CN112394083A - Method and system for evaluating and detecting performance of cable fireproof coating after operation - Google Patents
Method and system for evaluating and detecting performance of cable fireproof coating after operation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for evaluating and detecting the performance of a cable fireproof structure after operation, which comprises the following steps: step 1, collecting a coating on a cable coated with an intumescent cable fireproof coating after operation, marking the coating as an operation group, collecting an unaged coating of a cable sample, and marking the unaged coating as a control group; step 2, carrying out state adjustment in a state adjustment chamber, drying the paint sample, and cooling to room temperature; weighing a paint sample obtained by a set weight, placing the paint sample in a muffle furnace, taking out the paint sample after a set time, and cooling the paint sample; step 3, pressing the coating sample obtained in the step 2 into powder; measuring the volume of the obtained paint sample, calculating the expansion ratios of the paints of the running group and the control group, and further calculating the expansion ratio of the paints of the running group and the control group; and 4, comparing the expansion ratio with the cable fireproof coating failure criterion, and judging whether the cable fireproof coating fails at the sampling moment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cable fire prevention, and particularly relates to a method and a system for evaluating and detecting performance of a cable fire-retardant coating after operation.
Background
The cable fire-proof coating is generally prepared by adding various fire-proof flame retardants, plasticizers and the like into a tertiary acrylic emulsion water-based material, and a uniform and compact spongy foam heat-insulating layer can be generated when a coating layer of the coating is on fire, so that the propagation and spread of flame can be effectively inhibited and blocked, and the cable fire-proof coating has a protection effect on electric wires and cables. For example, prior art document 1 (national institute of fire protection, Sichuan, Ministry of public Security, "a flame retardant coating for cables," CN109370333A.2019-02-22 ") discloses a flame retardant coating for cables, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-25 parts of emulsion, 30-45 parts of polyethyleneimine-coated ammonium polyphosphate, 5-20 parts of pentaerythritol, 10-15 parts of foaming agent, 15-25 parts of expandable graphite, 0.01-0.1 part of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 1-3 parts of dispersant and 1-3 parts of plasticizer.
However, the prior art fire-retardant coating cannot evaluate whether the fire-retardant capability fails after long-term operation. The main problems are focused on: 1) the criterion for evaluating whether the fire-retardant coating fails after long-term operation is lacked; 2) the test parameter setting basis for simulating aging is lacked; 3) the method is lack of evaluation on whether the fire-proof coating to be adopted can meet the fire-proof requirement after operation by aging simulation evaluation before commissioning; 4) the paint is coated on the shipped line for a long time, so that a large amount of samples are not easy to take, and the method before the commissioning in the prior art is not suitable for evaluation and detection after the commissioning.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for evaluating and detecting the performance of a cable fireproof coating after operation, and whether the fireproof coating fails or not is analyzed by adopting the ratio of the expansion ratio of the fireproof coating before and after operation.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme. The invention provides a method for evaluating and detecting the performance of a cable fireproof coating after operation, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, coating fireproof paint for cables on cables, and preparing a plurality of groups of cable samples, wherein each group of cable samples comprises a plurality of cable samples; one group of cable samples are unaged groups, and the other groups of cable samples are aging simulation groups;
step 2, carrying out aging simulation tests on all aging simulation group cable samples, and taking out a group of cable samples from the aging simulation tests in sequence according to set time nodes;
step 3, collecting paint from an unaged assembled cable sample and an aging simulation assembled cable sample taken out from an aging simulation test in sequence;
step 4, placing the paint sample collected in the step 3 in a state adjusting chamber for state adjustment, then drying the paint sample, and cooling to room temperature; weighing a paint sample obtained by a set weight, placing the paint sample in a muffle furnace, taking out the paint sample after a set time, and cooling the paint sample;
step 5, pressing the coating sample obtained in the step 4 into powder; measuring the volume of the obtained coating sample, calculating the expansion ratio of each group of cable samples, and obtaining the ratio of the expansion ratio of each group of cable samples in the aging simulation group to the expansion ratio of the cable samples in the unaged group;
and 6, arranging expansion ratio ratios of the groups of cable samples according to the sequence of the non-aging simulation time and the aging simulation time to obtain a group of cable samples with the ratio decreasing trend inflection point, wherein the corresponding ratio is a cable fireproof coating failure criterion reference value, and the corresponding aging simulation time is a simulated failure time reference value.
