CN112345243B - Rolling bearing ultralow-temperature working condition environment simulation device - Google Patents
Rolling bearing ultralow-temperature working condition environment simulation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112345243B CN112345243B CN202011153496.8A CN202011153496A CN112345243B CN 112345243 B CN112345243 B CN 112345243B CN 202011153496 A CN202011153496 A CN 202011153496A CN 112345243 B CN112345243 B CN 112345243B
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Abstract
A rolling bearing ultra-low temperature working condition environment simulation device comprises a low temperature cavity shell, a main shaft shell, a combined sealing structure and a low temperature cavity sealing end cover, wherein the low temperature cavity of the rolling bearing ultra-low temperature working condition environment simulation device is closed; the load applying assembly and the test bearing in the cavity divide the cavity of the low-temperature cavity into an inner cavity and an outer cavity to form the low-temperature cavity with a double-layer structure. The inner hole of the test loading rod is a flow channel of a low-temperature medium. The low-temperature medium enters the loading rod and flows into the inner cavity of the low-temperature cavity, then directly flows to the test bearing through the flow guide head, and flows into the outer cavity of the low-temperature cavity to completely immerse the test bearing, so that the ultralow-temperature environment is simulated. The low-temperature cavity combined sealing structure is combined and sealed by three forms of blade sealing wheel sealing, labyrinth sealing and sealing ring sealing. The invention enables the test bearing to be completely immersed in the low-temperature medium, improves the cooling effect of the test bearing, reduces the consumption of the low-temperature medium and saves the test cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of life tests of rolling bearings, and particularly relates to an ultra-low temperature working condition environment device for a rolling bearing.
Background
Along with the rapid increase of the requirements of human beings on heavy carrier rockets, the requirements of the rotating speed and the bearing of ultra-low temperature rolling bearings applied to rocket engines are higher and higher, and the service life and the reliability index are more rigorous. Furthermore, reusable rockets place higher demands on the life of this type of bearing. In view of the importance of the service life of the ultralow-temperature bearing to the performance of the rocket engine and the new requirements of the repeatable rocket engine to the service life of the bearing, research on a service life testing device and a testing method of the ultralow-temperature rolling bearing capable of operating for a long time is urgently needed.
The invention with the publication number of CN201920389157.6 discloses a testing device for fatigue life of ultralow-temperature high DN value bearing. The device comprises a device shell, the device shell is connected with an axial flexible loading device and a radial flexible loading device, the axial flexible loading device and the radial flexible loading device are respectively connected with a test rotor, the test rotor comprises a main shaft, a tested bearing, a supporting bearing, a loading bearing and a shaft sleeve are mounted on the main shaft, the main shaft is connected with an end cover through a leather cup sealing element, three medium inlet pipelines are arranged below the shell, and an opening is formed above the shell. After the test device is assembled, a radial flexible loading device and an axial flexible loading device are used for applying load to simulate the load borne by a bearing in a turbopump of the liquid rocket engine; cooling medium enters from a medium inlet pipeline and is discharged from an opening above the shell, so that an ultralow temperature environment is simulated; and starting the test device to operate to the test rotating speed, and simulating the working rotating speed of the bearing. In conclusion, the device can simulate conditions such as temperature, load, rotating speed and the like, but the cooling efficiency of the device is low due to the low-temperature medium entering mode adopted by the device, the consumption of the cooling medium is high, the tested bearing outer ring of the device is positioned in the tested bearing outer ring, the low-temperature medium cannot flow through the tested bearing outer ring, the cooling effect of the tested bearing outer ring is poor, and the actual working temperature of the rocket engine turbine pump bearing cannot be completely reached.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an ultra-low temperature working condition environment simulation device for a rolling bearing, aiming at overcoming the defects that the cooling efficiency is low, the consumption of a cooling medium is high, the cooling effect of the outer ring of a tested bearing is poor, and the actual working temperature of a turbine pump bearing of a rocket engine cannot be completely achieved in the prior art.
