CN112352875A - 一种高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料及其养殖方法 - Google Patents
一种高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料及其养殖方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112352875A CN112352875A CN202011444035.6A CN202011444035A CN112352875A CN 112352875 A CN112352875 A CN 112352875A CN 202011444035 A CN202011444035 A CN 202011444035A CN 112352875 A CN112352875 A CN 112352875A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- carp
- density
- breeding
- carps
- feed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000252234 Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000252210 Cyprinidae Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001275016 Cyprinus carpio 'jian' Species 0.000 claims description 3
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical group O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000001258 Cinchona calisaya Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N Quinine Natural products C([C@H]([C@H](C1)C=C)C2)C[N@@]1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C21 LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LOUPRKONTZGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinchonine Natural products C1C(C(C2)C=C)CCN2C1C(O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C21 LOUPRKONTZGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 ethoxy quinine Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000948 quinine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- JXXCENBLGFBQJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)-trimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)CC(O)=O JXXCENBLGFBQJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019779 Rapeseed Meal Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019742 Vitamins premix Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- NEGYEDYHPHMHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-methoxyamphetamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CC(C)N)C=C1 NEGYEDYHPHMHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004456 rapeseed meal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Threonine Natural products CC(O)C(N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004473 Threonine Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 abstract description 2
- MIJPAVRNWPDMOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3-hydroxy-5-oxo-2h-furan-4-yl] dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OCC(O)C1OC(=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)=C1O MIJPAVRNWPDMOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 2