The invention provides a cable fireproof coating performance evaluation and detection method after operation, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a plurality of groups of cable samples by using the cable fireproof paint which is not coated, namely coating the paint on a cable, wherein each group of cable samples comprises a plurality of cable samples, one group of the cable samples is an unaged group, and the other groups of the cable samples are aging simulation groups;
step 2, carrying out aging simulation tests on all aging simulation groups, and taking out a group of cable samples from the aging simulation tests in sequence according to set time nodes, wherein the time nodes comprise simulation failure time;
step 3, collecting paint from an unaged assembled cable sample and an aging simulation assembled cable sample taken out from an aging simulation test in sequence;
step 4, placing the paint sample collected in the step 3 in a state adjusting chamber for state adjustment, then drying the paint sample, and cooling to room temperature; weighing a paint sample obtained by a set weight, placing the paint sample in a muffle furnace, taking out the paint sample after a set time, and cooling the paint sample;
step 5, pressing the coating sample obtained in the step 4 into powder; measuring the volume of the obtained paint sample, calculating the expansion ratio of each group of cable samples, and further calculating the ratio of the expansion ratio of each group of cable samples in the aging simulation group to the expansion ratio of the cable samples in the unaged group;
and 6, arranging the expansion ratio of each group of cable samples according to the sequence of the non-aging simulation time and the aging simulation time, and comparing the expansion ratio with the failure criterion of the cable fireproof coating to judge whether the cable fireproof coating fails before and after the simulation failure time.
Preferably, the simulated failure time in step 2 and the cable fire retardant coating failure criterion in step 5 are set according to the cable fire retardant coating failure criterion reference value and the simulated failure time reference value obtained by the evaluation detection method in claim 1.
Preferably, step 2 comprises: and (3) carrying out a humidification simulation test, putting the prepared samples into a constant temperature and humidity box, respectively taking out one group after the first set time, the second set time and the third set time for carrying out the subsequent steps, and putting the samples into a constant temperature and humidity chamber for balancing after the samples are taken out.
Preferably, in the humidification simulation test, the constant temperature and humidity box is set to be RH47 +/-2 and the temperature is 95 +/-3 ℃.
Preferably, step 2 comprises: and (3) carrying out a saline aging resistance test, completely immersing the prepared samples into a glass instrument of saline solution with set concentration, respectively taking out a group of samples for testing after the first set time, the second set time and the third set time, and putting the samples into a constant temperature and humidity chamber for balancing after the samples are taken out.
Preferably, in the brine aging resistance test, the salt solution with the set concentration is a 3% sodium chloride solution.
Preferably, a set of samples is taken in the aging simulation test at 7 days, 10 days and 15 days, respectively.
The third aspect of the invention provides a method for evaluating and detecting the performance of a cable fireproof coating after operation, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting a coating on a cable coated with an intumescent cable fireproof coating after operation, marking the coating as an operation group, preparing a group of cable samples by the same cable fireproof coating which is not coated, namely curing and drying the coating, collecting coating powder, and marking the coating powder as a control group;
step 2, placing the paint sample collected in the step 1 in a state adjusting chamber for state adjustment, then drying the paint sample, and cooling to room temperature; weighing a paint sample obtained by a set weight, placing the paint sample in a muffle furnace, taking out the paint sample after a set time, and cooling the paint sample;
step 3, pressing the coating sample obtained in the step 2 into powder; measuring the volume of the obtained paint sample, calculating the expansion ratios of the paints of the running group and the control group, and further calculating the expansion ratio of the paints of the running group and the control group;
and step 4, comparing the expansion ratio with the failure criterion of the cable fireproof coating, and obtaining the performance evaluation detection result of the cable fireproof coating after operation at the sampling moment.
Preferably, a cable fire retardant coating failure criterion is set according to the cable fire retardant coating failure criterion reference value obtained in claim 1;
if the expansion ratio is larger than the first set value and the operated fireproof coating sample still has expansibility, the evaluation conclusion is to continue the operation;
if the expansion ratio is larger than a second set value and smaller than or equal to a first set value, and the operated fireproof coating sample still has expansibility, evaluating the conclusion as attention, and tracking and detecting at intervals of set time;
and if the expansion ratio is less than or equal to the second set value or the operated fireproof coating sample does not have expansibility, evaluating that the fireproof coating sample fails, and exiting the operation.
Preferably, the coating is taken to the surface of the cable during sampling, and at least three cables are selected for collecting the coating; and calculating the average expansion ratio by using the coatings collected by a plurality of cable samples as the expansion ratio of each group of cable test.
Preferably, the sample is conditioned in a conditioning chamber, dried and cooled to room temperature, which means that the sample is conditioned at a temperature of 23 ℃. + -. 2 ℃ and a relative humidity of 50%. + -. 5% for at least 48 hours; then the mixture is put into an electrothermal blowing dry box with the temperature of 60 +/-5 ℃ for 6 hours, and then the mixture is taken out and put into a drier to be cooled to the room temperature.