The device comprises a low-temperature cavity shell, a combined sealing structure, a low-temperature cavity sealing end cover, a load applying assembly, a loading bearing, a loading rod, a flow guide head and a test bearing. A combined sealing structure is arranged between the low-temperature cavity shell and the main shaft shell, and the combined sealing structure is sleeved on a mechanical main shaft of the rolling bearing testing device; and the separating disc in the combined sealing structure is fixed on the upper end surface of the main shaft shell. And the low-temperature cavity sealing end cover is arranged on the upper end surface of the low-temperature cavity shell. The lower end of the loading rod passes through the central hole of the low-temperature cavity sealing end cover and is installed in the load applying assembly. The loading bearing is positioned in the third load applying part of the load applying assembly and is sleeved on the loading rod. A load bushing is provided between an outer circumferential surface of the load lever and an inner circumferential surface of the second load applying member of the load applying assembly. The test bearing is positioned in the low-temperature cavity, sleeved at the upper end of the mechanical main shaft and positioned in the first load applying part of the load applying assembly. The test bearing is positioned above the combined sealing structure.
The low-temperature cavity of the closed rolling bearing ultralow-temperature working condition environment simulation device is formed by the low-temperature cavity shell, the main shaft shell, the combined sealing structure and the low-temperature cavity sealing end cover; the load applying assembly and the test bearing in the cavity divide the cavity of the low-temperature cavity into an inner cavity and an outer cavity to form the low-temperature cavity with a double-layer structure.
The low-temperature cavity shell consists of a cone section and a straight cylinder section. The cone section is fixed on the upper end surface of the straight cylinder section. A through hole for mounting a loading rod is formed in the center of the upper end of the cone section; four low-temperature medium outlets are uniformly distributed on the low-temperature cavity shell. The inner diameter of the straight cylinder section is larger than the outer diameter of the combined sealing structure.
The combined sealing structure is sleeved at the upper end of the mechanical main shaft, positioned below the first load applying part in the load applying assembly and fixed on the upper end surface of the main shaft shell. The blade sealing wheel in the combined sealing structure is connected with the mechanical main shaft in a key mode. The lower end of the leaf seal wheel is positioned in the groove on the upper surface of the seal disc, and the outer circumferential surface of the leaf seal wheel is in clearance fit with the inner circumferential surface of the seal disc; the labyrinth seal between the sealing disc and the leaf seal wheel is formed by an annular sealing groove which is axially arranged on the inner surface of the groove of the sealing disc. A shim is mounted between the upper surface of the leaf seal wheel and the test bearing within the first load applying member.
The center of the separation disc is provided with a through hole of the mechanical main shaft, and the separation disc and the mechanical main shaft are in clearance fit. The inner circumferential surface of the separating disc is provided with a radial groove, a sealing ring is arranged in the groove and is fastened by a sealing ring gland; the sealing ring gland is fixed on the upper surface of the separating disc; the lower surface of the separating disc is provided with a sealing ring groove.
The upper surface of the sealing disc is provided with a groove for placing the leaf sealing wheel. The outer edge of the lower surface of the sealing disc is provided with a positioning boss which axially protrudes, and the inner diameter of the positioning boss is the same as the outer diameter of the separation disc; the lower surface of the sealing disc is provided with a sealing groove for mounting a sealing ring. The inner circumferential surface of the sealing disc is provided with a radial groove for installing a sealing ring; the upper surface of the sealing disc is fixed with a sealing ring gland. The inner surface of the sealing disc is in clearance fit with the outer surface of the machine spindle.
