CN112386406A - Intelligent first-aid transport cabin suitable for infectious disease isolation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent emergency transfer cabin suitable for infectious disease isolation, which comprises a cabin body, wherein a physiological information and/or environmental information acquisition and monitoring device and a communication system capable of communicating with an ambulance and a remote medical center are arranged in the cabin body, the cabin body is provided with an air inlet channel, an air outlet channel and a disinfection device, the air outlet channel is connected to the disinfection device, a disinfection ultraviolet lamp for disinfection and/or a disinfection filter layer are arranged in a disinfection cabin of the disinfection device, a disinfectant is contained in a filter material of the disinfection filter layer, the air inlet channel of the cabin body is arranged on the side wall and/or the bottom plate of the cabin body on the head side, preferably, a micro-through hole structure or a filter structure is adopted, and the air outlet channel of the cabin body is arranged on the bottom plate and/or the side wall of the cabin body on the. The invention can create a more suitable environmental condition for patients and simultaneously avoid the risk of spreading infectious diseases in the transfer process.

Description

Intelligent first-aid transport cabin suitable for infectious disease isolation

Technical Field

The invention relates to an intelligent first-aid transport cabin suitable for infectious disease isolation.

Background

The existing facility for manual transportation of the sick and wounded mostly adopts a stretcher form, is provided with a bottom plate and front and back stretcher handles, can be made into a stretcher form according to needs, is provided with a lifting support with wheels below the bottom plate, does not need manual lifting during moving, and can adjust the bottom plate to the required height. The stretcher can be independently used in a short distance, and also can be used for being assembled on an emergency ambulance, after a patient is moved onto the stretcher on site, the stretcher and the patient on the stretcher are lifted into the emergency ambulance together to be transported to a hospital or an emergency center, and then the stretcher and the patient on the stretcher are lifted to a treatment site together, in the whole process from the site to the treatment site, the patient is on the stretcher, and the stretcher is a transportation facility of the patient and a sickbed for emergency treatment before the hospital.

However, the space in which the patient is located on the existing stretcher is open, the temperature of the environment in which the patient is located is difficult to control in the transferring process, and dust and pollutants in the air are difficult to effectively avoid falling onto the body of the patient, and in some cases, the external factors can be influenced by the patient in a non-negligible manner, and even serious consequences can be caused. Particularly for the first-aid transfer of patients with infectious diseases, emergency personnel often do not have or are not suitable to wear strict isolation clothes, and in order to rescue patients, the first-aid personnel and the surrounding environment need to be transferred immediately, so that the risk of infection is brought to the emergency personnel and the surrounding environment.

In order to improve the environment of a patient in the emergency conversion process, the applicant has developed a sealed emergency conversion bin, and the sealed emergency conversion bin is transformed from the existing stretcher into a closed bin type structure, and comprises a bin body formed by a bottom plate, side plates and end plates which are mutually connected into a whole, wherein the bin body is provided with a bin cover capable of covering the bin opening of the bin body, the side plates comprise a left side plate and a right side plate, the end plates comprise a front end plate and a rear end plate, the left side plate and the right side plate are respectively connected to the left side and the right side of the bottom plate, the front end plate and the rear end plate are respectively connected to the front end and the rear end of the bottom plate, and a vital sign monitoring device capable of monitoring and/or monitoring vital signs of a patient in the bin. However, these sealed transfer bins are still only suitable for patients with non-infectious diseases, and because the breathing of the patient requires ventilation of the interior of the bin, the air carrying infectious agents in the bin is continuously discharged to the surroundings, which brings risks to emergency personnel.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent emergency transfer cabin suitable for infectious disease isolation, so that a relatively suitable environmental condition is created for a patient, and meanwhile, the risk of infectious disease transmission in the transfer process is avoided.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: be adapted to intelligent first aid transport cabin of infectious disease isolation, including the cabin body, the cabin body be equipped with the hatch and with hatch complex hatch board, the cabin body is equipped with inlet air channel, air-out passageway and degassing unit, the access of air-out passageway degassing unit.

Preferably, the disinfection device comprises a disinfection bin, an ultraviolet lamp for disinfection and/or a disinfection filter layer are arranged in the disinfection bin, and a disinfectant is contained on a filter material of the disinfection filter layer.

Preferably, an air pump or a fan is arranged on the air outlet channel, and/or an outlet of the disinfection cabin is connected with the air pump or the fan.

Preferably, the air inlet channel of the cabin body is arranged on the side wall and/or the bottom plate of the head side cabin body, and a micro through hole structure or a filtering structure is preferably adopted.

Preferably, the air inlet channel adopting the micro-through hole structure is a plurality of micro-through holes arranged in the corresponding area of the cabin body, the air inlet channel adopting the filtering structure comprises one or more air inlet short pipes or air inlet holes arranged on the side wall and/or the bottom plate of the cabin body at the head side, and the air inlet short pipes or the air inlet holes penetrate through the cabin body and are internally provided with filtering materials.

Preferably, the inlet of the air inlet channel of the cabin body is connected with a heating device and/or a refrigerating device.

Preferably, a plurality of ultraviolet lamps for sterilization are distributed in the cabin body, the ultraviolet lamps for sterilization in the cabin body are arranged on the side plates on each side of the cabin body, and the outer side of the ultraviolet lamps for sterilization in the cabin body is provided with a protective cover transparent to corresponding ultraviolet rays.

