CN112406756A - Anticollision roof beam assembly based on jump single cell structure of bullet - Google Patents
Anticollision roof beam assembly based on jump single cell structure of bullet Download PDFInfo
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- CN112406756A CN112406756A CN202011386467.6A CN202011386467A CN112406756A CN 112406756 A CN112406756 A CN 112406756A CN 202011386467 A CN202011386467 A CN 202011386467A CN 112406756 A CN112406756 A CN 112406756A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/023—Details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/18—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
- B60R19/26—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means
- B60R19/34—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means destroyed upon impact, e.g. one-shot type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R2019/026—Buffers, i.e. bumpers of limited extent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/18—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact
- B60R2019/1806—Structural beams therefor, e.g. shock-absorbing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
- B60R2019/247—Fastening of bumpers' side ends
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Abstract
The invention provides an anti-collision beam assembly based on a sudden-elastic-jump single-cell structure, which comprises an arc-shaped anti-collision beam, an energy absorption box, an installation plate, a biaxial single-cell structure and a uniaxial single-cell structure, wherein two ends of the arc-shaped anti-collision beam are respectively and fixedly connected with the energy absorption box, the energy absorption box is connected with the installation plate, the anti-collision beam assembly is installed on a front longitudinal beam of an automobile through the installation plate, the biaxial single-cell structure with the sudden-elastic-jump property is filled in the arc-shaped anti-collision beam, and the uniaxial single-cell structure with the sudden. The single cell structure capable of bearing two axial loads is arranged in the arc-shaped anti-collision beam, the single cell structure capable of bearing one axial load is arranged in the energy absorption box, the two single cell structures with the sudden-elastic jumping property are spliced into two multi-layer materials, the energy input by collision impact can be converted into the strain energy of the structure, the strain energy transmitted to a cab is reduced, and the impact force is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle collision safety and intelligent structures, in particular to an anti-collision beam assembly based on a unit cell structure of sudden and sudden jump.
Background
The anti-collision beam belongs to a passive safety device of an automobile, is a protective barrier when the automobile collides, and the design of the position and the structure of the anti-collision beam plays a decisive role in the collision safety performance of the automobile. The main effect of anticollision roof beam is the impact energy of absorption during the low-speed collision, protects pedestrian's personal safety, and the transmission route that simultaneously anticollision roof beam should be able to restrain the deformation prevents to extrude engine and oil piping system and causes the secondary accident. In addition, during a high-speed collision, the impact beam is required to absorb energy as much as possible, reduce impact acceleration, reduce impact force transmitted to passengers, and reasonably guide the impact force to the vehicle frame and disperse the impact force to the whole vehicle body. Therefore, the protection requirements of different impact strengths are considered in the design of the anti-collision beam, the rigidity of the front end of the anti-collision beam, which is in direct contact with a collision object during low-speed collision, is smaller, the injury of passers-by is favorably reduced, the rigidity of one side close to an engine is higher, the low-speed collision beam is prevented from generating larger deformation, and the engine, an oil way system and other parts needing important protection are protected. When the collision is carried out at a high speed, the personal safety of passengers is a factor which needs to be considered, and at the moment, when the collision-proof beam is designed, the high energy storage capacity of the collision-proof beam needs to be considered, so that the impact energy is absorbed as much as possible, and the impact force transmitted to a cab is reduced.
