CN112362389B - Aviation fuel oil sampler and sampling method - Google Patents
Aviation fuel oil sampler and sampling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112362389B CN112362389B CN202011000997.2A CN202011000997A CN112362389B CN 112362389 B CN112362389 B CN 112362389B CN 202011000997 A CN202011000997 A CN 202011000997A CN 112362389 B CN112362389 B CN 112362389B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of airplane detection, in particular to an aviation fuel sampler and a sampling method, wherein the aviation fuel sampler comprises an oil guide unit and a sampling main body, and the oil guide unit is detachably connected with the sampling main body; the sampling main body comprises a shell, and a door-opening inner column is arranged in a shell cavity of the shell; the shell is provided with a rotary adjusting mechanism which is matched with the door-opening inner column and used for jacking the one-way valve in the oil outlet of the airplane body. According to the technical scheme, the door opening time of the one-way valve can be freely controlled, namely, the one-way valve in the oil discharge opening of the airplane body can be opened after the sampler is installed, the sampler is ensured to be completely sealed with the oil discharge opening of the airplane body, then fuel oil is controlled to flow into the sampler, the fuel oil is effectively prevented from leaking outwards, the fuel oil cost is saved, and the fuel oil pollution injury is avoided; in addition, the airborne finished product is jacked up by utilizing the linear ascending of the door opening inner column, so that the airborne finished product is effectively protected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of airplane detection, in particular to an aviation fuel sampler and a sampling method.
Background
In order to ensure the safety of the airplane and passengers, in the airplane assembly process in the field of aviation, before the airplane is put into use and before the airplane takes off, workers can strictly detect various functional parameters of the airplane, wherein the functional parameters comprise aviation fuel sampling detection, and conditions such as whether a complete machine oil supply system is intact and can normally work are judged according to factors such as the pollution degree of fuel. Impurities in aviation fuel oil can not only cause corrosion of system metal parts, but also pollute the atmosphere, and are easy to be oxidized and condensed into colloids and precipitates in the fuel to cause blockage of a combustion system and the like, which has very important influence on the normal flight of an airplane in the air.
When mill takes a sample to the aviation fuel in present stage, the tooling equipment who uses is as shown in fig. 1 the fuel sedimentation tube, in the use, the fuel sedimentation tube adopts threaded connection with the oil discharge opening of aircraft organism (being the fuel sample connection of aircraft abdomen lower part promptly), can accomplish the connection through rotatory fuel sedimentation tube, during rotatory fuel sedimentation tube, the fuel sedimentation tube rises gradually, the fuel sedimentation tube top is provided with four apical teeth, this apical tooth is rotatory ascending along with the fuel sedimentation tube together, treat that the apical tooth reaches the take the altitude after, just can open the check valve in the aircraft organism oil discharge opening, and then make the aviation fuel flow downwards along the pipe wall, thereby reach the purpose of fuel sample, and is further, when adopting the fuel sedimentation tube to take a sample to the aviation fuel, exist including following several not enoughly:
1) in the process that the jacking teeth rotate and rise along with the fuel oil sedimentation pipe, the jacking teeth are continuously ground with an airborne finished product (a check valve in an oil discharge port of an airplane body), the surface of the airborne finished product (the check valve in the oil discharge port of the airplane body) is easily damaged in the process, and extra impurities are easily generated;
2) in the rotating and rising process of the fuel oil sedimentation pipe (namely before the fuel oil sedimentation pipe is completely installed in place), the fuel oil sedimentation pipe is not completely sealed with an oil discharge port of an airplane body, fuel oil easily flows to the outside of the fuel oil sedimentation pipe along threads and flows down along the outer wall of the fuel oil sedimentation pipe, so that the fuel oil cost is wasted, if the fuel oil flowing down along the outer wall of the fuel oil sedimentation pipe flows into a sampling sample, other impurities on the outer wall of the fuel oil sedimentation pipe can be attached to the fuel oil, the sampling result is unreliable, and the detection result is further influenced; when the fuel oil sedimentation pipe is disassembled, the fuel oil on the outer wall of the fuel oil sedimentation pipe returns to the worker to bring unnecessary trouble;
3) the fuel oil sedimentation pipe is adopted to sample the aviation fuel oil, the flow direction and the flow of the fuel oil cannot be controlled, and meanwhile, due to the inherent height of the airplane, the fuel oil flowing out of the fuel oil sedimentation pipe splashes around in the use process of the existing fuel oil sedimentation pipe, so that the cost is wasted;
4) the leaked fuel oil (including the fuel oil leaked from the thread during installation and the fuel oil splashed after installation) easily causes external environmental pollution, and easily enters the body of a worker in modes of breathing, skin absorption and the like, so that the nerve system and the lung of the worker are damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an aviation fuel sampler and a sampling method, and aims to effectively protect a one-way valve in an oil outlet of an airborne finished product aircraft body, save fuel cost, prevent fuel pollution and damage, and achieve the advantages of convenience in tool maintenance and the like.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an aviation fuel sampler which is characterized in that: comprises an oil guide unit and a sampling main body; the oil guide unit comprises an oil guide hose, one end of the oil guide hose is provided with a quick-release movable nut, the other end of the oil guide hose is provided with an oil outlet nozzle, the oil outlet nozzle is provided with a throttle valve, the throttle valve can be used for controlling the flow of fuel oil, and the oil outlet nozzle can prevent the fuel oil from flowing to the outer wall of the oil guide hose; the sampling main body comprises a hollow cylindrical shell with two open ends, the hollow part is a shell cavity of the shell, the shell cavity provides a flowing space for fuel oil, and a door-opening inner column is arranged in the shell cavity; the shell is provided with a rotary adjusting mechanism which controls the door opening inner column to move back and forth along the axial direction of the shell through self rotation, namely, the technical scheme is that the self-generated axial rotary motion of the rotary adjusting mechanism is converted into the linear motion of the door opening inner column, the rotary adjusting mechanism is matched with the door opening inner column and is used for jacking the one-way valve in the oil discharge port of the airplane body, and specifically, the door opening inner column moves towards the outside of a shell cavity through rotating the rotary adjusting mechanism, so that the one-way valve in the oil discharge port of the airplane body is further jacked open; in the prior art, an internal thread is arranged in an oil discharge port of an airplane body, furthermore, one end of a shell of the technical scheme is provided with an external thread I for connecting the oil discharge port of the airplane body, and the external thread I is required to be perfectly matched with the internal thread in the oil discharge port of the airplane body, the other end of the shell is provided with an external thread II which is matched with a quick-release movable nut to ensure the stability of connection, so that the shell is detachably connected with the oil guide hose, wherein the quick-release movable nut, namely a nut piece which can rotate independently relative to the oil guide hose, the oil guide hose is kept still when being connected with the screw thread II, the quick connection can be realized by independently rotating the quick-release movable nut, correspondingly, the oil guide hose is kept still during the disassembly, the quick disassembly can be realized by independently rotating the quick-disassembly movable nut, and great convenience is provided for the assembly of the sampler.