Preferably, the crucible is placed in a muffle furnace at 750 +/-10 ℃ and taken out for 15 minutes for cooling, wherein the weight of the crucible is measured to be 0.01 g, the crucible is placed in the muffle furnace, and the crucible is taken out for cooling.
Preferably, the expansion ratio is calculated by the following formula,
N= V/G (1)
in the formula:
n represents the swelling power in ml per gram,
v represents the volume after expansion, i.e. the volume of the paint sample obtained by measuring with a measuring cylinder, in ml,
g represents the mass of the sample, i.e., the weight of the weighed paint sample, in grams.
Preferably, the volume of the paint sample obtained by pressing into powder and measuring is measured by pressing the paint sample into powder, passing it through a 10-mesh standard sieve with zero screen residue, and measuring the volume of the sample after swelling using a measuring cylinder with a minimum division value of 1 ml.
Preferably, the first set value is 0.6, and the second set value is 0.4.
The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a performance evaluation detection system using the method for evaluating and detecting the performance of the cable fire retardant coating after operation, including:
the constant temperature and humidity box is used for a damp and hot aging simulation test;
the glass container is used for a brine aging resistance simulation test;
the device comprises a muffle furnace, a state adjusting chamber, an electronic balance, a measuring cylinder, a crusher and a pressing block, and is used for an expansion performance test.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that 1) the method provides the aging criterion of the cable fireproof coating after operation, and solves the technical problem that the performance evaluation means of the fireproof coating after operation after aging is lacked in the prior art; 2) a method for obtaining the aging criterion is provided, and the technical problem of obtaining the aging criterion for the fireproof coating is further solved; 3) the method for acquiring the simulation aging test parameters is provided, and the technical problem that the aging simulation in the prior art cannot correspond to the actual operation condition is solved; 4) the method for accurately simulating the aging state after operation before the operation of the fireproof coating is provided, and the technical problem that whether the fireproof coating can meet the fireproof requirement after the operation cannot be accurately evaluated before the operation is solved; 5) the method for evaluating and judging the performance of the running fireproof coating after aging is simple and easy to implement, and whether the fireproof coating running on line can continuously meet the fireproof requirement can be quickly detected.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for evaluating and detecting performance of a cable fire retardant coating after operation according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a performance evaluation and detection method for a cable fire retardant coating after operation according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a performance evaluation and detection method for a cable fire retardant coating after operation according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby.
Example 1: performance evaluation detection method for cable fireproof coating after operation
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a method for evaluating and detecting performance of a cable fire retardant coating after operation, and the method aims to obtain a failure criterion reference value of the cable fire retardant coating after operation and aging simulation time, namely a fire retardant coating failure simulation time reference value. The method comprises the following steps:
step 1, coating fireproof paint for cables on cables, and preparing a plurality of groups of cable samples, wherein each group of cable samples comprises a plurality of cable samples; one group of cable samples is an unaged group, and the other groups of cable samples are aging simulation groups.
And 2, carrying out aging simulation tests on all aging simulation group cable samples, and taking out a group of cable samples from the aging simulation tests in sequence according to set time nodes.
The aging simulation test may include: and (3) carrying out a humidification simulation test, putting the prepared samples into a constant temperature and humidity box, respectively taking out one group after the first set time, the second set time and the third set time for carrying out the subsequent steps, and putting the samples into a constant temperature and humidity chamber for balancing after the samples are taken out.
It is understood that the humidification simulation conditions can be set arbitrarily by those skilled in the art, and a preferred but non-limiting embodiment is that in the humidification simulation test, the constant temperature and humidity chamber is set to a humidity RH47 + -2 and a temperature 95 + -3 ℃ for simulating the aging of the coating.
The aging simulation test may further include: and (3) carrying out a saline aging resistance test, completely immersing the prepared samples into a glass instrument of saline solution with set concentration, respectively taking out a group of samples for testing after the first set time, the second set time and the third set time, and putting the samples into a constant temperature and humidity chamber for balancing after the samples are taken out.
It is understood that the salt-water aging resistance simulation conditions can be arbitrarily set by those skilled in the art, and a preferred but non-limiting embodiment is that the salt solution is a 3% sodium chloride solution with a set concentration in the salt-water aging resistance test for simulating the aging of the paint.