The anticollision roof beam adopts the simple steel beam structure of stamping process processing more, and its function is comparatively single to only individual layer protecting effect takes place to warp the back and needs whole the change, and use cost is high. The existing mode for improving the energy absorption characteristic of the overall structure of the anti-collision beam is to fill a honeycomb material with a rectangular cross beam or arrange a buffer block in the anti-collision beam. For example, the invention patent of application No. 201510076507X, which is to increase the flexural rigidity and energy absorption capacity of the structure by filling the inside of the beam with porous tubes, but the increase in flexural rigidity increases the injury coefficient of pedestrian collision; the invention patent with application number 2019102221054 redesigns the whole structure of the anti-collision beam, and improves the whole energy absorption performance of the anti-collision beam by adding the buffer block in the anti-collision beam, but the structure of the invention patent is too complex, and except the buffer block, the rigidity of other parts is higher, the buffer performance is poorer, and the hazard is larger during high-speed collision; according to the invention patent with the application number of 201710065664X, the multi-stable curved beam is filled in the beam, so that the integral energy absorption capacity of the anti-collision beam is effectively improved, and the anti-collision beam assembly has good reusable characteristic under the condition of small deformation. In addition, the single-cell structure adopted by the invention can only bear compressive load, so that the anti-collision beam can only absorb energy in one direction after collision.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an anti-collision beam assembly based on a unit cell structure of sudden jump.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
an impact beam assembly based on a jump-jump unit cell structure, comprising: the energy-absorbing structure comprises an arc-shaped anti-collision beam (1), an energy-absorbing box (2), a mounting plate (3), a biaxial unit cell structure (4) and a uniaxial unit cell structure (5); two ends of the arc-shaped anti-collision beam (1) are respectively and fixedly connected with the energy absorption boxes (2), and the energy absorption boxes (2) are connected with the mounting plate (3); the arc-shaped anti-collision beam (1) is provided with a sudden-elastic jumping structure and filled with an array type multi-level sudden-elastic jumping biaxial single-axis structure (4), two groups of crossed curved beams arranged in the horizontal direction of the biaxial single-axis structure (4) can be overlapped through translation, and two groups of crossed curved beams arranged in the vertical direction meet the symmetry relation; the energy absorption box (2) is provided with a sudden-elastic jump structure and is filled with an array type multi-level sudden-elastic jump single-axial unit cell structure (5), and two groups of crossed curved beams arranged in the single-axial unit cell structure (5) can be overlapped through translation.
The biaxial single-cell structure (4) comprises a supporting structure (4-1), 4 groups of first crossed curved beams (4-2) with sudden-elastic-jump properties and first connecting beams (4-3), wherein the directions of the two first crossed curved beams (4-2) arranged in one axial direction are the same, the directions of the two first crossed curved beams (4-2) arranged in the other axial direction are opposite, and the first connecting beams (4-3) are fixedly connected with the middle parts of the first crossed curved beams (4-2).
In the biaxial single-cell structure (4), different single cells are sequentially connected end to end through connecting beams (4-3), parts without the connecting beams (4-3) are connected in a mode of sharing a supporting structure (4-1), and the connecting beams (4-3) are sequentially connected with the middle parts of crossed curved beams (4-2) to form an array filling structure.
The single-axis unit cell structure (5) comprises a frame structure (5-1), two second crossed curved beams (5-2) with a snap-through property and second connecting beams (5-3), and the two second crossed curved beams (5-2) arranged in one axial direction of the single-axis unit cell structure (5) are identical in direction.
In the single-axial single-cell structure (5), different single cells are sequentially connected end to end through second connecting beams (5-3), parts without the second connecting beams (5-3) are connected in a mode of sharing a frame structure (5-1), and the second connecting beams (5-3) are sequentially connected with the middle of second crossed curved beams (5-2) to form an array filling structure.
The arc-shaped anti-collision beam (1) is of a cavity structure consisting of a movable cover plate (1-1) and an outer cover (1-2), the movable cover plate (1-1) and an array type multi-layer sudden-jump biaxial unit cell structure (4) filled in the movable cover plate have gaps and are not connected, and the outer cover (1-2) is fixedly connected with an outermost layer unit cell of the array type multi-layer sudden-jump biaxial unit cell structure (4).
The energy absorption box (2) is composed of outer plates (2-1), a frame structure (5-1) at the outermost layer of the filled array type multi-level sudden-jump uniaxial single-cell structure (5) is in contact with the outer plates (2-1) and can slide relatively, and a second connecting beam (5-3) at the outermost layer of the filled array type multi-level sudden-jump uniaxial single-cell structure (5) is fixedly connected with an outer cover (1-2) of the arc-shaped anti-collision beam.
The mounting plate (3) is composed of an outer side sliding plate (3-1), a square boss (3-2) and a mounting portion (3-3), the square boss (3-2) and an outermost second connecting beam (5-3) of the array type multi-level sudden-jump uniaxial single-cell structure (5) filled in the energy absorption box (2) are fixedly connected, the outer side sliding plate (3-1) of the mounting plate (3) and the outer plate (2-1) of the energy absorption box can slide relatively, and the mounting plate (3) is fixedly connected with an automobile longitudinal beam through the mounting portion (3-3).