The load applying assembly includes a first load applying member, a second load applying member, a third load applying member, and a load bearing. Wherein: the third load applying member is fixed to an upper end of the second load applying member. The first load applying member is fixed to a lower end of the second load applying member. Two load bearings are located within the third load applying member. The lower end of the loading rod is arranged in the loading bearing and extends into a shaft hole at the upper end of the second load applying piece. A loading bush is installed between the surface of the shaft hole of the upper end of the second load applying member and the outer circumferential surface of the loading rod. The outer circumferential surface of the loading bush is in interference fit with the inner surface of the shaft hole at the upper end of the second load applying member, and the inner circumferential surface of the loading bush is in clearance fit with the outer circumferential surface of the loading rod. The test bearing is seated within the first load applying member.
The inner circumferential surface of the lower end of the first load applying member has a radially protruding positioning spigot for positioning and load application of the test bearing. The first load applying member has an outer diameter equal to the maximum outer diameter of the second load applying member, and the first load applying member has an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the test bearing outer race.
The lower end of the second load applying piece is open, the upper end of the second load applying piece is provided with an end cover, the center of the end cover is provided with a mounting hole of the loading rod, and the inner diameter of the mounting hole is the same as the outer diameter of the loading lining; the outer circumferential surface of the lower end of the second load applying member is stepped, and a positioning spigot which is fitted with the first load applying member is formed at the lower end of the second load applying member. The second load applying member has an inner diameter larger than the maximum outer diameter of the flow guide head, and a flow passage for the low-temperature medium is formed between the flow guide head and the inner surface of the second load applying member.
The lower end of the third load applying member is open, and the outer circumferential surface of the lower end is provided with a flange connected with the second load applying member; the center of the upper end cover of the third load applying member is provided with a mounting hole of the loading rod. The third load applying member has an inner diameter equal to an outer diameter of the loading bearing outer ring.
The loading rod is in a hollow rod shape with one closed end. The inner hole of the loading rod is a flow channel of a low-temperature medium, and a low-temperature medium inlet is arranged on the loading rod. The center of the lower end opening of the loading rod corresponds to the center of a flow guide head fixed on the upper end face of the mechanical main shaft. A loading force transmission boss which is radially protruded is arranged on the outer circumferential surface close to the lower end of the loading rod; the upper surface of the loading force transmission boss is attached to the lower surface of the loading bearing; the outer diameter of the loading force transmission boss is the same as that of the loading bearing inner ring.
The appearance of the flow guide head is designed according to the flow field analysis of the low-temperature cavity, so that the low-temperature medium can be better guided to the test bearing, and the cooling effect is improved. The outer circumferential surface of the upper end of the flow guide head is a conical section; the taper of the conical section is 102 degrees. The center of the lower surface of the conical section is provided with an axial equal-diameter section, and the diameter of the equal-diameter section is the same as the outer diameter of the gland. The center of the lower end surface of the flow guide head is provided with a connecting rod which axially protrudes. The connecting rod is installed on the upper end face of the mechanical main shaft through threads.
The low-temperature medium enters the loading rod from the low-temperature medium inlet and flows into the inner cavity of the low-temperature cavity, then directly flows to the test bearing through the flow guide head, then flows into the outer cavity of the low-temperature cavity, completely submerges the test bearing, and finally is discharged from the low-temperature medium outlet, so that the ultralow-temperature environment is simulated.
A gasket is arranged between the lower end face of the inner ring of the test bearing and the upper surface of the leaf seal wheel in the combined sealing structure, the upper surface of the gasket is in interference fit with the lower surface of the inner ring of the test bearing, the lower surface of the gasket is in interference fit with the upper surface of the leaf seal wheel, and the inner circumferential surface of the gasket is in interference fit with the outer circumferential surface of the mechanical spindle; the mutual friction between the leaf seal wheel and the test bearing is prevented by the gasket.
In order to realize long-time test of the ultralow temperature bearing, the loading rod is in a hollow rod shape with one closed end, a low-temperature medium inlet is formed in the loading rod, and the low-temperature medium enters the cavity in the low-temperature cavity from the low-temperature medium inlet. Meanwhile, a loading force transmission boss is further arranged on the loading rod and used for transmitting load to the test bearing. Therefore, the loading rod simultaneously plays a role of serving as a low-temperature medium flow channel and transferring load, and has a compact and unique structure and space saving.
