CN112379515A - Stray light eliminating mechanism and infrared detection device - Google Patents
Stray light eliminating mechanism and infrared detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112379515A CN112379515A CN202011303699.0A CN202011303699A CN112379515A CN 112379515 A CN112379515 A CN 112379515A CN 202011303699 A CN202011303699 A CN 202011303699A CN 112379515 A CN112379515 A CN 112379515A
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- G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stray light eliminating mechanism, which comprises: the device comprises a primary mirror, a secondary mirror and a field diaphragm, wherein a central hole is formed in the center of the primary mirror; the field diaphragm is arranged between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror, and changes the angle from the small-angle stray light path of the primary mirror to the mirror surface of the radius area within the central hole, so that the stray light entering the radius area is incident and reflected to the outside of the secondary mirror through the stray light eliminating surface of the primary mirror after the angle is changed. The stray light eliminating mechanism disclosed by the invention can inhibit the stray light with a small angle. The invention also discloses an infrared detection device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optics, in particular to a stray light eliminating mechanism and an infrared detection device comprising the stray light eliminating mechanism.
Background
The high-precision infrared detection device needs to have stable performance under the condition of almost any angle in the air. In order to prevent the target from being annihilated by stray light under the condition of severe stray light, the stray light suppression capability of the infrared optical system needs to be improved.
At present, the stray light eliminating structure of the Cassegrain optical system is mainly divided into two parts, wherein one part is an outer shading cover, and the other part is an inner stray light eliminating structure. The outer light shield is designed according to the principle that incident stray light larger than the sun avoiding angle cannot directly enter the optical lens, and is internally provided with a light blocking ring and coated with matting paint. For the requirement of high stray light elimination, a multi-stage light shield is generally adopted, or a special-shaped light shield and a light blocking ring are adopted. However, the length and the volume of the system can be increased rapidly due to multi-stage shading, the size requirement of the space flight platform can not be met by the system, the complexity and the cost of the system can be increased due to the special-shaped shading cover and the light blocking ring, and the stability of stray light elimination is difficult to guarantee. Therefore, there is a need for a stray light eliminating design device for an infrared card system, which overcomes the shortcomings of the outer light shield and solves the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and adopts the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a stray light eliminating mechanism. The stray light eliminating mechanism comprises: primary mirror, secondary mirror and field stop.
The primary mirror is arranged on the optical axis, and a central hole is formed in the center of the primary mirror;
the secondary mirror is arranged on the optical axis;
the field diaphragm is arranged between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror, and changes the angle from the small-angle stray light path of the primary mirror to the mirror surface of the radius area within the central hole, so that the stray light entering the radius area is incident and reflected to the outside of the secondary mirror through the stray light eliminating surface of the primary mirror after the angle is changed.
In some embodiments, the stray light eliminating mechanism further comprises an outer light shield disposed outside the primary mirror and connected to the primary mirror.
In some embodiments, the parasitic light-eliminating surface is defined by:
the maximum diameter Dz of the small-angle stray light range is arranged to be intersected with the main mirror at the point A, the lower edge of a center hole of the main mirror is the point B, the lower edge of the outer light shield is the point P, the lower edge of the secondary mirror is the point M, the AP and the AM are connected to form an angular bisector A1A, the point A is crossed to form an AB1 intersection field diaphragm plane at the point B1, the AB1 is perpendicular to the A1A, and the AB1 is the stray light eliminating surface of the main mirror.
In some embodiments, the parasitic light-eliminating surface forms an angle with the optical axis, and the angle satisfies the following condition:
wherein the diameter of the primary mirror is D0，
The angle of view is omega, and the diameter of the secondary mirror is D1，
The diameter of the central hole of the primary mirror is Dh，
The diameter of the range of small-angle stray light is Dz，
The length of the outer light shield is L,
the distance between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is L0，
The rise from the radius of the range of the stray light on the primary mirror to the edge of the primary mirror is h1，
The rise from the radius of the range of the stray light appearing on the primary mirror to the central hole of the primary mirror is h2。
In some embodiments, the parasitic light-eliminating surface of the primary mirror is a mirror surface.