Preferably, the air outlet channel of the cabin is arranged on the bottom plate and/or the side wall of the foot side cabin, and preferably adopts a small through hole structure.

Preferably, the air outlet channel adopting the small through hole structure is a plurality of small through holes arranged on the bottom plate and/or the side wall of the corresponding area of the cabin body, a closed air collecting cover is arranged outside the area of the cabin body distributed with the small through holes used as the air outlet channel, the cover space 35 of the air collecting cover forms a part of the air outlet channel, and the outlet of the air collecting cover is connected with the sterilizing device.

Preferably, be equipped with the stretcher handle on the cabin body, the stretcher handle includes preceding stretcher handle and back stretcher handle, the quantity of preceding stretcher handle and back stretcher handle is two, installs respectively in the left and right sides of cabin body front end and the left and right sides of cabin body rear end.

Preferably, the stretcher handle adopts scalable stretcher handle, mainly by the stretcher handle body with establish the stretcher handle body outside and with stretcher handle body sliding fit's stretcher handle sleeve pipe constitute, stretcher handle sleeve pipe fixed mounting is in the cabin body bottom of corresponding side.

Preferably, the cabin is provided with a cabin bracket.

The cabin body support can mainly comprise four supporting legs, including a left front supporting leg, a right front supporting leg, a left rear supporting leg and a right rear supporting leg, wherein each supporting leg is respectively positioned below the left front part, the right front part, the left rear part and the right rear part of the cabin body.

Preferably, the upper ends of the legs are mounted to the bottom of the cabin (e.g., the lower surface of the floor) by leg hinges, the leg hinges are hinges allowing the legs to rotate about a transverse axis, and leg positioning means for positioning the legs in a horizontal state and a vertical state are provided between the legs and the bottom of the cabin.

Preferably, the bottom of the cabin body is provided with a bottom plate frame supported below the bottom plate, and the bottom plate frame adopts a frame structure and comprises a plurality of bottom plate longitudinal rods and a plurality of bottom plate transverse rods which are connected with each other.

Preferably, the number of the bottom plate longitudinal rods is at least two, the bottom plate left longitudinal rod and the bottom plate right longitudinal rod are respectively located on the left side and the right side, the bottom plate left longitudinal rod and the bottom plate right longitudinal rod are of sliding plate structures, or sliding plates are arranged at the bottoms of the bottom plate left longitudinal rod and the bottom plate right longitudinal rod.

Preferably, a physiological information and/or environmental information acquisition and monitoring device is arranged in the cabin body, and a communication system capable of communicating with an ambulance and a remote medical center is arranged in the cabin body.

Preferably, an air inlet bin is arranged at the front part in the cabin body, an air inlet bin filter layer and a temperature adjusting element are arranged in the air inlet bin, the temperature adjusting element is a heating element and/or a refrigerating element, an air inlet bin partition plate is arranged between the air inlet bin and a patient space in the cabin, a plurality of micro through holes used as air inlets of the patient space are distributed on the air inlet bin partition plate, one or more air inlets are arranged on a front end plate of the cabin body, and the temperature adjusting element is positioned on the side of the air inlet bin partition plate of the air inlet bin filter layer.

In the above situation where the air inlet chamber is provided at the front portion inside the cabin body, preferably, the air outlet of the patient space inside the cabin is provided on the side wall and/or the rear end plate at the rear portion of the cabin body, and the air collecting cover is provided at the outer side of the side wall and/or the rear end plate at the rear portion of the cabin body where the air outlet of the patient space inside the cabin is provided.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: because the sealed cabin body is arranged, a patient can lie on or lean against the bottom plate of the cabin body, and a space relatively isolated from the external environment is formed in the cabin body, so that the interference or damage of external temperature, wind and pollutants to the patient can be avoided; because the air-out disinfection device is arranged, the air-out can be effectively disinfected and then discharged to the external environment according to the prior art and the disinfection intensity (such as the irradiation intensity and time of an ultraviolet lamp) required to be set, so that the risk of infection of emergency personnel and surrounding personnel is effectively reduced; due to the arrangement of the handle, the stretcher can be carried like lifting a stretcher; the foldable support is arranged at the bottom of the cabin body, the rollers are arranged at the bottom of the support, the support can be pushed on the ground after being opened, and the support is positioned in a space supported by the left and right longitudinal rods after being folded, so that the use is not hindered; the left and right longitudinal rods are arranged into the sliding plate or the sliding plate is arranged under the left and right longitudinal rods, so that the sliding plate can slide on snow and ice, and the use under corresponding environments is greatly facilitated; due to the arrangement of the heating and refrigerating device for the inlet air, the inlet air can be heated or refrigerated according to needs so as to be suitable for the needs of patients.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the basic construction (perspective) of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention with a handle and stent (in the stent deployed state);

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention having a handle and a stand (in the stand stowed position);

fig. 4 is a partial configuration view of a ventilation system according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention discloses an intelligent first aid transport cabin suitable for infectious disease isolation, comprising a cabin body 10, wherein the cabin body is provided with a cabin cover 18 (including a cabin body and a cabin door, which are generally called as members for closing the cabin, and are also referred to as cabin covers in the present invention, and are also referred to as cabin doors in the present invention), thereby forming a closed cabin space, the cabin body and the cabin hatch (an entrance and exit of the cabin body, when located at the top, also referred to as a top opening, and when located at the side, also referred to as a cabin door) and the cabin cover can be arranged by any suitable existing technology, for example, when the top of the cabin body is open, the top cabin cover can be arranged for closing the top opening of the cabin body, when the side of the cabin body is provided with a hatch (door opening of the cabin door), the side cabin cover (or the cabin door) can be arranged for closing the side hatch, and the connection mode between, for example, the cabin body is provided with an air inlet channel, an air outlet channel and a disinfection device (or called as a sterilization device), and the air outlet channel is connected with the disinfection device.

