CN112394638A - PID fuzzy control adaptive laser power stabilizing technology - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a PID fuzzy control adaptive laser power stabilization technology, relating to the PID technical field, comprising the following steps: (1) generating diffraction light after the laser passes through the AOM; (2) laser enters a photoelectric tube; (3) entering a Digital Signal Processor (DSP); (4) to the amplitude modulation terminal of a Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO). The PID fuzzy control adaptive laser power stabilization technology adopts an embedded technology, applies fuzzy control to laser power stabilization, changes the diffraction efficiency of laser by feeding back the amplitude modulation voltage of the AOM, and further realizes the power stabilization of the laser; compared with the traditional PID, after the fuzzy control is added, the oscillation caused by overshoot cannot occur in the process from closing to stabilizing of the feedback loop, and the time required by the loop to be stabilized is shortened from 4.7ms to 1.8 ms; after power stabilization, the power spectral density of the laser relative intensity noise is greatly improved in the low frequency part, is reduced by 22dB at 1Hz, and is lower than-110 dBc/Hz in a wide frequency range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of PID, in particular to a PID fuzzy control adaptive laser power stabilization technology.
Background
Lasers are widely used in scientific research such as quantum communication, atomic cooling, atomic clocks, atomic interferometers, etc. The power stability of the laser is very important, and particularly in the field of quantum precision measurement, the power stability of the laser directly influences the experimental measurement precision. Therefore, it is very necessary to perform power stabilization on the laser. Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control is a mature control method, and has been widely used in various closed-loop control systems, such as temperature control, flight attitude adjustment control, and the like. The simulated PID is applied to laser power stabilization, closed-loop control is realized by a method of an analog circuit, and the power stabilization scheme does not allow the power of the laser to be adjusted in the experimental process, so that the power stabilization scheme is not suitable for experiments needing to change the light intensity of the laser in real time.
At present, a traditional analog PID control loop usually optimizes a feedback effect by adjusting parameters under a specific environment, and when an external environment changes, previous parameters cannot achieve an optimal control effect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a power stabilization technology of a PID fuzzy control adaptive laser, and solves the problem that the prior conventional analog PID control loop usually optimizes the feedback effect by adjusting parameters under a specific environment, and the previous parameters can not achieve the optimal control effect when the external environment changes.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention realizes the power stabilization technology of the PID fuzzy control self-adaptive laser by the following technical scheme, comprising the following steps:
(1) generating diffraction light after the laser passes through the AOM;
(2) laser enters a photoelectric tube;
(3) entering a Digital Signal Processor (DSP);
(4) to the amplitude modulation terminal of a Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO).
Optionally, the power stabilization technique of the PID fuzzy-controlled adaptive laser includes the following specific steps:
(1) the laser generates diffraction light after passing through the AOM
The diaphragm is adjusted to allow only +1 st-order diffracted light to pass through, and is divided into two beams after passing through the beam splitter prism (BS), one beam enters the photoelectric tube (PD), and the other beam is used for subsequent physical experiments;
(2) laser enters the photoelectric tube
Converting the optical signal into a voltage signal, and converting the voltage signal into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital converter (AD);
(3) into a Digital Signal Processor (DSP)
Then, the Digital Signal Processor (DSP) is used for carrying out operation processing, and the calculation result is converted into an analog voltage signal through a digital-to-analog converter (DA);
(4) amplitude modulation terminal loaded to Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO)
The diffraction efficiency of the AOM is adjusted, and finally the experimental power is stable.
Optionally, the DSP has a high-speed data operation capability, and can perform real-time feedback on power variation of the laser, and an algorithm of fuzzy adaptive PID in the DSP, because the incremental PID occupies a small memory space compared to the location PID, and does not cause the problem of too deep integral saturation, the location PID is adopted, and its discrete form is as follows:
wherein,kin order to feed back the number of cycles,e(k) = s(k) - y(k) Detecting voltage for a photoelectric celly(k) And a set voltages(k) In the first placekDifference at sub-cycle;
optionally, the models of the selected DSP, AD, DA and reference voltage chips are TMS320F28335, LTC2367-18, AD5781 and LT6657-5 respectively; wherein PD INPUT is the voltage of a photoelectric tube in a feedback loop, and the TO AOM port is connected TO an amplitude modulation end driven by the AOM; the voltage of the photoelectric tube firstly passes through a low-pass filter and then enters a follower, and then enters an AD converter after secondary filtering;
optionally, the specific analog-to-digital conversion process is as follows: firstly, a high pulse is sent to a CNV (channel current transformer) pin of an LTC2367-18 by a pin GPIO58 of a TMS320F28335, a DA (digital analog) chip is started, and finally the high pulse is output to an amplitude modulation end driven by an AOM (automatic optical multiplexer) through an OUT (output) port of an AD5781 through a voltage follower; the voltage of the photoelectric tube firstly passes through a low-pass filter and then enters the follower, and then enters the AD converter after secondary filtering.