The flow guide head is designed based on low-temperature cavity flow field analysis, and the upper end of the flow guide head is a 102-degree conical section. The flow guide head can optimize the flow field of the low-temperature cavity, and simultaneously, the low-temperature medium is directly guided to the test bearing, so that the cooling efficiency is improved.
The low-temperature cavity is of a double-layer structure and is divided into an inner cavity and an outer cavity, so that the outer ring of the test bearing can be immersed in a low-temperature medium, the cooling effect of the test bearing is improved, and the actual ultralow-temperature working condition environment of the rocket engine turbine pump bearing is simulated more truly. The low-temperature environment cavity and the spindle oil-gas lubrication cavity are isolated by adopting a combined sealing structure which is combined by three forms of leaf seal wheel sealing, labyrinth sealing and sealing ring sealing, so that the leakage and exchange of a low-temperature medium and a lubricating medium can be effectively prevented, and the interface sealing of the ultralow-temperature high-pressure cavity and the normal-temperature low-pressure cavity is realized; meanwhile, the combined sealing structure has the advantages of compact structure and space saving.
As shown in fig. 19, in the present invention, the low temperature medium enters the chamber in the low temperature chamber through the hollow loading rod, then directly leads to the test bearing through the diversion head structure, then flows into the chamber outside the low temperature chamber and completely submerges the test bearing, and finally is discharged from the low temperature medium outlet. As shown in fig. 20, the test bearing can be completely immersed in the low-temperature medium due to the low-temperature medium entering mode and the low-temperature cavity double-layer structure, so that the cooling effect of the test bearing is improved, the consumption of the low-temperature medium is reduced, and the test cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an ultra-low temperature working condition environment simulation device for a rolling bearing;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the cryochamber enclosure;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the cryochamber housing;
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a cryogenic chamber housing;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a load applying assembly;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the load applying assembly;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the load lever;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the loading bushing;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a composite seal structure;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a composite seal structure;
FIG. 11 is a view of the structure relationship and the fit relationship of the combined seal structure at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the leaf seal wheel;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a leaf seal wheel;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the seal disk configuration;
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the seal disk;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the structure of a separation disc;
FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of a separation disc;
FIG. 18 is a diagram of a cryogenic medium flow path;
FIG. 19 is a simulation of cryogenic chamber flow traces;
FIG. 20 is a simulation of the temperature field of the cryochamber.
Wherein; 1. a combined sealing structure; 2. a separation disc; 3. sealing the disc; 4. a leaf seal wheel; 5. a low temperature chamber housing; 6. a low temperature medium outlet; 7. sealing the end cover by the low-temperature cavity; 8. a mechanical spindle; 9 testing the bearing; 10. a gland; 11. a load applying assembly; 12. a first load applying member; 13. a second load applying member; 14. a third load applying member; 15. loading a bearing; 16. a loading rod; 17. loading a force transmission boss; 18. a low temperature medium inlet; 19. loading the bushing; 20. a flow guide head; 21. a gasket; 22. a spindle housing.
Detailed Description
The embodiment is an ultra-low temperature working condition environment simulation device for a rolling bearing, and the environment simulation device comprises a low-temperature cavity shell 5, a combined sealing structure 1, a low-temperature cavity sealing end cover 7, a load applying assembly 11, a loading bearing 15, a loading rod 16, a flow guide head 20, a test bearing 9, a mechanical main shaft 8 and a main shaft shell 22.