In some embodiments, the field stop has a front surface provided with a matting varnish having an absorbance in the infrared range higher than 97%, the matting varnish having a thickness of 0.04-0.08 mm.
In some embodiments, the parasitic light eliminating surface of the primary mirror is provided with the same reflective film as the primary mirror, and the reflectivity of the parasitic light eliminating surface of the primary mirror in the infrared spectrum is higher than 98%.
In some embodiments, the parasitic light-eliminating surface of the primary mirror is coupled to the primary mirror to form an integral compound facet.
In some embodiments, a matting paint is disposed within the outer light shield.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides an infrared detection device, which comprises the stray light eliminating mechanism.
The invention has the technical effects that: the invention discloses a stray light eliminating mechanism and an infrared detection device
The main mirror of the stray light eliminating mechanism is provided with a stray light eliminating surface, the angle of the mirror surface from a small-angle stray light path of the main mirror to a radius area within the central hole is changed through the cooperation of the field diaphragm, and after external stray light entering the radius area enters the mirror surface, the stray light eliminating surface of the main mirror after the angle is changed is reflected to the outside of the secondary mirror, so that the stray light eliminating of the small-angle external stray light is reduced or eliminated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a parasitic light removal mechanism, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stray light eliminating mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are specifically:
a stray light eliminating mechanism 100; a primary mirror 1, a central hole 11; a secondary mirror 2; a field diaphragm 3;
an outer light shield 4; and an image plane 5.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The length and the volume of the system can be increased rapidly by multi-stage shading, the system is not favorable for meeting the size requirement of a space flight platform, the complexity and the cost of the system are increased by the special-shaped shading cover and the light blocking ring, and the stability of stray light elimination is difficult to ensure. And the conventional lens hood can only shield the stray light with large angle at present, and has no good stray light eliminating structure aiming at the stray light with small angle close to the visual field.
In order to remedy the above-mentioned shortcomings, a device for designing stray light elimination for an infrared card system is needed, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems. The utility model provides a to card formula double mirror infrared system, under the prerequisite that does not increase self radiation, alleviate or eliminate the miscellaneous light device that disappears of small-angle outer miscellaneous light, on current card formula optical system miscellaneous light structure that disappears basis, further improve inside miscellaneous light structure that disappears, utilize primary mirror central region and field diaphragm, at primary mirror central region structure, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing the miniaturization, realize higher suppression stray light ability.
In a card type optical system, a light shield is used to eliminate the stray light with a large angle before a primary mirror, and the stray light with a small angle is inhibited by utilizing the surface properties of an internal structure and a structural member. But this approach does not suppress the veiling glare at smaller angles. In some applications, the optical system needs to meet the use requirement under a small angle condition. The invention aims to solve the problem of providing a small-angle stray light suppression scheme which cannot be suppressed by a conventional light shield, further improving an internal stray light suppression structure on the basis of the existing stray light suppression structure of a card-type optical system, changing the mirror reflection direction at the central hole of a main mirror by utilizing the characteristic of a central blocking light path, and realizing higher stray light suppression capability on the premise of ensuring the processability.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a parasitic light removal mechanism 100 is illustrated in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the stray light eliminating mechanism 100 includes: primary mirror 1, secondary mirror 2, and field stop 3.
