CN112373738B - Thin-wall structure vibration test device and method considering pressure difference condition - Google Patents
Thin-wall structure vibration test device and method considering pressure difference condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN112373738B CN112373738B CN202011324511.0A CN202011324511A CN112373738B CN 112373738 B CN112373738 B CN 112373738B CN 202011324511 A CN202011324511 A CN 202011324511A CN 112373738 B CN112373738 B CN 112373738B
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- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
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Abstract
The invention relates to a thin-wall structure vibration test device and a thin-wall structure vibration test method considering a pressure difference condition, and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft structure product vibration tests. The thin-wall structure is used as a part of the spacecraft cabin body, the thin-wall structure is a circular plate, and the thickness of the circular plate is not more than 15mm, preferably 15 mm. The device can synchronously realize the comprehensive loading of the pressure difference borne by the thin-wall structure while performing the vibration test on the thin-wall structure, and the device adopts the air bag flexible structure as the applying carrier of the pressure difference condition, so that the device can be ensured to be always in a close fit state with the thin-wall structure in the test process, and the pressure difference condition is applied uniformly and stably; meanwhile, the device has certain universality by adopting the flexible structure of the air bag, and is suitable for vibration tests of various spacecraft thin-wall structures with pressure difference and vibration combined working conditions; the test method is simple and reliable, and has strong universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a thin-wall structure vibration test device and a thin-wall structure vibration test method considering a pressure difference condition, and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft structure product vibration tests. The thin-wall structure is used as a part of the spacecraft cabin body, the thin-wall structure is a circular plate, and the thickness of the circular plate is not more than 15mm, preferably 15 mm.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous development of aerospace technology, the parachuting recovery landing system is widely applied to various aircrafts such as manned spacecraft re-entry capsules, reusable re-entry satellite re-entry capsules, deep space detectors, strategic tactical weapon data capsules and the like. A key part matched with the parachute landing recovery system is of a thin-wall structure, the function of the key part is to keep the complete appearance of the aircraft in the flying process of the aircraft, to avoid the contact of a parachute system and high-temperature airflow, and the parachute landing recovery system can be reliably separated to open a parachute outlet channel for the parachute during working. The thin-wall structure is mostly a wallboard structure, and is made of light low-strength materials such as aluminum alloy, honeycomb plate sandwich structure and carbon fiber.
Because one side of the thin-wall structure is exposed on the outer surface of the aircraft and the other side of the thin-wall structure faces the inner side of the aircraft, the pressure difference between the inner side and the outer side can occur in the takeoff section or the reentry section of the aircraft. The vibration test is widely applied as a method for measuring the mechanical load capacity of the thin-wall structure in the flight process. At the present stage, the condition of pressure difference is not considered when a vibration test is carried out on the thin-wall structure, the test method can only realize the test working condition of the thin-wall structure under a single vibration test condition, the influence of the thin-wall structure under the pressure difference and vibration comprehensive condition cannot be truly verified, and certain limitation exists in the performance evaluation of the thin-wall structure subjected to a mechanical environment test.
The air bag serving as a flexible structure used in the field of landing buffering has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, low cost, reusability, foldable storage, small installation volume and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of equipment air drop, unmanned aerial vehicle lossless recovery, new-generation multipurpose airship re-entry cabins and the like. Because the air bag is made of flexible materials, the air bag can be tightly attached to the surfaces of different structures after being inflated, and the adaptability is good.
Aiming at the problem that the pressure difference and vibration comprehensive working condition test verification cannot be realized in the current thin-wall structure vibration test, the invention combines the advantages of the air bag structure, and provides the thin-wall structure vibration test device and the test method considering the pressure difference condition, so that the comprehensive loading of the pressure difference and vibration conditions on the thin-wall structure can be realized, and a new high-efficiency test means is provided for the spacecraft thin-wall structure comprehensive vibration test.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a thin-wall structure vibration test device and a test method considering the pressure difference condition, which are used for loading the comprehensive working condition of pressure difference and vibration of an aircraft thin-wall structure under the working condition of pressure difference. The current thin-wall structure can only carry out single test under the vibration condition, and the mechanical environment tolerance performance under the condition of pressure difference can only adopt numerical simulation, and the actual working condition of the thin-wall structure cannot be truly verified. The device simple structure, installation and debugging are convenient, adopt gasbag flexible construction can guarantee with the inseparable laminating of thin wall structure, and pressure differential loading precision is higher. The method provides an efficient solution for applying the differential pressure composite load when the vibration test is carried out on the thin-wall structure.