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N L-threonine Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000150 monocalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 101710089042 Demethyl-4-deoxygadusol synthase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001113556 Elodea Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000200287 Gymnodinium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000192710 Microcystis aeruginosa Species 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102220414043 c.31T>G Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229940062672 calcium dihydrogen phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HDMGAZBPFLDBCX-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;sulfooxy sulfate Chemical compound [K+].OS(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O HDMGAZBPFLDBCX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料及其养殖方法,属于淡水鱼技术领域。其专用饲料包括鱼粉、猪肉粉、鸡肉粉、豆粕、菜粕、棉粕、酒糟蛋白饲料、米糠、玉米蛋白粉、面粉、豆油、维生素预混料、微量元素预混料、磷酸二氢钙、氯化胆碱、维生素C磷酸酯、防霉剂、抗氧化剂、维生素E、L‑肉碱盐酸盐、苏氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸。其养殖方法包括:养殖池环境控制、放苗、喂养控制三个步骤。本发明是根据鲤鱼机体营养需求,合理配比配方中的各组分;提高了鲤鱼饲料的利用率,降低了氮、磷等代谢物对养殖水体污染,促进鲤鱼养殖的可持续发展。同时配套的养殖模式放养密度高,池塘水资源利用率高,单位面积的产出效益大大提高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及淡水鱼饲养技术领域,具体涉及一种高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料及其养殖方法。
背景技术
鲤鱼是养殖历史最悠久、产量最高的鱼类之一。鲤鱼是典型的底层杂食性鱼类,一般喜在水下层活动,在鱼苗阶段主要吃浮游动物,成鱼阶段摄食螺蛳、摇蚊幼虫、小鱼虾等,还吃食各种水草、草根、植物果实及植物腐屑等。鲤鱼的适应性很强,能在恶劣的环境中生存。如在水温15℃-30℃范围内都能很好地生长,既耐寒耐缺氧,又较耐盐碱,在小于7g/L的咸水中生长良好,最适宜的含盐量为1-4g/L。
鲤鱼肉质细嫩、味道鲜美,价格适宜,在沿黄流域以及北方地区深受消费者欢迎。近年来特种养殖发展迅速,但是受制于北方地区的温度,山东、河南、天津以及东北等地区,鲤鱼养殖仍然较多。
鲤鱼养殖模式一般分为当年养成和夏花次年养成,当年养成模式一般在3-5月开始投苗,到中秋节达到1.5斤/尾左右出售;夏花次年养成模式一般在6月前后放苗,次年5-6月规格达到2-2.5斤/尾出售。目前鲤鱼养殖放养密度普遍在1000-2500尾/亩,现有鲤鱼专用饲料主要匹配的该种放养模式;但是近年来鲤鱼行情整体下行,单亩养殖效益偏低。尤其在北方地区,通过提高放养密度来提高单亩养殖效益势在必行,但是提高放养密度后,缺少适宜的鲤鱼专用饲料,无法满足鲤鱼的生长需求,可能会带来更大的经济。
因此,亟需开发一种鲤鱼专用饲料及其相匹配的养殖模式,,这对于提高我国鲤鱼养殖,推动鲤鱼的可持续性发展具有重要的理论和实际意义。
发明内容
本发明针对上述现有技术存在的问题,提供一种高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料和对应的养殖方法。
为实现本发明第一个目的,通过以下技术方案予以实现:
一种高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料,以质量份计算包括以下组分:
优选地,以质量份计算包括以下组分:
优选地,所述防霉剂为丙酸和/或丙酸盐;所述抗氧化剂为乙氧基奎琳。
优选地,所述鱼粉中蛋白质含量≥65%总质量,挥发性盐基氮≤130mgNaOH/100g。
优选地,所述豆粕中蛋白质含量≥46%总质量。
为实现本发明第二个目的,通过以下技术方案予以实现:
一种高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料对应的养殖方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)养殖池环境控制:要求养殖水体pH值7-8,水温17-30℃;每天24小时内至少16小时溶氧≥5mg/L,任何时候均≥3mg/L;氨氮浓度≤0.2mg/L,亚硝酸盐含量≤0.1mg/L;
(2)放苗:在3-4月,放苗密度4000-6000尾/亩;鲤鱼苗规格为50-300尾/斤;
(3)喂养:当鲤鱼体重小于50g/尾时,每天喂养鲤鱼体重的3-8%饲料量;当鲤鱼体重在50-500g/尾时,每天喂养鲤鱼体重的2-3%饲料量;当鲤鱼体重大于500g/尾时,每天喂养鲤鱼体重的1.5-2%饲料量。
优选地,在步骤(2)中,同时放养花鲢和白鲢;所述花鲢的放养密度为50-80尾/亩;所述白鲢的放养密度为100尾/亩;花鲢规格为3-5尾/斤。
优选地,所述步骤(2)中,鲤鱼的品种为建鲤和/或福瑞鲤。
优选地,所述步骤(1)中,在放养后,每7-10天在养殖池内投放活菌。
进一步优选地,活菌包括芽孢杆菌、光合细菌和乳酸菌中的至少一种,所述活菌的投放量为每亩60-200亿CFU/g。
本发明是根据鲤鱼机体营养需求,选择优质易获得蛋白源、脂肪源、维生素、微量元素,并有效的结合这些原料功能营养特点,合理配比;提高了鲤鱼对该专用饲料的利用率,降低了氮、磷等代谢物对养殖水体污染,促进鲤鱼养殖的可持续发展。
与本发明专用饲料配套的养殖模式放养密度高,池塘水资源利用率高,单位面积的产出效益大大提高;配合使用该发明的专用饲料,养殖周期大大缩短,养殖效率更高。
具体实施方式
下面具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,以使本领域技术人员可以更好的理解本发明并能予以实施,但所举实施例不作为对本发明的限定。按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段,在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,对本发明上述结构做出的其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更,均应落在本发明的保护范围。
本发明中,DDGS是指酒糟蛋白饲料(Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles)。
维生素预混料为四川通威饲料有限公司提供的F11V肉食性鱼用维生素预混料。
微量元素预混料为四川通威饲料有限公司提供的F11M杂食性鱼用微量元素预混料。