The first crossed curved beam (4-2) comprises an arched beam, a cosine beam, an oblique beam and a spherical segment-like bulge structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention applies the single cell structure with the multi-axial action and the sudden-jump property to the design of the automobile anti-collision beam assembly for the first time, and has the following advantages:
1. the automobile anti-collision beam assembly designed by the invention is filled by adopting two single-cell structures, the multi-level single-axial single-cell structure is filled in the energy absorption box, two groups of crossed curved beams arranged in the single-cell structure can be overlapped by translation, and the crossed curved beams have the property of sudden jump under the action of two loads of stretching and compressing, namely, the automobile anti-collision beam assembly has excellent buffering energy absorption capacity under the action of the two loads. The arc anticollision roof beam packs the multilevel biaxial single-cell structure, two sets of crossing bent beams that this single-cell structure arranged on the horizontal direction can pass through the translation coincidence, two sets of crossing bent beams that this single-cell structure arranged in vertical direction satisfy the symmetric relation, the crossing bent beam that the single-cell structure arranged in level and vertical two directions, give the single-cell structure all have good buffering energy-absorbing ability in two axial directions, wherein on the horizontal direction, the single-cell structure all has excellent buffering energy-absorbing ability under two kinds of load effects of tensile and compression, the single-cell structure has excellent buffering energy-absorbing ability under the compression load effect in the vertical direction. And because the unit cell structure has excellent buffering and energy-absorbing capacity under the action of two loads of stretching and compressing in the horizontal direction, the impact force received in the vertical direction can be transferred to the horizontal direction, and the impact force is quickly transferred to other unit cells by the unit cell at the stressed position, so that more unit cells can participate in energy-absorbing and buffering, the utilization rate of the unit cells in the anti-collision beam is increased, and the performance of the whole unit cell is fully exerted. Compared with the prior art that only single cells near the stress point can participate in energy absorption and buffering, the anti-collision beam assembly can give full play to the overall mechanical property of the structure, enhance the energy absorption efficiency and the structural strength and improve the utilization rate of filled multi-cell materials.
2. According to the invention, two single-cell structures with sudden-elastic jump properties are introduced and respectively used as filling materials of the energy absorption box and the arc-shaped anti-collision beam, and the anti-collision beam assembly can present different coping strategies at different collision grades. When small impact occurs, the stress generated by structural deformation is smaller than the yield stress of a structural material, after the input energy is dissipated, the structure can be restored to an initial configuration, so that the energy is absorbed mainly by the elastic deformation of the structure during the small impact, namely, the input energy is converted into the strain energy of the structure, the energy can be absorbed by the elastic deformation of a buckling step-property curved beam in a multi-level single-cell structure, namely, the external impact energy is converted into the elastic strain energy of a multi-cell structure in an arc-shaped anti-collision beam and an energy absorption box, and then the energy is thoroughly dissipated through material damping. When strong impact is caused, the energy stored by elastic deformation of the structure is smaller than the energy input by impact, the structure must be further deformed, the stress generated by structural deformation exceeds the yield stress of the material, the support structure of the single-cell structure, the first cross curved beam, the outermost layer frame structure and the second cross curved beam are subjected to irreversible plastic deformation, the energy is further absorbed and stored by means of plastic deformation, the impact energy transmitted to a vehicle body is reduced, so that the energy is absorbed by means of two deformation mechanisms of elastic deformation and plastic deformation during strong impact, but the energy is mainly absorbed by means of plastic deformation, the multi-cell structures filled in the arc-shaped anti-collision beam and the energy absorption box are similar to porous materials, the energy absorption capability of the anti-collision beam assembly is greatly improved, and the impact force transmitted to the longitudinal beam and the cab is.
3. The invention introduces single-cell structure with sudden-jump property in biaxial direction, and the multi-level material constructed by the structure can expand the force transmission path, for example, longitudinal stress can also transmit acting force in transverse direction, so that the single-cell structure not near the stress point participates in the buffer of impact force, the mechanical property of the multi-level multi-cell structure can be fully exerted, the integral utilization rate of filling the multi-cell structure is greatly improved, and the energy absorption efficiency and the integral strength of the structure are improved.
