so as to change the harmonic current distribution of the upstream line of the access point for harmonic current compensation.
Further, the small power generation equipment is single-phase small power generation equipment with a harmonic compensation function.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects are:
(1) the direct current bus power control is added, and the dynamic response of the small power generation equipment to the direct current bus voltage is improved through the feedback of the direct current bus power, so that the stability of a power grid is improved;
(2) the method has the advantages that the pulsating power generated by grid connection of the small power generation equipment is compensated, then the harmonic compensation of the power grid system is performed by using the small power generation equipment, and the stability of the power grid system is integrally improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a nonlinear load power grid harmonic compensation control method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted. The positional relationships depicted in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "long", "short", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationships in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail by the following specific embodiments in combination with the attached drawings:
examples
Fig. 1 shows a nonlinear load power grid harmonic control method, which includes the following steps:
s1: collecting and analyzing operation data of a power grid system;
s2: judging whether the power grid system is abnormal according to the operation data, if so, entering a step S3, and if not, ending;
s3: a plurality of small power generation devices are merged into a power grid system, and the power grid system is controlled and adjusted;
s4: detecting output current pulsation of a grid-connected inverter in the grid-connected process of a power grid system and small power generation equipment, and compensating pulsation power components of grid-connected current;
s5: and carrying out harmonic compensation on the power grid system by using a plurality of small power generation devices.
The operation data in step S1 in this embodiment includes three-phase load current, voltage, and frequency in the power grid system.
In step S3 in this embodiment, the power grid system is controlled and adjusted by the relationship between the dc bus voltage and the power when the small power generation device is in off-grid operation, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein ,UdcIs a DC bus side voltage, PdcFor absorbing power at the side of the DC bus, CdcIs a direct current bus side capacitor.
In step S4, in the process of grid connection between the grid-connected power grid system and the small power generation device, output current ripple of the grid-connected inverter is mainly detected as a current reference value change caused by sudden change of supply power and load power in the transient grid connection process, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein ,Δid and ΔiqAs a direct current component generated during the transient state,
and
is a current reference value, id and iqIs a two-phase current. Therefore, the dynamic response speed of the small power generation equipment to the power grid current can be greatly improved.
In the present embodiment, in step S4, the ripple power component of the grid-connected current is compensated for by charging and discharging the small power generation equipment.
In step S4 in this embodiment, the output current of the power grid system is used as a current reference value, and the compensation power is calculated using the current reference value to cancel the grid current ripple generated by the low-order harmonic and compensate the ripple power component of the grid-connected current.
In step S4, the compensation power is calculated by using the current reference value, specifically, the grid current is decomposed into an average current component and a high-frequency current component by a low-pass filter, and then the compensation power is calculated, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
wherein ,
and
is a reference value for the grid current,
and
in order to be the average current component,
and
in order to be a high-frequency current component,
and
high frequency ripple current component generated for low order harmonic wave, PSC_RippleFor pulsating power, PSC_TotalIn order to be the total compensation power,
and
in order to be the average current component,
as a component of the current generated during the transient state,
is a high frequency current component, ed and eqFor two-phase voltages of the grid system, id and iqIs the grid system current.
In addition, after step S4, a compensation capacity difference calculation is also performed, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein ,SCiFor the total compensation power, S, to be absorbed by the ith small-scale power plant when the compensation capacity is sufficientniRated capacity, P, of the ith small power plantiFor generating small power for ith stationActive power of the device, QiThe reactive power of the ith small power generation equipment. The small power generation equipment is connected into a power grid, then the load and the power supply are simultaneously asymmetric, the small power generation equipment intermittently participates in grid-connected power generation, single-phase small power generation equipment with a harmonic compensation function is connected into a regional power grid, harmonic current is adjusted by the small power generation equipment, and different capacities of the small power generation equipment participating in harmonic compensation are different.
In step S5 in this embodiment, the power grid system is accessed through two phase lines of the small power generation device, and the small power generation device intermittently performs grid-connected power generation, and changes the harmonic current distribution of the upstream line of the access point to perform harmonic current compensation.
The small power generation equipment in the embodiment is single-phase small power generation equipment with a harmonic compensation function.
