CN112351914A - 车辆客厢的光标测*** - Google Patents
车辆客厢的光标测*** Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112351914A CN112351914A CN201980045329.0A CN201980045329A CN112351914A CN 112351914 A CN112351914 A CN 112351914A CN 201980045329 A CN201980045329 A CN 201980045329A CN 112351914 A CN112351914 A CN 112351914A
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- light
- vehicle
- intensity
- sensor
- passenger compartment
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Abstract
一种车辆内部光强度标测***包括至少一个光检测器,所述至少一个光检测器被配置成标识分布在所述车辆中的多个区域中的光的强度。所述光检测器包括光学装置,所述光学装置包括被配置成从多个方向接收分布在车辆的客厢中的光的至少一个孔口。所述光检测器还包括至少一个传感器,所述至少一个传感器被配置成从所述多个方向接收所述光。控制器被配置成标识所述车辆的多个区域中的每个区域中的所述光的强度,其中所述区域中的每个区域对应于通过所述光学装置的所述多个孔口中的每个孔口接收的所述光的不同方向。
Description
技术领域
本公开大体上涉及一种用于电光装置的控制***,并且更具体地说,涉及一种用于多个电光装置的多区控制***。
发明内容
在本发明的一个方面,公开一种车辆内部光强度标测(mapping)***。所述***包括至少一个光检测器,所述至少一个光检测器被配置成标识分布在车辆中的多个区域中的光强度。所述光检测器包括光学装置,所述光学装置包括被配置成从多个方向接收分布在车辆的客厢中的光的至少一个孔口。所述光检测器还包括至少一个传感器,所述至少一个传感器被配置成从所述多个方向接收所述光。所述***还包括与所述至少一个传感器通信的控制器。所述控制器被配置成标识所述车辆的多个区域中的每个区域中的光强度,其中所述区域中的每个区域对应于通过所述光学装置的多个孔口中的每个孔口接收的光的不同方向。所述控制器还被配置成生成所述客厢的光强度图,其包括所述多个区域中的光强度变化的指示。
在本公开的另一方面,公开一种用于控制车辆内部光强度标测***的方法。所述方法包括标识从多个方向照射车辆的至少一部分的光,以及确定所述多个方向中的每个方向上的光强度。所述方法还包括:基于所述多个方向中的每个方向上的光强度来确定照射车辆的多个透光面板的光的面板特定光强度;以及响应于所述面板特定光强度来控制透光面板的透射率。
在本公开的又一方面,公开一种车辆内部光强度标测***。所述***包括至少一个光检测器,所述至少一个光检测器被配置成标识分布在车辆中的多个区域中的光强度。所述光检测器包括光学装置,所述光学装置包括被配置成从多个方向接收分布在车辆的客厢中的光的至少一个孔口。所述光检测器还包括至少一个传感器,所述至少一个传感器被配置成从所述多个方向接收光,其中所述至少一个传感器包括多个光检测区,所述多个光检测区被配置成独立地检测来自每个孔口的光级。控制器与所述至少一个传感器通信,其中所述控制器被配置成标识所述车辆的多个区域中的每个区域中的光强度。所述区域中的每个区域对应于通过所述光学装置的多个孔口中的每个孔口接收的光的不同方向。
通过研究所附说明书、权利要求书和附图,所属领域的技术人员将进一步理解和了解本发明装置的这些和其它特征、优势和目标。
附图说明
现将参考以下附图描述本发明,其中:
图1是车辆的投影视图,展示被配置成控制多个调光窗的窗控制***;
图2是展示多个调光窗的车辆的客厢的投影视图;
图3是包含电光设备的详细横截面图的调光窗的示意图;
图4是展示光标测***的示例性操作的车辆客厢的投影视图;
图5A是光检测器图,所述光检测器被配置成标识所述客厢中的多个区域中的光强度;
图5B是光检测器图,所述光检测器被配置成标识客厢中的多个区域中的光强度;
图5C是光检测器图,所述光检测器被配置成标识客厢中的多个区域中的光强度;
图5D是光检测器图,所述光检测器被配置成标识客厢中的多个区域中的光强度;以及
图6是根据本公开的窗控制***的框图。
具体实施方式