Preferably, the shell is provided with an assembly hole for mounting a rotation adjusting mechanism, and the rotation adjusting mechanism penetrates through the assembly hole and is movably connected with the door opening inner column; based on the working mode of the rotation adjusting mechanism, the rotation adjusting mechanism can rub against the shell, and in order to prevent the rotation adjusting mechanism and the shell from being abraded due to long-term friction, preferably, a bushing is arranged in the assembling hole, and the rotation adjusting mechanism is movably connected with the shell through the bushing; the bushing is a fitting member used outside a mechanical component (i.e., in the present technical solution, the bushing is outside a structure related to the rotation adjusting mechanism) to achieve the functions of sealing, wear protection, and the like, and refers to a ring sleeve functioning as a gasket.
Preferably, the rotation adjusting mechanism comprises a hand wheel disc and a gear column, a smooth cylinder which is used for being in sealing fit with the bushing is arranged at the bottom of the hand wheel disc, namely, the bushing is positioned outside the smooth cylinder, the gear column is fixedly connected with the hand wheel disc through the smooth cylinder, further, the hand wheel disc, the smooth cylinder and the gear column are coaxially arranged, after the rotation adjusting mechanism is connected with the shell in place, the hand wheel disc is positioned outside the shell, the smooth cylinder is positioned in the assembling hole, and the gear column is positioned in the shell cavity; the side of the inner column that opens the door is provided with the space groove that is used for holding the gear post, the gear post passes behind the pilot hole, insert in the space groove, the space groove can radially run through the inner column that opens the door (space groove does not have the tank bottom promptly), also can not radially run through the inner column that opens the door (space groove exists the tank bottom promptly), the space groove is the strip, its length direction is unanimous with the inner column axial that opens the door, at least one lateral wall (specifically indicate to correspond the cell wall of weighing space groove length in the space groove, there are two lateral walls that accord with such condition in the space groove) of space groove on be provided with be used for with gear post complex rack structure, it is concrete, gear post and rack structure intermeshing.
After the door-opening inner column rises to a proper position (namely, the door-opening inner column jacks a check valve in an oil discharge port of an airplane body), the check valve and fuel oil can apply a downward force to the door-opening inner column, the door-opening inner column can possibly fall back to a shell cavity, and in the process of descending the door-opening inner column, the rotation adjusting mechanism automatically rotates under the action of the door-opening inner column (it is to be noted that the automatic rotation here specifically refers to the rotation which occurs under the condition of no manual control) to further cause the check valve to be closed and the sampling cannot be smoothly carried out, in order to prevent the phenomenon, preferably, the bottom of the hand wheel disc is provided with a stop pin for preventing the rotation adjusting mechanism from automatically rotating, the shell is provided with a stop pin groove for matching with the stop pin, and particularly, when the rotation adjusting mechanism needs to be rotated, the rotation adjusting mechanism is dragged along the radial direction of the shell, make smooth cylindrical partial structure withdraw from the pilot hole, and simultaneously, the stop pin withdraws from the bolt hole completely, treat that the interior post that opens the door rises the back that targets in place, with the position of the rotatory stop pin alignment bolt groove of hand wheel dish, radially promote along the casing and rotate rotatory adjustment mechanism, make the stop pin insert in the bolt groove, and simultaneously, the smooth cylindrical partial structure that withdraws from the pilot hole is from newly getting back to in the pilot hole, this technical scheme utilizes bolt groove and stop pin cooperation, through fixed rotatory adjustment mechanism, further prevent the interior post that opens the door and descend, the realization is to the smooth sample of fuel.
In order to provide better conditions for the rotary adjusting mechanism and ensure the stability of the connection of the rotary adjusting mechanism and the shell, the assembly hole needs to have certain depth, in order to meet the requirement, the shell needs to have certain thickness, and further, under the conditions of meeting the requirement of the arrangement of the assembly hole and saving materials, preferably, a ring body boss is arranged on the circumference of the shell, namely, the thickness of the partial structure of the shell is increased, stress concave surfaces are arranged on two sides of the ring body boss, so that when the sampling main body is installed, force can be applied to the shell through the stress concave surfaces, the situation that the force cannot be applied to the sampling main body due to too small friction coefficient of the surface of the shell is avoided, and the stability of the connection of the sampling main body and an oil discharge port of an airplane body is further ensured; the pilot hole sets up on the ring body boss, and the thickness of ring body boss can satisfy the condition of setting up of pilot hole.
In order to ensure that fuel oil does not leak outwards, preferably, a sealing rubber ring I for elastically sealing the aircraft body oil discharge opening is arranged at one end, connected with the aircraft body oil discharge opening, of the shell, namely, after the sampling main body is installed in place at the aircraft body oil discharge opening, the sealing rubber ring I realizes elastic sealing of the shell and the aircraft body oil discharge opening; furthermore, the edge of the assembling hole of the shell is provided with a sealing rubber ring II, and the rotary adjusting mechanism is elastically sealed with the shell through the sealing rubber ring II.