It is noted that the above described aging simulation tests are only preferred but not limiting aging simulations, and that a person skilled in the art may use more, less and other kinds of aging simulation tests, and that alternative aging simulation tests and their test conditions are within the scope of the inventive concept of the present invention.
And 3, collecting the coating from the unaged assembled cable sample and the aging simulation assembled cable sample taken out from the aging simulation test in sequence.
It is worth noting that the coating is taken to the surface of the cable during sampling, at least three cables are selected for collecting the coating, and the average value is taken during subsequent calculation, so that the error is effectively reduced.
Step 4, placing the paint sample collected in the step 3 in a state adjusting chamber for state adjustment, then drying the paint sample, and cooling to room temperature; and weighing the paint sample obtained by the set weight, placing the paint sample in a muffle furnace, and taking out and cooling the paint sample after the set time. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
placing the coating sample obtained in the step 3 at a temperature of 23 +/-2 ℃ and a relative humidity of 50% +/-5% for state adjustment for at least 48 hours; then the mixture is put into an electrothermal blowing dry box with the temperature of 60 +/-5 ℃ for 6 hours, and then the mixture is taken out and put into a drier to be cooled to the room temperature.
It is understood that the state adjustment conditions and the drying conditions can be arbitrarily set by those skilled in the art, and the above conditions are only preferred but non-limiting embodiments.
Preferably, the crucible is placed in a muffle furnace at 750 +/-10 ℃ and taken out for 15 minutes for cooling, wherein the weight of the crucible is measured to be 0.01 g, the crucible is placed in the muffle furnace, and the crucible is taken out for cooling.
Step 5, pressing the coating sample obtained in the step 4 into powder; and measuring the volume of the obtained coating sample, calculating the expansion ratio of each group of cable samples, and obtaining the ratio of the expansion ratio of each group of cable samples in the aging simulation group to the expansion ratio of the cable samples in the unaged group. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
the volume of the paint sample obtained by pressing into powder and measuring is measured by pressing the paint sample into powder, passing it through a standard sieve of 10 mesh with zero screen residue, and measuring the volume of the sample after swelling using a measuring cylinder with a minimum division value of 1 ml.
The expansion ratio was calculated by the following formula,
N= V/G (1)
in the formula:
n represents the swelling power in ml per gram,
v represents the volume after expansion, i.e. the volume of the paint sample obtained by measuring with a measuring cylinder, in ml,
g represents the mass of the sample, i.e., the weight of the weighed paint sample, in grams.
And 6, arranging expansion ratio ratios of the groups of cable samples according to the sequence of the non-aging simulation time and the aging simulation time to obtain a group of cable samples with the ratio decreasing trend inflection point, wherein the corresponding ratio is a cable fireproof coating failure criterion reference value, and the corresponding aging simulation time is a simulated failure time reference value.
It is noted that a preferred but non-limiting value for the cable fire protection coating failure criterion reference value is 40%.
It will be appreciated that the greater the number of aging simulation sets provided, the higher the frequency at which cable samples are taken from the aging simulation test, and the easier it is to obtain an accurate knee time. The time points at which the cable samples were taken from the aging simulation test may be either uniform time points, such as every 12 hours, 24 hours, etc., or non-uniform time points, such as 7 days, 10 days, 15 days, with the inflection points obtained by linking the test data at the respective time points with a smooth curve.
It should be noted that, a person skilled in the art can obtain a failure criterion reference value of the fireproof coating for cables by the method provided in example 1, and on the basis of the reference value, the person skilled in the art can set a failure criterion of the fireproof coating for cables to be actually used according to actual line operation conditions. A preferred but non-limiting embodiment is to set different cable fire protection paint failure criteria in combination with a safety margin on the basis of the reference value, for example, depending on the interval of the operating time; or setting an evaluation criterion between partitions according to the reference value and the multiple thereof, setting the evaluation criterion in consideration of the safety margin, and the like. Any mode of setting the cable fireproof coating failure criterion according to the cable fireproof coating failure criterion reference value belongs to the inventive concept of the invention.
Similarly, the obtained aging simulation time reference value can be used as a guide for an aging simulation test, and a person skilled in the art can set the obtained aging simulation time on the basis of the obtained aging simulation time reference value. The advantage of obtaining the above two parameters is that the aging simulation test can be accurately performed, and those skilled in the art can clearly know what test parameters can obtain the aging effect similar to that of the actual operation, and how to judge that the fireproof coating has failed.
Example 2: performance evaluation detection method for cable fireproof coating after operation
As shown in fig. 2, the invention provides a method for evaluating and detecting the performance of a cable fire retardant coating after operation, which aims to evaluate the performance of the cable fire retardant coating by simulating aging before coating and simulating the state after operation on the cable fire retardant coating to be adopted under the condition that the failure criterion and the simulated failure time of the cable fire retardant coating are known for the cable fire retardant coating which is not coated.
