CN112418618A - Weight adjustment and dynamic combination method for power quality evaluation of distribution network area - Google Patents

Weight adjustment and dynamic combination method for power quality evaluation of distribution network area Download PDF

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CN112418618A
CN112418618A CN202011240042.4A CN202011240042A CN112418618A CN 112418618 A CN112418618 A CN 112418618A CN 202011240042 A CN202011240042 A CN 202011240042A CN 112418618 A CN112418618 A CN 112418618A
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孙伟
秦丹丹
张淑娟
汪玉
李博
李金中
唐亮
梁晓伟
姜海辉
张路
陶晓峰
吴轲
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Beiming Software Co ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
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Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention belongs to an adjusting and combining method, and particularly relates to a weight adjusting and dynamic combining method for power quality evaluation of a distribution network area. It comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: sampling; step two: setting a threshold value; step three: calculating a weight value; step four: calculating a sum result; step five: and (6) outputting. The invention has the following remarkable effects: (1) the power quality of the power grid is comprehensively evaluated by setting four mutually independent evaluation indexes; (2) by setting the weights for the four indexes, the evaluation result can fully reflect the characteristics of each index, and the overall evaluation is very reliable; (3) by setting a weight dynamic adjustment mechanism, individual indexes approaching the limit of a rated value can be fully reflected, the weight occupied by the indexes with specific measured values close to the theoretical value is small, further balance is achieved between the individual indexes and the overall evaluation, and the power quality of the power grid can be objectively and accurately evaluated.

Description

Weight adjustment and dynamic combination method for power quality evaluation of distribution network area
Technical Field
The invention belongs to an adjusting and combining method, and particularly relates to a weight adjusting and dynamic combining method for power quality evaluation of a distribution network area.
Background
The quality of the power grid is always an important evaluation mode of the power supply effect of the power grid. The specific objective indexes for evaluating the power supply quality of the power grid are slightly different in different transformer areas due to different characteristics of key power utilization users.
In the prior art, the most basic and accepted indexes for evaluating the power quality of a power grid generally include the following aspects: harmonic proportion, voltage fluctuation proportion, three-phase voltage deviation proportion and frequency deviation value. In order to ensure that each index with different dimensions can be evaluated under the same measurement standard, a weight is generally set for the index, and the weighted sum of each index is used as the total evaluation of the power quality of the power grid.
The advantages of the prior art are convenient to calculate, but the defects are obvious, (1) different indexes have different characteristics in different time periods, and the indexes and the weight value cannot reflect the condition that the indexes change along with time; (2) because each index is independent, when one index is larger and the other three indexes are smaller, the overall evaluation result is not serious, but the larger index is about to exceed the rated range, namely the overall evaluation has the characteristic of not showing the serious index.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a weight value adjusting and dynamic combination method for power quality evaluation of a distribution network area.
The invention is realized by the following steps: a weight value adjusting and dynamic combination method for power quality evaluation of a distribution network area comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sampling;
step two: setting a threshold value;
step three: calculating a weight value;
step four: calculating a sum result;
step five: and (6) outputting.
The method for adjusting the weight and dynamically combining the power quality evaluation of the distribution network area comprises the following steps,
the sampling comprises four types of data sampling, namely sampling aiming at the proportion of harmonic waves, the voltage fluctuation proportion, the unbalance of three-phase voltage and the frequency deviation value respectively,
the sampling frequency is carried out according to the requirement, when the time interval requirement of the power grid to be evaluated is very high, the sampling rate is low when the power grid is stable, the sampling rate is high when the power grid is changed suddenly and instantly,
the low sampling rate is that the frequency which is 10 to 20 times of the power grid frequency is used as the sampling frequency; the high sampling rate takes 100-1000 times of the frequency of the power grid as the sampling frequency,
aiming at the proportion of harmonic waves: sampling the electric energy of the power grid, calculating the proportion of harmonic waves, wherein the proportion is expressed by percentage and is sampling data,
voltage fluctuation ratio: collecting the power grid voltage, subtracting the power grid voltage from the standard value, taking an absolute value, then dividing the difference value by the standard value to obtain a percentage value, wherein the obtained percentage value is the content of the sampling of the application,
unbalanced three-phase voltage: the root mean square of the negative sequence component and the positive sequence component of the voltage are used, and the percentage value is the sampling content of the application,
frequency deviation: and collecting the power grid frequency, and using the difference between the frequency and the standard frequency as the sampling content of the frequency deviation, wherein the sampling content is the absolute value of the frequency deviation.