In order to ensure that the fuel oil smoothly flows out, a flowing space needs to be reserved in the shell cavity for the fuel oil, namely, the cross section area of the door opening inner column is smaller than that of the shell cavity, further, the shell is made to be of a cylindrical structure, the shell cavity and the door opening inner column are both of cylindrical structures, namely, the radius of the shell cavity is larger than that of the door opening inner column, further, in order to ensure that the rack structure is stably meshed with the gear column, the moving path of the door opening inner column needs to be standardized, preferably, a guide sliding chute is arranged in the shell cavity, further preferably, two guide sliding chutes are arranged, are symmetrically arranged with each other and are respectively positioned at the positions at two sides of the shell cavity, a sliding strip bulge is arranged at the side surface of the door opening inner column, further preferably, two sliding strip bulges are arranged, are respectively symmetrically arranged with each other and are respectively positioned at two sides of the door opening inner column, and are matched with the guide sliding chutes, the inner column of the side-by-side door plays a role in guiding and supporting, so that the inner column of the side-by-side door is connected with the shell in a sliding mode, and the inner column of the side-by-side door is prevented from shaking in the shell cavity to influence the meshing of the rack structure and the gear column.
Further, still including being used for holding the sampling bottle of dress fuel, be provided with the helicitic texture who is used for connecting the sampling bottle on the oil outlet, the oil outlet passes through the bottleneck threaded connection of helicitic texture and sampling bottle, so alright avoid during the oil outlet submerges the fuel in the sampling bottle, also avoided the oil outlet to break away from the sampling bottle simultaneously, cause the fuel extravagant. The sampling bottle can be an existing fuel oil container bottle, the existing fuel oil container bottle is generally provided with an inner cover and an outer cover, wherein the inner cover is used for elastically sealing the bottleneck of the fuel oil container bottle, the outer cover is in spiral connection with the bottleneck of the fuel oil container bottle, namely the bottleneck of the existing fuel oil container bottle is provided with an external thread, therefore, if the existing fuel oil container bottle is selected as the sampling bottle, a thread structure on the oil outlet nozzle is an internal thread, and in order to ensure that fuel oil does not leak, a sealing rubber ring is required to be arranged at the edge of the oil outlet nozzle, so that the oil outlet nozzle and the bottleneck of the fuel oil container bottle are elastically sealed; also can set up special sample bottle, set up the internal screw thread sample bottle that exists in bottleneck department promptly, then set up the helicitic texture on the oil outlet nozzle into the external screw thread, so alright need not set up sealed rubber ring, also can ensure that the fuel does not leak outward.
A sampling method of aviation fuel oil is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of installing a sampler, sampling operation and disassembling the sampler; the installation sampler comprises a main body installation and a hose connection; the sampling operation comprises drainage and flow resistance;
main body installation: the method comprises the following steps of aligning one end, provided with an external thread I, of a shell to an oil discharge port of an airplane body for rotating operation, fixing a sampling main body of a sampler at the oil discharge port of the airplane body by utilizing the matching of the external thread I and an internal thread of the oil discharge port of the airplane body, ensuring an opening door inner column to be positioned in a shell cavity during the period, avoiding the friction between the opening door inner column and a one-way back door during the installation of the sampling main body, and simultaneously avoiding the one-way valve from being jacked open before the sampling main body is installed, thereby causing the leakage of fuel oil; after the sampling main body is installed in place, the shell and the oil outlet of the airplane body are elastically sealed by using the sealing rubber ring I on the shell, further, a force for rotating the shell can be applied to the stressed concave surface of the shell, the oil outlet of the airplane body and the shell are extruded together as much as possible to press the sealing rubber ring I, and the sealing rubber ring I plays the role of the sealing rubber ring I;
hose connection: aligning an oil outlet nozzle on the oil guide hose to the bottle mouth of the sampling bottle for rotating operation, enabling the oil outlet nozzle to be in spiral connection with the sampling bottle, and enabling the oil guide hose to be in sealed communication with the sampling bottle; aligning a quick-release movable nut on the oil guide hose with an external thread II on a shell of the sampling main body to perform rotating operation, so that the quick-release movable nut is in threaded connection with the sampling main body, and meanwhile, the oil guide hose is in sealed communication with a shell cavity;
drainage: the rotary adjusting mechanism is rotated to enable the door-opening inner column in the sampling main body to gradually rise and move towards the outside of the shell cavity until the door-opening inner column jacks a one-way valve in an oil discharge port of the airplane body, namely the door-opening inner column rises in place, fuel in the airplane body flows into the oil guide hose along the shell cavity of the sampler, the rotary adjusting mechanism is stopped rotating and fixed, and the rotary adjusting mechanism is prevented from automatically rotating; opening a throttle valve to ensure that fuel oil smoothly enters a sampling bottle, and starting timing while opening the throttle valve to ensure that the aim of accurate sampling is fulfilled; furthermore, the technical scheme adopts a matching structure of the stop pin and the bolt hole to fix the rotation adjusting mechanism, namely, before the rotation adjusting mechanism is rotated, the rotation adjusting mechanism is dragged and rotated along the radial direction of the shell to enable a part of smooth cylindrical structure to exit from the assembly hole, meanwhile, the stop pin is completely exited from the bolt hole, after the inner column of the door is opened and ascends to the right, the hand wheel disc is rotated to the position where the stop pin is aligned with the bolt groove, the rotation adjusting mechanism is pushed and rotated along the radial direction of the shell to enable the stop pin to be inserted into the bolt groove, and meanwhile, the part of smooth cylindrical structure exiting from the assembly hole returns to the assembly hole from the beginning, so that the fixation of the rotation adjusting mechanism is further realized;
flow blocking: after timing is finished, closing the throttle valve, and at the moment, enabling the oil quantity in the sampling bottle to be close to the oil quantity required by fuel oil detection; rotating the rotary adjusting mechanism to enable the door-opening inner column in the sampling main body to gradually descend until the one-way valve in the oil discharge port of the airplane body is closed again, stopping the fuel oil in the airplane body from flowing into the sampler, and opening the throttle valve to enable the fuel oil in the oil guide hose to flow into the sampling bottle;
disassembling the sampler: after all the fuel oil in the oil guide hose flows into the sampling bottle, closing the throttle valve, and at the moment, the oil quantity in the sampling bottle meets the oil quantity required by detecting the fuel oil; the sampling main body and the oil outlet nozzle are respectively detached from the oil-proof port of the airplane body and the bottleneck of the sampling bottle, and the bottleneck of the sampling bottle is sealed.