In step S5 in this embodiment, multi-resonance control and pulse width modulation are also used to perform feedback tracking control on the grid-connected current of the small power generation device. The sine half-wave waveform is divided into five equal parts, the sine half-wave is composed of five pulses which are connected with each other, the widths of the five pulses are equal and are equal to pi/5, the amplitudes are different, the tops of the pulses are curves, and the amplitudes of the pulses are changed according to a sine rule. The pulse sequence is replaced by the same number of rectangular pulse sequences with equal amplitude and unequal width, the middle point of the rectangular pulse is superposed with the middle point of the corresponding sine equal division, the areas of the rectangular pulse and the corresponding sine part are equal, the variable pulse waveform of a group of pulse sequences is obtained, and the variable pulse waveform and the sine half-wave are equivalent to each other. The proportional resonance controller is adopted to restrain the circulating current, the amplitude of each pulse is equal in the variable pulse waveform, and when the amplitude of the equivalent output sine wave is changed, the width of each pulse needs to be changed according to the same proportional coefficient, so that the pulse voltage output by the variable pulse waveform inverter circuit is the amplitude of the direct-current side voltage in the alternating-current and direct-current frequency converter. The on-off of the switching device of the inverter circuit is controlled in a pulse width modulation control mode, so that pulses with equal amplitude are obtained at the output end, the pulses are used for replacing waveforms required by sine waves, a plurality of pulses are generated in a half cycle of the output waveform, the equivalent voltage of each pulse is sine waveform, and the obtained output waveform is smooth and has few low-order harmonics.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A nonlinear load power grid harmonic compensation control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: collecting and analyzing operation data of a power grid system;
s2: judging whether the power grid system is abnormal according to the operation data, if so, entering a step S3, and if not, ending;
s3: a plurality of small power generation devices are merged into a power grid system, and the power grid system is controlled and adjusted;
s4: detecting output current pulsation of a grid-connected inverter in the grid-connected process of a power grid system and small power generation equipment, and compensating pulsation power components of grid-connected current;
s5: and carrying out harmonic compensation on the power grid system by using a plurality of small power generation devices.
2. The method for controlling harmonic compensation of nonlinear load power grid according to claim 1, wherein the operation data in step S1 includes three-phase load current, voltage and frequency in the power grid system.
3. The method for controlling harmonic compensation of nonlinear load power grid according to claim 2, wherein in step S3, the power grid system is controlled and regulated by the relation between dc bus voltage and power under off-grid operation of the small power generation equipment, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein ,UdcIs a DC bus side voltage, PdcFor absorbing power at the side of the DC bus, CdcIs a direct current bus side capacitor.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein in step S4, the output current ripple of the grid-connected inverter during the grid connection process of the grid-connected system and the small power generation equipment is mainly used for detecting the change of the current reference value caused by sudden change of the supply power and the load power during the grid connection transient state, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein ,Δid and ΔiqAs a direct current component generated during the transient state,
and
is a current reference value, id and iqIs a two-phase current.
5. The nonlinear load power grid harmonic compensation control method according to claim 4, wherein in step S4, the ripple power component of the grid-connected current is compensated by charging and discharging of the small power generation equipment.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in step S4, the output current of the grid system is used as a current reference value, and the compensation power is calculated by using the current reference value to cancel grid current ripple generated by low-order harmonics and compensate ripple power component of grid-connected current.
7. The method for controlling harmonic compensation in a nonlinear load power grid according to claim 6, wherein in step S4, the compensation power is calculated by using the current reference value, specifically, the grid current is decomposed into an average current component and a high-frequency current component by a low-pass filter, and then the compensation power is calculated, specifically, the following formula:
wherein ,
and
is a reference value for the grid current,
and
in order to be the average current component,
and
in order to be a high-frequency current component,
and
high frequency ripple current component generated for low order harmonic wave, PSC_RippleFor pulsating power, PSC_TotalIn order to be the total compensation power,
and
in order to be the average current component,
as a component of the current generated during the transient state,
is a high frequency current component, ed and eqFor two-phase voltages of the grid system, id and iqIs the grid system current.
8. The nonlinear load power grid harmonic compensation control method according to claim 7, wherein a compensation capacity difference calculation is further performed after the step S4, and a specific formula is as follows:
wherein ,SCiFor the total compensation power, S, to be absorbed by the ith small-scale power plant when the compensation capacity is sufficientniRated capacity, P, of the ith small power plantiActive power, Q, for the ith small power plantiThe reactive power of the ith small power generation equipment.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the step S5 is performed by accessing the grid system through two phase lines of the small power generation equipment, and performing harmonic current compensation by changing a harmonic current distribution of a line upstream of the access point.
10. The nonlinear load grid harmonic compensation control method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the small power generation equipment is single-phase small power generation equipment with a harmonic compensation function.
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