The invention relates to a thin-wall structure vibration test device considering differential pressure conditions, which consists of a mechanical fixed platform and a differential pressure loading system;
the mechanical fixing platform is arranged on the mounting surface of the vibration test bed and comprises a fixing pressing plate and a first fixing adhesive buckle. The position relation is that the lower end face of the fixed pressing plate is connected with the mounting face of the vibration test bed through a bolt, the upper end face of the fixed pressing plate is connected with the thin-wall structure through a bolt, and the first fixed thread gluing is adhered to the fixed pressing plate and serves as a mounting interface with the differential pressure loading system. The fixed pressure plate is made of steel (45#) or aluminum (2A12) materials, and the type and the number of the installation interfaces of the fixed pressure plate and the thin-wall structure can be adaptively designed according to the thin-wall structure. The first fixed thread gluing is made of nylon materials, and the size, the bonding quantity and the bonding position of the first fixed thread gluing can be adaptively designed with a differential pressure loading system.
The differential pressure loading system comprises a differential pressure airbag module and a pressurization module. The position connection relationship is as follows: the pressure difference air bag module is arranged between the mechanical fixing platform and the thin-wall structure and is used for applying constant pressure in a fixed direction to the thin-wall structure; the pressurizing module is connected with the differential pressure air bag module, and is used for inflating the differential pressure air bag module and maintaining the internal pressure of the differential pressure air bag module to be constant.
The pressure difference air bag module is an air bag flexible structure consisting of an air inlet valve, an air outlet valve, a piece of cloth liner, an inflation tube, a fixing buckle loop, an air bag upper end face, an air bag lower end face, an air bag side face, an upper fixing buckle, a lower fixing buckle and a second fixing buckle. The air inlet valve is a commercially available part, the air inlet valve penetrates through the mounting hole of the inflation tube and is pressed with the inflation tube into a whole through an adhesive and is fixedly connected through a nut, and the connection part among the nut, the inflation tube and the air inlet valve is locally reinforced through a cloth liner; the air inlet valve can control the inflation air quantity of the differential pressure air bag module and inflate the differential pressure air bag module in a single direction, and high-pressure air cannot be discharged through the air inlet valve after the inflation is finished, so that the reverse sealing function is performed on the differential pressure air bag module; the exhaust valve is also a commercially available part, the installation position of the exhaust valve is opposite to the air inlet valve, the exhaust valve penetrates through the installation hole of the inflation tube and is pressed with the inflation tube into a whole through an adhesive and is fixedly connected through a nut, and the connection part is locally reinforced through a cloth liner among the nut, the inflation tube and the exhaust valve; the exhaust valve is used for exhausting the air quantity of the differential pressure air bag module after the test is finished; the cloth liner is an FST1003TPU film with the thickness of 0.1 mm; the inflation tube is a connecting device of the differential pressure air bag module and the pressurizing module and is an inflation interface of the differential pressure air bag module, one end of the inflation tube is connected with the pressurizing module through an air inlet valve, the other end of the inflation tube is combined with the side face of the air bag in a hot mode, the inflation tube is of a flat tube structure and made of 210D oxford, and in order to guarantee that the differential pressure air bag module and the pressurizing module have a sufficient safety distance, the length of the inflation tube is generally more than or equal to 5 m; fixing buckles are thermally sealed on the inflation tube every 1m and used for fixing the inflation tube, so that the inflation tube is prevented from being beaten after being inflated, the fixing buckles are in a rectangular structure with the shape of 20mm multiplied by 50mm and made of 210D oxford; the upper end surface of the air bag, the lower end surface of the air bag and the side surface of the air bag are thermally synthesized into a thin cylindrical sealing structure to jointly form a core module of the differential pressure air bag module; the shapes of the upper end surface of the air bag and the lower end surface of the air bag are both in a circular sheet shape; the side surface of the air bag is in a sheet-shaped strip shape; the upper end face, the lower end face and the side face of the air bag are all made of 210D oxford; the sizes of the upper end surface of the air bag, the lower end surface of the air bag and the side surface of the air bag can be designed in an adaptive way according to the specific shape of the thin-wall structure; the upper fixed thread gluing is adhered to the outer side of the upper end face of the air bag and serves as an installation interface with the thin-wall structure, the upper fixed thread gluing is made of nylon materials, and the size, the adhering quantity and the adhering position of the upper fixed thread gluing can be designed to be adaptive to the specific shape of the thin-wall structure; the lower fixed thread gluing is adhered to the outer side of the lower end face of the air bag and serves as an installation interface with the mechanical fixing platform, the lower fixed thread gluing is installed corresponding to the first fixed thread gluing, the lower fixed thread gluing is made of nylon materials, and the size, the adhering quantity and the adhering position of the lower fixed thread gluing correspond to those of the first fixed thread gluing; the second fixed thread gluing is adhered to the thin-wall structure and serves as an installation interface of the thin-wall structure and the pressure difference air bag module, the second fixed thread gluing is installed corresponding to the upper fixed thread gluing, the second fixed thread gluing is made of nylon materials, and the size, the adhesion quantity and the adhesion position of the second fixed thread gluing correspond to those of the upper fixed thread gluing.
