CN112378556A - Optical fiber sensing-based method for monitoring concrete stress on inner wall of pipe jacking pipe joint - Google Patents
Optical fiber sensing-based method for monitoring concrete stress on inner wall of pipe jacking pipe joint Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
- G01L1/246—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre using integrated gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/247—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet using distributed sensing elements, e.g. microcapsules
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for monitoring concrete stress on the inner wall of a pipe jacking pipe joint based on optical fiber sensing, which comprises the following steps: s1, cleaning the pipe joint ring, making an optical cable arrangement indicating line, and coating epoxy resin glue; s2, laying the optical cables, and pressing the compact optical cables by using rollers; s3, brushing a layer of epoxy resin glue on the upper portion of the optical cable again, fixing the optical cable temporarily by using the cloth-based adhesive tape, and curing the epoxy glue; and S4, connecting the optical cable with data acquisition equipment, calculating the strain of the optical fiber by measuring the frequency drift amount and the reflection wavelength drift amount of the back natural Brillouin scattering light in the optical fiber, and further measuring the stress change of the concrete on the inner wall of the pipe joint. According to the invention, the annular glass fiber composite base optical cable is arranged on the three sections of the pipe joints, the frequency drift amount and the reflection wavelength drift amount of the backward natural Brillouin scattering light in the optical fiber are measured through the data acquisition equipment, and then the strain amount of the optical fiber is calculated and used for representing the stress change of the concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pipe jacking stress monitoring, in particular to a method for monitoring concrete stress on the inner wall of a pipe jacking pipe joint based on optical fiber sensing.
Background
The pipe jacking technology is used as a non-excavation technology, has the advantages of high construction speed, high automation degree, manpower resource saving, coordination with the environment and the like, and is increasingly applied to the construction process of underground tunnels. In order to realize long-distance pipe jacking, friction between the pipeline and surrounding soil or surrounding rocks should be reduced and overcome as much as possible, and common measures include reducing jacking distance between the pipelines, increasing jacking force, injecting lubricating materials around the pipeline, and the like. However, under complex geological conditions, the long-distance jacking pipe still often meets the situation of jacking obstruction, and the smooth project can be ensured only by timely getting rid of the trouble.
At present, the stress change of the pipeline under the condition of applying the jacking force can be obtained by arranging monitoring instruments on the periphery inside the pipeline, so that the jacking force transmission distance can be judged, and the pipeline with larger jacking force consumption can be found out, so that targeted measures can be taken to overcome difficulties, and the pipe-jacking construction can be carried out smoothly. But prior art lacks the concrete stress to the pipe coupling inner wall and detects, can't accurate judgement obstructed position when the pipe coupling is inside obstructed to unable timely processing seriously influences the construction progress of push pipe engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects mentioned in the background art, the invention aims to provide a method for monitoring concrete stress on the inner wall of a pipe joint of a push pipe based on optical fiber sensing.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for monitoring concrete stress on the inner wall of a pipe jacking pipe joint based on optical fiber sensing comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning the surface of the structural body at the position where the pipe joints are annularly distributed with the optical cables, removing impurities, making an optical cable distribution indicating line on the surface of the structural body, and brushing a layer of epoxy resin glue on the distribution indicating line according to a certain width;
s2, laying the optical cable on the glue coating along one direction, and pressing the compact optical cable by using a roller to make the optical cable fully contact with the glue;
s3, after the optical cable is laid, coating a layer of epoxy resin glue on the upper portion of the optical cable again, pressing the optical cable tightly by using the roller again, and then temporarily fixing the optical cable by using the cloth-based adhesive tape to prevent the optical cable from falling off, wherein the optical cable can be firmly fixed on the surface of the structure body and can be well coupled with the structure body after the epoxy resin glue is cured for about 24 hours;
and S4, connecting the optical cable with data acquisition equipment, calculating the strain of the optical fiber by measuring the frequency drift amount and the reflection wavelength drift amount of the back natural Brillouin scattering light in the optical fiber, and further measuring the stress change of the concrete on the inner wall of the pipe joint.
Preferably, the optical cable is a glass fiber composite-based optical cable, and a 0.9mm high-transmission tight-covering sheath strain sensing optical cable is embedded in the optical cable.
Preferably, in step S1, the cable is laid at three sections of the tube section, and the cable is circumferentially arranged along the inner wall of the tube section.
Preferably, the data acquisition equipment is a distributed fiber strain demodulator or a cabinet type modular fiber grating equipment.
Preferably, the data acquisition device is a distributed optical fiber strain demodulator, and the strain amount of the optical fiber is calculated according to the following formula:
in formula (I): v. ofB(epsilon) is the amount of drift of the Brillouin frequency when the strain is epsilon;
vB(0) is to applyA drift amount of the brillouin frequency at 0;
ε is the strain of the fiber.
Preferably, the data acquisition device is a cabinet type modular fiber grating device, and the strain of the optical fiber is calculated according to the following formula:
ΔλB＝αεε+αTΔT (Ⅱ)；
in formula (II): delta lambdaBIs the reflected wavelength drift amount;
aεis the strain sensitive coefficient of the fiber bragg grating;
aTthe temperature sensitivity coefficient of the fiber bragg grating;
Δ T is a temperature change value
ε is the strain of the fiber.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the annular glass fiber composite base optical cable is arranged on the three sections of the pipe joints, the frequency drift amount and the reflection wavelength drift amount of the backward natural Brillouin scattering light in the optical fiber are measured through the data acquisition equipment, and then the strain amount of the optical fiber is calculated and used for representing the stress change of the concrete. The distributed glass fiber composite base optical cable has a certain width, can obtain more contact areas so as to improve the coupling property and the deformation transmissibility, has light weight and soft quality, is simple to lay and is not easy to fall off, so that the sensor works more reliably, the optical cable is completely protected by high-strength engineering woven cloth, and the survival rate of the sensing optical fiber is improved. The invention adopts distributed strain test, can test the strain of each point along the sensing optical cable, controls the monitoring body in a whole way, does not leak detection and monitoring, and has long monitoring distance, large range, low system cost, easy integration, high testing precision and accurate positioning.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view A of the cable deployment location of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view B of the cable deployment location of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of strain calculation of an optical fiber according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an FBG sensing system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "opening," "upper," "lower," "thickness," "top," "middle," "length," "inner," "peripheral," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship that is merely for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced component or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, a method for monitoring concrete stress on the inner wall of a pipe jacking pipe joint based on optical fiber sensing comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning the surface of the structural body at the position where the optical cables are annularly arranged on the three sections of the pipe joint, removing impurities, making an optical cable arrangement indicating line on the surface of the structural body, and coating a layer of epoxy resin glue on the arrangement indicating line according to a certain width;
s2, laying a 0.9mm glass fiber composite base optical cable on the glue coating along one direction, and pressing the compact optical cable by adopting a roller to ensure that the optical cable is fully contacted with the glue;
s3, after the optical cable is laid, coating a layer of epoxy resin glue on the upper portion of the optical cable again, pressing the optical cable tightly by using the roller again, and then temporarily fixing the optical cable by using the cloth-based adhesive tape to prevent the optical cable from falling off, wherein the optical cable can be firmly fixed on the surface of the structure body and can be well coupled with the structure body after the epoxy resin glue is cured for about 24 hours;
and S4, connecting the optical cable with a distributed optical fiber strain demodulator, calculating the strain of the optical fiber by measuring the frequency drift amount of the back natural Brillouin scattering light in the optical fiber, and further measuring the stress change of the concrete on the inner wall of the pipe joint.
In order to obtain the strain distribution distributed optical fiber strain demodulator along the optical fiber, the Brillouin scattering spectrum along the optical fiber needs to be obtained, namely the theta along the optical fiber needs to be obtainedBAnd (4) distribution. The pumping light is incident from one end of the optical fiber at a certain frequency, the incident pulse light and the acoustic phonon in the optical fiber generate Brillouin scattering after interaction, the backward Brillouin scattering light returns to the incident end of the pulse light along the original optical fiber path and enters a light receiving part and a signal processing unit of a BOFDA, and the power distribution of the Brillouin back scattering light along the optical fiber can be obtained through a series of complex signal processing. The distance Z from the position where scattering occurs to the incident end of the pulsed light, i.e., to the BOFDA, can be calculated by formula iii. Then, the frequency of the incident light is changed according to the method at certain intervals for repeated measurement, so that the spectrogram of the Brillouin scattered light of each sampling point on the optical fiber can be obtained, the Brillouin back scattering spectrum is in a Lorentz shape theoretically, and the frequency corresponding to the peak power is the Brillouin frequency shift thetaB。
Wherein c is the speed of light in vacuum;
n is the refractive index of the optical fiber;
t is the time interval between the emitted pulsed light and the received scattered light.
Fig. 1 is a linear relationship between the brillouin frequency shift and the strain of the optical fiber, the slope of which depends on the wavelength of the probe light and the type of optical fiber used, which needs to be calibrated before testing.
The strain amount and brillouin frequency shift of the optical fiber can be expressed by the following formula:
wherein: v. ofB(epsilon) is the amount of drift of the Brillouin frequency when the strain is epsilon;
vB(0) is the drift amount of the brillouin frequency at strain 0;
ε is the strain of the fiber.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1-2, a method for monitoring concrete stress on the inner wall of a pipe jacking pipe joint based on optical fiber sensing comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning the surface of the structural body at the position where the optical cables are annularly arranged on the three sections of the pipe joint, removing impurities, making an optical cable arrangement indicating line on the surface of the structural body, and coating a layer of epoxy resin glue on the arrangement indicating line according to a certain width;
s2, laying a 0.9mm glass fiber composite base optical cable on the glue coating along one direction, and pressing the compact optical cable by adopting a roller to ensure that the optical cable is fully contacted with the glue;
s3, after the optical cable is laid, coating a layer of epoxy resin glue on the upper portion of the optical cable again, pressing the optical cable tightly by using the roller again, and then temporarily fixing the optical cable by using the cloth-based adhesive tape to prevent the optical cable from falling off, wherein the optical cable can be firmly fixed on the surface of the structure body and can be well coupled with the structure body after the epoxy resin glue is cured for about 24 hours;
and S4, connecting the optical cable with the cabinet type modular fiber grating equipment, calculating the strain of the optical fiber by measuring the reflection wavelength drift amount in the optical fiber, and further measuring to obtain the concrete stress change of the inner wall of the pipe joint.
When the temperature or the stress is changed, the optical fiber generates axial strain, the strain enables the grating period to be enlarged, meanwhile, the radius of the core layer and the cladding layer of the optical fiber is reduced, the refractive index of the optical fiber is changed through the photoelastic effect, and therefore the wavelength deviation of the grating is caused. And calculating to obtain the strain quantity of the measured structure by utilizing the linear relation between the strain and the wavelength offset of the grating. The FBG sensing system principle is shown in fig. 2.
The FBG is formed by periodically changing the refractive index of the fiber core along the axial direction of the fiber, and when the incident laser wavelength and the period of the FBG satisfy the condition of formula (IV), the grating can reflect the laser. As can be seen from formula (IV), the wavelength λ reflected by the FBGBDepending on the grid spacing and the refractive index of the fiber, a shift in the grid spacing and refractive index may occur when the fiber is axially deformed and changes in temperature, and the reflected wavelength may shift accordingly, i.e. by measuring λBThe drift amount is the deformation amount or temperature variation of the optical fiber.
λB＝2neffΛ (Ⅳ)
According to experimental research, strain and temperature are equal to the central wavelength lambdaBThe linear relationship is good and independent, and the correlation formula is shown in formula (II).
ΔλB＝αεε+αTΔT (Ⅱ)
In the formula, aεIs the strain sensitive coefficient of the fiber grating, aTThe temperature sensitivity coefficient of the fiber grating is shown, delta T is a temperature change value, and epsilon is a strain quantity of the fiber.
Nowadays, the wavelength demodulation precision of the FBG reaches 1pm, the corresponding strain test precision is about 1 microstrain, and the temperature demodulation precision is 0.1 ℃. Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs), also known as fiber strain gages, achieve fiber bragg grating strain or temperature measurements primarily by measuring the FBG's reflected wavelength changes. Because FBG can carry out the accurate measurement to the micro deformation of material, for this reason with FBG encapsulation to adhere to on the elastic element can encapsulate into sensors such as pressure, displacement, slope and stress, realize following multivariable sensing test.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (6)
1. A method for monitoring concrete stress on the inner wall of a pipe jacking pipe joint based on optical fiber sensing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, cleaning the surface of the structural body at the position where the pipe joints are annularly distributed with the optical cables, removing impurities, making an optical cable distribution indicating line on the surface of the structural body, and brushing a layer of epoxy resin glue on the distribution indicating line according to a certain width;
s2, laying the optical cable on the glue coating along one direction, and pressing the compact optical cable by using a roller to make the optical cable fully contact with the glue;
s3, after the optical cable is laid, coating a layer of epoxy resin glue on the upper portion of the optical cable again, pressing the optical cable tightly by using the roller again, and then temporarily fixing the optical cable by using the cloth-based adhesive tape to prevent the optical cable from falling off, wherein the optical cable can be firmly fixed on the surface of the structure body and can be well coupled with the structure body after the epoxy resin glue is cured for about 24 hours;
and S4, connecting the optical cable with data acquisition equipment, calculating the strain of the optical fiber by measuring the frequency drift amount and the reflection wavelength drift amount of the back natural Brillouin scattering light in the optical fiber, and further measuring the stress change of the concrete on the inner wall of the pipe joint.
2. The method for monitoring the concrete stress of the inner wall of the pipe jacking pipe joint based on the optical fiber sensing, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the optical cable is a glass fiber composite-based optical cable, and a 0.9mm high-transmission tight-package sheath strain sensing optical cable is embedded in the optical cable.
3. The method for monitoring the concrete stress on the inner wall of the pipe-jacking pipe section based on the optical fiber sensing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optical cables are laid at the three sections of the pipe-jacking pipe section in step S1, respectively, and the optical cables are arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the pipe section.
4. The method for monitoring the concrete stress on the inner wall of the pipe jacking pipe joint based on the optical fiber sensing according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition equipment is a distributed optical fiber strain demodulator or a cabinet type modular fiber grating equipment.
5. The method for monitoring the concrete stress of the inner wall of the pipe jacking pipe joint based on the optical fiber sensing as claimed in claim 4, wherein the data acquisition equipment is a distributed optical fiber strain demodulator, and the strain of the optical fiber is calculated according to the following formula:
in formula (I): v. ofB(epsilon) is the amount of drift of the Brillouin frequency when the strain is epsilon;
vB(0) is the drift amount of the brillouin frequency at strain 0;
ε is the strain of the fiber.
6. The method for monitoring the concrete stress of the inner wall of the pipe jacking pipe joint based on the optical fiber sensing is characterized in that the data acquisition equipment is cabinet type modular fiber grating equipment, and the strain capacity of the optical fiber is calculated according to the following formula:
ΔλB＝αεε+αTΔT (Ⅱ)；
in formula (II): delta lambdaBIs the reflected wavelength drift amount;
aεis the strain sensitive coefficient of the fiber bragg grating;
aTthe temperature sensitivity coefficient of the fiber bragg grating;
Δ T is a temperature change value
ε is the strain of the fiber.
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| CN114486028A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-05-13 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Multi-data-based real-time monitoring and regulating method for jacking force of jacking pipe |
| CN114812667A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-07-29 | 张鹏 | Transmission conductor detection method, structure and device based on multiple optical fibers |
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| CN114812667A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-07-29 | 张鹏 | Transmission conductor detection method, structure and device based on multiple optical fibers |
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Application publication date: 20210219 |