Preferably, the device also comprises a cleaning sampler, so that the influence of bacteria breeding in residual fuel oil of the sampler on the next use is avoided, and the step of cleaning the sampler comprises disassembling, cleaning, airing and reassembling;
disassembling and cleaning: namely, the sampler is put into a cleaning container, the cleaning container comprises all containers capable of containing liquid, and cleaning liquid is poured into the cleaning container, wherein the cleaning liquid contains components capable of decomposing fuel oil, such as detergent and the like; further, in order to facilitate cleaning, the sampler is disassembled into independent parts, specifically, the quick-release movable nut is rotated to separate the oil guide unit from the sampling main body, and the throttle valve is opened, so that cleaning liquid can conveniently circulate in the oil guide hose; taking the rotary adjusting mechanism in the sampling main body off the shell (namely, completely separating the rotary adjusting mechanism from the assembling hole), taking the door-opening inner column out of the shell cavity, removing residual fuel oil on each component of the sampler by using cleaning liquid, then cleaning each component of the sampler by changing clean water, and if necessary, changing clean water for multiple times;
airing and reloading: after the cleaning is finished, all components (parts) of the sampler are taken out from the cleaning container for airing, and after the sampler is dried, the sampling main body is reassembled, namely, the door-opening inner column is placed back into the shell cavity, the space groove faces the assembly hole, the gear column of the rotary adjusting mechanism is aligned to the assembly hole, the gear column penetrates through the assembly hole and then is inserted into the space groove, and is meshed with the rack structure in the space groove, so that the assembly is finished, and the next use is facilitated.
The beneficial effect that this technical scheme brought:
1) according to the technical scheme, the door opening time of the one-way valve can be freely controlled, namely, the one-way valve in the oil discharge opening of the airplane body can be opened after the sampler is installed, the sampler is ensured to be completely sealed with the oil discharge opening of the airplane body, then fuel oil is controlled to flow into the sampler, the fuel oil is effectively prevented from leaking outwards and flowing to the outer wall of the sampler, the waste of the fuel oil is further avoided, the fuel oil flowing down along the outer wall of the sampler is also prevented from flowing into a sampling sample, and the reliability of a sampling result and a detection result is improved; in addition, the outer wall of the sampler is kept clean, and workers can conveniently detach the sampler;
2) according to the technical scheme, the door opening inner column is arranged, the one-way valve in the oil discharge port of the airplane body is jacked open by utilizing the linear rising of the door opening inner column, the door opening inner column and the one-way valve are provided with fixed contact surfaces, the friction between the door opening inner column and the one-way valve can be reduced, the abrasion on the surface of the one-way valve is reduced to the greatest extent, and the generation of additional impurities is further avoided;
3) according to the technical scheme, the rotating circumferential stroke of the rotating adjusting mechanism is converted into the linear stroke of the door opening inner column by arranging the matching structure of the rack structure and the gear column, and the door opening inner column is lifted and lowered by rotating the rotating adjusting mechanism, so that the design structure is ingenious, and the operation is convenient;
4) according to the technical scheme, the flow direction and the flow rate of the fuel are controlled by arranging the guide unit, specifically, the flow direction control of the fuel can be realized by an oil guide hose in the guide unit, the flow control of the fuel can be realized by a throttle valve in the guide unit, namely, the flow rate of the fuel can be limited, and the oil quantity required by the fuel can be detected by matching with timing oil drainage, namely, the purpose of accurate sampling is achieved; the arrangement of the tour guide unit makes up the defects caused by the inherent height of the airplane and solves the problem of cost waste caused by splashing of fuel oil everywhere;
5) according to the technical scheme, leakage prevention measures are made from multiple aspects, wherein the leakage prevention measures comprise the arrangement of a sealing rubber ring I and a sealing rubber ring II, and in addition, fuel leakage prevention is also considered by the connection structure among all parts in the sampler, namely, the fuel leakage prevention is made to the maximum extent, so that the external environment pollution caused by the fuel leakage is avoided, and the health guarantee is further provided for working personnel;
6) this technical scheme has set up the glib that is used for connecting the sample bottle, can realize that the fuel does not contact with the external world during leading oil, has guaranteed the cleanliness factor of oil appearance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel oil settling tube of the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sampling body according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the housing according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the door opening inner column according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rotation adjustment mechanism according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the quick release movable nut and the oil guide hose according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the connection structure between the oil nozzle and the oil hose according to the present embodiment;
in the figure:
