CN112350611B - Bionic underwater electrochemical driver - Google Patents
Bionic underwater electrochemical driver Download PDFInfo
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- CN112350611B CN112350611B CN202011232948.1A CN202011232948A CN112350611B CN 112350611 B CN112350611 B CN 112350611B CN 202011232948 A CN202011232948 A CN 202011232948A CN 112350611 B CN112350611 B CN 112350611B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/0005—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing non-specific motion; Details common to machines covered by H02N2/02 - H02N2/16
- H02N2/001—Driving devices, e.g. vibrators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/0005—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing non-specific motion; Details common to machines covered by H02N2/02 - H02N2/16
- H02N2/001—Driving devices, e.g. vibrators
- H02N2/0015—Driving devices, e.g. vibrators using only bending modes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/22—Methods relating to manufacturing, e.g. assembling, calibration
Abstract
The invention discloses a bionic underwater electrochemical driver and a preparation method thereof, wherein the underwater electrochemical driver is a double-layer heterogeneous cantilever beam structure and comprises a flexible substrate and a driving material growing on the substrate; in the preparation process, the reaction temperature, the reaction time and the gas environment of the hydrothermal synthesis method are controlled, so that the driving materials with different thicknesses grow on the flexible substrate. The underwater electrochemical driver overcomes the defects of high working voltage, large noise and poor environmental adaptability of the traditional driver; an optimal underwater drive is designed by simulating the vital signs and swimming postures of the small flying octopus. The driver provided by the invention has the advantages of low working voltage, strong carrying driving capability, good corrosion resistance, simple process and low cost, and can promote the application of the bionic electrochemical driver in the fields of underwater traps, underwater micro valves, underwater robots and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical drive, in particular to a bionic underwater electrochemical driver and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the increasingly deep exploration of high-risk complex water areas, the defects of heavy weight, high driving voltage, poor environmental adaptability, high noise, easy disturbance of underwater organisms and the like of the traditional underwater driver make it difficult to meet increasingly diversified driving requirements. Thus, it is becoming imperative to discover a flexible drive that can operate underwater. Through long species evolution, underwater organisms have evolved unique vital structures and motile states, which make them have an outstanding survival advantage underwater. The soft body and the strong environment adaptability of underwater organisms provide a new idea for designing an underwater driver. By researching and simulating underwater creatures, the underwater drive with no noise, no cable, independent drive, miniaturization and high maneuverability is expected to be realized. The small flying octopus found by us researchers in recent years is an octopus (6 km below sea level) known to exist in the deepest sea area on earth. Unlike other octopus, it does not achieve propulsion by jetting, but instead relies on the gentle flapping of the body's fins as small as the ears. The low-frequency and high-efficiency driving mode just accords with the idea of designing the underwater driver with low energy consumption and no noise.
Compared with traditional driving modes such as electromagnetic driving, piezoelectric driving, electrothermal driving and the like, the electrochemical driving technology which is widely concerned by researchers at home and abroad in recent years has the characteristics of low driving voltage, strong corrosion resistance, suitability for operation in an extreme underwater environment and the like. The electrochemical actuator converts electrical energy into mechanical energy by generating a chemical reaction. However, there are few reports of electrochemical drives that can be used in underwater operations.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bionic underwater electrochemical driver and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problem that the noise-free low-voltage underwater driving mode is deficient in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a bionic underwater electrochemical driver is designed by simulating small flying octopus and comprises a flexible substrate and a driving material growing on the flexible substrate; the thickness ratio of the driving material to the flexible substrate satisfies (0.5-1.0): 1; the underwater electrochemical driver can convert electric energy into mechanical energy through chemical reaction; when the electrochemical driver works as a negative electrode, cations in the water environment can be embedded into the driving material and cause the driving material to generate volume expansion, the flexible substrate cannot generate the volume expansion caused by the ion embedding, and the competition and the interaction between the cations and the flexible substrate can cause the double-layer electrochemical driver to bend towards one side of the driving material, so that the driving effect is realized.