The disinfection device comprises a disinfection chamber 40, wherein an ultraviolet lamp 42 and/or a disinfection filter layer 44 for disinfection are arranged in the disinfection chamber, an inlet and an outlet 47 of the disinfection chamber are respectively positioned at two sides of the disinfection filter layer, so that the air flowing through the disinfection chamber passes through the disinfection filter layer, and the filter material of the disinfection filter layer contains a disinfectant.

The disinfectant can be a solid disinfectant or a liquid disinfectant, when the liquid disinfectant is adopted, a matched spraying device can be arranged and/or a filtering layer with a moisture absorption effect (including a capillary effect) is adopted, and the disinfectant is applied to the filtering layer when needed.

According to the requirement, the inlet of the disinfection cabin can be provided with a normally closed one-way valve (not shown), and the inlet of the disinfection cabin is closed when forced ventilation is not carried out, so that the volatilized disinfectant is prevented from flowing back into the cabin body.

The outlet of the air outlet channel is communicated with the inlet of the disinfection cabin, so that the air outlet of the cabin body flows into the disinfection cabin completely.

The air outlet channel is provided with an air pump or a fan, and/or the outlet of the disinfection cabin is connected with an air pump or a fan 39 to form forced ventilation of the space in the cabin body, and the cabin body can be in a micro negative pressure state as required, and under the condition, even if gaps exist, the air in the cabin cannot overflow through the gaps.

The type selection and the setting mode of the air pump or the fan can select ventilation flow according to the oxygen demand of a patient in the cabin or other ventilation requirements in the cabin according to the prior art, and the ventilation air pressure of the air pump or the fan can be set according to the resistance condition of a system and the micro-negative pressure requirement (if any) in the cabin.

The air inlet channel of the cabin body is arranged on the side wall (or called side plate) 14 and/or the bottom plate 12 of the cabin body at the head side (the head side of a patient in the cabin body), a micro through hole structure or a filtering structure is preferably adopted, the air inlet channel adopting the micro through hole structure is a plurality of micro through holes (for example, the diameter is 0.5-2 mm) arranged at the corresponding area of the cabin body, the micro through holes used as the air inlet channel are preferably distributed on a larger surface, and the discomfort of the patient caused by the high air inlet speed is avoided.

The air inlet channel adopting the filtering structure comprises one or more air inlet short pipes or air inlet holes 31 arranged on the side wall and/or the bottom plate of the head side cabin body, wherein the air inlet short pipes or the air inlet holes penetrate through the cabin body (the side wall or the bottom plate) and are internally provided with (filled with) filtering materials, such as a multilayer filter screen. The short air inlet pipe or the air inlet hole used as the air inlet channel is suitable to have larger total flow area, so that the discomfort of the patient caused by high air speed of the inlet air is avoided.

The inlet of the air inlet channel of the cabin body is connected with a heating device (for example, a heating chamber provided with an electric heating element) and/or a refrigerating device (for example, a refrigerating chamber provided with a semiconductor refrigerating element) so as to heat or refrigerate the inlet air when needed.

The side walls of the cabin cover and/or the cabin body can be further provided with a plurality of through air holes 15 to provide basic cabin ventilation requirements, prevent the forced ventilation system from failing to ventilate when in failure, and provide auxiliary air inlet functions when the forced ventilation system works to disperse air inlet distribution. The through air holes can be provided with the baffle plates (such as rotary baffle plates) according to requirements, and when the through air holes do not need to be opened or the through air holes are required to be closed, the baffle plates are rotated to the positions capable of closing the through air holes to close the through air holes.

The distribution of ultraviolet lamp 51 for the disinfection in the cabin body has a plurality of, and the distribution mode of the ultraviolet lamp for the disinfection in the cabin body can be able to realize the disinfection to the whole region in cabin, can set up on the curb plate of each side of cabin body (including left and right sides and head and foot both sides) usually, can inlay the recess of installing at corresponding curb plate or install the internal surface at corresponding lateral wall, can set up the transparent safety cover to corresponding ultraviolet ray in the outside of ultraviolet lamp, and when the safety cover raised from the lateral wall (for example, when the ultraviolet lamp was installed at the lateral wall surface), the safety cover should adopt smooth curved surface form.

The air outlet channel of the cabin body is arranged on the bottom plate and/or the side wall of the cabin body at the foot side (the foot side of a patient in the cabin), preferably in a small through hole structure, the air outlet channel in the small through hole structure is a plurality of small through holes 33 (for example, the diameter is 5-10 mm) arranged on the bottom plate and/or the side wall of the corresponding area of the cabin body, the small through holes used as air inlet channels are preferably distributed in a larger area to avoid discomfort of the patient caused by high air outlet speed, a closed air collecting cover 34 (in the embodiment shown in figure 1, the air collecting cover is connected with the shell of the disinfection cabin into a whole) is arranged at the outer side of the area (the corresponding area of the bottom plate and/or the side wall) on which the small through holes used as air outlet channels are distributed on the cabin body, the outlet of the air outlet channel is connected into the disinfection device, so that the air outlet channel is connected onto the disinfection device.