1. an oil guide unit; 1.1, an oil guide hose; 1.2, quickly disassembling the movable nut; 1.3, an oil outlet nozzle; 1.3.1, a thread structure; 1.4, a throttle valve; 2. a sampling body; 2.1, a shell; 2.1.1, a shell cavity; 2.1.2, external threads I; 2.1.3, external threads II; 2.1.4, assembling holes; 2.1.5, a bolt groove; 2.1.6, a ring body boss; 2.1.7, stress concave surface; 2.1.8, a guide chute; 2.2, opening a door and an inner column; 2.2.1, spatial slots; 2.2.2, a rack structure; 2.2.3, the slide bar is raised; 2.3, rotating the adjusting mechanism; 2.3.1, a hand wheel disc; 2.3.2, gear column; 2.3.3, smooth cylinder; 2.3.4, stop pin; 2.4, lining; 2.5, sealing a rubber ring I; 2.6, sealing a rubber ring II; 3. a fuel oil settling tube; 4. and (6) ejecting teeth.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in the following with reference to the drawings and examples, but it should not be understood that the invention is limited to the examples below, and variations and modifications in the field of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses an aviation fuel sampler, which is a basic implementation scheme of the invention and comprises an oil guide unit 1 and a sampling main body 2; the oil guide unit 1 comprises an oil guide hose 1.1, one end of the oil guide hose 1.1 is provided with a quick-release movable nut 1.2, the other end of the oil guide hose 1.1 is provided with an oil outlet nozzle 1.3, and the oil outlet nozzle 1.3 is provided with a throttle valve 1.4; the sampling main body 2 comprises a hollow cylindrical shell 2.1 with two open ends, the hollow part is a shell cavity 2.1.1 of the shell 2.1, and a door-opening inner column 2.2 is arranged in the shell cavity 2.1.1; the shell 2.1 is provided with a rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3 which controls the door opening inner column 2.2 to move back and forth along the axial direction of the shell 2.1 through self rotation, and the rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3 is matched with the door opening inner column 2.2 and used for jacking a one-way valve in an oil outlet of an airplane body; one end of the shell 2.1 is provided with an external thread I2.1.2 used for being connected with an oil outlet of an airplane body, the other end of the shell 2.1 is provided with an external thread II 2.1.3, and the external thread II 2.1.3 is matched with the quick-release movable nut 1.2, so that the shell 2.1 and the oil guide hose 1.1 can be detachably connected.
In practical application, in order to facilitate storage and installation, the oil guide unit 1 and the sampling main body 2 are in a separated state, in the prior art, an internal thread is arranged in an oil discharge port of an airplane body, and the sampling main body 2 of the technical scheme is matched with the internal thread arranged in the oil discharge port of the airplane body through an external thread I2.1.2 on a shell 2.1, so that the threaded connection with the oil discharge port of the airplane body is realized, wherein the threaded connection structure has the characteristic of convenience in installation and disassembly, in the process of installing the sampling main body 2, the door-opening inner column 2.2 is positioned in a shell cavity 2.1.1, and a one-way valve in the oil discharge port of the airplane body is not touched; then, a quick-release movable nut 1.2 is aligned to an external thread II 2.1.3 on a shell 2.1 to rotate, under the condition that an oil guide hose 1.1 is kept still, the quick connection with a sampling main body 2 is realized, a container for bearing sample oil is prepared, one end of the oil guide hose 1.1, which is provided with an oil outlet nozzle 1.3, is led into the container, then a rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3 is rotated to control an opening door inner column 2.2 to ascend so as to achieve the purpose of ejecting a one-way valve, after the one-way valve is ejected, fuel oil flows into the guide hose along a shell cavity 2.1.1, then a throttle valve 1.4 is opened and timing is started so as to achieve the purpose of accurately sampling, after the timing is finished, the throttle valve 1.4 is closed, the rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3 is rotated to lead the opening door inner column 2.2 to descend, the one-way valve is closed, the fuel oil stops flowing into a sampler, the throttle valve 1.4 is opened, the fuel oil in the guide hose flows into the sample oil container, then the oil guide unit 1 and the sampling main body 2 is taken down, the container is sealed, and the oil guide unit 1 and the sampling main body 2 are cleaned, so that the container is convenient to use next time. According to the technical scheme, the door opening time of the one-way valve can be freely controlled, namely, the one-way valve in the oil discharge opening of the airplane body can be opened after the sampler is installed, the sampler is ensured to be completely sealed with the oil discharge opening of the airplane body, then fuel oil is controlled to flow into the sampler, the fuel oil is effectively prevented from leaking outwards and flowing to the outer wall of the sampler, the waste of the fuel oil is further avoided, the fuel oil flowing down along the outer wall of the sampler is also prevented from flowing into a sampling sample, and the reliability of a sampling result and a detection result is improved; in addition, the outer wall of the sampler is kept clean, and workers can conveniently detach the sampler; furthermore, according to the technical scheme, the door opening inner column 2.2 is arranged, the one-way valve in the oil outlet of the airplane body is jacked open by utilizing the straight-line rising of the door opening inner column 2.2, the door opening inner column 2.2 and the one-way valve have fixed contact surfaces, the friction between the door opening inner column and the one-way valve can be reduced, the abrasion on the surface of the one-way valve is reduced to the maximum extent, and the generation of additional impurities is further avoided; furthermore, according to the technical scheme, the rack structure 2.2.2 and the gear column 2.3.2 are arranged in a matched structure, so that the rotation circumferential stroke of the rotation adjusting mechanism 2.3 is converted into the linear stroke of the door opening inner column 2.2, and the door opening inner column 2.2 is lifted and lowered by rotating the rotation adjusting mechanism 2.3, so that the design structure is ingenious, and the operation is convenient; furthermore, the flow direction and the flow rate of the fuel are controlled by arranging the guide unit, specifically, the flow direction control of the fuel can be realized by the oil guide hose 1.1 in the guide unit, the flow rate control of the fuel can be realized by the throttle valve 1.4 in the guide unit, namely, the flow rate of the fuel can be limited, and the oil quantity required by the fuel can be detected by matching with timing oil drainage, so that the aim of accurate sampling can be achieved; the arrangement of the tour guide unit makes up the defects caused by the inherent height of the airplane and solves the problem of cost waste caused by splashing of fuel oil everywhere.
