CN112399268A - Real-time streaming media transmission method and device and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Real-time streaming media transmission method and device and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
- H04N21/64784—Data processing by the network
- H04N21/64792—Controlling the complexity of the content stream, e.g. by dropping packets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
- H04N21/64723—Monitoring of network processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of network load
- H04N21/64738—Monitoring network characteristics, e.g. bandwidth, congestion level
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a real-time streaming media transmission method, a device and an electronic device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: receiving the real-time streaming media and acquiring an input frame sequence of the real-time streaming media; calculating the code rate of the real-time streaming media according to the input frame sequence; identifying key frames in a frame sequence, and calculating the number of unit frames between two continuous key frames; calculating the number of discarded frames according to the bandwidth, the code rate and the number of unit frames among the key frames, and generating a packet loss mapping table; and transmitting the modified real-time streaming media according to the frame loss rule and the packet loss mapping table.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of data transmission, and in particular, to a real-time streaming media transmission method, apparatus and electronic device.
Background
In the existing real-time audio and video communication, a video stream conversion mode that a terminal a transmits uplink to a video server and then the video server transmits downlink to a terminal B is generally adopted, when congestion occurs in a transmission network from the video server to the terminal B, in order to prevent video on the terminal B from accumulation delay and blockage, the terminal a is generally informed to reduce the transmitted resolution and coding rate when the congestion occurs, so that the terminal B can receive smooth video stream. This, while solving the fluency problem, loses video sharpness.
Disclosure of Invention
An embodiment of the present application provides a real-time streaming media transmission method, an apparatus and an electronic device, so as to solve technical problems in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a real-time streaming media transmission method, including: receiving the real-time streaming media and acquiring an input frame sequence of the real-time streaming media; calculating the code rate of the real-time streaming media according to the input frame sequence; identifying key frames in a frame sequence, and calculating the number of unit frames between two continuous key frames; calculating the number of discarded frames according to the bandwidth, the code rate and the number of unit frames among the key frames, and generating a packet loss mapping table; and transmitting the modified real-time streaming media according to the frame loss rule and the packet loss mapping table.
In an alternative embodiment, calculating the code rate of the real-time streaming media according to the input frame sequence includes: extracting unit frames according to an input frame sequence; calculating an accumulated value of a unit frame in unit time; and generating a code rate according to the accumulated value.
In an alternative embodiment, identifying key frames in a frame order and calculating a unit frame number between two consecutive key frames comprises: identifying key frames in a frame sequence; all unit frames between two consecutive key frames are calculated, generating the distance frame number.
In an optional embodiment, calculating the number of discarded frames according to the bandwidth, the code rate, and the number of unit frames between key frames, and generating a packet loss mapping table includes: calculating the difference value of the bandwidth and the code rate; calculating the number of discarded frames according to the ratio of the difference value to the code rate and the number of unit frames between the key frames; and generating a packet loss mapping table according to the unit frame number between the frame sequence and the key frame.
In an alternative embodiment, the frame loss rule includes: judging whether the bandwidth is smaller than the code rate; if the bandwidth is smaller than the code rate, judging whether the current frame is a key frame; and if the current frame is not the key frame, starting to drop the frame until the current frame is the key frame.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a real-time streaming media transmission apparatus, including: the first acquisition module is used for receiving the real-time streaming media and acquiring an input frame sequence of the real-time streaming media; the first calculation module is used for calculating the code rate of the real-time streaming media according to the input frame sequence; the second calculation module is used for identifying the key frames in the frame sequence and calculating the number of unit frames between two continuous key frames; the third calculation module is used for calculating the number of discarded frames according to the bandwidth, the code rate and the number of unit frames among the key frames to generate a packet loss mapping table; and the first generating module is used for transmitting the modified real-time streaming media according to the frame loss rule and the packet loss mapping table.
In an alternative embodiment, the first calculation module is further configured to: extracting unit frames according to an input frame sequence; calculating an accumulated value of a unit frame in unit time; and generating a code rate according to the accumulated value.
In an alternative embodiment, the second calculation module is further configured to: identifying key frames in a frame sequence; all unit frames between two consecutive key frames are calculated, generating the distance frame number.
In an alternative embodiment, the third calculation module is further configured to: calculating the difference value of the bandwidth and the code rate; calculating the number of discarded frames according to the ratio of the difference value to the code rate and the number of unit frames between the key frames; and generating a packet loss mapping table according to the unit frame number between the frame sequence and the key frame.