Be equipped with stretcher handle 24 on the cabin body, the stretcher handle includes preceding stretcher handle and back stretcher handle, the quantity of preceding stretcher handle and back stretcher handle is two, installs respectively in the left and right sides of the front end of the cabin body (the tip of the cabin body in the head side) and the left and right sides of the rear end of the cabin body (the tip of the cabin body in the head side), the stretcher handle adopts scalable stretcher handle, mainly establishes by stretcher handle body and cover and constitutes in the stretcher handle body outside and with stretcher handle body sliding fit's stretcher handle sleeve pipe, stretcher handle sleeve pipe fixed mounting is in the cabin body bottom of corresponding side, be equipped with the corresponding limit structure who is used for injecing the biggest volume of stretching out of stretcher handle body and the biggest volume of shrinking in respectively between stretcher handle body and the stretcher handle body.

The cabin body is equipped with cabin body support, cabin body support mainly comprises four landing legs 21, including left front landing leg, right front landing leg, left back landing leg and right back landing leg, each the landing leg is located respectively below cabin body left front, right front, left back and right back position, the upper end of landing leg is passed through landing leg hinge 22 and is installed the bottom of the cabin body (for example the lower surface of bottom plate), the landing leg hinge adopts the hinge that allows the landing leg to rotate around horizontal axis, be equipped with the landing leg positioner who is used for fixing a position the landing leg at horizontality and vertical state between the bottom of landing leg and the cabin body.

The upper end of landing leg is preferably installed through landing leg hinge 22 on the bottom plate frame, the landing leg hinge adopts the hinge that allows the landing leg to rotate around transverse axis, and rotation range is at least 90 degrees scopes that the landing leg is by horizontality (folded state) to vertical development state, on the landing leg hinge or preferably be equipped with between landing leg and the bottom plate frame and prevent that the landing leg degree of expansion exceeds 90 degrees rotation limit structure.

The leg hinge may be a self-locking hinge.

And a supporting leg positioning device for positioning (fixing) the supporting leg in a horizontal state and a vertical state is preferably arranged between the supporting leg and the bottom plate frame.

The leg positioning device is any suitable rotational positioning technique. For example, an elastic pin structure or a pin structure can be adopted, the supporting leg is provided with an elastic pin or a pin hole, the bottom plate frame is provided with a vertical pin hole plate which is adaptive to the moving range of the supporting leg, the pin hole plate is provided with pin holes corresponding to the horizontal state and the vertical state of the supporting leg, when the supporting leg rotates to the horizontal state or the vertical state, the elastic pin is automatically inserted into the corresponding pin hole, or the pin is manually inserted through corresponding through holes (the pin hole and the pin hole) on the supporting leg and the pin hole plate to fix the supporting leg.

The landing leg positioning device for positioning the landing leg in the horizontal state can also adopt a spring plate positioning structure, an arc-shaped spring plate with an S-shaped section is fixed on the outer side of a corresponding longitudinal supporting vertical plate, an S-shaped gap (one side of the S-shaped gap is S-shaped) is formed between the arc-shaped spring plate and the longitudinal supporting vertical plate, the opening of the gap faces downwards, when the landing leg is folded to the opening of the gap, because the size of the opening is larger than the corresponding size of the landing leg, the landing leg enters the opening and moves to the S-shaped reducing part, because the size of the reducing part is smaller than the corresponding size of the landing leg, the landing leg needs to be pushed forcefully to expand the spring plate, so that the landing leg enters the expanding area in the S-shaped gap, the reducing part of the gap can prevent the landing leg from separating from the gap under the action of self-weight or little external force, thereby realizing the fixing of the landing, the legs are pulled out of the S-shaped gap.

The leg positioning device for positioning the leg in the standing state can also adopt a folding positioning support rod 23, the folding positioning support rod is composed of two sections hinged with each other through a middle hinge 28, two ends of the folding positioning support rod are hinged on the leg and the base frame respectively, a four-bar mechanism is composed of the leg and the base frame, through proper size design, when the leg is in the vertical state, the folding positioning support rod is in an oblique straight line state and supports the leg, under the state, if the leg is pushed to the folding direction, the leg is applied to the acting force direction of the folding positioning support rod along the straight line direction of the folding positioning support rod, the moment for enabling the two sections of the folding positioning support rod to rotate relatively is not generated, and therefore, the leg cannot rotate. When the foldable positioning support rod needs to be folded, two sections of the foldable positioning support rod can be relatively bent by applying force slightly manually, the fixing of the support leg is released, and then the support leg is pushed to be folded.

The two hinged parts on the folding positioning support rod can be provided with positioning fastening screws for fixing the two sections, and the two sections are fixed by screwing the positioning screws, so that the positioning effect of the support leg in a vertical state is further improved.