出于本文描述目的,术语“上”、“下”、“右”、“左”、“后”、“前”、“竖直”、“水平”和其派生词将与本发明在图1中的定向有关。应理解,除了明确地指定为相反情况之外,本发明可采取各种定向。还应理解,附图中所示且在下文说明书中描述的具体装置和过程仅仅是所附权利要求书中限定的本发明概念的示例性实施例。因此,除非权利要求书另外明确陈述,否则与本文中公开的实施例有关的具体尺寸和其它物理特性不应被视为限制性的。
术语“包含”、“包括”或其任何其它变化意图涵盖非排它的包含物,使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、制品或设备不仅包含那些要素,还可包含并未明确地列出的或并非此类过程、方法、制品或设备固有的其它要素。带有“包括……”的要素在没有更多约束条件的情况下并不排除包括所述要素的过程、方法、制品或设备中的额外相同要素的存在。
参考图1和2,示出包括窗控制***12的车辆10。窗控制***12被配置成控制可包括多个调光区16的至少一个调光窗14。应理解,在本申请中,对于每个窗14,所述多个调光区可减少到单个区。本文所论述的每个调光窗14或调光区16可包括电光设备18。电光设备18可包括多个衬底,所述多个衬底包括安置在其间的电光介质(例如,电致变色材料或介质)。参考图3提供对电光设备18的进一步详细论述。在示例性实施例中,窗控制***12可被配置成通过控制透射穿过调光窗14的热负荷和眩光来优化车辆10的客厢20的舒适度和可见度。
在各种实施例中,窗控制***12可包括多个传感器22,可以各种组合监测所述多个传感器以标识靠近车辆10的光照条件。在此配置中,***12的控制器可自动控制通过如本文所论述的调光窗14和/或调光区16中的每一者的光的透射率水平。参考图1,传感器22可包括外部光传感器24。外部光传感器24可包含环境光传感器24a、定向光传感器24b或成像器中的一者或多者,和/或分布在车辆10的外部表面上的多个光传感器24c或成像器。
环境光传感器24a可被配置成检测靠近车辆10的环境的环境光照条件。定向光传感器24b可被配置成标识照射车辆10的光30的光级和大致起点方向。定向光传感器24b可包括被配置成检测照射车辆10的光30的等级和方向的多个光传感器或成像器模块。类似地,多个传感器22可对应于分布或定位在车辆10上的各种位置的多个成像器或光电检测器。因此,传感器22可被配置成监测车辆10的各种外部区域以标识或标测照射车辆10的每个区域的光30的强度的变化。本文中论述的光传感器或成像器中的每一者可实施为半导体电荷耦合装置(CCD)或互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)技术的像素传感器。外部光传感器24可与***12的控制器通信,使得控制器可标识来自多个方向32的光30的强度和方向,所述多个方向可基本上包围车辆10的外部。
在一些实施例中,控制***12可包括导航***34。导航***34可包括全球定位***(GPS)和/或方向传感器(例如,指南针、磁力计等)。因此,基于导航***34的全球定位***(GPS)报告的位置变化和/或导航***34的方向传感器标识的前进方向变化,控制***12的控制器可标识车辆10的前进方向36。基于前进方向36、一天中的时间和车辆10运作的区域,控制器可被配置成估计太阳相对于前进方向36的方向。因此,控制***12还可被配置成利用太阳相对于车辆10的前进方向36的估计方向来控制通过车辆10的调光窗14和/或调光区16中的一者或多者的光的透射率。
现参考图2,示出客厢20,其展示内部光传感器26和占用传感器28。类似于外部光传感器24,内部光传感器26可实施为定向光传感器26a或多个光传感器26b或成像器。在操作中,内部光传感器26可被配置成标识车辆10的各个区域、方向42和照射所述区域的光30的对应强度。基于车辆10的客厢20内的每个区域的相对强度,控制***12的控制器可被配置成生成并监测客厢20的光强度图。基于光强度图,控制***12的控制器可被配置成控制调光窗14和/或调光区16中的每一者的透射率,以控制通过窗14和/或区中的每一者进入客厢20的光。以此方式,窗控制***12可监测进入客厢20内的多个区域的光强度,并且控制光30的透射率以确保客厢20的每个区域被照亮到所要光照水平。因此,***12可提供对客厢20中可能因强光透射穿过窗14所致的失衡或热点的限制。在其它实施例中,***12可用于消除失能性(disabling)眩光或干扰眩光,所述失能性眩光或干扰眩光可能在源自车辆外部的光射到车辆的显示或其它读出而使其不可读时发生。