Example 2
The embodiment discloses an aviation fuel sampler, which is a preferable embodiment of the invention, namely in the embodiment 1, a housing 2.1 is provided with an assembly hole 2.1.4 for installing a rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3, and the rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3 penetrates through the assembly hole 2.1.4 and is movably connected with a door-opening inner column 2.2; a bushing 2.4 is arranged in the assembling hole 2.1.4, and the rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3 is movably connected with the shell 2.1 through the bushing 2.4; a ring body boss 2.1.6 is arranged on the circumferential direction of the shell 2.1, and stress concave surfaces 2.1.7 are arranged on two sides of the ring body boss 2.1.6; the assembling holes 2.1.4 are arranged on the bosses 2.1.6 of the ring body; one end of the shell 2.1, which is connected with the oil outlet of the airplane body, is provided with a sealing rubber ring I2.5 which is used for being elastically sealed with the oil outlet of the airplane body; the edge of the assembly hole 2.1.4 of the shell 2.1 is provided with a sealing rubber ring II 2.6, and the rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3 is elastically sealed with the shell 2.1 through the sealing rubber ring II 2.6.
The technical scheme strictly considers the problem of fuel oil leakage prevention, and leakage prevention measures are taken from multiple aspects, wherein the leakage prevention measures comprise the arrangement of a sealing rubber ring I2.5 and a sealing rubber ring II 2.6, in addition, the fuel oil leakage prevention is also considered by the connection structure of parts in the sampler, the arrangement of the ring body boss 2.1.6 is included, the arrangement of the ring body boss 2.1.6 is provided with an assembly hole 2.1.4 to provide a depth condition, the connection stability of the rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3 and the shell 2.1 is ensured, and the fuel oil leakage is indirectly avoided; in addition, the arrangement of the bush 2.4 slows down the abrasion of the rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3, and solves the problem of fuel oil leakage caused by the abrasion of the rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3; moreover, the setting of atress concave surface 2.1.7 can be convenient for the staff to sample main part 2 and rotate at the oil discharge outlet of aircraft organism and carry out the application of force, makes II 2.6 of sealing rubber ring receive the extrusion of the oil discharge outlet of casing 2.1 and aircraft organism and play the elastic sealing effect. In conclusion, the technical scheme furthest realizes fuel leakage prevention, avoids external environment pollution caused by fuel leakage, and further provides health guarantee for workers.
Example 3
The embodiment discloses an aviation fuel sampler, which is a preferred embodiment of the invention, namely in embodiment 2, a rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3 comprises a hand wheel disc 2.3.1 and a gear column 2.3.2, the bottom of the hand wheel disc 2.3.1 is provided with a smooth cylinder 2.3.3 which is used for being in sealing fit with a bushing 2.4, and the gear column 2.3.2 is fixedly connected with the hand wheel disc 2.3.1 through the smooth cylinder 2.3.3; a space groove 2.2.1 for accommodating the gear column 2.3.2 is formed in the side face of the door opening inner column 2.2, and a rack structure 2.2.2 for being matched with the gear column 2.3.2 is arranged on at least one side wall of the space groove 2.2.1; the bottom of the hand wheel disc 2.3.1 is provided with a stop pin 2.3.4 for preventing the rotation adjusting mechanism 2.3 from automatically rotating, and the shell 2.1 is provided with a bolt groove 2.1.5 for matching with the stop pin 2.3.4; a guide sliding groove 2.1.8 is arranged in the shell cavity 2.1.1, a sliding strip bulge 2.2.3 is arranged on the side surface of the door opening inner column 2.2, and the sliding strip bulge 2.2.3 is matched with the guide sliding groove 2.1.8, so that the door opening inner column 2.2 is in sliding connection with the shell 2.1; further, still including being used for holding the sampling bottle of dress fuel, be provided with the helicitic texture 1.3.1 that is used for connecting the sampling bottle on the oil outlet 1.3, oil outlet 1.3 passes through helicitic texture 1.3.1 and the bottleneck threaded connection of sampling bottle.
According to the technical scheme, the rack structure 2.2.2 is arranged on the door opening inner column 2.2, the gear column 2.3.2 is arranged in the rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3, so that the door opening inner column 2.2 is matched with the rotary adjusting mechanism in action (namely, the circumferential rotary stroke of the rotary adjusting mechanism is converted into the linear moving stroke of the door opening inner column 2.2), and meanwhile, the fixing when the rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3 stops rotating is realized by utilizing the matching structure of the stop pin 2.3.4 and the bolt groove 2.1.5, so that the structure is simple and easy to realize; in addition, still utilize the cooperation structure of direction spout 2.1.8 and draw runner arch 2.2.3, to opening door inner prop 2.2 and play the support guide effect, prevent that opening door inner prop 2.2 from rocking in shell cavity 2.1.1, further ensure rack structure 2.2.2 and gear post 2.3.2 stable meshing, oil outlet 1.3 and sampling bottle bottleneck threaded connection among this technical scheme, can realize that the fuel does not contact with the external world during the oil guide, the cleanliness of oil sample has been guaranteed, avoid oil outlet 1.3 to sink into in the fuel in the sampling bottle, cause the oil sample pollution, also avoided oil outlet 1.3 to break away from the sampling bottle simultaneously, cause the fuel waste.