Further, the driving voltage of the underwater electrochemical driver can be as low as 0.3V; the flexible substrate is an aluminum foil, a silver foil, a gold foil or a tungsten foil with the thickness of 5-10 mu m.
Further, the driving material is formed by mixed growth of any one or more of transition metal sulfides.
The invention also provides bionic waterThe preparation method of the lower electrochemical driver comprises the following steps of cold-pressing and rolling the lower electrochemical driver for multiple times by using a metal foil calender to obtain a flexible substrate meeting the thickness design requirement; then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and vacuum drying on the mixture; then cutting the film into a square foil used as a substrate for supporting the growth of a driving material; aligning four edges of two same metal foils, and performing edge sealing treatment on the two same metal foils by using silver paste; then, the four sides of the double-layer metal foil are bonded by silver paste to be fixed on a glass mold; then the whole is placed in a vacuum blast drying oven to be dried, so that the solidification of the silver paste is accelerated, and the bonding effect is enhanced; then taking out the mixture, repeatedly cleaning the mixture by using absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and wiping the mixture by using a dust-free cloth for later use; then weighing a preset amount of transition metal sulfide nano powder according to the thickness ratio of the driving material to the flexible substrate, and placing the transition metal sulfide nano powder into a mortar for grinding; measuring a preset amount of deionized water and mixing with the ground transition metal sulfide powder; treating the mixed solution in an ultrasonic water bath environment at 50 ℃ and 20000Hz to uniformly disperse the transition metal sulfide powder in the mixed solution; then, horizontally placing the prepared metal foil and the bonded glass mold in a polytetrafluoroethylene inner container of a hydrothermal reaction kettle; pouring the mixed solution after ultrasonic treatment; fastening the reaction kettle, pumping the air pressure in the kettle to 2 x 10-1mbar, introducing argon, nitrogen or oxygen, and then placing the reaction kettle in a high-temperature oven at the temperature of 160-200 ℃ for reaction for 90-150 min; controlling the thickness of the growth of the driving material on the flexible substrate by regulating and controlling the reaction time; taking out the reaction kettle after the reaction time is over, and naturally cooling the reaction kettle at room temperature; then opening the reaction kettle and taking out the reaction material in the inner container; cutting the prepared film along the edge of the silver paste by using a scalpel, and placing the film in a vacuum blast oven for drying; then repeatedly cleaning the mixture by using absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and then naturally drying the mixture at room temperature; thereby obtaining the required underwater electrochemical drive. And then the electrode is used as a working electrode to form a three-electrode system together with a platinum sheet electrode and a saturated calomel electrode, and the test is carried out in the environment of 0.5mol of concentrated sulfuric acid.
Further, in the preparation method, the width of silver paste coating in the edge sealing and bonding processes by using silver paste is 1 mm.
Furthermore, the drying temperature in the vacuum forced air drying oven at two places in the preparation method is 100 ℃, and the drying time is 5 min.
Further, in the preparation method, a metal foil calender is used for cold-pressing and rolling for multiple times to obtain a flexible substrate meeting the thickness design requirement; it was then ultrasonically cleaned and vacuum dried for 24 h.
Further, the preparation method comprises treating the mixed solution in 50 deg.C ultrasound water bath environment at 20000Hz for 0.5 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the driving voltage is lower, no noise exists, the deformation capability is stronger, the corrosion resistance is better, and the carrying driving capability is stronger; the method has wide application prospect in the fields of underwater capturers, underwater micro valves, underwater robots and the like;
(2) the underwater electrochemical driver is simple in preparation process, high in product stability and durability and low in cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a bionic underwater electrochemical actuator designed to mimic the fins of a small flying octopus;
FIG. 2 is an example diagram of no-load driving of the underwater electrochemical driver at a driving voltage of 0.3V;
FIG. 3 is a deformation capacity and a response rate of the underwater electrochemical driver under a driving voltage of 0.3V;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of an example of the load driving of the underwater electrochemical driver under a driving voltage of 0.3V (the load is 20 times of the self weight of the driver);
FIG. 5 is an example diagram of no-load driving of the underwater electrochemical driver at a driving voltage of 0.3V (the load is 50 times of the self weight of the driver);
FIG. 6 is an example diagram of no-load driving of the underwater electrochemical driver under a driving voltage of 0.3V (the load is 100 times of the self weight of the driver);
fig. 7 is a diagram of an idle driving example of the underwater electrochemical driver under the driving voltage of 0.3V (the load is 250 times of the self weight of the driver).