L-肉碱盐酸盐为北京桑普生物化学技术有限公司生产的“可利康”。
鱼粉要求蛋白含量≥65%(重量比),且VBN(挥发性盐基氮,volatile basicnitrogen)≤130mgNaOH/100g。
豆粕要求蛋白含量≥46%(重量比)。
棉粕中粗蛋白含量≥50%(重量比)。
防霉剂为丙酸和/或丙酸盐。
抗氧化剂为乙氧基奎琳。
按下表1中的比例配制鲤鱼专用饲料。
表1鲤鱼专用饲料成分表
单位:Kg | 实施例一 | 实施例二 | 实施例三 |
鱼粉 | 80 | 60 | 50 |
猪肉粉 | 60 | 60 | 70 |
鸡肉粉 | 60 | 80 | 80 |
豆粕 | 250 | 200 | 200 |
菜粕 | 110 | 150 | 63 |
棉粕 | 20 | 40 | 40 |
DDGS | 100 | 150 | 150 |
米糠 | 140 | 150 | 150 |
玉米蛋白粉 | 30 | 50 | 50 |
面粉 | 60 | 60 | 60 |
豆油 | 40 | 30 | 30 |
维生素预混料 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
微量元素预混料 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
磷酸二氢钙 | 20 | 25 | 25 |
氯化胆碱 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
维生素C磷酸酯 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
防霉剂 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
抗氧化剂 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 |
维生素E | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
L-肉碱盐酸盐 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
苏氨酸 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
赖氨酸 | 3 | 3 | 5 |
蛋氨酸 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
饲料的制备方法为:原料初清、除铁;一次配料(鱼粉、猪肉粉鸡肉粉、豆粕、菜粕、棉粕、DDGS、米糠、玉米蛋白粉、面粉、豆油);粉碎;混合;二次配料(剩余原料);二次混合;调制制粒;喷油;冷却;打包。
样式模式方案
(1)池塘选择:池塘面积5-20亩,水深1.5米-2米,每两口池塘或一口池塘配置一口井,可以随时加水,以便保证夏季池塘水位正常。要求养殖水体pH值7-8,水温17-30℃;每天24小时内至少16小时溶氧≥5mg/L,任何时候均≥3mg/L;氨氮浓度≤0.2mg/L,亚硝酸盐含量≤0.1mg/L。
(2)机械配置:池塘配置叶轮增氧机(3kw)、涌浪机(1.5kw)和水车(1.5kw)等增氧机械,单亩=增氧机械配置不低于1kw,在正常养殖期间,至少保证一台3kw叶轮增氧机24h全天开启。
(3)苗种准备:每年3-5月,选择建鲤或福瑞鲤品种,初始规格为水花或50-300尾/斤,每亩放养密度4000-6000尾;花鲢和白鲢按照当地现有苗种规格,花鲢3-5尾/斤;放养即可,花鲢密度50-80尾/亩,白鲢100尾/亩,花白鲢主要起到调节水质的作用。所有苗种在放入池之前,用质量分数为3-5%食盐水浸泡5分钟左右,以便达到杀菌消毒和杀虫的效果。
(4)饲料投喂:鲤鱼规格50g/尾以内时,投铒率适当提高,3-8%;随着鲤鱼生长,规格逐渐增大,50-500g/尾期间,投铒率逐渐降低,3%-2%;500g以后,投铒率需制在1.5%-2%。投铒率还需要根据鱼的摄食情况以及天气情况做主动调整;如遇到阴天、炎热等天气情况鱼不摄食则主动减少一半的投喂量,依旧不摄食则不投喂半天后尝试投喂。
放养后每7-10天投放活菌,活菌包括芽孢杆菌、光合细菌、乳酸菌中,活菌的投放量为每亩60-200亿CFU/g。
(5)水质管理:为了保障养殖对象的健康生长,池塘水质调控和底质维护需要有机结合,做到科学养殖、精细化管理。7-10天用活菌(芽孢杆菌、光合细菌、乳酸菌等)肥水调水,维系池塘生态***的藻相平衡,提高有益藻,如小球藻、硅藻等的比例,降低裸甲藻等有害藻的比例;投喂饲料之后,浪费的饲料以及未消化的饲料都会对池塘底质造成影响,为了减少底质对池塘的负面影响,每10-15天使用一次底质改良剂,阴雨天气和晴朗天气均可使用化学底质改良剂(主养成分为过硫酸氢钾复合盐、毒素分解复合酶、阴离子交换剂、增氧素等),天气晴朗时使用生物化学底质改良剂(主要成分为复合微生物及生物活性物质),预防特殊天气,如阴雨天气池塘上下层因水温不同,产生对流,池底有害物质(如硫化氢等)溢出造成翻塘。
养殖实验
以实施例三制备的专用饲料,持续2年喂养进行养殖鲤鱼实验。
(1)将试验用饲料记为A。对比试验料为某主流品牌鲤鱼专用饲料,记为B。
(2)开展养殖试验1
选取6个5亩池塘,水深1.5-2米,池塘增氧机械全部按照本发明配置,1.5kw/亩;每两口池塘配置一口井,池塘用水均为地下水。试验设2个处理组,每个处理组设3个重复,每个重复放养密度5000尾/亩,初始规格100尾/斤,每天分别投喂2种不同的专用饲料3-5次,投铒率按照本发明中的指导设计,试验养殖时间到达到上市规格(750g以上),养殖结束后,清塘核算饲料系数,养殖周期等。试验结果如下表2所示。
养殖试验中加入花、白鲢一起套养,由于花、白鲢不摄食颗粒饲料,因此在计算饵料系数时,不需要考虑花、白鲢的产量
表2相同养殖模式下两种不同专用饲料对鲤鱼生长的影响
注:表中同列数据上标不同字母表示差异有显著性,P<0.05表示有显著性差异。
由表2可知,本发明组(A组)的终末体重显著高于B组,养殖周期和饲料系数显著低于B组(P<0.05)。由此可知,在该发明的模式下,该发明中的饲料具有明显效果。
(3)开展养殖试验2
选取6个5亩池塘,水深1.5-2米,所有池塘均投喂该发明中的饲料,饲料制作如(1)所示。池塘条件(增氧机械、水深等)均一致,但是在放养模式上做一定区别。试验设2个处理组,每个处理组设3个重复,处理A每个重复放养密度5000尾/亩,初始规格100尾/斤;处理B每个重复放养密度2500尾/亩,初始规格100尾/斤,每天投喂相同的专用饲料3-5次,投铒率按照本发明中的指导设计,试验养殖时间到达到上市规格(750g以上),养殖结束后,清塘核算饲料系数,养殖周期等。试验结果如下表3所示。
养殖试验中加入花、白鲢一起套养,由于花、白鲢不摄食颗粒饲料,因此在计算饵料系数时,不需要考虑花、白鲢的产量
表3两种不同养殖模式下同一专用饲料对鲤鱼生长的影响
注:表中同列数据上标不同字母表示差异有显著性,P<0.05表示有显著性差异。