The support legs preferably adopt telescopic tubes which are of a sleeve structure and generally can be composed of two or three tube sections (the thinnest tube can be a solid tube, namely a so-called rod) which are sequentially sleeved, adjacent tube sections are in sliding fit, a sliding locking device and a sliding limiting structure for limiting the maximum stretching length are arranged between the adjacent tube sections, the sliding locking device can adopt any suitable existing technology, such as an elastic pin positioning structure, a thread locking device used by the existing telescopic rod, a quick-release locking buckle or a seat tube clamping device of the existing bicycle, and the like, and the sliding limiting structure can adopt any suitable existing technology, such as a stop block/protrusion which is arranged on one piece and can stop the other piece from sliding relatively at a corresponding position.

The lower ends of the legs are provided with universal wheels 29 or other suitable forms of wheels.

The wheel can be fixed, turnable or foldable connected on the supporting leg. When the turnover or foldable connection is adopted, when the bin body is not required to be pushed, the wheels can be turned or folded to the position where the wheels do not touch the ground, so that the fixation of the bin body is facilitated.

The end surfaces of the front end of the cabin and the rear end of the cabin can be respectively provided with a front push-pull handle 26 and a rear push-pull handle 27 so as to be convenient to push and pull when the cabin bracket is erected.

The front push-pull handle and the rear push-pull handle can adopt any suitable existing handle structure.

For example, the front push-pull handle may be fixed or foldable (e.g., hinged in a corresponding groove of the front end plate, and may be provided with a spring return mechanism, and when the front push-pull handle is not subjected to an external force, the front push-pull handle may be turned over into the corresponding groove by the elastic force of the return spring, and when the front push-pull handle is used, the front push-pull handle may be lifted from the groove).

The number of the front push-pull handle can be one, or can be designed into a plurality of front push-pull handles according to needs, and the front push-pull handle can be arranged in the middle of the outer side face of the front end plate or other suitable positions.

The rear push-pull handle 27 can be used not only for pushing and pulling, but also as a bottom bracket of the bin body when the bin body is in a standing position. Therefore, the rear push-pull handles are preferably arranged in a vertical two-way manner and are preferably symmetrically distributed, the main body parts of the rear push-pull handles are in a cross bar shape and are mounted on the rear end plate through corresponding mounting parts (such as rod-shaped mounting seats arranged on the left side and the right side of the cross bar shape), the width (transverse dimension) of the cross bar can be generally larger than 1/2 (such as 3/4 or so) of the bin width, and the design is not only convenient to be used as the push-pull handles, but also convenient to be used for standing support of the bin body.

The rear push-pull handle can be provided with wheels (idler wheels), the wheels are usually arranged at the left end and the right end of the rear push-pull handle, and when the bin body is in a standing position, the wheels on the rear push-pull handle are grounded, so that the bin body can be pushed.

The wheels can be arranged on the rear push-pull handle in a turnover or folding mode, and when the bin body does not need to be pushed, the wheels can be turned or folded to the position where the wheels do not touch the ground, so that the bin body is fixed conveniently.

The bottom of the cabin body is provided with a bottom plate frame supported below the bottom plate, the bottom plate frame is of a frame structure and comprises a plurality of bottom plate longitudinal rods and a plurality of bottom plate transverse rods which are connected with each other, at least two bottom plate longitudinal rods are a bottom plate left longitudinal rod and a bottom plate right longitudinal rod 19 which are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side, the bottom plate left longitudinal rod and the bottom plate right longitudinal rod are arranged in a bilateral symmetry manner, a sliding plate structure (a plate structure capable of sliding on snow or ice surfaces and with the front ends being upwarped) can be adopted, or sliding plates are arranged at the bottoms of the bottom plate left longitudinal rod and the bottom plate right longitudinal rod so as to be convenient for sliding on the snow or ice surfaces, correspondingly, the front baffle plate of the cabin body or the front part of the bottom plate frame can be provided with an upwarped, the bottom of the bottom plate frame is provided with a bottom protection plate with the front ends connected with the front baffle plate into a whole, and the bottom surface of the sliding plate structure or the sliding plate is, so as to be suitable for snowfield or ice surface skating.

The bottom plate preferably adopts multilayer structure, especially heatable multilayer structure, including the stereoplasm basic unit and the soft top layer of bottom plate, be equipped with the control by temperature change layer of bottom plate between the stereoplasm basic unit and the soft top layer of bottom plate, the control by temperature change layer of bottom plate is equipped with the electric heating element of bottom plate. The electric heating element can adopt any suitable existing technology, such as an insulated heating wire for an existing soft electric blanket, or a heating wire and an electric heating pipe for a hard electric heating plate such as a ceramic far infrared radiation electric heating plate.

The hard base layer is made of a hard material with certain strength, for example, a hard EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) plate, the soft surface layer is made of a relatively soft material, for example, foamed EVA, and the outer surface of the soft surface layer can be wrapped by a proper fabric.

The electric heating element of the bottom plate can be laid between the hard base layer and the soft surface layer of the bottom plate to form the temperature control layer of the bottom plate, or the temperature control layer in the form of a soft temperature control layer similar to an electric blanket or a hard electric heating plate similar to the existing hard electric heating plate is firstly manufactured, and the temperature control layer in the form of the soft temperature control layer or the hard electric heating plate is arranged between the hard base layer and the soft surface layer of the bottom plate.

The side plates, the end plates and the bin cover can be of heatable multilayer structures or not. The specific construction and arrangement mode of the multilayer structure can be the same as that of the bottom plate of the multilayer structure, and the thickness and other parameters of each layer can be determined according to requirements.