The main mirror 1 is arranged on an optical axis, and a central hole 11 is formed in the center of the main mirror 1;
the secondary mirror 2 is arranged on the optical axis;
the field diaphragm 3 is arranged between the primary mirror 1 and the secondary mirror 2, and changes the angle from the small-angle stray light path of the primary mirror 1 to the mirror surface of the radius area within the central hole 11, so that the stray light entering the radius area is incident and reflected to the outside of the secondary mirror 2 through the stray light eliminating surface of the primary mirror 1 after the angle is changed.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the stray light eliminating mechanism 100 further comprises an outer light shield 4, and the outer light shield 4 is disposed outside the primary mirror 1 and connected to the primary mirror 1. The outer light shield 4 takes the design principle that incident stray light larger than the sun avoiding angle can not directly enter the optical lens, and is internally provided with a light blocking ring and coated with matting paint.
In some embodiments, the parasitic light-eliminating surface is defined by:
the maximum diameter Dz of the small-angle stray light range is arranged to be intersected with the primary mirror 1 at a point A, the lower edge of a central hole 11 of the primary mirror 1 is a point B, the lower edge of the outer light shield 4 is a point P, the lower edge of the secondary mirror 2 is a point M, the AP and the AM are connected to form an angular bisector A1A, the crossing point A is used as a point B1 to intersect with a plane of the view field diaphragm 3 at a point B1, the AB1 is perpendicular to the A1A, and the AB1 is the stray light eliminating surface of the primary mirror 1.
In some embodiments, the parasitic light-eliminating surface forms an angle with the optical axis, and the angle satisfies the following condition:
wherein the diameter of the primary mirror 1 is D0，
The angle of view is omega, and the diameter of the secondary mirror 2 is D1，
The diameter of the central hole 11 of the primary mirror 1 is Dh，
The diameter of the range of small-angle stray light is Dz，
The outer light shield 4 has a length L,
the distance between the primary mirror 1 and the secondary mirror 2 is L0，
The rise from the radius of the range of the stray light on the primary mirror to the edge of the primary mirror is h1，
The rise from the radius of the range of the stray light appearing on the primary mirror to the central hole of the primary mirror is h2。
In some embodiments, the parasitic light-eliminating surface of the primary mirror 1 is a mirror surface.
In some embodiments, the front surface of the field stop 3 is provided with a matting varnish having an absorption in the infrared range higher than 97%, the matting varnish having a thickness of 0.04-0.08 mm. In the embodiment of the invention, the front surface of the field diaphragm 3 is sprayed with high-absorptivity matting paint with the thickness of 0.04-0.08mm, so that the absorptivity of the field diaphragm in the infrared spectrum is higher than 97%, and the stray light eliminating surface of the primary mirror 1 and the mirror surface of the primary mirror 1 are coated with a reflecting film together, so that the reflectivity of the field diaphragm in the infrared spectrum is higher than 98%.
In some embodiments, the parasitic light-eliminating surface of the primary mirror 1 is provided with the same reflective film as the primary mirror 1, and the reflectivity of the parasitic light-eliminating surface of the primary mirror 1 in the infrared spectrum is higher than 98%. The stray light eliminating surface of the primary mirror and the mirror surface of the primary mirror are coated with a reflecting film together, so that the reflectivity of the mirror in the infrared spectrum is higher than 98%.
In some embodiments, the parasitic light-eliminating surface of the primary mirror 1 is connected to the primary mirror 1 to form an integral compound surface. Therefore, the integrated processing can be directly utilized, and the integration level of the system is improved.
In some embodiments, a matting paint is provided within the outer light shield 4. So as to absorb the stray light and further restrain the stray light.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an infrared detection apparatus (not shown in the drawings), which includes the stray light eliminating mechanism 100 as described above.
The invention has the technical effects that: the stray light eliminating mechanism and the infrared detection device disclosed by the invention have the advantages that the stray light eliminating surface is arranged on the primary mirror of the stray light eliminating mechanism, the angle of the mirror surface from a small-angle stray light path of the primary mirror to the radius area within the central hole is changed through the matching of the field diaphragm, so that the stray light eliminating surface of the primary mirror 1 after the angle is changed is reflected to the outside of the secondary mirror after the incident of the stray light entering the radius area, and the stray light eliminating of the small-angle stray light is reduced or eliminated.