In an alternative embodiment, the frame loss rule includes: judging whether the bandwidth is smaller than the code rate; if the bandwidth is smaller than the code rate, judging whether the current frame is a key frame; and if the current frame is not the key frame, starting to drop the frame until the current frame is the key frame.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising:
a memory to store a computer program;
a processor configured to perform the method of any of the preceding embodiments.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic scene diagram of a real-time streaming media transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a real-time streaming media transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a real-time streaming media transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an electronic apparatus 1 including: at least one processor 11 and a memory 12, one processor 11 being exemplified in fig. 1. The processor 11 and the memory 12 are connected by a bus 10, and the memory 12 stores instructions executable by the processor 11 and the instructions are executed by the processor 11.
The Memory 12 may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile Memory device or combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic Memory, flash Memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.
Fig. 2 is a scene schematic diagram of a real-time streaming media transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the application scene includes a user terminal and a server. The configuration information may be transmitted between the ue 100 and the server 200 through wireless communication methods such as WIFI, 2.4G, 433M, GPRS (General Packet Radio Service).
The server 200 may be a server, a server cluster, or a cloud computing center, and the server 200 operates a corresponding execution object according to an execution instruction sent by the user terminal 100. The user terminal 100 may be a Personal Computer (PC), a tablet PC, a smart phone, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), or the like, which is installed with an application program, so as to send an external control command received locally to the server 200 and receive data returned by the server 200.
Please refer to fig. 3, which is a flowchart illustrating a real-time streaming media transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application, where the method is executed by the electronic device 1 shown in fig. 1 and used in the interaction scenario shown in fig. 2. The method comprises the following steps:
step 301: receiving the real-time streaming media and acquiring an input frame sequence of the real-time streaming media.
In this step, the real-time streaming media may be a sound stream, a video stream, a text stream, an image stream, or an animation stream. When in transmission, the transmission is carried out in the form of frames, and the sequence of input frames is as follows:
I，P，P，P，……P，I，P，P，P，……I，P，P，P，……
step 302: and calculating the code rate of the real-time streaming media according to the input frame sequence.
In the step, according to the input frame sequence, extracting unit frames, and calculating the accumulated value of the unit frames in unit time; and generating a code rate according to the accumulated value. The data size in 1 second is equal to the Sum (Sum) of all video frame sizes in this second, and the video rate a in this second is Sum 8.
Step 303: key frames are identified in the frame order and the number of unit frames between two consecutive key frames is calculated.
In this step, key frames in the frame sequence are identified, and all unit frames between two consecutive key frames are calculated to generate the distance frame number. The distance of the key frames is equal to the accumulation of the number of all video frames between two key frames in the video stream, and the sum is d.
Step 304: and calculating the number of discarded frames according to the bandwidth, the code rate and the number of unit frames among the key frames, and generating a packet loss mapping table.
In this step, the difference between the bandwidth and the code rate is calculated, the number of discarded frames is calculated according to the ratio of the difference to the code rate and the number of unit frames between the key frames, and a packet-lost mapping table is generated according to the frame sequence and the number of unit frames between the key frames. According to the input 4 parameters: inputting a code stream a, a distance d between key frames, and generating a packet loss mapping table by a bandwidth b which can be sent by a current network: assuming that a is 2500kbps, d is 30, and b is 1500kbps, the number of frames discarded should be (a-b)/a 30 is 12.
Thus, a packet loss mapping table can be obtained, 0-no discard, 1-discard: 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1.
Step 305: and transmitting the modified real-time streaming media according to the frame loss rule and the packet loss mapping table.
In this step, the frame loss rule includes: and judging whether the bandwidth is smaller than the code rate, if so, judging whether the current frame is a key frame, and if not, starting to drop the frame until the current frame is the key frame.
In an embodiment, an index may be set, the initial value is 0, no frame loss occurs between 0 frame and 17 frame corresponding to the packet loss mapping table, frame loss occurs between 18 frame and 29 frame, 1 is added to the index every time a video frame is input, until the next key frame is encountered, the index is reset to 0, and the above process is repeated.
Please refer to fig. 4, which is a schematic structural diagram of a real-time streaming media transmission apparatus 400 according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein the method can be executed by the electronic device 1 shown in fig. 1 and used in the interaction scenario shown in fig. 2. The device includes: a first obtaining module 401, a first calculating module 402, a second calculating module 403, a third calculating module 404 and a first generating module 405.
The first obtaining module 401 is configured to receive a real-time streaming media and obtain an input frame sequence of the real-time streaming media. Please refer to the description of step 301 in the above embodiment.