Wherein, the low temperature cavity shell 5 is fixedly connected with the main shaft shell 22. The upper end of the mechanical main shaft 8 is positioned in the low-temperature cavity shell 5, and the rest part is positioned in the main shaft shell 22. A combined sealing structure 1 is arranged between the low-temperature cavity shell 5 and the main shaft shell 22, the combined sealing structure 1 is sleeved on a mechanical main shaft 8, and a separating disc 2 in the combined sealing structure 1 is fixed on the upper end face of the main shaft shell 22. The low-temperature cavity sealing end cover 7 is arranged on the upper end surface of the low-temperature cavity shell 5. The lower end of the loading rod 16 is inserted into the load application assembly 11 through the central hole of the cryochamber end cap 7. The load bearing 15 is located within the third load applying member 14 of the load applying assembly 11 and is sleeved over the load bar 16. Between the outer circumferential surface of the load lever 16 and the inner circumferential surface of the second load applying member 13 of the load applying assembly 11, there is a load bush 19. The test bearing 9 is positioned in the low-temperature cavity, sleeved at the upper end of the mechanical main shaft 8 and positioned in a first load applying part 12 of a load applying assembly 11; the test bearing 9 is fixed by a gland 10. The test bearing 9 is positioned above the combined sealing structure 1, and a gasket 21 is arranged between the lower end surface of the inner ring of the test bearing 9 and the upper surface of the leaf sealing wheel 4 in the combined sealing structure 1.
In this embodiment, the low-temperature cavity of the closed rolling bearing ultra-low temperature working condition environment simulation device is formed by the low-temperature cavity housing 5, the spindle housing 22, the combined sealing structure 1 and the low-temperature cavity sealing end cover 7, and the load applying assembly 11 and the test bearing 9 located in the cavity divide the cavity of the low-temperature cavity into an inner cavity and an outer cavity, so that the low-temperature cavity with a double-layer structure is formed.
The low-temperature cavity shell 5 consists of a cone section and a straight cylinder section. The cone section is fixed on the upper end surface of the straight cylinder section. The center of the upper end of the cone section is provided with a through hole for mounting a loading rod 16; four low-temperature medium outlets 6 are uniformly distributed on the low-temperature cavity shell 5. The inner diameter of the straight cylinder section is larger than the outer diameter of the combined sealing structure 1.
The combined sealing structure 1 is sleeved on the upper end of the machine spindle 8, is positioned below the first load applying part 12 in the load applying assembly 11, and is fixed on the upper end face of the spindle housing 22. The blade sealing wheel 4 in the combined sealing structure 1 is connected with the mechanical main shaft key. The lower end of the impeller is positioned in the groove on the upper surface of the sealing disc, and the outer circumferential surface of the impeller is in clearance fit with the inner circumferential surface of the sealing disc; the labyrinth seal between the sealing disc and the leaf seal wheel is formed by an annular sealing groove which is axially arranged on the inner surface of the groove of the sealing disc. A spacer 21 is installed between the upper surface of the vane sealing wheel and the test bearing 9 in the first load applying member 12, the upper surface of the spacer is in interference fit with the lower surface of the inner race of the test bearing, the lower surface of the spacer is in interference fit with the upper surface of the vane sealing wheel, and the inner circumferential surface of the spacer is in interference fit with the outer circumferential surface of the machine spindle; the mutual friction between the leaf seal wheel and the test bearing 9 is prevented by said gasket 21.
When the combined sealing structure is assembled with a mechanical main shaft 8 in a rolling bearing testing device, the leaf sealing wheel 4 in the combined sealing structure 1 is connected with the mechanical main shaft 8 through a key.
The separating disc 2 is in a disc shape, a through hole of the mechanical main shaft 8 is formed in the center of the separating disc 2, and the separating disc and the mechanical main shaft are in clearance fit. The inner circumferential surface of the separating disc 2 is provided with a radial groove, a sealing ring is arranged in the groove and is fastened by a sealing ring gland; the sealing ring gland is fixed on the upper surface of the separating disc 2; the lower surface of the separating disc is provided with a sealing ring groove.