Step 1, preparing a plurality of groups of cable samples by using the cable fireproof paint which is not coated, namely coating the paint on the cable, wherein each group of cable samples comprises a plurality of cable samples, one group of the cable samples is an unaged group, and the other groups of the cable samples are aging simulation groups.
And 2, carrying out aging simulation tests on all aging simulation groups, and taking out a group of cable samples from the aging simulation tests sequentially according to set time nodes, wherein the time nodes comprise simulation failure time.
And 3, collecting the coating from the unaged assembled cable sample and the aging simulation assembled cable sample taken out from the aging simulation test in sequence.
Step 4, placing the paint sample collected in the step 3 in a state adjusting chamber for state adjustment, then drying the paint sample, and cooling to room temperature; and weighing the paint sample obtained by the set weight, placing the paint sample in a muffle furnace, and taking out and cooling the paint sample after the set time.
Step 5, pressing the coating sample obtained in the step 4 into powder; and measuring the volume of the obtained coating sample, calculating the expansion ratio of each group of cable samples, and further calculating the ratio of the expansion ratio of each group of cable samples in the aging simulation group to the expansion ratio of the cable samples in the unaged group.
And 6, arranging the expansion ratio of each group of cable samples according to the sequence of the non-aging simulation time and the aging simulation time, and comparing the expansion ratio with the failure criterion of the cable fireproof coating to judge whether the cable fireproof coating fails before and after the simulation failure time.
It is noted that, unlike example 1, the performance evaluation in example 2 is performed by simulating the performance evaluation test of the post-operation state before the painting operation of the cable fire retardant coating to be used, the failure criterion of the cable fire retardant coating can be adjusted based on the reference value obtained by the method described in example 1, and the aging simulation time can be longer or shorter than the simulated failure time obtained by the method described in example 1, so as to observe the performance of the cable fire retardant coating under different aging simulation conditions.
Example 3: performance evaluation detection method for cable fireproof coating after operation
As shown in FIG. 3, the invention provides a method for evaluating and detecting the performance of a cable fire retardant coating after operation, which aims to evaluate and detect the performance of the cable fire retardant coating after being painted and operated under the condition that the failure criterion of the cable fire retardant coating is known. The method comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting paint on a cable coated with the intumescent cable fireproof paint after operation, marking as an operation group, preparing a group of cable samples by the same cable fireproof paint which is not coated, namely curing and drying the paint, collecting paint powder, and marking as a control group. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
during sampling, the coating is taken to the surface of the cable, and at least three cables are selected for collecting the coating; and calculating the average expansion ratio by using the coatings collected by a plurality of cable samples as the expansion ratio of each group of cable test.
Step 2, placing the paint sample collected in the step 1 in a state adjusting chamber for state adjustment, then drying the paint sample, and cooling to room temperature; weighing a paint sample obtained by a set weight, placing the paint sample in a muffle furnace, taking out the paint sample after a set time, and cooling the paint sample;
step 3, pressing the coating sample obtained in the step 2 into powder; measuring the volume of the obtained paint sample, calculating the expansion ratios of the paints of the running group and the control group, and further calculating the expansion ratio of the paints of the running group and the control group;
and step 4, comparing the expansion ratio with the failure criterion of the cable fireproof coating, and obtaining the performance evaluation detection result of the cable fireproof coating after operation at the sampling moment.
It is noted that, unlike example 1, the performance evaluation object of example 3 is to paint the cable fire retardant coating after operation, and the failure criterion of the cable fire retardant coating can be adjusted based on the reference value obtained by the method described in example 1, such as but not limited to the time interval during which the coating has been operated.
In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment, the cable fire retardant coating failure criterion is set according to the cable fire retardant coating failure criterion reference value obtained in example 1; if the expansion ratio is larger than the first set value and the operated fireproof coating sample still has expansibility, the evaluation conclusion is to continue the operation; if the expansion ratio is larger than a second set value and smaller than or equal to a first set value, and the paint sample still has expansibility after operation, evaluating the conclusion as attention, and tracking and detecting at intervals of set time; and if the expansion ratio is less than or equal to the second set value or the operated fireproof coating sample does not have expansibility, judging that the operation is stopped if the evaluation conclusion is failure.
Further preferably, the first set value is 0.6, and the second set value is 0.4.