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, wherein the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention without limiting the invention thereto.
Example 1:
a double-layer heterogeneous cantilever type underwater electrochemical actuator is designed by simulating a fin of a small flying octopus (figure 1); cold-pressing and rolling the aluminum foil with the thickness of 10 mu m by a metal foil calender for four times to be used as a flexible substrate; then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and vacuum drying on the mixture for 24 hours; then cutting the substrate into a square of 3cm multiplied by 3cm to be used as a substrate for supporting the growth of a driving material; aligning four edges of two pieces of aluminum foils with the thickness of 3cm multiplied by 3cm, and sealing the edges by using silver paste; then, bonding four sides of the double-layer aluminum foil by using silver paste to fix the aluminum foil on a glass mold, wherein the width of silver paste coating in the edge sealing and bonding processes is 1 mm; then the whole is placed in a vacuum blast drying oven at 100 ℃ to be dried for 5min to accelerate the solidification of the silver paste and enhance the bonding effect; then taking out the mixture, repeatedly cleaning the mixture twice by using absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and wiping the mixture by using a dust-free cloth for later use; then weighing 60mg of molybdenum disulfide nano powder, placing the molybdenum disulfide nano powder in a mortar, and grinding for 0.5 h; weighing 10ml of deionized water and mixing with the ground molybdenum disulfide powder; treating the mixed solution for 0.5h in an ultrasonic water bath environment at 50 ℃ and 20000Hz, so that the molybdenum disulfide powder is uniformly dispersed in the mixed solution; then, flatly placing the prepared aluminum foil and the bonded glass mold in a polytetrafluoroethylene inner container of a hydrothermal reaction kettle; pouring the mixed solution after ultrasonic treatment; fastening the reaction kettle, pumping the air pressure in the kettle to 2 x 10-1mbar, introducing oxygen, and then placing the reaction kettle in a high-temperature oven at the temperature of 200 ℃ for reacting for 90 min; taking out the reaction kettle after the reaction time is over, and naturally cooling for 8 hours at room temperature; then opening the reaction kettle and taking out the reaction material in the inner container; cutting the prepared film along the edge of the silver paste by using a scalpel, and drying the film in a vacuum oven at 100 ℃ for 5 min; then repeatedly cleaning twice with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and naturally drying for 4h at room temperature; thereby obtaining the needed molybdenum disulfide underwater electrochemical driver. Then the electrode is taken as a working electrode to form a three-electrode system together with a platinum sheet electrode and a saturated calomel electrodeThe test is carried out in an environment of 0.5mol of concentrated sulfuric acid.
As can be seen from the no-load driving example diagram in fig. 2, the underwater electrochemical driver has strong deformability under the action of 0.3V driving voltage, and the driver structure is stable after deformation; this demonstrates the excellent underwater driving performance of the electrochemical actuator.