The method for adjusting the weight and dynamically combining the power quality evaluation of the distribution network area comprises the following steps,
setting a first threshold value line and a second threshold value line for the proportion of harmonic waves, the proportion of voltage fluctuation and the unbalance of three-phase voltage respectively, setting a unique threshold value line for the frequency deviation value,
the first threshold value line of the proportion of the harmonic wave is 0.5 percent, the second threshold value line is 5 percent,
the first threshold value line of the voltage fluctuation ratio is 0.5 percent, the second threshold value line is 5 percent,
the first threshold value line of the three-phase voltage unbalance is 0.1 percent, the second threshold value line is 2 percent,
the only threshold line for the frequency deviation value is 0.2 Hz.
The weight adjustment and dynamic combination method for power quality evaluation of distribution network areas as described above, wherein the third step includes the following steps,
each index is given a weight value of 0.25 when the weight value is calculated for the first time, and the weight values are calculated according to subsequent formulas when the weight values are calculated for the second time and later, wherein the proportion of harmonic waves, the voltage fluctuation proportion, the three-phase voltage unbalance and the frequency deviationThe weight values of the values are respectively marked as S1、S2、S3、S4，
By aiRepresenting the proportion of harmonics of the ith sample, biThe voltage fluctuation ratio of the ith sampling is represented by ciIndicating three-phase voltage imbalance of the ith sample by diIndicates a value of a frequency offset of the ith sample,
with A1First threshold line representing the proportion of harmonics, denoted by A2A second threshold line indicating a proportion of the harmonic;
with B1First threshold line representing the ratio of voltage fluctuations, denoted by B2A second threshold line indicating a voltage fluctuation ratio;
with C1First threshold line, denoted C, representing unbalance of three-phase voltages2A second threshold line representing a three-phase voltage imbalance;
by D1A unique threshold line representing a value of the frequency deviation,
if 0 is less than or equal to ai＜A1Let a'i＝0.1；
If A1≤ai≤A2Then give an order
Figure BDA0002768134470000041
If ai＞A2If yes, giving an alarm to prompt the staff that the harmonic wave of the power grid exceeds the threshold range, and ending the method;
if 0 is less than or equal to bi＜B1Then let b'i＝0.1；
If B is1≤bi≤B2Then give an order
Figure BDA0002768134470000042
If b isi＞B2If so, giving an alarm to prompt the staff that the voltage fluctuation exceeds the threshold range, and ending the method;
if 0 is less than or equal to ci＜C1If so, let c'i＝0.1；
If C1≤ci≤C2Then give an order
Figure BDA0002768134470000043
If c isi＞C2If so, giving an alarm to prompt the staff that the three-phase voltage unbalance exceeds the threshold range, and ending the method;
if d is not less than 0i≤D1Then give an order
Figure BDA0002768134470000044
If d isi＞D1An alarm is given to prompt the staff that the frequency deviation exceeds the threshold range, and the method is ended,
if'iWhen the value is equal to 0.1, then S10.1; otherwise S1The following formula is used for calculation,
Figure BDA0002768134470000045
if b'iWhen the value is equal to 0.1, then S20.1; otherwise S2The following formula is used for calculation,
Figure BDA0002768134470000051
if c'iWhen the value is equal to 0.1, then S30.1; otherwise S3The following formula is used for calculation,
Figure BDA0002768134470000052
if d'iLess than or equal to 0.1, then S40.1; otherwise S4The following formula is used for calculation,
Figure BDA0002768134470000053
when the above-mentioned S1、S2、S3、S4When any one of the S values is not 0.1, the sampling frequency is changed to a high sampling frequency, and when the S value is less than the high sampling frequency1、S2、S3、S4When the sampling frequency is 0.1, the sampling frequency is changed into the low sampling frequency, and the specific numerical values of the high sampling frequency and the low sampling frequency can be arbitrarily selected in the corresponding ranges, but the high sampling frequency and the low sampling frequency are not changed once being determined for executing the method of the application for a certain time.