Example 4
The embodiment discloses a sampling method of aviation fuel, which is used as a basic implementation scheme of the invention and comprises the steps of installing a sampler, sampling operation and disassembling the sampler; the installation sampler comprises a main body installation and a hose connection; the sampling operation comprises drainage and flow resistance;
main body installation: aligning one end of the shell 2.1 provided with an external thread I2.1.2 to an oil discharge port of an airplane body for rotating operation, fixing a sampling main body 2 of the sampler at the oil discharge port of the airplane body by utilizing the matching of the external thread I2.1.2 and the internal thread of the oil discharge port of the airplane body, and elastically sealing the shell 2.1 and the oil discharge port of the airplane body by utilizing a sealing rubber ring I2.5;
hose connection: aligning an oil outlet nozzle 1.3 on the oil guide hose 1.1 to the bottle mouth of the sampling bottle for rotating operation, enabling the oil outlet nozzle 1.3 to be in spiral connection with the sampling bottle, and enabling the oil guide hose 1.1 to be in sealed communication with the sampling bottle; aligning a quick-release movable nut 1.2 on an oil guide hose 1.1 with an external thread II 2.1.3 on a shell 2.1 of a sampling main body 2 to carry out rotating operation, so that the quick-release movable nut 1.2 is in threaded connection with the sampling main body 2, and the oil guide hose 1.1 is in sealed communication with a shell cavity 2.1.1;
drainage: the door-opening inner column 2.2 in the sampling main body 2 gradually rises by rotating the rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3 until the door-opening inner column 2.2 jacks a one-way valve in an oil outlet of an airplane body, fuel in the airplane body flows into the oil guide hose 1.1 along a shell cavity 2.1.1 of the sampler, the rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3 is stopped from rotating, and the rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3 is fixed to prevent the rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3 from automatically rotating; opening the throttle valve 1.4 to ensure that the fuel oil smoothly enters the sampling bottle, and starting timing while opening the throttle valve 1.4 to ensure that the aim of accurate sampling is fulfilled;
flow blocking: after timing is finished, closing the throttle valve 1.4, rotating the rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3 to enable the door-opening inner column 2.2 in the sampling main body 2 to gradually descend until the one-way valve in the oil discharge opening of the airplane body is closed again, stopping fuel oil in the airplane body from flowing into the sampler, opening the throttle valve 1.4 and enabling the fuel oil in the oil guide hose 1.1 to flow into the sampling bottle;
disassembling the sampler: after all the fuel oil in the oil guide hose 1.1 flows into the sampling bottle, the throttle valve 1.4 is closed, the sampling main body 2 and the oil outlet nozzle 1.3 are respectively detached from the oil-proof port of the airplane body and the bottle mouth of the sampling bottle, and the bottle mouth of the sampling bottle is sealed.
Example 5
The embodiment discloses a sampling method of aviation fuel, which is a basic implementation scheme of the invention, namely in embodiment 4, the method further comprises a cleaning sampler, wherein the cleaning sampler comprises the steps of disassembling, cleaning, airing and reassembling;
disassembling and cleaning: putting the sampler into a cleaning container, and pouring cleaning liquid into the cleaning container; rotating the quick-release movable nut 1.2 to separate the oil guide unit 1 from the sampling main body 2 and opening the throttle valve 1.4; taking the rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3 in the sampling main body 2 off the shell 2.1, taking the door-opening inner column 2.2 out of the shell cavity 2.1.1, removing residual fuel oil on each component of the sampler by using cleaning liquid, and then replacing clean water to clean each component of the sampler;
airing and reloading: after the cleaning is finished, all components of the sampler are taken out of the cleaning container for airing, after the sampling main body 2 is dried, the sampling main body 2 is reassembled, namely, the door-opening inner column 2.2 is placed back into the shell cavity 2.1.1, the space groove 2.2.1 faces the assembly hole 2.1.4, the gear column 2.3.2 of the rotary adjusting mechanism 2.3 is aligned with the assembly hole 2.1.4, the gear column 2.3.2 penetrates through the assembly hole 2.1.4 and then is inserted into the space groove 2.2.1 and is meshed with the rack structure 2.2.2.2 in the space groove 2.2.1, the assembly is finished, and the next use is facilitated.
Claims (8)
1. An aviation fuel sampler which is characterized in that: comprises an oil guide unit (1) and a sampling main body (2);
the oil guide unit (1) comprises an oil guide hose (1.1), one end of the oil guide hose (1.1) is provided with a quick-release movable nut (1.2), the other end of the oil guide hose (1.1) is provided with an oil outlet nozzle (1.3), and the oil outlet nozzle (1.3) is provided with a throttle valve (1.4);
the sampling main body (2) comprises a hollow cylindrical shell (2.1) with two open ends, the hollow part is a shell cavity (2.1.1) of the shell (2.1), and a door-opening inner column (2.2) is arranged in the shell cavity (2.1.1); the shell (2.1) is provided with a rotary adjusting mechanism (2.3) which controls the door opening inner column (2.2) to move back and forth along the axial direction of the shell (2.1) through self rotation, and the rotary adjusting mechanism (2.3) is matched with the door opening inner column (2.2) and is used for jacking a one-way valve in an oil discharge port of an airplane body; one end of the shell (2.1) is provided with an external thread I (2.1.2) used for being connected with an oil outlet of an airplane body, the other end of the shell (2.1) is provided with an external thread II (2.1.3), and the external thread II (2.1.3) is matched with the quick-release movable nut (1.2) so that the shell (2.1) is detachably connected with the oil guide hose (1.1);
the shell (2.1) is provided with an assembly hole (2.1.4) for installing a rotary adjusting mechanism (2.3), and the rotary adjusting mechanism (2.3) penetrates through the assembly hole (2.1.4) and is movably connected with the door opening inner column (2.2); a bushing (2.4) is arranged in the assembling hole (2.1.4), and the rotary adjusting mechanism (2.3) is movably connected with the shell (2.1) through the bushing (2.4);
the rotary adjusting mechanism (2.3) comprises a hand wheel disc (2.3.1) and a gear column (2.3.2), a smooth cylinder (2.3.3) which is used for being in sealing fit with the bushing (2.4) is arranged at the bottom of the hand wheel disc (2.3.1), and the gear column (2.3.2) is fixedly connected with the hand wheel disc (2.3.1) through the smooth cylinder (2.3.3); the side of the door opening inner column (2.2) is provided with a space groove (2.2.1) for accommodating the gear column (2.3.2), and at least one side wall of the space groove (2.2.1) is provided with a rack structure (2.2.2) matched with the gear column (2.3.2).