A first calculating module 402, configured to calculate a code rate of the real-time streaming media according to the input frame sequence. In an alternative embodiment, the first calculation module 402 is further configured to: extracting unit frames according to an input frame sequence; calculating an accumulated value of a unit frame in unit time; and generating a code rate according to the accumulated value. Please refer to the description of step 302 in the above embodiment.
A second calculating module 403, configured to identify key frames in the frame order and calculate the number of unit frames between two consecutive key frames. In an alternative embodiment, the second calculation module 403 is further configured to: identifying key frames in a frame sequence; all unit frames between two consecutive key frames are calculated, generating the distance frame number. Please refer to the description of step 303 in the above embodiment.
A third calculating module 404, configured to calculate the number of discarded frames according to the bandwidth, the code rate, and the number of unit frames between the key frames, and generate a packet loss mapping table. In an alternative embodiment, the third calculation module 404 is further configured to: calculating the difference value of the bandwidth and the code rate; calculating the number of discarded frames according to the ratio of the difference value to the code rate and the number of unit frames between the key frames; and generating a packet loss mapping table according to the unit frame number between the frame sequence and the key frame. Please refer to the description of step 304 in the above embodiment.
The first generating module 405 is configured to transmit the modified real-time streaming media according to the frame loss rule and the packet loss mapping table. Please refer to the description of step 305 in the above embodiment.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, a division of a unit is merely a division of one logic function, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, and for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units through some communication interfaces, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
In addition, units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
Furthermore, the functional modules in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.
It should be noted that the functions, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application or portions thereof that substantially contribute to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
In this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
The above embodiments are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A real-time streaming media transmission method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
receiving real-time streaming media and acquiring an input frame sequence of the real-time streaming media;
calculating the code rate of the real-time streaming media according to the input frame sequence;
identifying key frames in the frame sequence, and calculating the number of unit frames between two continuous key frames;
calculating the number of discarded frames according to the bandwidth, the code rate and the number of unit frames between the key frames, and generating a packet loss mapping table;
and transmitting the modified real-time streaming media according to a frame loss rule and the packet loss mapping table.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating the code rate of the real-time streaming media according to the input frame sequence comprises:
extracting the unit frame according to the input frame sequence;
calculating an accumulated value of the unit frame in unit time;
and generating the code rate according to the accumulated value.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said identifying key frames in said frame sequence and calculating a number of unit frames between two consecutive key frames comprises:
identifying key frames in the sequence of frames;
and calculating all unit frames between two continuous key frames to generate the distance frame number.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating a number of dropped frames according to the bandwidth, the code rate, and the number of unit frames between the key frames, and generating a packet loss mapping table comprises:
calculating the difference value between the bandwidth and the code rate;
calculating the number of discarded frames according to the ratio of the difference value to the code rate and the number of unit frames between the key frames;
and generating the packet loss mapping table according to the frame sequence and the unit frame number between the key frames.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the frame loss rule comprises:
judging whether the bandwidth is smaller than the code rate;
if the bandwidth is smaller than the code rate, judging whether the current frame is the key frame;
and if the current frame is not the key frame, starting to drop the frame until the current frame is the key frame.
6. A real-time streaming media transmission apparatus, comprising:
the first acquisition module is used for receiving the real-time streaming media and acquiring an input frame sequence of the real-time streaming media;
the first calculation module is used for calculating the code rate of the real-time streaming media according to the input frame sequence;
the second calculation module is used for identifying key frames in the frame sequence and calculating the number of unit frames between two continuous key frames;
the third calculation module is used for calculating the number of discarded frames according to the bandwidth, the code rate and the number of unit frames between the key frames to generate a packet loss mapping table;
and the first generating module is used for transmitting the modified real-time streaming media according to a frame loss rule and the packet loss mapping table.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the first computing module is further configured to:
extracting the unit frame according to the input frame sequence;
calculating an accumulated value of the unit frame in unit time;
and generating the code rate according to the accumulated value.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the second computing module is further configured to:
identifying key frames in the sequence of frames;
and calculating all unit frames between two continuous key frames to generate the distance frame number.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the third computing module is further configured to:
calculating the difference value between the bandwidth and the code rate;
calculating the number of discarded frames according to the ratio of the difference value to the code rate and the number of unit frames between the key frames;
and generating the packet loss mapping table according to the frame sequence and the unit frame number between the key frames.
10. An electronic device, comprising:
a memory to store a computer program;
a processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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Application publication date: 20210223 |