Optionally, the specific analog-to-digital conversion process is as follows: a high pulse is sent to a CNV pin of the LTC2367-18 by a pin GPIO58 of the TMS320F28335 to start conversion, a BUSY port is pulled high in the period, low level is automatically converted after conversion is completed, therefore, whether conversion is completed or not can be known by detecting the voltage of the GPIO57, and then the conversion result is transmitted to the DSP by an SDO port of the LTC2367-18 to be further processed by an algorithm.
Optionally, the result of the data after being processed by the fuzzy controller and the PID is transmitted to the DA chip through the SPISIMO port, and finally is output to the AOM-driven amplitude modulation end through the OUT port of the AD5781 and the voltage follower.
The invention provides a PID fuzzy control adaptive laser power stabilization technology, which has the following beneficial effects: the PID fuzzy control adaptive laser power stabilization technology adopts an embedded technology, applies fuzzy control to laser power stabilization, changes the diffraction efficiency of laser by feeding back the amplitude modulation voltage of the AOM, and further realizes the power stabilization of the laser; compared with the traditional PID, after the fuzzy control is added, the oscillation caused by overshoot cannot occur in the process from closing to stabilizing of the feedback loop, and the time required by the loop to be stabilized is shortened from 4.7ms to 1.8 ms; after the power is stabilized, the power spectral density of the laser relative intensity noise is greatly improved at a low frequency part, is reduced by 22dB at the position of 1Hz, and is lower than-110 dBc/Hz in a wide frequency range, so that the experimental requirements can be met, time domain measurement results show that the relative fluctuation of the laser power within 3 hours is improved from 0.29% to 0.035%, and the power stability technology has important significance for improving the measurement precision of quantum precision measurement.
The adopted reference voltage chip is LT6657-5, the output standard 5V voltage is used as the reference voltage of the AD chip (LTC 2367-18), while the DA chip (AD 5781) needs positive and negative reference voltages, and a voltage reverser is used for obtaining-5V and connecting the negative reference voltage to the REFNS port; the stability of the reference voltage directly affects the performance of power stabilization, so the voltage stability of the final output port (TO AOM) needs TO be tested (see experimental results and analysis section);
the set voltage for laser power stability is 3.5V, and the experimental result comparison of laser power stability is realized by using the traditional PID and the fuzzy PID. The PD voltage on the vertical axis is the photocell voltage in the feedback loop, and the time required for the loop to stabilize from closing can be obtained by monitoring the voltage at this point. The red curve is a typical PID control curve, and it can be seen that the laser power vibrates with gradually decreasing amplitude near the set point, and the laser power stabilizes after about 4.7ms due to overshoot; the black curve is the control result of the fuzzy PID, and because the three parameters of the PID are controlled in real time according to the state of the system, the overshoot is basically avoided in the stabilizing process, and the time from the loop closing to the stabilization is shortened to 1.8 ms;
placing a photoelectric tube on a light path used for an experiment after the photoelectric tube is placed on a BS, and testing the performance of stable power outside a loop; the power spectral density of the laser relative intensity noise outside the loop, the black solid line and the red solid line are the laser relative intensity noise when no power is stable and the laser has stable power respectively, and the gray solid line is the laser relative intensity noise when the DA outputs a fixed voltage; the laser relative intensity noise is reduced from-88 dBc/Hz to-110 dBc/Hz at 1Hz and reduced from-93 dBc/Hz to-110 dBc/Hz at 10 Hz; within the range of 1Hz to 40Hz, the noise of the relative intensity of the laser is equivalent before and after the power is stabilized for the higher frequency part due to the selection of the bandwidth of the filter before AD, the bandwidth of the photoelectric tube and other reasons, but the noise is less than-110 dBc/Hz, and the experimental requirement is met; the gray solid line is below the red solid line in the frequency range of 10 kHz, which shows that the selected reference voltage chip and the DA chip can meet the requirement of power stability;
from the time domain, the stability of the laser power can be obtained by monitoring the change of the loop external power, and the change condition of the optical power of the loop external laser for 3 hours before and after the power is stable is given. The power relative fluctuation is defined as follows:
i.e. the ratio of the amount of change in laser power to its average value. When no power is stable, the power of the laser drifts along with the time, and the laser floats greatly in a short time; after the power is stabilized, the laser power is basically stabilized at 5.745mW, and the relative fluctuation is improved from 0.29 percent to 0.035 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser power stabilization experimental apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the fuzzy PID algorithm of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power stabilization circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the stabilization process of the feedback loop of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the power spectral density of the out-of-loop detection light versus intensity noise of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the variation of laser power within three hours according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
The PID fuzzy control adaptive laser power stabilizing technology includes the following steps:
(1) generating diffraction light after the laser passes through the AOM;
(2) laser enters a photoelectric tube;
(3) entering a Digital Signal Processor (DSP);
(4) to the amplitude modulation terminal of a Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO).
The PID fuzzy control adaptive laser power stabilization technology comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the laser generates diffraction light after passing through the AOM
The diaphragm is adjusted to allow only +1 st-order diffracted light to pass through, and is divided into two beams after passing through the beam splitter prism (BS), one beam enters the photoelectric tube (PD), and the other beam is used for subsequent physical experiments;
(2) laser enters the photoelectric tube
Converting the optical signal into a voltage signal, and converting the voltage signal into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital converter (AD);
(3) into a Digital Signal Processor (DSP)
Then, the Digital Signal Processor (DSP) is used for carrying out operation processing, and the calculation result is converted into an analog voltage signal through a digital-to-analog converter (DA);
(4) amplitude modulation terminal loaded to Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO)
The diffraction efficiency of the AOM is adjusted, and finally the experimental power is stable.
The DSP has high-speed data operation capability, can feed back the power change of the laser in real time, and adopts the algorithm of fuzzy self-adaptive PID in the DSP, because the incremental PID occupies small memory space compared with the position PID, and the problem of over-deep integral saturation can not occur, the position PID is adopted, and the discrete form is as follows:
wherein,kin order to feed back the number of cycles,e(k) = s(k) - y(k) Detecting voltage for a photoelectric celly(k) And a set voltages(k) In the first placekDifference at sub-cycle;
the models of the selected DSP, AD, DA and reference voltage chips are TMS320F28335, LTC2367-18, AD5781 and LT6657-5 respectively; wherein PD INPUT is the voltage of a photoelectric tube in a feedback loop, and the TO AOM port is connected TO an amplitude modulation end driven by the AOM; the voltage of the photoelectric tube firstly passes through a low-pass filter and then enters a follower, and then enters an AD converter after secondary filtering;
the specific analog-to-digital conversion process is as follows: firstly, a high pulse is sent to a CNV (channel current transformer) pin of an LTC2367-18 by a pin GPIO58 of a TMS320F28335, a DA (digital analog) chip is started, and finally the high pulse is output to an amplitude modulation end driven by an AOM (automatic optical multiplexer) through an OUT (output) port of an AD5781 through a voltage follower; the voltage of the photoelectric tube firstly passes through a low-pass filter and then enters the follower, and then enters the AD converter after secondary filtering.
The specific analog-to-digital conversion process is as follows: a high pulse is sent to a CNV pin of the LTC2367-18 by a pin GPIO58 of the TMS320F28335 to start conversion, a BUSY port is pulled high in the period, low level is automatically converted after conversion is completed, therefore, whether conversion is completed or not can be known by detecting the voltage of the GPIO57, and then the conversion result is transmitted to the DSP by an SDO port of the LTC2367-18 to be further processed by an algorithm.
And the result of the data after being processed by the fuzzy controller and the PID is transmitted to a DA chip through an SPISIMO port, and finally is output to an amplitude modulation end driven by the AOM through an OUT port of the AD5781 and a voltage follower.
In summary, the PID fuzzy control adaptive laser power stabilization technique includes the following specific steps:
(1) the laser generates diffraction light after passing through the AOM: the diaphragm is adjusted to allow only +1 st-order diffracted light to pass through, and is divided into two beams after passing through the beam splitter prism (BS), one beam enters the photoelectric tube (PD), and the other beam is used for subsequent physical experiments;
(2) laser enters the photoelectric tube: converting the optical signal into a voltage signal, and converting the voltage signal into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital converter (AD);
(3) enter Digital Signal Processor (DSP): then, the Digital Signal Processor (DSP) is used for carrying out operation processing, and the calculation result is converted into an analog voltage signal through a digital-to-analog converter (DA);
(4) amplitude modulation terminal loaded to Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO): the diffraction efficiency of the AOM is adjusted, and finally the experimental power is stable.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
- The power stabilization technology of the PID fuzzy control adaptive laser is characterized by comprising the following steps:(1) generating diffraction light after the laser passes through the AOM;(2) laser enters a photoelectric tube;(3) entering a Digital Signal Processor (DSP);(4) to the amplitude modulation terminal of a Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO).
- 2. The PID fuzzy controlled adaptive laser power stabilization technique of claim 1, wherein the PID fuzzy controlled adaptive laser power stabilization technique comprises the following specific steps:(1) the laser generates diffraction light after passing through the AOMThe diaphragm is adjusted to allow only +1 st-order diffracted light to pass through, and is divided into two beams after passing through the beam splitter prism (BS), one beam enters the photoelectric tube (PD), and the other beam is used for subsequent physical experiments;(2) laser enters the photoelectric tubeConverting the optical signal into a voltage signal, and converting the voltage signal into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital converter (AD);(3) into a Digital Signal Processor (DSP)Then, the Digital Signal Processor (DSP) is used for carrying out operation processing, and the calculation result is converted into an analog voltage signal through a digital-to-analog converter (DA);(4) amplitude modulation terminal loaded to Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO)The diffraction efficiency of the AOM is adjusted, and finally the experimental power is stable.
- 3. The PID fuzzy controlled adaptive laser power stabilization technique of claim 2, wherein: the DSP has high-speed data operation capability, can feed back the power change of the laser in real time, and adopts a fuzzy self-adaptive PID algorithm in the DSP, because the incremental PID occupies small memory space compared with the position PID, and the problem of over-deep integral saturation can not occur, the position PID is adopted, and the discrete form is as follows:, (1)
wherein,kin order to feed back the number of cycles,e(k) = s(k) - y(k) Detecting voltage for a photoelectric celly(k) And a set voltages(k) In the first placekDifference in minor cycles. - 4. The PID fuzzy controlled adaptive laser power stabilization technique of claim 2, wherein: the models of the selected DSP, AD, DA and reference voltage chips are TMS320F28335, LTC2367-18, AD5781 and LT6657-5 respectively; wherein PD INPUT is the voltage of a photoelectric tube in a feedback loop, and the TO AOM port is connected TO an amplitude modulation end driven by the AOM; the voltage of the photoelectric tube firstly passes through a low-pass filter and then enters the follower, and then enters the AD converter after secondary filtering.
- 5. The PID fuzzy controlled adaptive laser power stabilization technique of claim 2, wherein: the specific analog-to-digital conversion process is as follows: firstly, a high pulse is sent to a CNV (channel current transformer) pin of an LTC2367-18 by a pin GPIO58 of a TMS320F28335, a DA (digital analog) chip is started, and finally the high pulse is output to an amplitude modulation end driven by an AOM (automatic optical multiplexer) through an OUT (output) port of an AD5781 through a voltage follower; the voltage of the photoelectric tube firstly passes through a low-pass filter and then enters the follower, and then enters the AD converter after secondary filtering.
- 6. The PID fuzzy controlled adaptive laser power stabilization technique of claim 2, wherein: the specific analog-to-digital conversion process is as follows: a high pulse is sent to a CNV pin of the LTC2367-18 by a pin GPIO58 of the TMS320F28335 to start conversion, a BUSY port is pulled high in the period, low level is automatically converted after conversion is completed, therefore, whether conversion is completed or not can be known by detecting the voltage of the GPIO57, and then the conversion result is transmitted to the DSP by an SDO port of the LTC2367-18 to be further processed by an algorithm.
- 7. The PID fuzzy controlled adaptive laser power stabilization technique of claim 2, wherein: and the result of the data after being processed by the fuzzy controller and the PID is transmitted to a DA chip through an SPISIMO port, and finally is output to an amplitude modulation end driven by the AOM through an OUT port of the AD5781 and a voltage follower.
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| CN115185316A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2022-10-14 | 之江实验室 | Intelligent high-precision temperature control method and device based on firework algorithm |
| CN117638621A (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-03-01 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Digital control method for laser power stabilization |
| CN117638621B (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-05-24 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Digital control method for laser power stabilization |
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