According to the weight value adjustment and dynamic combination method for power quality evaluation of the distribution network area, the influence effects of the harmonic proportion and the three-phase voltage unbalance are not limited to the sampling data in the period, so that the corresponding S is obtained1And S3If not 0.1, it should be dealt with S1And S3The following calculations are respectively made,
when S is1When not equal to 0.1, the following formula is used to calculate
Figure BDA0002768134470000054
Where S to the left of the equation1Is the updated weight, S on the right of the equation1(i-1)Is the upper period S1S on the right side of the equation1(i)Is the value calculated in the third step in the period, sin is a sine function,
when S is3When not equal to 0.1, the following formula is used to calculate
Figure BDA0002768134470000061
Wherein S on the left side of the equation3Is the updated weight, S on the right of the equation3(i-1)Is the upper period S3S on the right side of the equation3(i)Is S calculated in the step according to a formula3Is also S before update3。
The weight adjustment and dynamic combination method for power quality evaluation of distribution network areas as described above, wherein the fourth step includes the following steps,
the sum is calculated using the following formula
P＝ai×S1+bi×S2+ci×S3+di×S4
The weight adjustment and dynamic combination method for power quality evaluation of distribution network areas as described above, wherein the fifth step includes the following contents,
and D, outputting the result calculated in the step four, wherein the smaller the weighted sum number is, the higher the power grid quality is, and otherwise, the worse the power grid quality is.
The invention has the following remarkable effects: (1) the power quality of the power grid is comprehensively evaluated by setting four mutually independent evaluation indexes; (2) by setting the weights for the four indexes, the evaluation result can fully reflect the characteristics of each index, and the overall evaluation is very reliable; (3) by setting a weight dynamic adjustment mechanism, individual indexes approaching the limit of a rated value can be fully reflected, the weight occupied by the indexes with specific measured values close to the theoretical value is small, further balance is achieved between the individual indexes and the overall evaluation, and the power quality of the power grid can be objectively and accurately evaluated.
Detailed Description
A weight value adjusting and dynamic combination method for power quality evaluation of a distribution network area comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sampling
The sampling comprises four types of data sampling, namely sampling aiming at the proportion of harmonic waves, the voltage fluctuation proportion, the unbalance of three-phase voltage and the frequency deviation value respectively.
The sampling frequency is carried out according to the requirement, when the time interval requirement of the power grid needing to be evaluated is very high, 1000 times of the power grid frequency is generally used as the sampling frequency, and when the time interval requirement of the power grid needing to be evaluated is not high, 10 times of the power grid frequency is used as the sampling frequency. And when the power grid is stable, the sampling rate is low, and when the power grid is changed suddenly and instantly, the sampling rate is high.
The low sampling rate is that the frequency which is 10 to 20 times of the power grid frequency is used as the sampling frequency; the high sampling rate takes 100-1000 times of the frequency of the power grid as the sampling frequency. The specific sampling frequency value can be arbitrarily selected within the above range as required.
Although the sampling frequency may be adjusted as needed, the sampling frequency is not changed once determined for the same evaluation activity.
The sampling content of the method is not directly obtained from the required data, but obtained by acquiring relevant basic data and calculating according to the basic data, and specifically comprises
Aiming at the proportion of harmonic waves: sampling the electric energy of the power grid, and calculating the proportion of harmonic waves, wherein the proportion is expressed by percentage and is sampling data.
Voltage fluctuation ratio: collecting the power grid voltage, subtracting the power grid voltage from the standard value, taking an absolute value, and then dividing the difference value by the standard value to obtain a percentage value, wherein the obtained percentage value is the content of the sampling of the application.
Unbalanced three-phase voltage: the root mean square of the negative sequence component and the positive sequence component of the voltage are used, and the percentage value is the sampling content of the application.