The pressurizing module comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder, a monitoring pressure gauge, an exhaust port and an exhaust pipeline, and the pressurizing module is a commercially available product. The position connection relationship is as follows: the air outlet of the high-pressure air bottle is externally connected with an exhaust pipeline, and the exhaust port is arranged at the end part of the exhaust pipeline and is in threaded connection with an air inlet valve and used for inflating the differential pressure air bag module; the exhaust port can control the displacement of the high-pressure gas cylinder, so that the pressure difference air bag module is prevented from being damaged by overshoot during the exhaust of the high-pressure gas cylinder; the monitoring pressure gauge is arranged between the gas outlet of the high-pressure gas cylinder and the gas outlet, monitors the internal pressure of the differential pressure air bag module in real time and is used for carrying out follow-up control on the inflation pressure of the differential pressure air bag module.
Wherein, the quantity of fixed clamp plate is 1 set, and the quantity of first fixed thread gluing needs to design.
Wherein, the number of the air inlet valves is 1 set; the number of the laying cloth is 2; the number of the inflation tubes is 1 set; the number of the fixing buckles is determined by the length of the inflation tube; the number of the upper end surfaces of the air bags is 1; the number of the lower end faces of the air bags is 1; the number of the side surfaces of the air bag is 1 set; the number of the upper fixed thread gluing is required to be designed; the number of the lower fixed thread gluing is equal to that of the first fixed thread gluing.
Wherein, the number of the high-pressure gas cylinders is 1 set; monitoring the number of the pressure gauges to be 1 set; the number of the exhaust valves is 1 set; the number of exhaust lines is 1 set.
(2) The invention relates to a thin-wall structure vibration test method considering a pressure difference condition, which comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: clamping of a mechanical fixing platform: and fixing the mechanical fixing platform on the mounting surface of the vibration test bed to complete the connection of the mechanical fixing platform and the vibration test bed.
Step two: installation and initialization of the pressurizing module: confirming the quantity of the high-pressure gas cylinder, completing the installation of the high-pressure gas cylinder, an exhaust pipeline, a monitoring pressure gauge and an exhaust port, and checking and confirming the installation state of a pressurizing module; at the moment, the high-pressure gas cylinder and the exhaust port are in a closed state, and the monitoring pressure gauge is in an initial zero position.
Step three: checking the state of the differential pressure air bag module: checking whether the upper end face, the lower end face and the side face of the air bag in the differential pressure air bag module are abraded or not, and confirming the installation states of an air inlet valve, an air outlet valve, an inflation tube, an upper fixed thread gluing and a lower fixed thread gluing; at the moment, the air inlet valve and the exhaust valve are in a closed state, and the pressure difference module is in an uninflated state.
Step four: checking the air tightness of the differential pressure loading system: connecting an exhaust port of the pressurizing module with an air inlet valve of the differential pressure air bag module to complete the installation of the differential pressure loading system; opening an exhaust port and an intake valve, wherein the exhaust valve is in a closed state; finally, opening the high-pressure gas cylinder, filling gas with a gas amount of 10% of the target pressure into the differential pressure gas bag module, closing the high-pressure gas cylinder, maintaining the pressure for 5min, paying attention to the pressure value of the differential pressure loading system in real time by monitoring a pressure gauge, and after 5min, if the pressure displayed by the monitoring pressure gauge is within +/-5% of the filling pressure, indicating that the differential pressure loading system is good in air tightness; if the pressure displayed by the monitoring pressure gauge exceeds +/-5% of the filling pressure, opening the exhaust valve to exhaust the air quantity of the differential pressure loading system, confirming the connection links of the differential pressure loading system one by one, and then repeating the steps to recheck the air tightness of the differential pressure loading system until the air tightness of the differential pressure loading system meets the requirement.