The stray light eliminating mechanism 100 according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-2, a parasitic light removal mechanism 100 is illustrated in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The stray light eliminating mechanism 100 includes: a primary mirror 1, a secondary mirror 2, a field stop 3 and an outer light shield 4. The angle of the mirror surface of the radius area from the primary mirror 1 to the center hole 11 is changed, so that the extraneous light entering the area is reflected to the outside of the secondary mirror 2 through the mirror surface of the primary mirror 1 after the angle is changed after the extraneous light enters the area, and the extraneous light cannot enter the image surface 5 through the optical path of the secondary mirror 2 after entering the secondary mirror 2. After the stray light with a smaller angle enters, the stray light is absorbed by the surface of the field diaphragm 3, and the light energy reflected to the secondary mirror 2 is greatly reduced, so that the purpose of inhibiting and eliminating the stray light with a small angle is achieved.
In the stray light eliminating mechanism 100 of the present invention, the diameter D of the primary mirror 10Angle of view omega, secondary mirror 2 diameter D1The size D of the central hole 11 of the primary mirror 1hDiameter D of small-angle stray light rangezThe length L of the outer lens hood 4 of the optical system and the distance L of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror 20. The rise from the radius of the range of the stray light on the primary mirror to the edge of the primary mirror is h1The rise from the radius of the range of the stray light on the primary mirror to the central hole of the primary mirror is h2。
The opening size of the field diaphragm 3 is determined by optical design, the field diaphragm 3 as a key component for eliminating stray light has high surface absorptivity and low reflectivity, so that the area of the field diaphragm 3 is in positive correlation with the self radiation of the field diaphragm 3, and the light-passing area of the field diaphragm 3 is S0The projection area of the field diaphragm 3 facing the secondary mirror 2 is S1Then, then
S1＝(πDh 2)/4-S0
Thus, by increasing the size D of the central aperture 11 of the primary mirror 1hIf the field diaphragm 3 is used for inhibiting small-angle stray light, the projection area of the field diaphragm 3 facing the secondary mirror 2 is inevitably S1The increase of the radiation of the system itself increases, and although the stray light is suppressed, the increase of the radiation of the system itself is inevitable.
The invention changes the diameter D of the range from the shape of the primary mirror 1 to the appearance of small-angle stray lightzSuppression of small angle veiling glare by in-range facet shapingThe area with changed surface is still mirror surface, and the radiation of the system is not increased. The stray light eliminating surface of the primary mirror 1 is connected with the mirror surface to form an integrated composite surface type, and the integrated processing can be directly utilized, so that the integration level of the system is improved.
The direction and position of the change of the profile of the parasitic light-eliminating surface can be determined by the following method: within the meridian section of the optical system, a small-angle stray light range maximum diameter D appearszThe point A is intersected with the primary mirror 1, the lower edge of a central hole 11 of the primary mirror 1 is a point B, the lower edge of the outer light shield 4 is a point P, the lower edge of the secondary mirror 2 is a point M, the AP and the AM are connected to form an angular bisector A1A, the crossing point A is used as AB1 to intersect with the plane of the field diaphragm 3 at a point B1, the AB1 is perpendicular to the A1A, and the AB1 is the stray light eliminating surface of the primary mirror 1 after the surface type is changed. After entering the optical system, the small-angle stray light generating the primary stray light is reflected by the stray light eliminating surface of the primary mirror 1, is emitted below a lower edge M point of the secondary mirror 2, and does not enter the optical system after being reflected by the secondary mirror 2. Therefore, the included angle theta between the stray light eliminating surface AB1 and the optical axis is as follows:
the stray light of smaller angle will hit the front surface of the field stop 3 directly after entering the optical system, and this portion of stray light is suppressed by the higher absorbing surface properties. In the invention, the front surface of the field diaphragm 3 is sprayed with high-absorptivity matting paint with the thickness of 0.04-0.08mm, so that the absorptivity of the field diaphragm in an infrared spectrum is higher than 97%, and the stray light eliminating surface of the primary mirror 1 and the mirror surface of the primary mirror 1 are coated with a reflecting film together, so that the reflectivity of the field diaphragm in the infrared spectrum is higher than 98%.