由表3可知,处理A的终末体重和养殖周期鱼处理B没有显著差异,但是A组的饲料系数明显低于B组(P<0.05)。由此可知,同样的饲料产品需要匹配对应的模式才能发挥出最佳的效果。
综上,本发明的饲料产品和模式相匹配,可以有效降低饲料系数,提高最终养殖效益。
Claims (10)
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料,其特征在于:所述防霉剂为丙酸和/或丙酸盐;所述抗氧化剂为乙氧基奎琳。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料,其特征在于:所述鱼粉中蛋白质含量≥65%总质量,挥发性盐基氮≤130mgNaOH/100g。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料,其特征在于:所述豆粕中蛋白质含量≥46%总质量。
6.权利要求1-5高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料对应的养殖方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)养殖池环境控制:要求养殖水体pH值7-8,水温17-30℃;每天24小时内至少16小时溶氧≥5mg/L,任何时候均≥3mg/L;氨氮浓度≤0.2mg/L,亚硝酸盐含量≤0.1mg/L;
(2)放苗:在3-4月,放苗密度4000-6000尾/亩;鲤鱼苗规格为50-300尾/斤;
(3)喂养:当鲤鱼体重小于50g/尾时,每天喂养鲤鱼体重的3-8%饲料量;当鲤鱼体重在50-500g/尾时,每天喂养鲤鱼体重的2-3%饲料量;当鲤鱼体重大于500g/尾时,每天喂养鲤鱼体重的1.5-2%饲料量。
7.根据权利要求5所述的高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料对应的养殖方法,其特征在于:在步骤(2)中,同时放养花鲢和白鲢;所述花鲢的放养密度为50-80尾/亩;所述白鲢的放养密度为100尾/亩;花鲢规格为3-5尾/斤。
8.根据权利要求5所述的高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料对应的养殖方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中,鲤鱼的品种为建鲤和/或福瑞鲤。
9.根据权利要求5所述的高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料对应的养殖方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中,在放养后,每7-10天在养殖池内投放活菌。
10.根据权利要求9所述的高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料对应的养殖方法,其特征在于:活菌包括芽孢杆菌、光合细菌和乳酸菌中的至少一种,所述活菌的投放量为每亩60-200亿CFU/g。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202011444035.6A CN112352875A (zh) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | 一种高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料及其养殖方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202011444035.6A CN112352875A (zh) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | 一种高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料及其养殖方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN112352875A true CN112352875A (zh) | 2021-02-12 |
Family
ID=74536291
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202011444035.6A Pending CN112352875A (zh) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | 一种高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料及其养殖方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN112352875A (zh) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113100356A (zh) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-07-13 | 广西大学 | 禾花鲤仔稚鱼饲料配方 |
CN114557400A (zh) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-31 | 通威股份有限公司 | 一种具有免疫增强作用的鲤科鱼饲料及池塘循环养殖方法 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104872444A (zh) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-02 | 通威股份有限公司 | 一种禾花鲤的配合饲料 |
CN105685395A (zh) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-06-22 | 天津现代天骄水产饲料股份有限公司 | 一种鲤鱼夏花配合饵料 |
CN105941217A (zh) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-21 | 通威股份有限公司 | 一种鲤鱼高密度养殖方法 |
CN106260786A (zh) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-04 | 昆明通威饲料有限公司 | 一种高脂肪低蛋白环保型鲤鱼育成配合饲料及其制备方法 |
CN106472368A (zh) * | 2015-09-02 | 2017-03-08 | 山东省淡水渔业研究院 | 一种复合微生态制剂以及应用该制剂的鲤鱼生态养殖方法 |
CN106900609A (zh) * | 2017-05-06 | 2017-06-30 | 安徽帝都农业生态园有限公司 | 一种鲤鱼的养殖方法 |