Example 2:
a metal foil calender is utilized to cold-press and roll a tungsten foil with the thickness of 7 mu m for seven times to be used as a flexible substrate; then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and vacuum drying on the mixture for 24 hours; then cutting the substrate into a square of 3cm multiplied by 3cm to be used as a substrate for supporting the growth of a driving material; aligning four sides of two 3cm multiplied by 3cm tungsten foils, and performing edge sealing treatment on the tungsten foils by using silver paste; then, bonding four sides of the double-layer tungsten foil by using silver paste to fix the tungsten foil on a glass mold, wherein the width of silver paste coating in the edge sealing and bonding processes is 1 mm; then the whole is placed in a vacuum blast drying oven at 100 ℃ to be dried for 5min to accelerate the solidification of the silver paste and enhance the bonding effect; then taking out the mixture, repeatedly cleaning the mixture twice by using absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and wiping the mixture by using a dust-free cloth for later use; then weighing 60mg of tungsten disulfide nano powder, and placing the tungsten disulfide nano powder in a mortar for grinding for 0.5 h; weighing 10ml of deionized water and mixing with the ground tungsten disulfide powder; treating the mixed solution in an ultrasonic water bath environment at 50 ℃ and 20000Hz for 0.5h, so that the tungsten disulfide powder is uniformly dispersed in the mixed solution; then, horizontally placing the prepared tungsten foil and the bonded glass mold in a polytetrafluoroethylene inner container of a hydrothermal reaction kettle; pouring the mixed solution after ultrasonic treatment; fastening the reaction kettle, pumping the air pressure in the kettle to 2 x 10-1mbar, introducing argon, and then placing the reaction kettle in a high-temperature oven at the temperature of 160 ℃ for reaction for 120 min; taking out the reaction kettle after the reaction time is over, and naturally cooling for 8 hours at room temperature; then opening the reaction kettle and taking out the reaction material in the inner container; cutting the prepared film along the edge of the silver paste by using a scalpel, and drying the film in a vacuum oven at 100 ℃ for 5 min; then repeatedly cleaning twice with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and naturally drying for 4h at room temperature; thereby obtaining the required tungsten disulfide underwater electrochemical driver. Subsequently using it as working electrodeThe platinum sheet electrode and the saturated calomel electrode form a three-electrode system together, and the test is carried out in a 0.5mol concentrated sulfuric acid environment.
As can be seen from the no-load driving example graph in fig. 3, the underwater electrochemical driver of the present invention can achieve a significant driving effect within 11.2s under the action of a driving voltage of 0.3V; therefore, the excellent deformability and response rate of the underwater electrochemical driver can be proved.
Example 3:
cold-pressing and rolling the silver foil with the thickness of 5 mu m for ten times by using a metal foil calender to be used as a flexible substrate; then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and vacuum drying on the mixture for 24 hours; then cutting the substrate into a square of 3cm multiplied by 3cm to be used as a substrate for supporting the growth of a driving material; aligning four sides of two silver foils with the thickness of 3cm multiplied by 3cm, and sealing the edges of the two silver foils by using silver paste; then, bonding four sides of the double-layer silver foil by using silver paste so as to fix the double-layer silver foil on a glass mold, wherein the width of silver paste coating in the edge sealing and bonding processes is 1 mm; then the whole is placed in a vacuum blast drying oven at 100 ℃ to be dried for 5min to accelerate the solidification of the silver paste and enhance the bonding effect; then taking out the mixture, repeatedly cleaning the mixture twice by using absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and wiping the mixture by using a dust-free cloth for later use; then weighing 30mg of molybdenum disulfide nano powder and 30mg of tungsten disulfide nano powder, and placing the molybdenum disulfide nano powder and the tungsten disulfide nano powder in a mortar for grinding for 0.5 h; weighing 10ml of deionized water and mixing with the ground powder; treating the mixed solution in an ultrasonic water bath environment at 50 ℃ and 20000Hz for 0.5h, so that the powder is uniformly dispersed in the mixed solution; then, horizontally placing the prepared silver foil and the bonded glass mold in a polytetrafluoroethylene inner container of a hydrothermal reaction kettle; pouring the mixed solution after ultrasonic treatment; fastening the reaction kettle, pumping the air pressure in the kettle to 2 x 10-1mbar, introducing nitrogen, and then placing the reaction kettle in a high-temperature oven at the temperature of 180 ℃ for reacting for 90 min; taking out the reaction kettle after the reaction time is over, and naturally cooling for 8 hours at room temperature; then opening the reaction kettle and taking out the reaction material in the inner container; cutting the prepared film along the edge of the silver paste by using a scalpel, and drying the film in a vacuum oven at 100 ℃ for 5 min; then repeatedly cleaning twice with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and naturally drying for 4h at room temperature;thereby obtaining the required underwater electrochemical drive. And then the electrode is used as a working electrode to form a three-electrode system together with a platinum sheet electrode and a saturated calomel electrode, and the test is carried out in the environment of 0.5mol of concentrated sulfuric acid.