Example 4: cable fire retardant coating performance evaluation detecting system after operation
The invention also provides a performance evaluation detection system using the method for evaluating and detecting the performance of the cable fireproof coating after operation, which comprises the following steps:
the constant temperature and humidity box is used for a damp and hot aging simulation test;
the glass container is used for a brine aging resistance simulation test;
the device comprises a muffle furnace, a state adjusting chamber, an electronic balance, a measuring cylinder, a crusher and a pressing block, and is used for an expansion performance test.
Application example:
in order to further clearly describe the technical solution of the present invention and the advantageous technical effects thereof, the following description is given of an application example. As can be seen from Table 1, the expansion ratio of the coating is greatly reduced after humid heat aging and brine aging, and after 15 days of aging, the expansion ratio is 40% of the original expansion ratio, and the parameter is very suitable as a reference basis for failure.
TABLE 1 expansion ratio of fire-retardant coating
| Expansion ratio | Coating 1 | Paint 2 | Coating 3 | Coating 4 | Paint 5 | AverageValue of |
| Before aging | 2.16 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 1.68 | 2.08 | 1.88 |
| Damp heat aging for 7 days | 0.88 | 0.8 | 0.96 | 1.04 | 1.44 | 1.08 |
| Heat and humidity aging for 10 days | 0.88 | 0.8 | 0.84 | 0.88 | 1.36 | 0.99 |
| Damp heat aging for 15 days | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.88 | 0.64 | 0.73 |
| Aging in saline for 7 days | 0.64 | 0.8 | 0.88 | 0.96 | 0.72 | 0.80 |
| Aging in saline for 10 days | 0.88 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.88 | 1.2 | 0.95 |
| Aging in saline for 15 days | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.88 | 0.6 | 0.72 |
For the fire-retardant coating that has been run, the following table shows the performance evaluation test method after a run using the cable fire-retardant coating disclosed in example 4 of the present invention, and the cable fire-retardant coating is sampled, evaluated and tested according to the following period.
TABLE 2 evaluation of test periods
| Cable fireproof coating coated at present | Cable fireproof coating not coated at present |
| / | 1 time before installation |
| The sample is taken 1 time every 1 year after 1-5 years of installation. | / |
| Have been installed for more than 5 years with 1 sampling every 0.5 years. | / |
The following table shows an example of evaluation performed in one post-run performance evaluation test method using the cable fire retardant coating disclosed in example 4 of the present invention.
TABLE 3 evaluation results of expansion ratio of fire retardant coating
| Line name | Duration of operation/month | Whether or not to run submerged | Fireproof material manufacturer | Before delivery | After putting into operation | Expansion ratio | Detection conclusion | Remarks for note |
| Line 1 | 16.1 | Whether or not | Manufacturer A | 9.2 | 1 | 0.11 | Fail to work | |
| Line 2 | 10.3 | Is that | Manufacturer B | 1.36 | 1.04 | 0.76 | Continuously operates | |
| Line 3 | 5.2 | Whether or not | Manufacturer C | 7.6 | 5.6 | 0.74 | Continuously operates | |
| Line 4 | 11.9 | Whether or not | Manufacturer D | 1.6 | 0.8 | 0.50 | Failure of flame retardancy | The sample does not expand after being put into operation |
| Line 5 | 12.6 | Whether or not | Manufacturer D | 10 | 1.44 | 0.14 | Failure of flame retardancy | |
| Line 6 | 1.8 | Whether or not | Manufacturer D | 10 | 9.2 | 0.92 | Continuously operates | |
| Line 7 | 1.0 | Whether or not | Manufacturer D | 10 | 9.2 | 0.92 | Continuously operates | |
| Line 8 | 0.6 | Whether or not | Manufacturer D | 10 | 18.4 | 1.84 | Continuously operates | |
| Line 9 | 0.6 | Whether or not | Manufacturer D | 10 | 9.6 | 0.96 | Continuously operates | |
| Line 10 | 19.4 | Is that | Manufacturer E | 0.88 | 0.8 | 0.91 | Failure of flame retardancy | Keep the stock sample without expansion |
The invention has the advantages that compared with the prior art,
1) the invention provides an aging criterion after the operation of a cable fireproof structure, and solves the technical problem that a performance evaluation means after the operation of the fireproof structure is aged is lacked in the prior art;
2) a method for obtaining the aging criterion is provided, and the technical problem of obtaining the aging criterion for different fireproof products is further solved;
3) the method for acquiring the simulation aging test parameters is provided, and the technical problem that the aging simulation in the prior art cannot correspond to the actual operation condition is solved;
4) the method for accurately simulating the aging state after operation before the operation of the fireproof structure is provided, and the technical problem that whether the fireproof structure can meet the fireproof requirement after the operation cannot be accurately evaluated before the operation is solved;
5) the method for evaluating and judging the performance of the operated fireproof structure after aging is simple and easy to implement, and whether the fireproof structure after online operation can continuously meet the fireproof requirement can be quickly detected.