4. The multi-cell structure for filling disclosed by the invention applies the concepts of multi-level and snap through, the whole deformation process of the structure is approximately changed from flexible to rigid, and the purpose of protecting pedestrians can be achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a force displacement curve for a single cell structure in which the intersecting curved beams are bistable;
FIG. 2 is a force displacement curve for a single cell structure with a monostable cross curved beam;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-collision beam assembly based on a Pop-Pop unit cell structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an arcuate impact beam in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an energy absorption box according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a mounting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a biaxial unit cell in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a cross curved beam in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a uniaxial cell structure in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a graph of force versus displacement for a biaxial unit cell structure in the vertical direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a horizontal force-displacement relationship of a biaxial unit cell structure in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a force-displacement relationship for a uniaxial unit cell structure in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a multi-level protection scheme for a packed uniaxial cell structure according to an embodiment of the invention;
the energy absorption structure comprises an arc-shaped anti-collision beam 1, an arc-shaped anti-collision beam 2, an energy absorption box 3, a mounting plate 4, a biaxial unit cell structure 5, a uniaxial unit cell structure 1-1, a movable cover plate 1-2, an outer cover 2-1, an outer plate 3-1, an outer sliding plate 3-2, a square boss 3-3, a mounting part 4-1, a supporting structure 4-2, a first cross curved beam 4-3, a first connecting beam 5-1, an outermost layer frame structure 5-2, a second cross curved beam 5-3 and a second connecting beam.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Description of technical terms:
snap through refers to the process of losing stability when the stress in the structure has not yet reached the yield stress of the material, which is manifested as a large geometric deformation of the structure and a sharp change in the structural rigidity.
Bistable means that the structure has two stable states, which means that the structure does not automatically return to the initial configuration after being deformed to a certain degree.
The monostable structure has only one stable state, and the structure can automatically return to the initial configuration after being deformed.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, which respectively show the force displacement curves when the crossed curved beams in the unit cell structure are bistable and monostable, respectively, both of which can show the property of snap-through.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic structural diagram of an impact beam assembly based on a hopping unit cell structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the impact beam assembly includes: the energy-absorbing structure comprises an arc-shaped anti-collision beam 1, an energy-absorbing box 2, a mounting plate 3, a biaxial unit cell structure 4 and a uniaxial unit cell structure 5, wherein two ends of the arc-shaped anti-collision beam 1 are fixedly connected with the energy-absorbing box 2 respectively, and the energy-absorbing box 2 is connected with the mounting plate 3. The arc-shaped anti-collision beam 1 is internally filled with a multi-level biaxial single-axis structure 4, two groups of crossed curved beams arranged in the horizontal direction of the biaxial single-axis structure 4 can be overlapped by translation, and two groups of crossed curved beams arranged in the vertical direction meet the symmetrical relation; the energy absorption box 2 is internally filled with a multi-level uniaxial single-cell structure 5, and two groups of crossed curved beams arranged in the uniaxial single-cell structure 5 can be overlapped through translation; the integral structure formed by the arc-shaped anti-collision beam 1, the energy absorption box 2, the mounting plate 3, the biaxial unit cell structure 4 and the uniaxial unit cell structure 5 is an anti-collision beam assembly with a stable configuration.
As shown in fig. 4, the arc-shaped anti-collision beam 1 is a cavity structure composed of a movable cover plate 1-1 and an outer cover 1-2, the movable cover plate 1-1 has a gap with a first connecting beam 4-3 of a multi-level biaxial unit-cell structure 4 filled therein, and is not connected, and the outer cover 1-2 is fixedly connected with an outermost unit cell of the filled array type multi-level sudden-jump biaxial unit-cell structure 4.
As shown in fig. 5, the energy absorption box 2 is a hollow structure formed by splicing outer plates 2-1, and is filled with an array type multi-level sudden-jump uniaxial single-cell structure 5, a frame structure 5-1 at the outermost layer of the filled array type multi-level sudden-jump uniaxial single-cell structure 5 is in contact with the outer plates 2-1 and can slide relatively, and a first connecting beam 5-3 at the outermost layer of the filled array type multi-level sudden-jump uniaxial single-cell structure 5 is fixedly connected with an outer cover 1-2 of an arc-shaped anti-collision beam.
As shown in fig. 6, the mounting plate 3 is composed of an outer sliding plate 3-1, a square boss 3-2 and a mounting portion 3-3, the square boss 3-2 is fixedly connected with a second connecting beam 5-3 at the outermost layer of a multi-level single-axial unit cell structure 5 filled in the energy absorption box 2, the outer sliding plate 3-1 and the outer plate 2-1 of the mounting plate 3 can slide relatively, and the mounting plate 3 is fixedly connected with an automobile longitudinal beam through the mounting portion 3-3.