CN107319111A (zh) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-07 | 河南康达尔农牧科技有限公司 | 一种功能性鲤鱼饲料及其制备方法 |
CN108782959A (zh) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-11-13 | 盐城天邦饲料科技有限公司 | 一种环保型鲫鱼低蛋高脂配合饲料 |
-
2020
- 2020-12-08 CN CN202011444035.6A patent/CN112352875A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105685395A (zh) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-06-22 | 天津现代天骄水产饲料股份有限公司 | 一种鲤鱼夏花配合饵料 |
CN104872444A (zh) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-02 | 通威股份有限公司 | 一种禾花鲤的配合饲料 |
CN106472368A (zh) * | 2015-09-02 | 2017-03-08 | 山东省淡水渔业研究院 | 一种复合微生态制剂以及应用该制剂的鲤鱼生态养殖方法 |
CN105941217A (zh) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-21 | 通威股份有限公司 | 一种鲤鱼高密度养殖方法 |
CN106260786A (zh) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-04 | 昆明通威饲料有限公司 | 一种高脂肪低蛋白环保型鲤鱼育成配合饲料及其制备方法 |
CN106900609A (zh) * | 2017-05-06 | 2017-06-30 | 安徽帝都农业生态园有限公司 | 一种鲤鱼的养殖方法 |
CN107319111A (zh) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-07 | 河南康达尔农牧科技有限公司 | 一种功能性鲤鱼饲料及其制备方法 |
CN108782959A (zh) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-11-13 | 盐城天邦饲料科技有限公司 | 一种环保型鲫鱼低蛋高脂配合饲料 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
陆建安: "饲用左旋肉碱的制备与应用", 饲料博览 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113100356A (zh) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-07-13 | 广西大学 | 禾花鲤仔稚鱼饲料配方 |
CN114557400A (zh) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-31 | 通威股份有限公司 | 一种具有免疫增强作用的鲤科鱼饲料及池塘循环养殖方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN102669467B (zh) | 一种草鱼配合饲料及其制备方法 | |
CN105614159A (zh) | 一种本地乌鳢全程使用的膨化配合饲料 | |
CN102783439A (zh) | 暗纹东方鲀三段式养殖工艺 | |
CN105393951A (zh) | 一种鲤鱼的养殖方法 | |
CN107926788A (zh) | 一种人工繁育田螺的方法 | |
CN112352875A (zh) | 一种高密度养殖鲤鱼的专用饲料及其养殖方法 | |
CN103168969B (zh) | 一种绿色环保、营养高效型太阳鱼饲料 | |
CN106614180A (zh) | 一种对虾养殖方法 | |
CN106577513A (zh) | 一种后期改善鸭肉肉质的饲养方法 | |
CN111194707B (zh) | 一种高效的红九棘鲈的室外生态池塘人工育苗方法 | |
CN113383874A (zh) | 一种用于养殖加州鲈的功能饲料及其养殖方法 | |
KR101115287B1 (ko) | 생물사료를 이용한 새우 종묘의 생산방법 | |
CN104686836A (zh) | 鳄龟幼龟膨化颗粒配合饲料 | |
CN111990297A (zh) | 一种斑点叉尾鮰与南美白对虾套养的方法 | |
CN106305509A (zh) | 一种鲫鱼和鳙鱼、秀丽白虾的混养方法 | |
CN110604234A (zh) | 索罗金小球藻在改善鱼类健康状况的功能性饲料中的应用 | |
Ghatnekar et al. | Feeding Leucaena to Mozambique tilipia and Indian major carps | |
CN109730004A (zh) | 一种鲩鱼的饲养方法 | |
CN104094876A (zh) | 高产家庭渔业养殖技术 | |
CN106719153A (zh) | 一种罗非鱼的饲养方法 | |
Soares et al. | Polyculture of curimatã-pacu (Prochilodus argenteus) and canela shrimp (Macrobrachium acanthurus) feed with dehydrated cassava leaf meal | |
CN113692996A (zh) | 一种鲫鱼高效养殖方法 | |
CN105660493A (zh) | 一种梭子蟹的池塘养殖方法 | |
CN104957087A (zh) | 一种雪樱子青饲料喂养土鸡技术 | |
Bob-Manuel | A comparative study of the effect of yeast single cell protein on growth, feed utilization and condition factor of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) and tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus) fingerlings |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210212 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |