CN112369268A - Planting method for intercropping beets with medlar - Google Patents
Planting method for intercropping beets with medlar Download PDFInfo
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- CN112369268A CN112369268A CN202011254503.3A CN202011254503A CN112369268A CN 112369268 A CN112369268 A CN 112369268A CN 202011254503 A CN202011254503 A CN 202011254503A CN 112369268 A CN112369268 A CN 112369268A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method of intercropping beets with medlar. Belongs to the technical field of intercropping planting. The method comprises the following steps: (1) digging a planting ditch: the Chinese wolfberry planting ditch and the beet planting ditch are arranged at intervals, and the Chinese wolfberry planting ditch and the beet planting ditch are separated by 50-60 cm; (2) applying a base fertilizer: applying 2000-2200 kg of farmyard manure per mu; (3) planting: after the frightening and sting, transplanting the medlar plug seedlings and bunch planting the pretreated beet seeds; (4) field management: the method comprises water and fertilizer management and pest and disease damage management. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the medlar and the beet are intercropped and mutually symbiotic, so that the growth of the medlar can be effectively promoted, and the indexes of plant height, plant diameter, longest new tip, shortest new branch, number of branches, number of secondary branches, number of bearing branches and yield in the growth process are better than those of the medlar planted independently.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intercropping planting, in particular to a planting method of intercropping beets for medlar.
Background
The medlar is a shrub in medlar of solanaceae, is loving light, cold-resistant and salt-alkali-resistant, is a pioneer economic species on arid desert wastelands, has medicinal and water and soil conservation effects, and is mainly distributed in Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang and other lands of China.
The intercropping means a planting mode of planting two or more than two crops in the same field in the same growing period in rows or zones at intervals. The intercropping can improve the land utilization rate, and the crop compound group formed by the intercropping can intercept and absorb sunlight and reduce the waste of light energy; meanwhile, the two crops can also produce complementary action by intercropping. However, during intercropping, strong competition for sunlight, water, nutrients and the like often exists among different crops. Therefore, the selection of proper crops for intercropping is beneficial to improving the planting effect.
However, the intercropping mode of medlar is rarely reported at present because it is difficult to screen crops suitable for intercropping with medlar. In the prior art, the medlar is intercropped with barley, wheat, carrot and the like, and the result can inhibit the normal growth and development of the medlar to a certain extent.
In conclusion, how to provide an intercropping planting method for medlar is a problem which needs to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a planting method of intercropping beets with medlar. The two components can be mutually symbiotic, and can effectively promote the growth of the medlar.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a planting method of Chinese wolfberry intercropping beet comprises the following steps:
(1) digging a planting ditch: the Chinese wolfberry planting ditch and the beet planting ditch are arranged at intervals, and the Chinese wolfberry planting ditch and the beet planting ditch are separated by 50-60 cm;
(2) applying a base fertilizer: applying 2000-2200 kg of farmyard manure per mu;
(3) planting: after the frightening and sting, transplanting the medlar plug seedlings and bunch planting the pretreated beet seeds;
(4) field management: the method comprises water and fertilizer management and pest and disease damage management.
The beneficial effects are obtained: the beet can be eaten as vegetable with fleshy root, and is rich in sugar and various minerals, and has high nutritive value. According to the invention, the medlar and the beet are intercropped, and the medlar and the beet are mutually and reciprocally symbiotic, so that the growth of the medlar can be effectively promoted.
Preferably, in the step (1), the width of the medlar planting ditch is 40-50 cm, and the depth is 30-50 cm; the width of the beet planting ditch is 30-40 cm, and the depth is 25-40 cm.
Preferably, in the step (3), the planting distance of the medlar is 1-1.3 m, and the planting distance of the beet is 20-30 cm.
Preferably, the medlar plug seedling with 4-6 true leaves is selected in the step (3).
Preferably, the method for pretreating beet seeds in step (3) is as follows: soaking beet seeds in alcohol, calcium hypochlorite solution and distilled water in sequence, and then treating the beet seeds with microwaves to obtain the pretreated beet seeds.
Preferably, the specific operation steps of the pretreatment of the beet seeds in the step (3) are as follows: sterilizing beet seeds with 70% ethanol for 1min, soaking in 5% calcium hypochlorite solution for 2 hr, washing with sterile water, soaking in distilled water for 8 hr, air drying, treating with microwave, and treating with 90W for 20 s.
The microwave has strong penetrability and nonionization, and can penetrate into the radiated substance. When the quantum energy is moderate, the material interacts with the radiated material, only the motion state of the internal material is changed, and the molecular structure and the acting force for maintaining the structure are not damaged. Proper amount of microwave treatment can promote the germination rate, bud length and enzyme activity in beet seed.
Preferably, the water and fertilizer management in the step (4) is twice topdressing every year, and each time is 200-300 kg/mu.
Preferably, the fertilizer used in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65-78 parts of farmyard manure, 25-40 parts of straws, 13-27 parts of edible fungus residues, 8-14 parts of humic acid and 1-3 parts of borax.
Preferably, the pest and disease control in the step (4) comprises control of powdery mildew and gray leaf spot.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the medlar and the beet are intercropped and mutually symbiotic, so that the growth of the medlar can be effectively promoted, and the indexes of plant height, plant diameter, longest new tip, shortest new branch, number of branches, number of secondary branches, number of bearing branches and yield in the growth process are better than those of the medlar planted independently.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The required medicament is a conventional experimental medicament purchased from a market channel; the unrecited experimental method is a conventional experimental method, and is not described in detail herein.
Example 1
A planting method of Chinese wolfberry intercropping beet comprises the following steps:
(1) digging a planting ditch: the Chinese wolfberry planting ditch and the beet planting ditch are arranged at intervals, and the Chinese wolfberry planting ditch and the beet planting ditch are separated by 50 cm; the width of the medlar planting ditch is 40cm, and the depth is 30 cm; the width of the beet planting ditch is 30cm, and the depth is 25 cm.
(2) Applying a base fertilizer: 2000kg of farmyard manure is applied to each mu.
(3) Planting:
firstly, sterilizing beet seeds with 70% alcohol for 1min, then soaking in 5% calcium hypochlorite solution for 2h, then washing with sterile water, then soaking in distilled water for 8h, naturally drying, then treating with microwave, and treating with 90W for 20 s.
After the frightening, 4 pieces of true-leaf medlar plug seedlings are transplanted and the pretreated beet seeds are sowed in holes; the planting distance of the medlar is 1m, and the planting distance of the beet is 20 cm.
(4) Field management: the method comprises the steps of water and fertilizer management and pest and disease damage management;
topdressing is carried out twice a year, and each time is 200 kg/mu; the fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of farmyard manure, 25 parts of straws, 13 parts of edible fungus residues, 8 parts of humic acid and 1 part of borax.
And secondly, the pest and disease damage management comprises prevention and control of powdery mildew and gray leaf spot.
Example 2
A planting method of Chinese wolfberry intercropping beet comprises the following steps:
(1) digging a planting ditch: the Chinese wolfberry planting ditch and the beet planting ditch are arranged at intervals, and the Chinese wolfberry planting ditch and the beet planting ditch are separated by 60 cm; the width of the medlar planting ditch is 50cm, and the depth is 50 cm; the width of the beet planting ditch is 40cm, and the depth is 40 cm.
(2) Applying a base fertilizer: 2200kg of farmyard manure is applied to each mu.
(3) Planting:
firstly, sterilizing beet seeds with 70% alcohol for 1min, then soaking in 5% calcium hypochlorite solution for 2h, then washing with sterile water, then soaking in distilled water for 8h, naturally drying, then treating with microwave, and treating with 90W for 20 s.
After the frightening, 6 pieces of true-leaf medlar plug seedlings are transplanted and the pretreated beet seeds are sowed in holes; the planting distance of the medlar is 1.3m, and the planting distance of the beet is 30 cm.
(4) Field management: the method comprises the steps of water and fertilizer management and pest and disease damage management;
topdressing is carried out twice a year, and each time is 300 kg/mu; the fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 78 parts of farmyard manure, 40 parts of straws, 27 parts of edible fungus residues, 14 parts of humic acid and 3 parts of borax.
And secondly, the pest and disease damage management comprises prevention and control of powdery mildew and gray leaf spot.
Example 3
A planting method of Chinese wolfberry intercropping beet comprises the following steps:
(1) digging a planting ditch: the Chinese wolfberry planting ditch and the beet planting ditch are arranged at intervals, and the Chinese wolfberry planting ditch and the beet planting ditch are separated by 55 cm; the width of the medlar planting ditch is 45cm, and the depth is 35 cm; the width of the beet planting ditch is 35cm, and the depth is 30 cm.
(2) Applying a base fertilizer: 2100kg of farmyard manure is applied to each mu.
(3) Planting:
firstly, sterilizing beet seeds with 70% alcohol for 1min, then soaking in 5% calcium hypochlorite solution for 2h, then washing with sterile water, then soaking in distilled water for 8h, naturally drying, then treating with microwave, and treating with 90W for 20 s.
After the frightening, 5 pieces of true-leaf medlar plug seedlings are transplanted and the pretreated beet seeds are sowed in holes; the planting distance of the medlar is 1.2m, and the planting distance of the beet is 25 cm.
(4) Field management: the method comprises the steps of water and fertilizer management and pest and disease damage management;
topdressing is carried out twice a year, and each time is 250 kg/mu; the fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 72 parts of farmyard manure, 33 parts of straws, 20 parts of edible fungus residues, 11 parts of humic acid and 2 parts of borax.