As shown in fig. 7, the biaxial single-cell structure 4 includes a supporting structure 4-1, 4 sets of crossed curved beams 4-2 with jump-jump characteristics and a connecting beam 4-3, two crossed curved beams 4-2 arranged in one axial direction of the biaxial single-cell structure 4 have the same direction, two crossed curved beams 4-2 arranged in the other axial direction have opposite directions, and the connecting beam 4-3 is connected with the middle of the crossed curved beam 4-2.
Two crossed curved beams 4-2 which are arranged in the vertical direction of a biaxial unit cell structure 4 filled in the arc-shaped anti-collision beam 1 are opposite in direction, and the arrangement form of the crossed curved beams can increase the energy absorption during the impact in the vertical direction, and in addition, the energy can be locked into the elastic strain energy of the structure by virtue of the bistable property of the crossed curved beams, so that the structure rebound is prevented, and the energy transmitted to the energy absorption box can also be reduced.
The two crossed curved beams 4-2 arranged in the horizontal direction of the biaxial single-cell structure 4 filled in the arc-shaped anti-collision beam 1 have the same direction, which shows that the biaxial single-cell structure can show bistable property when bearing two loads of tension and compression in the horizontal direction, can absorb impact energy and transmit force in the horizontal direction, and can lock the energy in the deformation of the structure to prevent the structure from rebounding. When bearing impact load, the multi-level biaxial single-cell structure can rapidly transmit impact force to other single cells from the single cells at the stressed position, fully exerts the overall mechanical property of the structure, enhances the energy absorption efficiency and the structural strength, and improves the utilization rate of the filled multi-cell material.
As shown in fig. 8, the crossed curved beam is formed by two curved beams crossed in the middle, the curved beam has a sudden-elastic jump property, a force-displacement curve of the curved beam is required to be designed to have a negative stiffness section, and the existence of the negative stiffness section indicates that the curved beam has good buffering and energy absorbing characteristics. The curved beam with the snap-through property can be designed into a monostable state and a bistable state according to requirements, the monostable curved beam has good automatic recovery characteristic, and the curved beam can automatically recover to an initial configuration after being deformed under small impact. The bistable curved beam has two stable states, and can convert the energy input by impact load into elastic strain energy of crossed curved beam for storage and enter the second stable state to prevent structure rebound. In particular, both monostable and bistable intersecting curved beams are suitable for constructing the first intersecting curved beam and the second intersecting curved beam, and in this embodiment, a intersecting curved beam having a bistable steady-state property is preferable.
As shown in FIG. 9, the uniaxial single-cell structure 5 comprises a frame structure 5-1, two second crossed curved beams 5-2 with jump-jump characteristics and second connecting beams 5-3, the two second crossed curved beams 5-2 of the uniaxial single-cell structure 5 are arranged in the same direction, the arrangement mode can show the jump-characteristic when the two loads are stretched and compressed, can absorb energy more efficiently when impact force is transmitted to the energy absorption box, and can lock a part of the input energy of the impact load in the elastic strain energy of the crossed curved beams to prevent secondary damage caused by structure rebound.
As shown in fig. 10, which shows the force-displacement curve obtained when the biaxial unit cell structure (in conjunction with fig. 7) is subjected to tensile and compressive loads in the horizontal direction. With horizontal to the right as the positive direction, a positive displacement represents an applied compressive load and a negative displacement represents an applied tensile load. When the biaxial single-cell structure is under tensile and compressive loads, the biaxial single-cell structure can show bistable property in the horizontal direction, can bear a certain load and has good energy absorption capacity. When the structure bears the compression load, firstly, along with the increase of the displacement load, the structure counter force is gradually increased to reach a maximum value point of the structure counter force, namely a jump force threshold value of a single-cell structure, then the structure counter force is reduced along with the increase of the displacement load, a negative rigidity section appears on a force-displacement curve, the occurrence of the negative rigidity section avoids the further improvement of the structure counter force, the purpose of protecting pedestrians is achieved during collision, and meanwhile, the energy absorption rate of the structure is also improved due to the existence of the negative rigidity section. Further, with the application of displacement load, the structural counterforce becomes a negative value, and the occurrence of the negative value of the structural counterforce indicates that the cross curved beam is bistable, and the bistable cross curved beam cannot automatically return to the initial configuration after being subjected to complete elastic deformation, which is beneficial to preventing the structure from rebounding after collision. After the force-displacement curve reaches a minimum value point of the structural reaction force, the structural reaction force is gradually increased along with the increase of the displacement load, the position where the structural reaction force is changed from negative to positive is the second stable position of the curved beam, and in addition, after the structural reaction force reaches the minimum value point, the rigidity of the force-displacement curve is changed into a positive value along with the increase of the displacement load, which indicates that the bearing capacity of the single-cell structure is gradually increased, and the capability of preventing the structure from generating excessive