Frequency deviation: and collecting the power grid frequency, and using the difference between the frequency and the standard frequency as the sampling content of the frequency deviation. Since the present application only needs to use the numerical part, the sampling content is the absolute value of the frequency deviation.
Step two: setting a threshold value
And respectively setting a first threshold value line and a second threshold value line for the proportion of the harmonic waves, the voltage fluctuation proportion and the three-phase voltage unbalance, and setting a unique threshold value line for the frequency deviation value.
The first threshold value line of the proportion of the harmonic wave is 0.5 percent, the second threshold value line is 5 percent,
the first threshold value line of the voltage fluctuation ratio is 0.5 percent, the second threshold value line is 5 percent,
the first threshold value line of the three-phase voltage unbalance is 0.1 percent, the second threshold value line is 2 percent,
the only threshold line for the frequency deviation value is 0.2 Hz.
Step three: calculating the weight
And when the weight is calculated for the first time, each index is endowed with a weight of 0.25, and when the weight is calculated for the second time and later, calculation is carried out according to a subsequent formula. The weight values of the proportion of the harmonic waves, the voltage fluctuation proportion, the three-phase voltage unbalance and the frequency deviation value are respectively recorded as S1、S2、S3、S4。
By aiRepresenting the proportion of harmonics of the ith sample, biThe voltage fluctuation ratio of the ith sampling is represented by ciIndicating three-phase voltage imbalance of the ith sample by diIndicating the frequency deviation value of the ith sample.
With A1First threshold line representing the proportion of harmonics, denoted by A2A second threshold line indicating a proportion of the harmonic;
with B1First threshold line representing the ratio of voltage fluctuations, denoted by B2A second threshold line indicating a voltage fluctuation ratio;
with C1First threshold line, denoted C, representing unbalance of three-phase voltages2A second threshold line representing a three-phase voltage imbalance;
by D1A unique threshold line representing a frequency offset value.
If 0 is less than or equal to ai＜A1Let a'i＝0.1；
If A1≤ai≤A2Then give an order
Figure BDA0002768134470000091
If ai＞A2If yes, giving an alarm to prompt the staff that the harmonic wave of the power grid exceeds the threshold range, and ending the method;
if 0 is less than or equal to bi＜B1Then let b'i＝0.1；
If B is1≤bi≤B2Then give an order
Figure BDA0002768134470000092
If b isi＞B2If so, giving an alarm to prompt the staff that the voltage fluctuation exceeds the threshold range, and ending the method;
if 0 is less than or equal to ci＜C1If so, let c'i＝0.1；
If C1≤ci≤C2Then give an order
Figure BDA0002768134470000093
If c isi＞C2If so, giving an alarm to prompt the staff that the three-phase voltage unbalance exceeds the threshold range, and ending the method;
if d is not less than 0i≤D1Then give an order
Figure BDA0002768134470000094
If d isi＞D1And sending an alarm to prompt the staff that the frequency deviation exceeds the threshold range, and ending the method.
If'iWhen the value is equal to 0.1, then S10.1; otherwise S1The following formula is used for calculation,
Figure BDA0002768134470000095
if b'iWhen the value is equal to 0.1, then S20.1; otherwise S2The following formula is used for calculation,
Figure BDA0002768134470000096
if c'iWhen the value is equal to 0.1, then S30.1; otherwise S3The following formula is used for calculation,
Figure BDA0002768134470000101
if d'iLess than or equal to 0.1, then S40.1; otherwise S4The following formula is used for calculation,
Figure BDA0002768134470000102
when the above-mentioned S1、S2、S3、S4When any one of the S values is not 0.1, the sampling frequency is changed to a high sampling frequency, and when the S value is less than the high sampling frequency1、S2、S3、S4When both are 0.1, the sampling frequency is changed to a low sampling frequency. The specific values of the high and low sampling frequencies can be chosen arbitrarily within the respective ranges, but for a certain execution of the method of the application the high and low sampling frequencies are not changed once determined. For example, if the method is executed at a certain time, the low sampling frequency is set to be 15 times of the grid frequency, and the high sampling frequency is set to be 800 times of the grid frequency, then the multiple is not changed any more in the whole process of executing the method at this time; but another time the method is performed, a specific multiple of the high and low sampling frequencies may be reselected.