As can be seen from the example graph of the load driving in fig. 4, the underwater electrochemical driver of the present invention can drive a stainless steel weight 20 times of its own weight under the action of a driving voltage of 0.3V.
Example 4:
cold-pressing and rolling the gold foil with the thickness of 7 mu m by a metal foil calender for seven times to be used as a flexible substrate; then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and vacuum drying on the mixture for 24 hours; then cutting the substrate into a square of 3cm multiplied by 3cm to be used as a substrate for supporting the growth of a driving material; aligning four sides of two pieces of gold foil with the thickness of 3cm multiplied by 3cm, and sealing the edges of the two pieces of gold foil by using silver paste; then, bonding four sides of the double-layer gold foil by using silver paste to fix the four sides on a glass mold, wherein the width of silver paste coating in the edge sealing and bonding processes is 1 mm; then the whole is placed in a vacuum blast drying oven at 100 ℃ to be dried for 5min to accelerate the solidification of the silver paste and enhance the bonding effect; then taking out the mixture, repeatedly cleaning the mixture twice by using absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and wiping the mixture by using a dust-free cloth for later use; then weighing 40mg of molybdenum disulfide nano powder and 20mg of tungsten disulfide nano powder, and placing the molybdenum disulfide nano powder and the tungsten disulfide nano powder in a mortar for grinding for 0.5 h; weighing 10ml of deionized water and mixing with the ground powder; treating the mixed solution in an ultrasonic water bath environment at 50 ℃ and 20000Hz for 0.5h, so that the powder is uniformly dispersed in the mixed solution; then, horizontally placing the prepared gold foil and the bonded glass mold in a polytetrafluoroethylene inner container of a hydrothermal reaction kettle; pouring the mixed solution after ultrasonic treatment; fastening the reaction kettle, pumping the air pressure in the kettle to 2 x 10-1mbar, introducing argon, and then placing the reaction kettle in a high-temperature oven at the temperature of 180 ℃ for reaction for 110 min; taking out the reaction kettle after the reaction time is over, and naturally cooling for 8 hours at room temperature; then opening the reaction kettle and taking out the reaction material in the inner container; cutting the prepared film along the edge of the silver paste by using a scalpel, and drying the film in a vacuum oven at 100 ℃ for 5 min; then repeatedly cleaning twice with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and naturally drying for 4h at room temperature;thereby obtaining the required underwater electrochemical drive. And then the electrode is used as a working electrode to form a three-electrode system together with a platinum sheet electrode and a saturated calomel electrode, and the test is carried out in the environment of 0.5mol of concentrated sulfuric acid.
As can be seen from the example graph of the load driving in fig. 5, the underwater electrochemical driver of the present invention can drive a stainless steel weight 50 times of its own weight under the action of a driving voltage of 0.3V.
Example 5:
a metal foil calender is utilized to cold-press and roll a tungsten foil with the thickness of 7 mu m for seven times to be used as a flexible substrate; then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and vacuum drying on the mixture for 24 hours; then cutting the substrate into a square of 3cm multiplied by 3cm to be used as a substrate for supporting the growth of a driving material; aligning four sides of two 3cm multiplied by 3cm tungsten foils, and performing edge sealing treatment on the tungsten foils by using silver paste; then, bonding four sides of the double-layer tungsten foil by using silver paste to fix the tungsten foil on a glass mold, wherein the width of silver paste coating in the edge sealing and bonding processes is 1 mm; then the whole is placed in a vacuum blast drying oven at 100 ℃ to be dried for 5min to accelerate the solidification of the silver paste and enhance the bonding effect; then taking out the mixture, repeatedly cleaning the mixture twice by using absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and wiping the mixture by using a dust-free cloth for later use; then weighing 20mg of molybdenum disulfide nano powder and 40mg of tungsten disulfide nano powder, and placing the molybdenum disulfide nano powder and the tungsten disulfide nano powder in a mortar for grinding for 0.5 h; weighing 10ml of deionized water and mixing with the ground powder; treating the mixed solution in an ultrasonic water bath environment at 50 ℃ and 20000Hz for 0.5h, so that the powder is uniformly dispersed in the mixed solution; then, horizontally placing the prepared tungsten foil and the bonded glass mold in a polytetrafluoroethylene inner container of a hydrothermal reaction kettle; pouring the mixed solution after ultrasonic treatment; fastening the reaction kettle, pumping the air pressure in the kettle to 2 x 10-1mbar, introducing nitrogen, and then placing the reaction kettle in a high-temperature oven at the temperature of 200 ℃ for reaction for 120 min; taking out the reaction kettle after the reaction time is over, and naturally cooling for 8 hours at room temperature; then opening the reaction kettle and taking out the reaction material in the inner container; cutting the prepared film along the edge of the silver paste by using a scalpel, and drying the film in a vacuum oven at 100 ℃ for 5 min; then repeatedly cleaning twice with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and naturally drying for 4h at room temperature;thereby obtaining the required underwater electrochemical drive. And then the electrode is used as a working electrode to form a three-electrode system together with a platinum sheet electrode and a saturated calomel electrode, and the test is carried out in the environment of 0.5mol of concentrated sulfuric acid.
As can be seen from the example graph of the load driving in FIG. 6, the underwater electrochemical driver of the present invention can drive the stainless steel weight 100 times of its own weight under the action of the driving voltage of 0.3V.
Example 6:
carrying out cold pressing and rolling for nine times by using a metal foil calender to obtain an aluminum foil with the thickness of 6 mu m serving as a flexible substrate; then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and vacuum drying on the mixture for 24 hours; then cutting the substrate into a square of 3cm multiplied by 3cm to be used as a substrate for supporting the growth of a driving material; aligning four edges of two pieces of aluminum foils with the thickness of 3cm multiplied by 3cm, and sealing the edges by using silver paste; then, bonding four sides of the double-layer metal foil by using silver paste to enable the four sides to be fixed on a glass mold, wherein the width of silver paste coating in the edge sealing and bonding processes is 1 mm; then the whole is placed in a vacuum blast drying oven at 100 ℃ to be dried for 5min to accelerate the solidification of the silver paste and enhance the bonding effect; then taking out the mixture, repeatedly cleaning the mixture twice by using absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and wiping the mixture by using a dust-free cloth for later use; then weighing 60mg of tungsten disulfide nano powder, and placing the tungsten disulfide nano powder in a mortar for grinding for 0.5 h; weighing 10ml of deionized water and mixing with the ground tungsten disulfide powder; treating the mixed solution in an ultrasonic water bath environment at 50 ℃ and 20000Hz for 0.5h, so that the tungsten disulfide powder is uniformly dispersed in the mixed solution; then, horizontally placing the prepared tungsten foil and the bonded glass mold in a polytetrafluoroethylene inner container of a hydrothermal reaction kettle; pouring the mixed solution after ultrasonic treatment; fastening the reaction kettle, pumping the air pressure in the kettle to 2 x 10-1mbar, introducing argon, and then placing the reaction kettle in a high-temperature oven at the temperature of 200 ℃ for reaction for 150 min; taking out the reaction kettle after the reaction time is over, and naturally cooling for 8 hours at room temperature; then opening the reaction kettle and taking out the reaction material in the inner container; cutting the prepared film along the edge of the silver paste by using a scalpel, and drying the film in a vacuum oven at 100 ℃ for 5 min; then repeatedly cleaning twice with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and naturally drying for 4h at room temperature; thereby to obtainAnd obtaining the required tungsten disulfide underwater electrochemical driver. And then the electrode is used as a working electrode to form a three-electrode system together with a platinum sheet electrode and a saturated calomel electrode, and the test is carried out in the environment of 0.5mol of concentrated sulfuric acid.
As can be seen from the example graph of the load driving in fig. 7, the underwater electrochemical driver of the present invention can drive a stainless steel weight 250 times of its own weight under the action of a 0.3V driving voltage; therefore, the excellent carrying driving capability of the underwater electrochemical driver can be proved.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the claims. Any changes or substitutions that may be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A bionic underwater electrochemical driver is characterized by being of a double-layer heterogeneous cantilever structure and comprising a flexible substrate and a driving material growing on the flexible substrate; the thickness ratio of the driving material to the flexible substrate satisfies (0.5-1.0): 1; the underwater electrochemical driver can convert electric energy into mechanical energy through chemical reaction; when the electrochemical driver works as a cathode, cations in a water environment can be embedded into the driving material and cause volume expansion, the flexible substrate cannot cause volume expansion caused by ion embedding, and the competition and interaction between the cations and the flexible substrate can cause the double-layer electrochemical driver to bend towards one side of the driving material, so that a driving effect is realized, and the driving voltage is reduced to 0.3V;
according to the preparation method of the bionic underwater electrochemical driver, a metal foil calender is used for cold-pressing and rolling for multiple times to obtain a flexible substrate meeting the thickness design requirement; then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and vacuum drying on the mixture; then cutting the film into a square foil used as a substrate for supporting the growth of a driving material; aligning four edges of two same metal foils, and performing edge sealing treatment on the two same metal foils by using silver paste; then adhered by silver pasteThe four sides of the double-layer metal foil are fixed on the glass mould; then the whole is placed in a vacuum blast drying oven to be dried, so that the solidification of the silver paste is accelerated, and the bonding effect is enhanced; then taking out the mixture, repeatedly cleaning the mixture by using absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and wiping the mixture by using a dust-free cloth for later use; then weighing a preset amount of transition metal sulfide nano powder according to the thickness ratio of the driving material to the flexible substrate, and placing the transition metal sulfide nano powder into a mortar for grinding; measuring a preset amount of deionized water and mixing with the ground transition metal sulfide powder; treating the mixed solution in an ultrasonic water bath environment at 50 ℃ and 20000Hz to uniformly disperse the transition metal sulfide powder in the mixed solution; then, horizontally placing the prepared metal foil and the bonded glass mold in a polytetrafluoroethylene inner container of a hydrothermal reaction kettle; pouring the mixed solution after ultrasonic treatment; fastening the reaction kettle, pumping the air pressure in the kettle to 2 x 10- 1mbar, introducing argon, nitrogen or oxygen, and then placing the reaction kettle in a high-temperature oven at the temperature of 160-200 ℃ for reaction for 90-150 min; controlling the thickness of the growth of the driving material on the flexible substrate by regulating and controlling the reaction time; taking out the reaction kettle after the reaction time is over, and naturally cooling the reaction kettle at room temperature; then opening the reaction kettle and taking out the reaction material in the inner container; cutting the prepared film along the edge of the silver paste by using a scalpel, and placing the film in a vacuum blast oven for drying; then repeatedly cleaning the mixture by using absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and then naturally drying the mixture at room temperature; thus obtaining the needed underwater electrochemical driver, and then taking the underwater electrochemical driver as a working electrode to form a three-electrode system together with a platinum sheet electrode and a saturated calomel electrode, and testing the system in a 0.5mol concentrated sulfuric acid environment.
2. The bionic underwater electrochemical actuator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flexible substrate is an aluminum foil, a silver foil, a gold foil or a tungsten foil with a thickness of 5-10 μm.
3. A biomimetic underwater electrochemical actuator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the actuating material is grown from a mixture of any one or more of transition metal sulfides.
4. The biomimetic underwater electrochemical actuator of claim 1, wherein the width of silver paste coating during edge sealing and bonding with silver paste is 1 mm.
5. The bionic underwater electrochemical driver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature for drying in the two vacuum blowing drying boxes is 100 ℃ and the time is 5 min.
6. The bionic underwater electrochemical actuator as claimed in claim 1, wherein a metal foil calender is used to cold-roll the flexible substrate for multiple times to meet the thickness design requirement; it was then ultrasonically cleaned and vacuum dried for 24 h.
7. The bionic underwater electrochemical driver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixed solution is processed in an ultrasonic water bath environment at 50 ℃ and 20000Hz for 0.5 h.
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| CN108060411A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-05-22 | 中山大学 | A kind of method that one-step method prepares the metal sulfide electrode material of efficient water decomposition |
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