deformation under overload is realized. When the structure bears tensile load, firstly, along with the increase of displacement load, the structure counter force is gradually reduced to reach a minimum value point of the structure counter force, namely a jump force threshold value of a single-cell structure, then the structure counter force is increased along with the increase of the displacement load, a negative rigidity section appears on a force-displacement curve, the occurrence of the negative rigidity section avoids the further improvement of an absolute value of the structure counter force, the purpose of protecting pedestrians is achieved during collision, and meanwhile, the energy absorption rate of the structure is improved due to the existence of the negative rigidity section. Further, with the application of tensile displacement load, the structural reaction force becomes positive value, and the structural reaction force becomes positive value from the negative value, and this shows that the cross curved beam is bistable, and this shows that after the complete elastic deformation takes place, the cross curved beam can not return to initial configuration automatically, is favorable to preventing that the structure kick-back from causing secondary injury after the collision. After the force-displacement curve reaches the maximum value point of the structural reaction force, the structural reaction force is gradually reduced along with the increase of the displacement load, the position of the structural reaction force is changed from positive to negative, namely the second stable position of the curved beam, in addition, after the structural reaction force reaches the maximum value point, the rigidity of the force-displacement curve is changed into a positive value, which shows that the bearing capacity of the single-cell structure is gradually increased, and the capability of preventing the structure from generating overlarge deformation under overload is realized.
As shown in fig. 11, a force-displacement curve of a biaxial single-cell structure (see fig. 7) when a compressive load is applied in a vertical direction is shown, in fig. 11, structural reaction force and displacement are regarded as scalar quantities, and two curved beams in opposite directions are arranged in the biaxial single-cell structure in the vertical direction, so that the biaxial single-cell structure in the vertical direction can only bear the compressive load, but the arrangement improves the energy storage capacity of the single-cell structure when the compressive load is applied, and fig. 11 shows two great jump threshold force points, which indicates that the biaxial single-cell structure has two-stage protection capacity in the vertical direction, that is, in a collision, after a first layer of curved beams is subjected to buckling deformation, a second layer of curved beams can continue to participate in buffering and energy absorption. Furthermore, two negative minima points appear in fig. 11, which indicates that the cell structure has three stable states in the vertical direction.
As shown in fig. 12 and 13, fig. 12 is a force-displacement curve of the crash box under a compressive load, with the structural reaction force and displacement being taken as scalars, and fig. 13 is a force-displacement curve of the crash box under a tensile load, with the structural reaction force and displacement being taken as scalars. The four peaks in fig. 12 and 13 show that the energy-absorbing box has a four-level deformation protection strategy, and according to the collision grade, four layers of uniaxial single-cell structures filled in the energy-absorbing box sequentially generate sudden elastic jump to form four jump force threshold points, so that the action reaction force of the structure is limited near the jump force threshold value, and the force displacement curve of the four layers of uniaxial single-cell structures filled in the energy-absorbing box has five stable position points. When the energy absorption box collides at a low speed, the multi-level uniaxial single-cell structure generates multi-level large-stroke elastic deformation, and meanwhile, the four-level uniaxial single-cell structure can have a stable state after each level of deformation, so that resilience cannot occur. The average structure counter force of the four-layer single axial cell structure is small, the pedestrian protection is facilitated, meanwhile, due to the fact that elastic deformation occurs to the structure, the four-layer single axial cell structure has good capability of restoring the initial configuration after collision, and maintenance cost can be reduced. When the energy is input during large impact and is obviously higher than the energy absorbed by elastic deformation of a multi-level unit cell structure of the structure, the filled uniaxial unit cell structure acts like a porous material, and the energy storage capacity of the energy absorption box can be increased by means of the plastic deformation of the uniaxial unit cell structure.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An anti-collision beam assembly based on a unit cell structure of jump is characterized by comprising: the energy-absorbing structure comprises an arc-shaped anti-collision beam (1), an energy-absorbing box (2), a mounting plate (3), a biaxial unit cell structure (4) and a uniaxial unit cell structure (5); two ends of the arc-shaped anti-collision beam (1) are respectively and fixedly connected with the energy absorption boxes (2), and the energy absorption boxes (2) are connected with the mounting plate (3); the arc-shaped anti-collision beam (1) is provided with a sudden-elastic jumping structure and filled with an array type multi-level sudden-elastic jumping biaxial single-axis structure (4), two groups of crossed curved beams arranged in the horizontal direction of the biaxial single-axis structure (4) can be overlapped through translation, and two groups of crossed curved beams arranged in the vertical direction meet the symmetry relation; the energy absorption box (2) is provided with a sudden-elastic jump structure and is filled with an array type multi-level sudden-elastic jump single-axial unit cell structure (5), and two groups of crossed curved beams arranged in the single-axial unit cell structure (5) can be overlapped through translation.