失能性眩光或失能眩光会在未必引起不适的情况下损害对象的视力。失能眩光通常由光在眼球内的相互反射引起,从而使任务与眩光源之间的对比度降低到无法区分所述任务的程度。在此情况下,失能性眩光相对于车辆内的其它光在严格意义上可能不是失衡或热点。因此,可使用对窗的调光来使显示或读出可辨别。内部传感器26可定位成检测失能性眩光,使得控制***可相应地作出响应。在又一实施例中,窗控制***12可用于消除不适眩光。不适眩光会导致本能地想要避开不看明亮光源或导致难以看到任务。在进入车辆的光引起不适眩光的情况下,窗可调到其中进入车辆的光的强度降低到乘员不再感到不适的强度的透射水平。数个因素会影响进入车辆的光是否会导致不适眩光。例如,眩光源的照度(所述源的每单位面积发射的光通量的强度)、适应水平(到达眼睛并引发眼睛的适应性的光通量、眩光源的立体角(观察者看到的眩光源大小)、位置指数(考虑了从观察者的视线所见的眩光源因水平和竖直位移所致的不同感知的校正因子)以及各种生理和心理来源都可影响给定光级是否会上升到不适水平。由于不存在导致不适眩光的状况的通用模型,因此控制***12可包括将进入车辆的光的强度控制到不同强度级的能力。传感器26可用于检测给定位置处的光,而控制***12可使用控制算法,其中电气***到窗或多个片段,使得达到所要强度级。此外,控制***12可动态地调整窗以适应变化的环境条件或车辆定向,使得所要强度级得以维持。应理解,基于上文所描述的因素,不同人体验不适眩光的感觉不同。因此,控制***12还可包括对应于不同强度级的预设,所述不同强度级匹配不同乘员用以与避免不适眩光的可接受级相关联的强度级。还应理解,控制***12可同时调整一个或多个窗的多个区,使得多个不同眩光状况得以缓解。除了可对应于中等暗化状态的强度预设之外,控制***12还可包括手动或自动的设置,其中将窗置于完全暗化或完全清透的状态。
在各种实施例中,窗控制***11可操作以控制穿过车辆10中的多个区域中的调光窗14的光的透射。例如,车辆10的区域可包括前客厢、后客厢、客厢的驾驶员侧、客厢的乘客侧,以及客厢中可通过一个或多个调光窗14接收光的额外排或部分。可由控制***12的控制器控制的车辆10的调光区16的分辨率或数目可基于调光窗14和对应的调光区16的数目而变化。如图2中所描绘,第一天窗面板44a和第二天窗面板44b可各自包括四个调光区16。每个调光区16可包括电光设备18,所述电光设备可由控制***12的控制器独立地控制以调整穿过其中的光的透射率。另外,示出车辆10的挡风玻璃46包括六个调光区16。调光区16的数目可基于控制***12的所要操作而变化,使得可针对各种应用来实施和调整***12。
在一些实施例中,***12还可包括占用传感器28。占用传感器28可对应于成像器,所述成像器可通常作为与定向光传感器26a或多个光传感器26b组合的单个传感器实施于车辆10中。例如,在一些实施例中,内部光传感器26和占用传感器28可对应于具有视场的一个或多个成像器,所述视场被配置成捕捉客厢20内的各个区域。以此方式,控制***12的控制器可操作以捕捉图像数据,所述图像数据包含车辆10的乘员的图像以及客厢20中的光强度的变化。在此配置中,控制***12的控制器可准确地标识客厢20内的每个区域内的占用率和光强度。占用传感器28还可在车辆10中实施为一个或多个重量传感器28b或可用于标识客厢20内的乘员位置的各种其它传感器。
再次参考图1和2,在一些实施例中,控制***12可利用由外部光传感器24标识的光30的方向32和由内部光传感器26捕捉的光强度图的组合。另外,控制***12可利用由占用传感器28捕捉的信息,以及基于来自内部光传感器26的数据而标识的光强度图,和/或基于外部光传感器24供应的信息而标识的照射车辆的光30的方向32。因此,控制***12可被配置成标识照射车辆的光30的方向32。基于由传感器22捕捉的数据,***12可控制调光窗14和/或调光区16以确保光30的强度被一致地传入车辆中,以限制光强度图的变化。
另外,结合乘员所在的客厢20的一个或多个区域,控制***12的控制器可标识照射车辆10的光30的方向32。基于占用情况和光30的方向,***12可控制调光窗14和/或调光区16中的一者或多者以限制在与一个或多个乘员一致的方向32上通过调光窗14和/或调光区16中的一者或多者的光30的强度。参考图4进一步论述调光窗14和/或区16中的一者或多者的控制例程的其它示例。