Because the influence effects of the two parameters of the proportion of the harmonic waves and the unbalance of the three-phase voltage are not limited to the sampling data in the period, the corresponding S is obtained1And S3If not 0.1, it should be dealt with S1And S3The following calculations were respectively made.
When S is1When not equal to 0.1, the following formula is used to calculate
Figure BDA0002768134470000103
Where S to the left of the equation1Is the updated weight, S on the right of the equation1(i-1)Is the upper period S1S on the right side of the equation1(i)Is the value calculated in step three in the present period, and sin is a sine function.
When S is3When not equal to 0.1, use the followingCalculated by the formula
Figure BDA0002768134470000111
Wherein S on the left side of the equation3Is the updated weight, S on the right of the equation3(i-1)Is the upper period S3S on the right side of the equation3(i)Is S calculated in the step according to a formula3Is also S before update3，
Step four: calculating a sum result
P＝ai×S1+bi×S2+ci×S3+di×S4
Step five: output of
And outputting the result of the calculation in the step four. The smaller the weighted sum figure is, the higher the grid quality is, and conversely the worse the grid quality is.

Claims (7)

1. A weight value adjusting and dynamic combination method for power quality evaluation of a distribution network area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sampling;
step two: setting a threshold value;
step three: calculating a weight value;
step four: calculating a sum result;
step five: and (6) outputting.
2. The weight adjustment and dynamic combination method for power quality evaluation of the distribution network area as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the first step comprises the following steps of,
the sampling comprises four types of data sampling, namely sampling aiming at the proportion of harmonic waves, the voltage fluctuation proportion, the unbalance of three-phase voltage and the frequency deviation value respectively,
the sampling frequency is carried out according to the requirement, when the time interval requirement of the power grid to be evaluated is very high, the sampling rate is low when the power grid is stable, the sampling rate is high when the power grid is changed suddenly and instantly,
the low sampling rate is that the frequency which is 10 to 20 times of the power grid frequency is used as the sampling frequency; the high sampling rate takes 100-1000 times of the frequency of the power grid as the sampling frequency,
aiming at the proportion of harmonic waves: sampling the electric energy of the power grid, calculating the proportion of harmonic waves, wherein the proportion is expressed by percentage and is sampling data,
voltage fluctuation ratio: collecting the power grid voltage, subtracting the power grid voltage from the standard value, taking an absolute value, then dividing the difference value by the standard value to obtain a percentage value, wherein the obtained percentage value is the content of the sampling of the application,
unbalanced three-phase voltage: the root mean square of the negative sequence component and the positive sequence component of the voltage are used, and the percentage value is the sampling content of the application,
frequency deviation: and collecting the power grid frequency, and using the difference between the frequency and the standard frequency as the sampling content of the frequency deviation, wherein the sampling content is the absolute value of the frequency deviation.
3. The weight adjustment and dynamic combination method for power quality evaluation of the distribution network area as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the second step comprises the following steps of,
setting a first threshold value line and a second threshold value line for the proportion of harmonic waves, the proportion of voltage fluctuation and the unbalance of three-phase voltage respectively, setting a unique threshold value line for the frequency deviation value,
the first threshold value line of the proportion of the harmonic wave is 0.5 percent, the second threshold value line is 5 percent,
the first threshold value line of the voltage fluctuation ratio is 0.5 percent, the second threshold value line is 5 percent,
the first threshold value line of the three-phase voltage unbalance is 0.1 percent, the second threshold value line is 2 percent,
the only threshold line for the frequency deviation value is 0.2 Hz.