The present applicant has described and illustrated embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the detailed description is only for the purpose of helping the reader to better understand the spirit of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and on the contrary, any improvement or modification made based on the spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. A performance evaluation detection method for a cable fireproof coating after operation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, coating fireproof paint for cables on cables, and preparing a plurality of groups of cable samples, wherein each group of cable samples comprises a plurality of cable samples; one group of cable samples are unaged groups, and the other groups of cable samples are aging simulation groups;
step 2, carrying out aging simulation tests on all aging simulation group cable samples, and taking out a group of cable samples from the aging simulation tests in sequence according to set time nodes;
step 3, collecting paint from an unaged assembled cable sample and an aging simulation assembled cable sample taken out from an aging simulation test in sequence;
step 4, placing the paint sample collected in the step 3 in a state adjusting chamber for state adjustment, then drying the paint sample, and cooling to room temperature; weighing a paint sample obtained by a set weight, placing the paint sample in a muffle furnace, taking out the paint sample after a set time, and cooling the paint sample;
step 5, pressing the coating sample obtained in the step 4 into powder; measuring the volume of the obtained coating sample, calculating the expansion ratio of each group of cable samples, and obtaining the ratio of the expansion ratio of each group of cable samples in the aging simulation group to the expansion ratio of the cable samples in the unaged group;
and 6, arranging expansion ratio ratios of the groups of cable samples according to the sequence of the non-aging simulation time and the aging simulation time to obtain a group of cable samples with the ratio decreasing trend inflection point, wherein the corresponding ratio is a cable fireproof coating failure criterion reference value, and the corresponding aging simulation time is a simulated failure time reference value.
2. A performance evaluation detection method for a cable fireproof coating after operation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparing a plurality of groups of cable samples by using the cable fireproof paint which is not coated, namely coating the paint on a cable, wherein each group of cable samples comprises a plurality of cable samples, one group of the cable samples is an unaged group, and the other groups of the cable samples are aging simulation groups;
step 2, carrying out aging simulation tests on all aging simulation groups, and taking out a group of cable samples from the aging simulation tests in sequence according to set time nodes, wherein the time nodes comprise simulation failure time;
step 3, collecting paint from an unaged assembled cable sample and an aging simulation assembled cable sample taken out from an aging simulation test in sequence;
step 4, placing the paint sample collected in the step 3 in a state adjusting chamber for state adjustment, then drying the paint sample, and cooling to room temperature; weighing a paint sample obtained by a set weight, placing the paint sample in a muffle furnace, taking out the paint sample after a set time, and cooling the paint sample;
step 5, pressing the coating sample obtained in the step 4 into powder; measuring the volume of the obtained paint sample, calculating the expansion ratio of each group of cable samples, and further calculating the ratio of the expansion ratio of each group of cable samples in the aging simulation group to the expansion ratio of the cable samples in the unaged group;
and 6, arranging the expansion ratio of each group of cable samples according to the sequence of the non-aging simulation time and the aging simulation time, and comparing the expansion ratio with the failure criterion of the cable fireproof coating to judge whether the cable fireproof coating fails before and after the simulation failure time.
3. The method for evaluating and detecting the performance of the cable fireproof coating after operation according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the simulated failure time in the step 2 and the cable fire retardant coating failure criterion in the step 5 are set according to the cable fire retardant coating failure criterion reference value and the simulated failure time reference value obtained by the evaluation detection method in claim 1.
4. The cable fire retardant coating after-run performance evaluation detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
the step 2 comprises the following steps: and (3) carrying out a humidification simulation test, putting the prepared samples into a constant temperature and humidity box, respectively taking out one group after the first set time, the second set time and the third set time for carrying out the subsequent steps, and putting the samples into a constant temperature and humidity chamber for balancing after the samples are taken out.
5. The method for evaluating and detecting the performance of the cable fireproof coating after operation according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the humidification simulation test, the constant temperature and humidity box is set to have the humidity RH47 +/-2 and the temperature 95 +/-3 ℃.
6. The cable fire retardant coating after-run performance evaluation detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
the step 2 comprises the following steps: and (3) carrying out a saline aging resistance test, completely immersing the prepared samples into a glass instrument of saline solution with set concentration, respectively taking out a group of samples for testing after the first set time, the second set time and the third set time, and putting the samples into a constant temperature and humidity chamber for balancing after the samples are taken out.