现参考图3,示出展示多个调光区16的调光窗14的示意图。如所展示,每个调光区16以通信方式连接到窗控制模块50。在此配置中,窗控制模块50可操作以控制由多个引线52供应到每个调光区16的电压或其它电属性。通过控制供应到引线52的信号或电压,控制模块50可控制形成调光区16的每个电光设备18的电光材料的可变透射率。导电引线52可通过可形成导电路径矩阵的多个透明、不透明或半透射半反射传导层与每个调光区16导电连接,所述导电路径矩阵被配置成将电信号从窗控制模块50独立地传达到每个调光区16。
如在图3中所展示,示出调光窗14的详细横截面54,其展示调光区16的示例性配置的堆叠结构。调光区16可包括以间隔开的配置朝向第二衬底56b的第一衬底56a。电光材料或介质58(例如,电致变色材料)可围封于第一衬底56a与第二衬底56b之间。电光材料可包括安置在电极57a和5b的表面上的多个电致变色层。在此类实施例中,所述电致变色层在电光设备18上可不连续并且可通过电解质层分开。
第一透明电极57a可安置在第一透明衬底56a与电光介质58之间,并且第二透明电极57b可安置在第二衬底56b与电光介质58之间。每个调光区16可由基本上透明的分隔件59分割和/或分开。在此配置中,每个调光区可导电分离且不同,使得控制***12的窗控制模块50可独立地控制通过每个调光区16的光的透射率。因此,每个调光窗14可使得调光区16能够独立地响应于施加到引线52的电压电势或其它电学性质或信号而改变透射率。
在示例性实施例中,电光介质58可用作层压制件以将第一衬底56a和第二衬底56b保持在一起。电光设备18和衬底56a、56b可由各种材料形成。例如,衬底56a和56b可为塑料。用于衬底的塑料可包含但不限于透明聚碳酸酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚酰胺、丙烯酸、环烯烃、聚乙烯(PEN)、茂金属聚乙烯(mPE)、硅胶、氨基甲酸乙酯和各种聚合材料。衬底56还可以是各种形式的玻璃,包含但不限于碱石灰浮法玻璃、硼硅玻璃、硼铝硅酸盐玻璃或各种其它组合物。在使用玻璃衬底时,可将其进行退火、热强化、化学强化、部分回火或完全回火。电光设备18可由部分或全框架保持,视需要,所述框架可用于支撑和移动窗14。
衬底56以及一个或多个保护涂布可通过一种或多种交联材料粘附在一起。例如,交联材料可对应于以下材料中的至少一种:聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)、热固性EVA乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)和热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)。特定材料描述于本公开中并且可对应于示例性材料,其可用作粘附到衬底56a、56b和/或额外保护层中的一者或多者的高度交联材料。因此,本文所描述的特定示例被视为非限制性示例。
在一些实施例中,电光设备18可被配置成符合一个或多个标准。这种标准的一个示例可包含联邦机动车辆安全标准(Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards,FMVSS)的落球测试。在此测试中,在地球正常重力(即,大约9.8m/s2)下,窗14可能需要承受从9米高处下落的大约225克(8盎司)钢球的冲击。为了成功通过落球测试,窗14必须防止钢球穿透窗14。因此,电光设备可被配置成符合有关冲击强度的FMVSS测试的SAE Z26.1测试9和12以及类似测试。可用于电光设备18的结构的进一步论述和示例在标题为“并入有电光元件的天窗(SUNROOF INCORPORATING ELECTRO-OPTIC ELEMENT)”的第2017/0100991号美国专利公开案中予以论述,其公开内容以全文引用的方式并入本文中。
在一些实施例中,电光设备18可包括记忆化学成分,其被配置成当车辆10和***12不活动(例如未从车辆10的电源主动供应能量)时保持透射状态。即,电光设备18可实施为具有永久色彩记忆的电致变色装置,其被配置成在充电之后在透明期间的很长时间段里提供电流。此类装置的示例论述于标题为“电化学能存储装置(ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGYSTORAGE DEVICES)”的第9,964,828号美国专利中,其公开内容以全文引用的方式并入本文中。