For example, the side plate comprises a hard base layer and a soft surface layer of the side plate, a temperature control layer of the side plate is arranged between the hard base layer and the soft surface layer of the side plate, and the temperature control layer of the side plate is provided with an electric heating element of the bottom plate.

According to the requirement, a refrigerating element (not shown) can be further arranged in the temperature control layer of the bottom plate, the refrigerating element is divided into a plurality of independent control units in the area, the independent control units respectively correspond to different parts of the body of the patient, such as the head, the chest and back, the waist and abdomen, the hip and the crotch, the upper arm, the lower arm, the palm and wrist, the thigh, the lower leg, the ankle and the like, and when the patient needs to carry out cold compress on the parts, the refrigerating element of the corresponding control unit can carry out local refrigeration so as to obtain the cold compress effect on the corresponding parts.

Work as in the control by temperature change of bottom plate the refrigeration component according to when the region divide into a plurality of independent the control unit, in the control by temperature change of bottom plate the heating element also divide into a plurality of independent the control unit according to the same subregion mode, and from this, when the refrigeration component work of certain region, can stop this regional heating element's work, avoid the refrigeration component and the heating element simultaneous working of same region, also can carry out the local heating through corresponding the control unit's heating element to obtain the hot compress effect or the heating intensification effect to corresponding part.

In order to better adapt to patients with different heights and body sizes, the bottom area can be divided into more smaller control units, the whole bottom plate area (or the area which is possibly contacted with and adjacent to a human body on the bottom plate) can be divided into a plurality of rectangular grid local areas which are arranged in a vertical and horizontal mode, and the heating element and the refrigerating element in each grid are listed as an independent control unit, for example, the heating element and the refrigerating element are divided into 3 grids, 5 grids or 8 grids in the horizontal direction and are divided into 7 grids, 9 grids, 11 grids or 15 grids in the vertical direction. Therefore, according to the specific position of the patient on the bottom plate, the cold compress or the hot compress can be carried out on different parts as required, and the heating or the cooling work of the related area control unit is set or controlled by the first-aid personnel on site.

The refrigeration element can be a refrigerant pipe and/or an electric refrigeration element, or a semiconductor refrigeration element or a semiconductor refrigeration plate provided with the semiconductor refrigeration element, the refrigerant pipe is provided with a refrigerant pipe interface used for connecting an external refrigerant conveying pipeline (a refrigerant system), and the refrigerant pipes of different control units are not directly communicated with each other so as to independently control the refrigerant pipes of different areas.

During refrigeration, the inlet and outlet of the refrigerant pipe are connected to an external refrigerant system (for example, on an ambulance), and after the corresponding control valve is opened, the refrigerant flows through the refrigerant pipe to absorb the surrounding heat energy, thereby realizing local cooling. The refrigerant is preferably a liquid cryogenic medium, for example, liquid nitrogen, and can be matched with a corresponding liquid nitrogen tank, a liquid nitrogen output and release pipeline and a control device according to the prior art to form a refrigerant system, so that liquid nitrogen is input into the refrigerant pipe and is released from the refrigerant pipe. The small heat exchanger can be arranged, liquid nitrogen is used for preparing cold water through the heat exchanger, the cold water is used as a refrigerant and is sent into the refrigerant pipe for refrigeration, so that the refrigeration temperature can be controlled, and the damage to a patient caused by too low local temperature can be avoided. Cold water can be formed through other prior arts to serve as a refrigerant required by refrigeration, or other refrigerants can be selected according to actual conditions.

When the refrigeration element is an electric refrigeration element, the working state of the corresponding electric refrigeration element can be controlled in a corresponding electric control mode.

Thermal insulation layers can be arranged between the temperature control layers and the hard base layers of the bottom plate, the side plates, the end plates and the bin cover of any multilayer structure, so that the thermal insulation effect is improved.

The heatable multilayer structure is preferably provided with a heat dissipation blind hole, the heat dissipation blind hole extends to the temperature control layer, and the opening is formed in the surface layer, so that the heat energy of the temperature control layer is more quickly dissipated to the space in the bin, and the phenomenon that the bottom plate and the like are overheated due to poor heat dissipation effect is avoided.

When the temperature control layer is provided with an electric refrigeration element, an outer heat dissipation hole is usually arranged on the base layer of the bottom plate, the outer heat dissipation hole is a blind hole, the outer end of the outer heat dissipation hole is opened on the outer surface of the bottom plate, and the inner end of the outer heat dissipation hole extends to the electric refrigeration element or the temperature control layer.

The air inlet of the cabin body can be filtered and temperature regulated (heated or cooled) as required to meet the requirement of the patient on the air.

For example (see fig. 4), an air inlet bin partition 17 is arranged on the inner side of the front end plate 15 of the cabin body in parallel with the front end plate with a certain distance, a closed air inlet bin 60 is formed between the front end plate and the air inlet bin partition, an air inlet bin cover 13 is arranged on the top of the air inlet bin to close the top opening of the air inlet bin, and an air inlet filter layer 62 is arranged on the front part of the air inlet bin (from the foot of the patient to the head) and is made of a porous material, such as a multi-layer filter screen, or a filter fiber block with a certain thickness (such as an activated carbon fiber filter block). The filter layer of the air inlet bin is arranged, so that air inlet filtering is realized, weakening and homogenization of the air speed are also realized, and air basically flows out of the whole surface of the filter layer in a balanced manner after passing through the filter layer, so that the pressure equalizing and stabilizing effects of the air inlet bin are realized, and the powerful guarantee is provided for the balance and consistency of the air speed entering the space of a patient from different through holes.