And secondly, the pest and disease damage management comprises prevention and control of powdery mildew and gray leaf spot.
Comparative example 1
A planting method of medlar comprises the following steps:
(1) digging a planting ditch: the width of the medlar planting ditch is 45cm, and the depth is 35 cm.
(2) Applying a base fertilizer: 2100kg of farmyard manure is applied to each mu.
(3) Planting:
transplanting 5 true-leaf fructus Lycii plug seedlings after the frightening, wherein the planting distance of fructus Lycii is 1.2 m.
(4) Field management: the method comprises the steps of water and fertilizer management and pest and disease damage management;
topdressing is carried out twice a year, and each time is 250 kg/mu; the fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 72 parts of farmyard manure, 33 parts of straws, 20 parts of edible fungus residues, 11 parts of humic acid and 2 parts of borax.
And secondly, the pest and disease damage management comprises prevention and control of powdery mildew and gray leaf spot.
Comparative example 2
In the step (1), the Chinese wolfberry planting furrows and the beet planting furrows are separated by 45 cm.
In the step (3), the planting distance of the medlar is 0.8m, and the planting distance of the beet is 18 cm.
The rest of the procedure was the same as in example 3.
Experiment 1
(1) Subject: examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2.
(2) The experimental method comprises the following steps: in 9 months of the next year, 10 lycium barbarum plants were randomly selected from various planting patterns for testing.
(3) Measurement indexes are as follows: plant height, plant diameter, longest young shoot, shortest new branch, number of branches, number of secondary branches, and number of fruiting branches.
(4) And (3) measuring results: the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 growth and development of Lycium barbarum
As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the interplanting of the beets and the medlar can promote the growth and development of the medlar, and the proper intercropping condition is more beneficial to the growth of the medlar.
Experiment 2
Medlar is planted in the mode of example 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2, the yield of medlar per mu is counted in 9 months of the next year, and the result is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 wolfberry yield
Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | |
Yield (kg/mu) | 301 | 515 | 284 |
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A planting method of Chinese wolfberry intercropping beet is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) digging a planting ditch: the Chinese wolfberry planting ditch and the beet planting ditch are arranged at intervals, and the Chinese wolfberry planting ditch and the beet planting ditch are separated by 50-60 cm;
(2) applying a base fertilizer: applying 2000-2200 kg of farmyard manure per mu;
(3) planting: after the frightening and sting, transplanting the medlar plug seedlings and bunch planting the pretreated beet seeds;
(4) field management: the method comprises water and fertilizer management and pest and disease damage management.
2. The planting method of intercropping beets among medlar according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the medlar planting ditch is 40-50 cm wide and 30-50 cm deep; the width of the beet planting ditch is 30-40 cm, and the depth is 25-40 cm.
3. The method for planting the intercropped beets of medlar according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the planting distance of medlar is 1-1.3 m, and the planting distance of beet is 20-30 cm.
4. The method for planting the intercropping beets of medlar according to claim 1, wherein the medlar plug seedlings with 4 to 6 true leaves are selected in the step (3).
5. The method for planting intercropped beets of Chinese wolfberry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment method of the beet seeds in step (3) is as follows: soaking beet seeds in alcohol, calcium hypochlorite solution and distilled water in sequence, and then treating the beet seeds with microwaves to obtain the pretreated beet seeds.
6. The method for planting intercropped Chinese beets among Chinese wolfberry according to claim 5, wherein the concrete operation steps of the pretreatment of the beet seeds in the step (3) are as follows: sterilizing beet seeds with 70% ethanol for 1min, soaking in 5% calcium hypochlorite solution for 2 hr, washing with sterile water, soaking in distilled water for 8 hr, air drying, treating with microwave, and treating with 90W for 20 s.
7. The method for planting the intercropped lycium barbarum as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water and fertilizer management in the step (4) is twice a year for 200-300 kg/mu each time.
8. The planting method of intercropping beets of medlar according to claim 7, wherein the fertilizer used in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by mass: 65-78 parts of farmyard manure, 25-40 parts of straws, 13-27 parts of edible fungus residues, 8-14 parts of humic acid and 1-3 parts of borax.
9. The method for planting intercropped beets of lycium barbarum according to claim 1, wherein the pest management in step (4) comprises control of powdery mildew and gray leaf spot.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115362888A (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2022-11-22 | 宁夏农林科学院枸杞科学研究所 | Planting method for intercropping Chinese daylily with medlar |
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Cited By (2)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN115362888A (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2022-11-22 | 宁夏农林科学院枸杞科学研究所 | Planting method for intercropping Chinese daylily with medlar |
CN115362888B (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2024-06-04 | 宁夏农林科学院枸杞科学研究所 | Planting method for intercropping Chinese wolfberry and daylily |
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