在本文所论述的窗、挡风玻璃和/或天窗的各种实施例中,如本文所论述的电光设备18可被配置成至少通过衬底56a和56b改变光的透射率。电光设备18可对应于电致变色装置,所述电致变色装置被配置成响应于来自控制模块50中的一个或多个控制模块的所施加电压而改变本文所论述的天窗组件的透射率。可被配置成提供被配置成控制电光设备18的电极和硬件的控制电路和相关装置的示例大体上描述于共同让渡的标题为“可变透射窗***(VARIABLE TRANSMISSION WINDOW SYSTEM)”的第8,547,624号美国专利、标题为“具有色彩稳定性的电致变色介质(ELECTROCHROMIC MEDIUM HAVING A COLOR STABILITY)”的第6,407,847号美国专利、标题为“电致变色结构(ELECTROCHROMIC STRUCTURES)”的第6,239,898号美国专利、标题为“电致变色装置的电极设计(ELECTRODE DESIGN FORELECTROCHROMIC DEVICES)”的第6,597,489号美国专利以及标题为“并入有离散光伏装置的电光窗(ELECTRO-OPTIC WINDOW INCORPORATING A DISCRETE PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICE)”的第5,805,330号美国专利,其中每一者的全部公开内容以引用的方式并入本文中。可用于窗的电致变色装置的示例描述于标题为“色彩稳定电致变色装置(COLOR-STABILIZEDELECTROCHROMIC DEVICES)”的第6,433,914号美国专利、标题为“具有浓度增强稳定性的电致变色介质、其制备过程以及在电致变色装置中的使用(ELECTROCHROMIC MEDIA WITHCONCENTRATION-ENHANCED STABILITY,PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF AND USEIN ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICES)”的第6,137,620号美国专利、标题为“具有两个薄玻璃元件和胶化电致变色介质的电致变色镜(ELECTROCHROMIC MIRROR WITH TWO THIN GLASSELEMENTS AND A GELLED ELECTROCHROMIC MEDIUM)”的第5,940,201号美国专利以及标题为“车辆后视镜元件和并入有这些元件的组件(VEHICULAR REARVIEW MIRROR ELEMENTSAND ASSEMBLIES INCORPORATING THESE ELEMENTS)”的第7,372,611号美国专利,其中的每一者的全部公开内容以引用的方式并入本文中。可变透射窗和用于对其进行控制的***的其它示例公开于共同让渡的标题为“可变透射窗构造(VARIABLE TRANSMISSION WINDOWCONSTRUCTIONS)”的第7,085,609号美国专利以及标题为“用以互连、联接和控制可变透射窗和可变透射窗构造的***(SYSTEM TO INTERCONNECT,LINK,AND CONTROL VARIABLETRANSMISSION WINDOWS AND VARIABLE TRANSMISSION WINDOW CONSTRUCTIONS)”的第6,567,708号美国专利,其中的每一者以全文引用的方式并入本文中。在其它实施例中,所述电光装置可包括通过应用某种电学性质而改变透射率的悬浮颗粒装置、液晶或其它***。
现在参考图4,示出车辆10的客厢20的投影视图,其展示内部光传感器26的示例性操作。在各种实施例中,光传感器26可包括光检测器60,所述光检测器被配置成检测客厢20中的多个区域62中的每个区域中的光。区域62的数目可基于可由***12的控制器处理和生成的光强度图的所要分辨率或详细程度而改变,以标识每个区域62中的光照强度的变化。在一些实施例中,区域62可对应于车辆10中多个就座位置中的每一者。例如,所述区域可对应于客厢20的前驾驶员侧区域62a、前乘客侧区域62b、后驾驶员侧区域62c和后乘客侧区域62d。以此方式,***12的控制器可监测光检测器以标识每个区域62中的光和热负荷的变化。
尽管区域62被指定为对应于特定乘客就座位置,但所述区域在客厢20中的数目、位置和分布可变化。可由光检测器60标识的光区域62的数目和分布可被称为光检测器60的分辨率。还参考图5A、5B和5C论述光检测器60的特定方面和示例性实施例。因此,***12的控制器可被配置成接收车辆10中每个区域62中的光强度的指示并且生成客厢20中的区域62的光强度图。所述光强度图可由控制器用以控制通风或冷却水平以及***12的调光窗14或调光区16中的每一者的透射率。
现在参考图5A、5B和5C;示出光检测器60的示例性实施例。如先前论述,光检测器60可对应于内部光传感器26,并且可基于光检测区域62的所要分辨率和车辆10的客厢20的比例而在数目和位置方面变化。在一些实施例中,光检测器60可类似地实施为外部光传感器24并且被配置成监测光方向32,如先前参考图1所论述。因此,***12可在各种应用中灵活地实施。尽管本文论述了光检测器的特定方面,但在不脱离本公开的精神的情况下,可单独或组合地利用各种示例中的每一者的各方面。。
首先参考图5A,示出第一光检测器60a,其包括穿过透镜结构72形成的多个孔口70。透镜结构72可形成光学装置74的光接收部分(例如鱼眼型透镜)。所述多个孔口中的每一者可对应于穿过透镜结构72形成的开口或透光部分。孔口70可布置成使得区域62中的每一者在孔口与安置于第一光检测器60a中的至少一个传感器装置76之间对准。在此布置中,来自客厢20的每个区域62的光可照射透镜结构72的不同部分并且透射穿过孔口70。每个孔口70可将光传输到传感器装置76的不同部分。传感器装置76可将每个不同部分接收到的光强度指示传达到***12的控制器。基于光强度指示,***12可生成客厢20的光强度图,所述光强度图标识每个区域62中的光强度。
参考图5B,示出第二光检测器60b,其包括形成于透镜结构72中的多个孔口70。为了清楚起见,将参考类似标识符以标识每个光检测器60的类似元件。类似于第一光检测器60a,第二光检测器60b可包括光学装置74。因此,在一些实施例中,光学装置74可包括多个透光区域78,所述多个透光区域可与孔口70中的每一者对准。另外,光学装置74可包括多个不透明区域80,所述多个不透明区域可限定和分开透光区域78中的每一者。透光区域78可被配置成在多个内部方向79上从客厢20接收光,所述多个内部方向可与客厢20的每个区域62对准。在此配置中,透光区域78可接收与每个区域62对准的光,并使光通过光学装置74的主体82透射到传感器装置76的不同部分。在此配置中,传感器装置76可被配置成标识客厢20的每个区域62中的光的强度,使得***12的控制器可生成光强度图。
参考图5C,示出第三光检测器60c。第三光检测器60c可包括多个透镜结构72。每个透镜结构72可指向客厢20的不同部分。类似于第一光检测器60a和第二光检测器60b,每个透镜结构可包括传感器装置76,所述传感器装置被配置成标识由透镜结构72接收的可透射穿过主体82的光强度。每个透镜结构72可被配置成将光引导到单独的传感器装置76,并且可包括多个孔口70或透光区域78,如先前参考图5A和5C所论述。在此配置中,第三光检测器60c的每个透镜结构72可结合客厢20的不同部分进行指向,使得传感器装置76各自从一个或多个区域62接收光。每个区域62中的强度指示可被传达到控制器,使得***12可生成客厢20的光强度图,如本文所论述。
参考图5D,示出第四光检测器60d,其与调光窗14或调光区16中的一者形成一体式组件。第四光检测器通过包括孔口84的调光窗14的一部分向外指向。所述孔口可通过安置在第一衬底56a与第二衬底56b之间的掩模或玻璃熔块86层形成准直通路85。光检测器60d可包括与第二衬底56b的内表面连接的传感器装置76。在此配置中,光检测器60d可被配置成检测照射车辆10的外部的光30——或更具体地说,照射调光窗14或调光窗14的调光区16的光——的方向32和强度。
滤波器88(例如,蓝光滤波器或可见光带通滤波器)可定位在传感器装置76与第二衬底56b之间。滤波器88可被配置成以最小衰减传递透射穿过电光介质58的光的一个或多个带宽或色彩。传感器装置76可对应于象限传感器,所述象限传感器被配置成检测通过调光窗向外指向的四个区中的光。象限传感器可对应于硅光电检测器,所述硅光电检测器被配置成标识四个象限中的光,控制器可将所述四个象限归于照射车辆10的光30的方向32的变化。
现参考图1、2、5A、5B、5C和5D,光检测器60a-60d中的每一者可类似于通过调光窗14向外指向的第四光检测器60d来实施。另外,传感器中的一个或多个传感器可与外部面板、装饰部分或车辆10的任何其它部分结合。以此方式,光检测器60a-60d可定位在车辆上方以检测照射车辆外部的光30的方向32,和/或定位在车辆10的内部以检测车辆10的客厢20中的光的相对光强度或变化。另外,在一些实施例中,照射车辆10的不同部分的光比可由***12的控制器计算和监测以标识车辆的以下区域或部分中的任一者的变化:照射车辆10的外部的不同部分的光比;透射或投射到客厢20的每个区域62中的光比;和/或照射车辆外部的一个或多个部分或区域的光与车辆10的客厢中的一个或多个区域62中标识的光级的比。在此配置中,***12的控制器可被配置成标识照射车辆的光的强度图,并将外部光强度图与内部光强度图进行比较,以标识相对光照和/或从每个方向32到客厢中的透射率。
再次参考图5D,额外光传感器或参考光传感器89可定位于车辆10的外部表面上。在一些实施例中,***12的控制器可被配置成对标识车辆10外部的光的未受抑制参考值或参考信号进行标识以用于比较透射穿过调光窗14和/或调光区16的光。另外,***12的控制器可被配置成将参考信号与在客厢20的每个区域62中检测到的光的光强度图进行比较。参考光传感器89可对应于环境光传感器、定向光传感器和/或各种合适的光传感器,包含但不限于本文所论述的那些光传感器。在此配置中,***12的控制器可被配置成标识照射调光窗14和/或区16中的一者或多者的光的情况,并将在车辆10的外部部分上接收的光30与传输到车辆10的客厢20中的光进行比较。
每个传感器装置76可对应于光传感器、半导体电荷耦合装置(CCD)或互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)技术的像素传感器。传感器装置76可实施为包括多个光检测区或像素的单个装置以及多个传感器装置76,每个传感器装置被配置成标识一个或多个区域中的光强度。除了本文中论述的传感器装置之外,类似的传感器可用作替代方案或与本文中论述的光检测器60组合。例如,额外光传感器和传感设备可以是以下一个或多个:具有透镜的倾斜安装传感器、具有定向准直仪的传感器、无透镜的方向传感器等。另外,光检测器60可包括一个或多个滤波器(例如,蓝光滤波器或可见光带通滤波器),所述一个或多个滤波器被配置成检测透射穿过如本文所论述的调光窗14和/或区16的电光材料的光。
参考图6,示出控制***12,其展示控制器90与传感器22中的一个或多个传感器通信。传感器22可包括外部光传感器24、内部光传感器26和/或占用传感器28。如先前所论述,外部光传感器可对应于环境光传感器24a、定向光传感器24b和/或多个光传感器和/或成像器中的一者或多者。内部光传感器26可对应于定向光传感器26a或定向成像器和/或多个光传感器26b或成像器,所述光传感器或成像器可分布在车辆10的客厢20内。占用传感器28可对应于成像器,类似于和/或通常通过内部光传感器26、重量传感器和/或可用于检测车辆10的客厢20内的占用情况的各种额外传感器来实施。在一些实施例中,控制器90可另外与用户接口92通信,所述用户接口可安置于车辆10的客厢20中。用户接口92可提供如本文所论述的调光窗14和/或调光区16的手动控制。
控制器90可包含处理器94,所述处理器可包括被配置成处理从传感器24-28接收的数据的一个或多个电路。处理器94可与存储器96通信,所述存储器可被配置成存储各种指令和例程,所述指令和例程被配置成控制与控制器90通信的一个或多个窗控制模块50。在各种实施例中,控制器90可通过通信总线100与车辆控制模块98通信。通信总线100可被配置成将信号递送到控制器90,从而标识车辆10的各种状态。例如,通信总线100可被配置成传达车辆的操作情况(例如点火激活、档位选择、占用检测、前灯操作等)或可由通信总线100传达的任何其它信息或控制信号。因此,控制***12可提供灵活解决方案来控制调光窗14和/或调光区16以改善车辆10的乘员的光照和舒适度。
应理解,任何所描述的过程或所描述过程内的步骤可与公开的其它过程或步骤组合以形成属于本发明装置的范围内的结构。本文所公开的示例性结构和过程用于说明性目的,而不应理解为具有限制性。
还应当理解,在不脱离本发明装置的概念的情况下,可对上述结构和方法做出变化和修改,还应当理解,这样的概念旨在由所附权利要求书涵盖,除非这些权利要求的措辞明确说明不是这样。
上面的描述仅被视作所示实施例的描述。所属领域的技术人员以及制作或使用所述装置的技术人员可对所述装置作出修改。因此,应理解,在图中示出且在上文描述的实施例仅用作说明的目的,并不旨在限制所述装置的范围,其范围由根据专利法的原则(包含等同原则)来解释的所附权利要求书限定。
Claims (20)
1.一种车辆内部光强度标测***,包括:
至少一个光检测器,其被配置成标识分布在所述车辆中的多个区域中的光的强度,其中所述至少一个光检测器包括:
光学装置,其包括被配置成从多个方向接收分布在车辆的客厢中的光的至少;以及
至少一个传感器至少一个孔口,其被配置成从所述多个方向接收所述光;以及
控制器,其与所述至少一个传感器通信,其中所述控制器被配置成:
标识所述车辆的多个区域中的每个区域中的所述光的所述强度;以及