2. An aviation fuel sampler as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hand wheel dish (2.3.1) bottom is provided with and is used for preventing rotatory adjustment mechanism (2.3) autogiration's stop pin (2.3.4), be provided with on casing (2.1) and be used for with stop pin (2.3.4) complex cotter groove (2.1.5).
3. An aviation fuel sampler as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a ring body boss (2.1.6) is arranged on the circumferential direction of the shell (2.1), and stress concave surfaces (2.1.7) are arranged on two sides of the ring body boss (2.1.6); the assembling holes (2.1.4) are arranged on the ring body boss (2.1.6).
4. An aviation fuel sampler as claimed in claim 1, wherein: one end of the shell (2.1) connected with the oil outlet of the airplane body is provided with a sealing rubber ring I (2.5) used for being elastically sealed with the oil outlet of the airplane body; the edge of an assembly hole (2.1.4) of the shell (2.1) is provided with a sealing rubber ring II (2.6), and the rotary adjusting mechanism (2.3) is elastically sealed with the shell (2.1) through the sealing rubber ring II (2.6).
5. An aviation fuel sampler as claimed in claim 1, wherein: be provided with direction spout (2.1.8) in shell chamber (2.1.1), the side of opening door inner prop (2.2) is provided with draw runner arch (2.2.3), and draw runner arch (2.2.3) and direction spout (2.1.8) are mutually supported, make opening door inner prop (2.2) and casing (2.1) sliding connection.
6. An aviation fuel sampler as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fuel oil sampling device is characterized by further comprising a sampling bottle for containing fuel oil, wherein the oil outlet nozzle (1.3) is provided with a threaded structure (1.3.1) for connecting the sampling bottle, and the oil outlet nozzle (1.3) is in threaded connection with the bottle opening of the sampling bottle through the threaded structure (1.3.1).
7. A sampling method of aviation fuel oil is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of installing a sampler, sampling operation and disassembling the sampler; the installation sampler comprises a main body installation and a hose connection; the sampling operation comprises drainage and flow resistance;
main body installation: aligning one end of the shell (2.1) provided with an external thread I (2.1.2) with an oil discharge port of an airplane body for rotating operation, fixing a sampling main body (2) of the sampler at the oil discharge port of the airplane body by utilizing the matching of the external thread I (2.1.2) and the internal thread of the oil discharge port of the airplane body, and elastically sealing the shell (2.1) and the oil discharge port of the airplane body by utilizing a sealing rubber ring I (2.5);
hose connection: aligning an oil outlet nozzle (1.3) on the oil guide hose (1.1) to the bottle mouth of the sampling bottle for rotating operation, enabling the oil outlet nozzle (1.3) to be in spiral connection with the sampling bottle, and enabling the oil guide hose (1.1) to be in sealed communication with the sampling bottle; aligning a quick-release movable nut (1.2) on an oil guide hose (1.1) to an external thread II (2.1.3) on a shell (2.1) of a sampling main body (2) to carry out rotating operation, so that the quick-release movable nut (1.2) is in threaded connection with the sampling main body (2), and simultaneously, the oil guide hose (1.1) is in sealed communication with a shell cavity (2.1.1);
drainage: the door-opening inner column (2.2) in the sampling main body (2) gradually rises by rotating the rotary adjusting mechanism (2.3) until the door-opening inner column (2.2) jacks a one-way valve in an oil outlet of an airplane body, fuel in the airplane body flows into the oil guide hose (1.1) along a shell cavity (2.1.1) of the sampler, the rotary adjusting mechanism (2.3) stops rotating, and the rotary adjusting mechanism (2.3) is fixed, so that the rotary adjusting mechanism (2.3) is prevented from automatically rotating; opening a throttle valve (1.4) to ensure that fuel oil smoothly enters a sampling bottle, and starting timing while opening the throttle valve (1.4) to ensure that the aim of accurate sampling is fulfilled;
flow blocking: after timing is finished, closing the throttle valve (1.4), rotating the rotary adjusting mechanism (2.3) to enable the door-opening inner column (2.2) in the sampling main body (2) to gradually descend until the one-way valve in the oil discharging port of the airplane body is closed again, stopping the fuel oil in the airplane body from flowing into the sampler, opening the throttle valve (1.4) and enabling the fuel oil in the oil guide hose (1.1) to flow into the sampling bottle;
disassembling the sampler: after all the fuel oil in the oil guide hose (1.1) flows into the sampling bottle, the throttle valve (1.4) is closed, the sampling main body (2) and the oil outlet nozzle (1.3) are respectively detached from the oil-proof port of the airplane body and the bottle mouth of the sampling bottle, and the bottle mouth of the sampling bottle is sealed.
8. A method of sampling aviation fuel as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the device also comprises a cleaning sampler, wherein the cleaning sampler comprises the steps of disassembling, cleaning, airing and reassembling;
disassembling and cleaning: putting the sampler into a cleaning container, and pouring cleaning liquid into the cleaning container; rotating the quick-release movable nut (1.2) to separate the oil guide unit (1) from the sampling main body (2) and opening the throttle valve (1.4); taking down the rotary adjusting mechanism (2.3) in the sampling main body (2) from the shell (2.1), taking out the door-opening inner column (2.2) from the shell cavity (2.1.1), removing residual fuel oil on each component of the sampler by using cleaning liquid, and then replacing clean water to clean each component of the sampler;
airing and reloading: after the cleaning is finished, all components of the sampler are taken out of the cleaning container for airing, after the sampler is dried in the air, the sampling main body (2) is reassembled, namely, the door-opening inner column (2.2) is placed back into the shell cavity (2.1.1), the space groove (2.2.1) faces the assembly hole (2.1.4), the gear column (2.3.2) of the rotary adjusting mechanism (2.3) is aligned to the assembly hole (2.1.4), the gear column (2.3.2) penetrates through the assembly hole (2.1.4) and then is inserted into the space groove (2.2.1) and is meshed with the rack structure (2.2.2.2) in the space groove (2.2.1), and the assembly is finished, so that the sampler can be used next time.
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