The filter layers of the air inlet bin filter layer and the disinfection bin filter layer are generally provided with hard frames so as to achieve shape keeping and convenient installation, and the side wall of the air inlet bin (on the inner surface of the side wall) is provided with an insertion groove (or called sliding groove, generally arranged in bilateral symmetry) structure for inserting the air inlet filter layer so as to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the air inlet bin filter layer.

A heating element 64 may also be disposed within the intake plenum.

A refrigerating element (not shown) can be arranged in the air inlet bin.

Both the heating element and the cooling element may be of the prior art. For example, the electric heating tube, the heating wire or the heating plate, the electric refrigeration piece, the semiconductor refrigeration plate or the refrigerant tube provided with an external refrigerant interface may be connected to an external refrigerant (circulation) pipeline, such as a refrigerant pipeline provided on an ambulance, through the external refrigerant interface exposed to the outside of the cabin.

The heating element and the cooling element (if any) are disposed between the inlet plenum filter layer and the inlet plenum partition.

The front end plate of the cabin body is provided with a plurality of air inlets 36 communicated with the air inlet cabin, a plurality of small partition plate through holes 38 (for example, the aperture is 1-3 mm) are distributed on the partition plate of the air inlet cabin, and the partition plate through holes are communicated with the air inlet cabin and the patient space in the cabin body (the space between the partition plate of the air inlet cabin and the rear end plate of the cabin body) to form the air inlet of the patient space in the cabin. Due to the pressure equalizing effect of the air inlet bin, the air pressure difference at two ends of each partition plate through hole is consistent, and the air speed can be very low due to the large number of partition plate through holes and the large distribution area.

The partition through holes are generally uniform in diameter and uniformly (basically uniformly) distributed in the whole air inlet bin partition, and a commercially available standard or commercialized micropore perforated plate can be used as the air inlet bin partition (the diameter and distribution density of micropores meet the requirements of the air inlet bin partition), so that the processing quality of the through holes can be ensured, and the cost can be reduced. Under the condition of consistent pore diameter, the partition plate through holes can also be distributed in a small density in the area facing the top of the head of the patient and in a large density in the area far away from the top of the head of the patient so as to reduce the strength of direct wind on the top of the head, or under the condition of unchanged distribution density, the partition plate through holes can also be small in the area facing the top of the head of the patient and large in the area far away from the top of the head of the patient, so that the strength of direct wind on the top of the head can also be reduced.

The whole or partial area of the front part (the direction of the head of the patient is front and the direction of the feet is back) of the side wall 16 of the cabin body positioned at the left and right sides of the space of the patient can be set into a hollow structure, a plurality of tiny side wall through holes 39 (with the aperture of 1-3 mm, for example) are distributed on the inner wall of the hollow structure, an air inlet cabin air outlet 37 communicated with the hollow structure is arranged on the inner wall of the air inlet cabin, an air flow channel used for communicating the air inlet cabin air outlet with the hollow structure (a cavity in the hollow structure) can be an air flow channel arranged in the corresponding side wall of the cabin body, namely, a cavity used for communicating the air inlet cabin air outlet with the air flow channel of the hollow structure is arranged in the corresponding. Because the air outlet of the air inlet bin and the air passage channel connected with the air inlet bin can adopt relatively large flow passing area, the resistance of the structure to the air flow can be approximately ignored, and therefore, the air pressure difference of the two sides of the through hole of the side wall is basically the same as the air pressure difference of the two sides of the through hole of the partition plate.

The total area of the through hole holes entering the space of the patient in the cabin can be increased through the arrangement of the through holes on the side wall, the air inlet speed of the space of the patient is reduced, the interference of air inlet to the patient is reduced, and the stability of air flow in the cabin (the space of the patient) is facilitated.

In the above case, it is preferable that the air outlet of the chamber (patient space) is provided at the rear of the chamber. For example, the air outlet of the cabin is provided with a plurality of small through holes 33 arranged on the bottom plate and/or the side wall at the rear part of the cabin, thereby ensuring the stable air outlet at the rear part of the cabin.

The patient space in the cabin is mutually matched through the front low-speed stable air inlet and the rear low-speed stable air outlet to form stable plug flow type airflow, fresh air (newly-entered external air) is mainly inhaled by the patient during breathing, the exhaled air leaves along with the airflow, the ventilation volume can be greatly reduced while the air quality (the air quality inhaled by the patient) is ensured, the power consumption and the subsequent exhaust disinfection burden are favorably reduced, the electric energy is favorably saved, the weight of a battery equipped in the cabin body is further reduced (the weight of the battery occupies a larger proportion in the total weight of the cabin body under the current technical background and is a main factor for restricting the light weight of the cabin body), meanwhile, the interference of the airflow on the patient is favorably avoided, the required temperature in the cabin (in the patient space) is favorably maintained, the heating volume or the refrigerating volume of the air inlet is reduced, and the electric energy is favorably saved from the other aspect, The weight of the battery equipped in the cabin is reduced (under certain environmental conditions, intake heating or cooling is the largest power consumption factor of the cabin).