The stray light eliminating mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) without increasing the self-radiation of the system
The embodiment of the invention does not adopt the conventional mode of increasing the area of the field diaphragm to eliminate stray light, but adopts the high-reflectivity surface integrated with the reflector, and greatly reduces the self radiation brought by the field diaphragm in an infrared system.
(2) High integration level and good stability
According to the embodiment of the invention, the shading structure and the reflector are combined, and the shading structure does not need to be processed independently, so that the number of structural parts is reduced, the weight of the system is reduced, and the integration level and the stability of the system are improved.
(3) The design and the process are easy to realize
According to the embodiment of the invention, the effect of eliminating stray light is realized by changing the structure of the reflector, no new structure and surface attribute are added, no redundant connection link is needed, the design and the process are easy to realize, and the risk is low.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A parasitic light removal mechanism, comprising:
the main mirror is arranged on an optical axis, and a central hole is formed in the center of the main mirror;
a secondary mirror disposed on the optical axis;
and the field diaphragm is arranged between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror, and changes the angle from the small-angle stray light path of the primary mirror to the mirror surface of the radius area within the central hole, so that the stray light entering the radius area is incident and reflected to the outside of the secondary mirror through the stray light eliminating surface of the primary mirror after the angle is changed.
2. The parasitic light removal mechanism of claim 1, further comprising an outer light shield disposed outside of and connected to the primary mirror.
3. A parasitic light removal mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein said parasitic light removal surface is defined by:
the maximum diameter Dz of the small-angle stray light range is arranged to be intersected with the main mirror at the point A, the lower edge of a center hole of the main mirror is the point B, the lower edge of the outer light shield is the point P, the lower edge of the secondary mirror is the point M, the AP and the AM are connected to form an angular bisector A1A, the point A is crossed to form an AB1 intersection field diaphragm plane at the point B1, the AB1 is perpendicular to the A1A, and the AB1 is the stray light eliminating surface of the main mirror.
4. A parasitic light eliminating mechanism according to claim 3, wherein an included angle θ is formed between the parasitic light eliminating surface and the optical axis, and the included angle satisfies the following condition:
wherein the diameter of the primary mirror is D0，
The angle of view is omega, and the diameter of the secondary mirror is D1，
The diameter of the central hole of the primary mirror is Dh，
The diameter of the range of small-angle stray light is Dz，
The length of the outer light shield is L,
the distance between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is L0，
The rise from the radius of the range of the stray light on the primary mirror to the edge of the primary mirror is h1，
The rise from the radius of the range of the stray light appearing on the primary mirror to the central hole of the primary mirror is h2。
5. A parasitic light removal mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parasitic light removal surface of the primary mirror is a mirror surface.
6. The parasitic light eliminating mechanism of claim 1, wherein the field stop is provided with a matting varnish having an absorption rate higher than 97% in the infrared spectrum on the front surface, and the matting varnish has a thickness of 0.04-0.08 mm.
7. The parasitic light removal mechanism of claim 5, wherein said parasitic light removal surface of said primary mirror is provided with the same reflective film as said primary mirror, and wherein said parasitic light removal surface of said primary mirror has a reflectivity in the infrared spectrum greater than 98%.
8. The parasitic light removal mechanism of claim 7, wherein said parasitic light removal surface of said primary mirror is coupled to said primary mirror to form an integral compound surface profile.
9. The parasitic light elimination mechanism of claim 2 wherein a matting paint is disposed within the outer light shield.
10. An infrared detection device, characterized in that it comprises a parasitic light removal means as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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