4. The weight adjustment and dynamic combination method for power quality evaluation of the distribution network area as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the third step includes the following steps,
each index is given a weight value of 0.25 when the weight value is calculated for the first time, the weight values are calculated according to subsequent formulas when the weight values are calculated for the second time and the later, and the weight values of the proportion of harmonic waves, the voltage fluctuation proportion, the three-phase voltage unbalance and the frequency deviation value are respectively marked as S1、S2、S3、S4，
By aiRepresenting the proportion of harmonics of the ith sample, biThe voltage fluctuation ratio of the ith sampling is represented by ciIndicating three-phase voltage imbalance of the ith sample by diIndicates a value of a frequency offset of the ith sample,
with A1First threshold line representing the proportion of harmonics, denoted by A2A second threshold line indicating a proportion of the harmonic;
with B1First threshold line representing the ratio of voltage fluctuations, denoted by B2A second threshold line indicating a voltage fluctuation ratio;
with C1First threshold line, denoted C, representing unbalance of three-phase voltages2A second threshold line representing a three-phase voltage imbalance;
by D1A unique threshold line representing a value of the frequency deviation,
if 0 is less than or equal to ai<A1Let a'i＝0.1；
If A1≤ai≤A2Then give an order
Figure FDA0002768134460000031
If ai＞A2If yes, giving an alarm to prompt the staff that the harmonic wave of the power grid exceeds the threshold range, and ending the method;
if 0 is less than or equal to bi<B1Then let b'i＝0.1；
If B is1≤bi≤B2Then give an order
Figure FDA0002768134460000032
If b isi＞B2If so, giving an alarm to prompt the staff that the voltage fluctuation exceeds the threshold range, and ending the method;
if 0 is less than or equal to ci<C1If so, let c'i＝0.1；
If C1≤ci≤C2Then give an order
Figure FDA0002768134460000033
If c isi＞C2If so, giving an alarm to prompt the staff that the three-phase voltage unbalance exceeds the threshold range, and ending the method;
if d is not less than 0i≤D1Then give an order
Figure FDA0002768134460000034
If d isi＞D1An alarm is given to prompt the staff that the frequency deviation exceeds the threshold range, and the method is ended,
if'iWhen the value is equal to 0.1, then S10.1; otherwise S1The following formula is used for calculation,
Figure FDA0002768134460000035
if b'iWhen the value is equal to 0.1, then S20.1; otherwise S2The following formula is used for calculation,
Figure FDA0002768134460000041
if c'iWhen the value is equal to 0.1, then S30.1; otherwise S3The following formula is used for calculation,
Figure FDA0002768134460000042
if d'iLess than or equal to 0.1, then S40.1; otherwise S4The following formula is used for calculation,
Figure FDA0002768134460000043
when the above-mentioned S1、S2、S3、S4When any one of the S values is not 0.1, the sampling frequency is changed to a high sampling frequency, and when the S value is less than the high sampling frequency1、S2、S3、S4When the sampling frequency is 0.1, the sampling frequency is changed into the low sampling frequency, and the specific numerical values of the high sampling frequency and the low sampling frequency can be arbitrarily selected in the corresponding ranges, but the high sampling frequency and the low sampling frequency are not changed once being determined for executing the method of the application for a certain time.
5. The weight adjustment and dynamic combination method for power quality evaluation of the distribution network area as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: because the influence effects of the two parameters of the proportion of the harmonic waves and the unbalance of the three-phase voltage are not limited to the sampling data in the period, the corresponding S is obtained1And S3If not 0.1, it should be dealt with S1And S3The following calculations are respectively made,
when S is1When not equal to 0.1, the following formula is used to calculate
Figure FDA0002768134460000044
Where S to the left of the equation1Is the updated weight, S on the right of the equation1(i-1)Is the upper period S1S on the right side of the equation1(i)Is the value calculated in the third step in the period, sin is a sine function,
when S is3When not equal to 0.1, the following formula is used to calculate
Figure FDA0002768134460000051
Wherein S on the left side of the equation3Is the updated weight, S on the right of the equation3(i-1)Is the upper period S3S on the right side of the equation3(i)Is S calculated in the step according to a formula3Is also S before update3。
6. The weight adjustment and dynamic combination method for power quality evaluation of the distribution network area as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the fourth step includes the following steps,
the sum is calculated using the following formula
P＝ai×S1+bi×S2+ci×S3+di×S4
7. The weight adjustment and dynamic combination method for power quality evaluation of the distribution network area as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the fifth step includes the following steps,
and D, outputting the result calculated in the step four, wherein the smaller the weighted sum number is, the higher the power grid quality is, and otherwise, the worse the power grid quality is.
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