2. The anticollision beam assembly based on unit cell structure with sudden jump of bullet according to claim 1, characterized in that the said biaxial unit cell structure (4) includes supporting structure (4-1), 4 sets of first crossed curved beams (4-2) with sudden jump of bullet nature and first connecting beam (4-3), two first crossed curved beams (4-2) arranged in one axial direction are in the same direction, two first crossed curved beams (4-2) arranged in the other axial direction are in opposite direction, the first connecting beam (4-3) is fixedly connected with the middle part of the first crossed curved beam (4-2).
3. The anticollision beam assembly based on unit cell structure of jump across in claim 2, characterized by that, in the two-axis unit cell structure (4), different unit cells are connected end to end in turn through the connecting beam (4-3), the part not arranged with the connecting beam (4-3) is connected by way of the shared supporting structure (4-1), the connecting beam (4-3) is connected in turn with the middle part of the cross curved beam (4-2) to form an array filling structure.
4. The anticollision beam assembly based on unit cell structure with sudden jump of bullet according to claim 1, characterized in that the unit cell structure with single axis (5) includes a frame structure (5-1), two second cross curved beams (5-2) with sudden jump of bullet nature and second connecting beams (5-3), and the two second cross curved beams (5-2) arranged in one axial direction of the unit cell structure with single axis (5) have the same direction.
5. The anticollision beam assembly based on unit cell structure of sudden-change of elasticity of claim 4, characterized in that, in the unit cell structure of monoaxial (5), different unit cells are connected end to end in proper order through the second tie-beam (5-3), the part of not arranging the second tie-beam (5-3) is connected through the mode of sharing frame structure (5-1), the second tie-beam (5-3) connects the middle part of second cross curved beam (5-2) in proper order and forms the array filling structure.
6. The anti-collision beam assembly based on unit-cell structure of sudden jump according to claim 2, characterized in that the arc-shaped anti-collision beam (1) is a cavity structure composed of a movable cover plate (1-1) and an outer cover (1-2), the movable cover plate (1-1) has a gap with the array type multi-level sudden jump biaxial unit-cell structure (4) filled therein, and is not connected, and the outer cover (1-2) is fixedly connected with the outermost unit-cell of the array type multi-level sudden jump biaxial unit-cell structure (4).
7. The anti-collision beam assembly based on the jumping single-axis unit cell structure is characterized in that the energy absorption box (2) is composed of an outer plate (2-1), the outermost frame structure (5-1) of the filled arrayed multi-level jumping single-axis unit cell structure (5) is in contact with the outer plate (2-1) and can slide relatively, and the outermost second connecting beam (5-3) of the filled arrayed multi-level jumping single-axis unit cell structure (5) is fixedly connected with the outer cover (1-2) of the arc-shaped anti-collision beam.
8. The anti-collision beam assembly based on the unit-cell structure for sudden changes of elasticity of claim 4 is characterized in that the mounting plate (3) is composed of an outer sliding plate (3-1), a square boss (3-2) and a mounting part (3-3), the square boss (3-2) is fixedly connected with a second connecting beam (5-3) at the outermost layer of the array type multi-level unit-cell structure for sudden changes of elasticity (5) filled in the energy absorption box (2), the outer sliding plate (3-1) of the mounting plate (3) and the outer plate (2-1) of the energy absorption box can slide relatively, and the mounting plate (3) is fixedly connected with the automobile longitudinal beam through the mounting part (3-3).
9. An impact beam assembly based on unit cell structure of projectile jump as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that said first crossed curved beam (4-2) comprises arched beam, cosine beam, oblique beam and bulb-like structure.
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