A battery compartment 56 may be provided in the cabin body or below the bottom plate of the cabin body for placing batteries used as power supplies of various electric devices, a plug-in or snap-in type wiring structure may be provided in the battery compartment, and after the batteries are placed in place, the terminals thereof are automatically electrically connected with the corresponding wiring structures in the battery compartment.

Various required physiological information acquisition and monitoring devices can be arranged in the cabin according to requirements, and an in-cabin environmental information (such as temperature) monitoring device can be arranged.

The communication between the in-cabin information acquisition and monitoring device and an ambulance or a remote medical center can be realized by the existing communication technology.

Structures for patient support and fixation, such as support plates, straps, and male-female structures compatible with body support, etc., may be provided within the body (e.g., on the floor) as desired.

The technical means disclosed by the invention can be combined arbitrarily to form a plurality of different technical schemes except for special description and the further limitation that one technical means is another technical means.

Claims (10)

1. Be adapted to intelligent first aid transport cabin of infectious disease isolation, including the cabin body, the cabin body be equipped with the hatch and with hatch complex hatch board, its characterized in that the cabin body is equipped with inlet air channel, air-out passageway and degassing unit, the access of air-out passageway degassing unit.

2. The intelligent first-aid transport cabin adapted to infectious disease isolation according to claim 1, wherein the disinfection device comprises a disinfection cabin, an ultraviolet lamp for disinfection and/or a disinfection filter layer are arranged in the disinfection cabin, and a disinfectant is contained on a filter material of the disinfection filter layer.

3. The intelligent emergency transport cabin adapted to infectious disease isolation according to claim 2, wherein an air pump or a fan is disposed on the air outlet channel, and/or an air pump or a fan is connected to an outlet of the disinfection cabin.

4. The intelligent first-aid transport cabin adapted to infectious disease isolation according to claim 1, wherein the air intake channel of the cabin is disposed on the side wall and/or bottom plate of the cabin on the head side, preferably, a micro-through hole structure or a filter structure is employed, the air intake channel employing the micro-through hole structure is a plurality of micro-through holes disposed in the corresponding area of the cabin, the air intake channel employing the filter structure includes one or more air intake short pipes or air intake holes disposed on the side wall and/or bottom plate of the cabin on the head side, the air intake short pipes or air intake holes penetrate through the cabin, and a filter material is disposed therein.

5. The intelligent first-aid transport cabin adapted for infectious disease isolation of claim 1, wherein the inlet of the air intake channel of the cabin body is connected with a heating device and/or a cooling device.

6. The intelligent first-aid transport cabin applicable to infectious disease isolation according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of ultraviolet lamps for sterilization are distributed in the cabin body, the ultraviolet lamps for sterilization in the cabin body are arranged on the side plates on each side of the cabin body, and a protective cover transparent to corresponding ultraviolet rays is arranged on the outer side of the ultraviolet lamps for sterilization in the cabin body.

7. The intelligent first-aid transport cabin adapted to infectious disease isolation according to claim 1, wherein the air outlet channel of the cabin is disposed on the bottom plate and/or the side wall of the foot side cabin, preferably, a small through hole structure is employed, the air outlet channel employing the small through hole structure is a plurality of small through holes disposed on the bottom plate and/or the side wall of the corresponding region of the cabin, a closed air-collecting hood is disposed outside the region of the cabin where the small through holes serving as the air outlet channel are disposed, the hood space of the air-collecting hood forms a part of the air outlet channel, and the outlet of the air-collecting hood is connected to the disinfection device.

8. The intelligent first-aid transport cabin adapted to infectious disease isolation according to claim 1, wherein the cabin body is provided with stretcher handles, the stretcher handles comprise a front stretcher handle and a rear stretcher handle, the number of the front stretcher handle and the number of the rear stretcher handle are two, the front stretcher handle and the rear stretcher handle are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the front end of the cabin body and the left and right sides of the rear end of the cabin body, the stretcher handles are retractable stretcher handles, and are mainly composed of a stretcher handle body and a stretcher handle sleeve which is sleeved on the outer side of the stretcher handle body and is in sliding fit with the stretcher handle body, and the stretcher handle sleeve is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cabin body on the corresponding side.

9. The intelligent emergency transport cabin adapted for infectious disease isolation according to claim 1, wherein the cabin is provided with a cabin support, the cabin support is mainly composed of four legs, including a left front leg, a right front leg, a left rear leg and a right rear leg, each of the legs is respectively located below the left front portion, the right front portion, the left rear portion and the right rear portion of the cabin, the upper ends of the legs are mounted on the bottom of the cabin (for example, the lower surface of the bottom plate) through leg hinges, the leg hinges are hinges allowing the legs to rotate around a transverse axis, and leg positioning devices for positioning the legs in a horizontal state and a vertical state are provided between the legs and the bottom of the cabin.

10. The intelligent first-aid transport cabin adapted to infectious disease isolation according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the cabin body is provided with a bottom plate frame supported below the bottom plate, the bottom plate frame is of a frame structure and comprises a plurality of bottom plate longitudinal rods and a plurality of bottom plate transverse rods which are connected with each other, the number of the bottom plate longitudinal rods is at least two, the bottom plate longitudinal rods are respectively a bottom plate left longitudinal rod and a bottom plate right longitudinal rod which are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side, the bottom plate left longitudinal rod and the bottom plate right longitudinal rod are of a sliding plate structure or sliding plates are arranged at the bottoms of the bottom plate left longitudinal rod and the bottom plate right longitudinal rod.

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