7. The method for evaluating and detecting the performance of the cable fireproof coating after operation according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the brine aging resistance test, the salt solution with a set concentration is a 3% sodium chloride solution.
8. The cable fire retardant coating after-run performance evaluation detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
a set of samples was taken in the aging simulation test at 7 days, 10 days and 15 days, respectively.
9. A performance evaluation detection method for a cable fireproof coating after operation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, collecting a coating on a cable coated with an intumescent cable fireproof coating after operation, and recording the coating as an operation group;
preparing a group of cable samples by the same cable fireproof paint which is not coated, wherein the method comprises the steps of coating the paint on the surface of a cable, curing and drying; collecting coating powder on a cable sample, and marking as a control group;
step 2, placing the paint sample collected in the step 1 in a state adjusting chamber for state adjustment, then drying the paint sample, and cooling to room temperature; weighing a paint sample obtained by a set weight, placing the paint sample in a muffle furnace, taking out the paint sample after a set time, and cooling the paint sample;
step 3, pressing the coating sample obtained in the step 2 into powder; measuring the volume of the obtained paint sample, calculating the expansion ratios of the paints of the running group and the control group, and further calculating the expansion ratio of the paints of the running group and the control group;
and step 4, comparing the expansion ratio with the failure criterion of the cable fireproof coating, and obtaining the performance evaluation detection result of the cable fireproof coating after operation at the sampling moment.
10. The method for evaluating and detecting the performance of the cable fire-retardant coating after operation according to claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
setting a cable fire retardant coating failure criterion according to the cable fire retardant coating failure criterion reference value obtained in claim 1;
if the expansion ratio is larger than the first set value and the operated fireproof coating sample still has expansibility, the evaluation conclusion is to continue the operation;
if the expansion ratio is larger than a second set value and smaller than or equal to a first set value, and the operated fireproof coating sample still has expansibility, evaluating the conclusion as attention, and tracking and detecting at intervals of set time;
and if the expansion ratio is less than or equal to the second set value or the operated fireproof coating sample does not have expansibility, evaluating that the fireproof coating sample fails, and exiting the operation.
11. The method for evaluating and detecting the performance of the cable fire-retardant coating after operation according to claim 9 or 10, wherein:
during sampling, the coating is taken to the surface of the cable, and at least three cables are selected for collecting the coating; and calculating the average expansion ratio by using the coatings collected by a plurality of cable samples as the expansion ratio of each group of cable test.
12. The method for performance evaluation and detection of the cable fire retardant coating according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the sample is subjected to state adjustment in a state adjustment chamber, dried and cooled to room temperature, namely, the sample is placed at the temperature of 23 +/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity of 50 +/-5% for state adjustment for at least 48 hours; then the mixture is put into an electrothermal blowing dry box with the temperature of 60 +/-5 ℃ for 6 hours, and then the mixture is taken out and put into a drier to be cooled to the room temperature.
13. The method for performance evaluation and detection of the cable fire retardant coating according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
placing the crucible in a muffle furnace for a set time, taking out and cooling, namely weighing 0.01 g, placing the crucible in the crucible, placing the crucible in the muffle furnace at the temperature of 750 +/-10 ℃, taking out and cooling after 15 minutes.
14. The method for performance evaluation and detection of the cable fire retardant coating according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the expansion ratio was calculated by the following formula,
N= V/G (1)
in the formula:
n represents the swelling power in ml per gram,
v represents the volume after expansion, i.e. the volume of the paint sample obtained by measuring with a measuring cylinder, in ml,
g represents the mass of the sample, i.e., the weight of the weighed paint sample, in grams.
15. The method for performance evaluation and detection of the cable fire retardant coating according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the volume of the paint sample obtained by pressing into powder and measuring is measured by pressing the paint sample into powder, passing it through a standard sieve of 10 mesh with zero screen residue, and measuring the volume of the sample after swelling using a measuring cylinder with a minimum division value of 1 ml.
16. The method for evaluating and detecting the performance of the cable fire-retardant coating after operation according to claim 10, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the first set value is 0.6, and the second set value is 0.4.
17. A performance evaluation detection system using the cable fire retardant coating post-operation performance evaluation detection method of any one of claims 1 to 16, comprising:
the constant temperature and humidity box is used for a damp and hot aging simulation test;
the glass container is used for a brine aging resistance simulation test;
the device comprises a muffle furnace, a state adjusting chamber, an electronic balance, a measuring cylinder, a crusher and a pressing block, and is used for an expansion performance test.
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