生成所述客厢的光强度图,所述光强度图包括所述多个区域中的光强度变化的指示。
2.根据权利要求1所述的***,其中所述至少一个孔口包括多个孔口。
3.根据权利要求2所述的***,其中所述区域中的每个区域标识通过所述光学装置的所述多个孔口中的每个孔口接收的所述光的不同方向。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的***,其中所述光学装置包括从所述多个孔口延伸到所述至少一个传感器的多个透光区域。
5.根据权利要求4所述的***,其中所述至少一个传感器包括多个光检测区,所述多个光检测区被配置成独立地检测来自所述透光区域中的每个透光区域的光级。
6.根据权利要求5所述的***,其中所述多个光检测区包括被配置成检测所述光级的至少一个像素。
7.根据权利要求4所述的***,其中所述透光区域包括由多个不透明区域分开的多个透光部分。
8.根据权利要求7所述的***,其中所述透光部分被配置成从所述多个区域中的每个区域接收光。
9.根据权利要求7所述的***,其中所述控制器被配置成响应于从所述至少一个光传感器接收到对应于所述透光部分中的每个透光部分的光级而标识所述多个区域中的每个区域的所述光强度。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的***,其中所述多个区域中的每个区域包括用于所述车辆的所述客厢中的每个乘客空间的区域。
11.根据权利要求10所述的***,其中所述乘客空间包括驾驶员侧前区域、乘客侧前区域、驾驶员侧后区域和乘客侧后区域。
12.一种用于控制车辆内部光强度标测***的方法,所述方法包括:
标识从多个方向照射车辆的至少一部分的光;
确定所述光在所述多个方向中的每个方向上的强度;
基于所述光在所述多个方向中的每个方向上的所述强度,确定照射所述车辆的多个透光面板的所述光的面板特定光强度;
响应于所述面板特定光强度而控制所述透光面板的透射率。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中控制所述透射率包括独立地控制所述多个透光面板中的每个透光面板的多个调光区中的每个调光区的透射率。
14.根据权利要求12至13中任一项所述的方法,其中确定所述多个方向中的每个方向上的所述光的所述强度包括通过光传感器的多个孔口接收光,其中所述孔口中的每个孔口被配置成标识所述多个方向中的相应方向上的光。
15.根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
基于所述车辆的前进方向来估计太阳相对于所述车辆的方向;以及
部分地基于太阳的所述方向,确定照射所述车辆的所述多个透光面板的所述光的所述强度。
16.根据权利要求12至15中任一项所述的方法,其中所述确定所述面板特定光强度包括生成所述车辆的客厢的光强度图。
17.根据权利要求12至16中任一项所述的方法,还包括:
检测所述车辆中的乘客的位置;以及
标识所述光从中穿过而到达所述位置的所述透光面板。
18.根据权利要求17所述的方法,还包括:
控制第一组所述透光面板的所述透射率,从而控制照射所述位置的所述光。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法,还包括:
与所述第一组同时,独立地控制第二组所述透光面板的所述透射率。
20.一种车辆内部光强度标测***,包括:
至少一个光检测器,其被配置成标识分布在所述车辆中的多个区域中的光的强度,其中所述至少一个光检测器包括:
光学装置,其包括被配置成从多个方向接收分布在车辆的客厢中的光的至少一个孔口;以及
至少一个传感器,其被配置成从所述多个方向接收所述光,其中所述至少一个传感器包括多个光检测区,所述多个光检测区被配置成独立地检测来自所述孔口中的每个孔口的光级;以及
控制器,其与所述至少一个传感器通信,其中所述控制器被配置成标识所述车辆的多个区域中的每个区域中的所述光的所述强度,其中所述区域中的每个区域对应于通过所述光学装置的所述多个孔口中的每个孔口接收的所述光的不同方向。
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PCT/IB2019/055849 WO2020012362A1 (en) | 2018-07-10 | 2019-07-09 | Light mapping system for vehicle passenger compartment |
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