Step five: installation of a mechanical fixing platform and a differential pressure loading system: and connecting the differential pressure air bag module with a first fixed thread gluing of the mechanical fixing platform through a lower fixed thread gluing to complete the installation of the mechanical fixing platform and the differential pressure loading system. At the moment, the high-pressure gas cylinder, the exhaust port, the gas inlet valve and the exhaust valve are in a closed state, the pressure gauge is detected to be at an initial zero position, and the differential pressure air bag module is in an uninflated state.
Step six: installation of thin-wall structure and differential pressure loading system: the same number of second fixed thread gluing are stuck to the corresponding position of the thin-wall structure, which is stuck with the upper fixed thread gluing, and the thin-wall structure is stuck with the upper fixed thread gluing through the second fixed thread gluing to realize the installation with the differential pressure loading system; and finally, the thin-wall structure is screwed with the fixed pressing plate.
Step seven: and (3) pressurizing the thin-wall structure: firstly, opening an exhaust port and an air inlet valve, closing the exhaust valve, and detecting that a pressure gauge is at an initial zero position. And opening the high-pressure gas cylinder, filling gas with the target pressure into the pressure difference air bag module, monitoring the pressure value in real time through the monitoring pressure gauge, closing the high-pressure gas cylinder when the pressure value reaches the target pressure, maintaining the pressure for 5min, and starting the vibration test when the monitoring pressure value displayed by the monitoring pressure gauge is in a stable state and is within +/-5% of the target pressure.
Step eight: vibration tests were performed. And starting the vibration test bed, and carrying out a vibration test on the thin-wall structure according to given vibration test conditions.
The thin-wall structure vibration test implementation process considering the pressure difference condition needs to be carried out according to the steps.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the thin-wall structure vibration test device and the test method considering the pressure difference condition have the beneficial effects that:
the device can synchronously realize the comprehensive loading of the pressure difference borne by the thin-wall structure while performing the vibration test on the thin-wall structure, can apply the actual comprehensive working condition borne by the spacecraft thin-wall structure in the takeoff section or the reentry section, and improves the accuracy of the mechanical property verification of the current spacecraft thin-wall structure vibration test;
the device performs the thin-wall structure vibration test considering the pressure difference condition, so that the authenticity and the reliability of the mechanical property of the thin-wall structure vibration test are improved, and the real test result comparison is provided for adopting numerical simulation;
the device adopts the air bag flexible structure as an applying carrier of the pressure difference condition, can ensure that the device is always in a close fit state with the thin-wall structure in the test process, and the pressure difference condition is applied uniformly and stably; meanwhile, the device has certain universality by adopting the flexible structure of the air bag, and is suitable for vibration tests of various spacecraft thin-wall structures with pressure difference and vibration combined working conditions; the test method is simple and reliable, and has strong universality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a mechanical fastening platform;
FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a differential pressure airbag module;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a differential pressure bladder module;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the overall installation of the pressurizing module and the testing apparatus;
1-fixed pressing plate, 2-first fixed thread gluing, 3-air inlet valve, 4-exhaust valve, 5-laying cloth, 6-inflation tube, 7-fixed button loop, 8-air bag upper end face, 9-upper fixed thread gluing, 10-second fixed thread gluing, 11-air bag side face, 12-air bag lower end face, 13-lower fixed thread gluing, 14-high pressure gas bottle, 15-monitoring pressure gauge, 16-exhaust port and 17-exhaust pipeline.
Detailed Description
The following explains the specific embodiment of the present invention with a specific flat thin-wall structure in combination with the attached drawings:
the invention relates to a thin-wall structure vibration test device considering differential pressure conditions.
The structure of the mechanical fixing platform is schematically shown in fig. 1. The mechanical fixing platform consists of a fixing pressing plate 1 and a first fixing thread gluing 2. The fixed pressing plate 1 is fixed on the mounting surface of the vibration test bed through screws, and 8 cylindrical structures are processed on the fixed pressing plate 1 and mounting threaded holes with thin-wall structures are reserved on the cylindrical structures; 6 first fixed thread gluing 2 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the diameter 430mm of the bottom surface of the fixed pressing plate 1, the first fixed thread gluing 2 is bonded with the fixed pressing plate 1 through an adhesive, and the 6 first fixed thread gluing 2 are installation interfaces of a differential pressure loading system. The fixed pressing plate 1 is a square flat plate structure made of aluminum (2A12), and the first fixed sticky buckle 2 is made of nylon material and has the size of 40mm multiplied by 25mm multiplied by 0.5 mm.
The differential pressure loading system consists of a differential pressure air bag module and a pressurizing module.
As shown in fig. 2, the differential pressure airbag module is an airbag flexible structure, and is composed of an intake valve 3, an exhaust valve 4, a cloth liner 5, an inflation tube 6, a fixing buckle 7, an airbag upper end surface 8, an upper fixing buckle 9, an airbag side surface 11, an airbag lower end surface 12, a lower fixing buckle 13, and a second fixing buckle 10.
As shown in fig. 3, the air inlet valve 3 and the air outlet valve 4 are arranged at the end part of the inflation tube 6 in a mirror image manner, the air inlet valve 3 and the air outlet valve 4 respectively penetrate through mounting holes on the inflation tube 6, nuts are respectively adopted to be screwed on the outer side of the inflation tube 6, local reinforcement is respectively carried out between the air inlet valve 3 and the inflation tube 6, between the air inlet valve 3 and the screwing nut, between the air outlet valve 4 and the inflation tube 6 and between the air outlet valve 4 and the screwing nut through 1 piece of cloth liner 5, and the cloth liner 5 is an FST1003TPU film with the thickness of 0.1 mm; the inflatable tube 6 and the side surface 11 of the air bag are thermally combined together, a flat tube structure with the length of 5m and the thickness of about 40mm is adopted, 5 fixing buckle loops 7 are thermally welded on one side of the inflatable tube 6 and used for fixing the inflatable tube 6, and the fixing buckle loops 7 are made of 210D oxford; the upper end surface 8 of the air bag, the side surface 11 of the air bag and the lower end surface 12 of the air bag are thermally synthesized into a cylindrical sealing structure with the diameter of 0.55m and the thickness of about 70mm, and 210D oxford is adopted for the upper end surface 8 of the air bag, the side surface 11 of the air bag and the lower end surface 12 of the air bag; 6 upper fixed thread gluing 9 are uniformly adhered to the circumference of the upper end face 8 of the air bag along the diameter of 430mm, the upper fixed thread gluing 9 is adhered to the upper end face 8 of the air bag through an adhesive, the 6 upper fixed thread gluing 9 are installation interfaces with a thin-wall structure, and the upper fixed thread gluing 9 is made of nylon materials and has the size of 40mm multiplied by 25mm multiplied by 0.5 mm; 6 second fixed thread gluing 10 are uniformly distributed on the thin-wall structure at the same positions as the 6 upper fixed thread gluing 9 and are used for connecting the thin-wall structure with the pressure difference air bag module, and the second fixed thread gluing 10 is made of nylon materials and has the size of 40mm multiplied by 25mm multiplied by 0.5 mm; 6 lower part fixed thread gluing 13 are uniformly adhered to the circumference of the lower end face 12 of the air bag along the diameter of 430mm, and are matched with 6 first fixed thread gluing 2 to realize the connection of the pressure difference air bag module and the mechanical fixed platform.
As shown in fig. 4, the high-pressure gas cylinder 14 in the pressurizing module is fixed on the ground, the exhaust pipeline 17 is connected from the air outlet of the high-pressure gas cylinder 14, and the monitoring pressure gauge 15 is screwed between the air outlet of the high-pressure gas cylinder 14 and the exhaust port 16 to monitor the inflation pressure; the exhaust port 16 is in threaded connection with the air inlet valve 3, so that the connection between the pressurization module and the differential pressure air bag module is realized.
In this embodiment, the inflation pressure of the high-pressure gas cylinder 14 is 5MPa to 12 MPa.
As shown in fig. 4, the thin-wall structure vibration test method considering the pressure difference condition of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: clamping of a mechanical fixing platform: and fixing the fixed pressing plate 1 bonded with the first fixed thread gluing 2 on the mounting surface of the vibration test bed through screws to complete the connection of the mechanical fixed platform and the vibration test bed.
Step two: installation and initialization of the pressurizing module: and filling the high-pressure gas cylinder 14, screwing one end of the exhaust pipeline 17 with the gas outlet of the high-pressure gas cylinder 14, then completing the screwing of the monitoring pressure gauge 15 and the exhaust pipeline 17, screwing the exhaust port 16 at the end part of the exhaust pipeline 17, and straightening the exhaust pipeline 17. And closing the air outlet and the air outlet 16 of the high-pressure air bottle 14, and monitoring the zero setting initialization processing of the pressure gauge 15.
Step three: checking the state of the differential pressure air bag module: checking whether the upper end surface 8, the lower end surface 12 and the side surface 11 of the air bag are worn or not, confirming the installation states of the air inlet valve 3, the air outlet valve 4 and the inflation tube 6, and respectively bonding the upper fixed sticky buckle 9 and the lower fixed sticky buckle 13 on the upper end surface 8 and the lower end surface 12 of the air bag; the intake valve 3 and the exhaust valve 4 are closed, and the differential pressure module is in an uninflated state.
Step four: checking the air tightness of the differential pressure loading system: screwing the exhaust port 16 with the air inlet valve 3; opening the exhaust port 16 and the intake valve 3, and closing the exhaust valve 4; opening the air outlet of the high-pressure air bottle, filling 1kPa of air into the differential pressure air bag module, closing the air outlet of the high-pressure air bottle, maintaining the pressure for 5min, reading the pressure value of the pressure gauge 15, and if the pressure displayed by the pressure gauge 15 is monitored to be within +/-0.05 kPa, indicating that the air tightness of the differential pressure loading system is good; if the pressure displayed by the monitoring pressure gauge 15 is out of +/-0.05 kPa, opening the exhaust valve 4 to exhaust the air quantity of the differential pressure loading system, confirming each connection link of the differential pressure loading system one by one, and repeating the steps to recheck the air tightness of the differential pressure loading system until the air tightness of the differential pressure loading system meets the requirement.
Step five: installation of a mechanical fixing platform and a differential pressure loading system: and connecting the lower fixed thread gluing 13 with the first fixed thread gluing 2 to complete the installation of the mechanical fixing platform and the differential pressure loading system. And closing the high-pressure gas cylinder 14, the exhaust port 16, the gas inlet valve 3 and the exhaust valve 4, and performing zero initialization processing on the monitoring pressure gauge 15, wherein the pressure difference module is in an uninflated state.
Step six: installation of thin-wall structure and differential pressure loading system: 6 second fixed thread gluing 10 are adhered to the thin-wall structure, and the adhering position of the second fixed thread gluing 10 is the same as that of the upper fixed thread gluing 9; the second fixed thread gluing 10 is bonded with the upper fixed thread gluing 9 to complete the installation of the thin-wall structure and the differential pressure loading system; and then the thin-wall structure is arranged on 8 cylindrical structures on the fixed pressure plate 1 through 8 mounting screws.
Step seven: and (3) pressurizing the thin-wall structure: firstly, opening an exhaust port 16 and an air inlet valve 3, closing an exhaust valve 4, and monitoring a pressure gauge 15 to return to zero for initialization treatment; and opening the high-pressure gas cylinder 14, filling 10kPa gas into the differential pressure air bag module, monitoring the pressure value in real time through the monitoring pressure gauge 15, closing the high-pressure gas cylinder 14 when the pressure value reaches 10kPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, and starting a vibration test when the pressure value is in a stable state and is within the range of +/-0.5 kPa.
Step eight: vibration tests were performed. And starting the vibration test bed, and carrying out a vibration test on the thin-wall structure according to given vibration test conditions.
A thin-wall structure vibration test device and a test method considering pressure difference conditions are provided, the traditional single vibration test device of a spacecraft thin-wall structure is combined with an air bag flexible structure, the combined working condition loading of the pressure difference and vibration test on the thin-wall structure is realized, the authenticity and the accuracy of the mechanical property of a takeoff section or a reentry section of the spacecraft thin-wall structure verification are improved, and a numerical model of analog simulation can be reversely corrected;
Based on the coupling design of the flexible structure of the air bag, uniform and stable loading on the thin-wall structure is realized; meanwhile, the adaptability and the universality of the test device are widened, the designability is strong, and the test device is suitable for the vibration test of various spacecraft thin-wall structures with the pressure difference and vibration combined test working conditions; the thin-wall structure vibration test method is simple and reliable, and high in universality.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a compromise thin-walled structure vibration test device of pressure differential condition which characterized in that: the test device comprises a mechanical fixed platform and a differential pressure loading system;
the mechanical fixing platform is arranged on the mounting surface of the vibration test bed and comprises a fixing pressing plate and a first fixing thread gluing, the lower end face of the fixing pressing plate is connected with the mounting surface of the vibration test bed through a bolt, and the upper end face of the fixing pressing plate is connected with the thin-wall structure through a bolt; the first fixed thread gluing is adhered to the fixed pressing plate and serves as an installation interface with the differential pressure loading system;
the pressure difference loading system comprises a pressure difference air bag module and a pressurizing module, wherein the pressure difference air bag module is arranged between the mechanical fixing platform and the thin-wall structure and is used for applying constant pressure in a fixed direction to the thin-wall structure; the pressurizing module is connected with the differential pressure air bag module and is used for inflating the differential pressure air bag module and maintaining the internal pressure of the differential pressure air bag module to be constant;
The pressure difference air bag module is of an air bag flexible structure and comprises an air inlet valve, an air outlet valve, a cloth liner, an air filling pipe, a fixing buckle loop, an upper end face of the air bag, a lower end face of the air bag, a side face of the air bag, an upper fixing buckle, a lower fixing buckle and a second fixing buckle;
the air inlet valve penetrates through the mounting hole of the air charging pipe and is pressed with the air charging pipe into a whole through an adhesive and is fixedly connected through a nut, and the connecting part among the nut, the air charging pipe and the air inlet valve is locally reinforced through a cloth liner; the air inlet valve can control the inflation air quantity of the differential pressure air bag module and inflate the differential pressure air bag module in a single direction, and high-pressure air cannot be discharged through the air inlet valve after the inflation is finished, so that the reverse sealing function is performed on the differential pressure air bag module;
the exhaust valve is arranged at the opposite side of the intake valve, the exhaust valve penetrates through the mounting hole of the inflation tube and is pressed with the inflation tube into a whole through an adhesive and is fixedly connected through a nut, and the connection part among the nut, the inflation tube and the exhaust valve is locally reinforced through a cloth liner; the exhaust valve is used for exhausting the air quantity of the differential pressure air bag module after the test is finished;
the inflation tube is a connecting device of the differential pressure air bag module and the pressurization module and is an inflation interface of the differential pressure air bag module, one end of the inflation tube is connected with the pressurization module through an air inlet valve, the other end of the inflation tube is combined with the side surface of the air bag in a heat mode, the upper end surface of the air bag, the lower end surface of the air bag and the side surface of the air bag are combined into a thin cylindrical sealing structure in a heat mode, the shapes of the upper end surface of the air bag and the lower end surface of the air bag are both in a circular sheet shape, and the shape of the side surface of the air bag is in a sheet strip shape;
The upper fixing thread gluing is adhered to the outer side of the upper end face of the air bag and serves as an installation interface with the thin-wall structure, the lower fixing thread gluing is adhered to the outer side of the lower end face of the air bag and serves as an installation interface with the mechanical fixing platform, and the second fixing thread gluing is adhered to the thin-wall structure and serves as an installation interface of the thin-wall structure and the differential pressure air bag module.
2. The thin-walled structure vibration test device compatible with differential pressure conditions as recited in claim 1, wherein: the fixed pressure plate is made of 45# steel or 2A12 aluminum material.
3. The thin-wall structure vibration testing device considering the pressure difference condition according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first fixed thread gluing is made of nylon materials.
4. The thin-wall structure vibration testing device considering the pressure difference condition according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cloth liner is an FST1003TPU film with the thickness of 0.1 mm.
5. The thin-wall structure vibration testing device considering the pressure difference condition according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shape of the inflation tube is a flat tube structure, the inflation tube is made of 210D oxford, the length of the inflation tube is more than or equal to 5m, and fixing buckles are thermally sealed on the inflation tube every 1m and used for fixing the inflation tube.
6. The thin-walled structure vibration test device compatible with differential pressure conditions as recited in claim 1, wherein: the shape of the fixing button loop is a rectangular structure with the size of 20mm multiplied by 50mm, and the material is 210D oxford.
7. The thin-wall structure vibration testing device considering the pressure difference condition according to claim 1, characterized in that: the materials of the upper end surface of the air bag, the lower end surface of the air bag and the side surface of the air bag are 210D oxford.
8. The thin-wall structure vibration testing device considering the pressure difference condition according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressurizing module comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder, a monitoring pressure gauge, an exhaust port and an exhaust pipeline, wherein the exhaust pipeline is externally connected to the air outlet of the high-pressure gas cylinder, and the exhaust port is arranged at the end part of the exhaust pipeline and is in threaded connection with an air inlet valve and used for inflating the differential pressure air bag module; the exhaust port can control the displacement of the high-pressure gas cylinder, the monitoring pressure gauge is installed between the gas outlet of the high-pressure gas cylinder and the exhaust port, the internal pressure of the differential pressure air bag module is monitored in real time, and the monitoring pressure gauge is used for performing follow-up control on the inflation pressure of the differential pressure air bag module.
9. A thin-wall structure vibration test method considering pressure difference conditions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Fixing a mechanical fixing platform on a mounting surface of a vibration test bed to complete connection of the mechanical fixing platform and the vibration test bed;
confirming the quantity of the high-pressure gas cylinder, completing the installation of the high-pressure gas cylinder, an exhaust pipeline, a monitoring pressure gauge and an exhaust port, and checking and confirming the installation state of a pressurizing module; at the moment, the high-pressure gas cylinder and the exhaust port are in a closed state, and the monitoring pressure gauge is in an initial zero position;
checking whether the upper end face, the lower end face and the side face of the air bag in the differential pressure air bag module are abraded or not, and confirming the installation states of an air inlet valve, an air outlet valve, an inflation tube, an upper fixed sticky buckle and a lower fixed sticky buckle; at the moment, the air inlet valve and the exhaust valve are in a closed state, and the pressure difference module is in an uninflated state;
step four, checking the air tightness of the differential pressure loading system: connecting an exhaust port of the pressurizing module with an air inlet valve of the differential pressure air bag module to complete the installation of the differential pressure loading system; opening an exhaust port and an intake valve, wherein the exhaust valve is in a closed state; finally, opening the high-pressure gas cylinder, filling gas with a gas amount of 10% of the target pressure into the differential pressure gas bag module, closing the high-pressure gas cylinder, maintaining the pressure for 5min, paying attention to the pressure value of the differential pressure loading system in real time by monitoring a pressure gauge, and after 5min, if the pressure displayed by the monitoring pressure gauge is within +/-5% of the filling pressure, indicating that the differential pressure loading system is good in air tightness; if the pressure displayed by the monitoring pressure gauge exceeds +/-5% of the filling pressure, opening an exhaust valve to exhaust the air quantity of the differential pressure loading system, confirming each connection link of the differential pressure loading system one by one, and then repeating the steps to recheck the air tightness of the differential pressure loading system until the air tightness of the differential pressure loading system meets the requirement;
Connecting the pressure difference air bag module with a first fixed thread gluing of the mechanical fixed platform through a lower fixed thread gluing to finish the installation of the mechanical fixed platform and the pressure difference loading system, wherein the high-pressure air bottle, the exhaust port, the air inlet valve and the exhaust valve are in a closed state, the pressure gauge is detected to be in an initial zero position, and the pressure difference air bag module is in an uninflated state;
step six, sticking the same number of second fixed thread gluing on the thin-wall structure at the corresponding position bonded with the upper fixed thread gluing, bonding the thin-wall structure with the upper fixed thread gluing through the second fixed thread gluing to realize the installation with the pressure difference loading system, and finally screwing the thin-wall structure with the fixed pressing plate together;
step seven, pressurizing the thin-wall structure: firstly, opening an exhaust port and an air inlet valve, wherein the exhaust valve is in a closed state, detecting that a pressure gauge is in an initial zero position, opening a high-pressure gas cylinder, filling gas with target pressure into a pressure difference air bag module, monitoring a pressure value in real time by monitoring the pressure gauge, closing the high-pressure gas cylinder when the pressure value reaches the target pressure, maintaining the pressure for 5min, and starting a vibration test when the monitored pressure value displayed by the monitoring pressure gauge is in a stable state and is within +/-5% of the target pressure;
And step eight, starting the vibration test bed, and carrying out a vibration test on the thin-wall structure according to given vibration test conditions.
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