The sealing disc 3 is also hollow disc-shaped. The upper surface of the sealing disc 3 is a stepped surface and is provided with a groove for placing the leaf sealing wheel 4. The outer edge of the lower surface of the sealing disc 3 is provided with a positioning boss which axially protrudes, and the inner diameter of the positioning boss is the same as the outer diameter of the separation disc 2; a seal groove for mounting a seal ring is provided on the lower surface of the seal plate 3.
The inner surface of the sealing plate 3 is in clearance fit with the outer surface of the machine spindle 8. A radial groove for installing a sealing ring is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the sealing disc 3; the sealing ring gland is fixed on the upper surface of the sealing disc 3, and the sealing ring is fastened through the sealing ring gland.
The leaf seal wheel 4 adopts the prior art. The inner circumferential surface of the blade sealing wheel 4 is provided with a groove for being in key connection with the mechanical main shaft 8.
In the embodiment, the combined sealing structure 1 realizes combined sealing in three forms of blade sealing wheel sealing, labyrinth sealing and sealing ring sealing, can effectively prevent leakage and exchange of low-temperature media and lubricating media, and realizes sealing of ultralow-temperature high-pressure and normal-temperature low-pressure interfaces; meanwhile, the combined sealing structure 1 is compact in design and saves space.
The load applying assembly 11 includes a first load applying member 12, a second load applying member 13, a third load applying member 14, and a loading bearing 15. Wherein: the third load applying member 14 is located at the upper end of the second load applying member 13 and is fixedly coupled thereto by a bolt. The first load applying member 12 is located at a lower end of the second load applying member 13 and is fixedly coupled thereto by a bolt. Two load bearings 15 are located within the third load applying member 14. The lower end of the loading rod 16 is fitted into the loading bearing 15 and extends into the shaft hole at the upper end of the second load applying member 13. A loading bush 19 is installed between a surface of the shaft hole of the upper end of the second load applying member 13 and an outer circumferential surface of the loading rod 16. The outer circumferential surface of the loading bush 19 is interference-fitted with the inner surface of the shaft hole of the upper end of the second load applying member 13, and the inner circumferential surface of the loading bush 19 is clearance-fitted with the outer circumferential surface of the loading lever 16. The test bearing 9 is seated in the first load applying member 12. During testing, the loading mechanism applies tension to the loading rod 16; the load bar 16 transmits the force to the third load applying member 14 through the load bearing 15, and then to the test bearing 9 through the second load applying member 13 and the first load applying member 12, thereby completing the loading.
The first load applying member 12 is annular. The inner circumferential surface of the lower end of the first load applying member 12 has a radially protruding positioning spigot for positioning and load application of the test bearing 9. The first load applying member 12 has the same outer diameter as the maximum outer diameter of the second load applying member 13, and the first load applying member 12 has the same inner diameter as the outer diameter of the outer ring of the test bearing 9.
The second load applying member 13 is cylindrical. The second load applying member 13 has an open lower end and an end cap at its upper end, and the end cap has a mounting hole of the loading rod 16 at its center, the inner diameter of the mounting hole being the same as the outer diameter of the loading bush 19; the outer circumferential surface of the lower end of the second load applying member 13 is stepped, and a positioning spigot that engages with the first load applying member 12 is formed at the lower end of the second load applying member 13. The second load applying member 13 has an inner diameter larger than the maximum outer diameter of the flow guide head 20, and a flow passage for the low temperature medium is formed between the flow guide head 20 and the inner surface of the second load applying member 13.
The third load applying member 14 is also cylindrical. The third load applying member 14 is open at a lower end thereof, and has a flange connected to the second load applying member 13 at an outer circumferential surface of the lower end; the third load applying member 14 has a mounting hole for the load bar 16 at the center of the end cap. The third load applying member 14 has the same inner diameter as the outer diameter of the outer race of the load bearing 15.
The loading rod 16 is a hollow rod with one end closed. The inner hole of the loading rod 16 is a flow channel of the low-temperature medium, and a low-temperature medium inlet 18 is arranged on the loading rod 16. The center of the lower end opening of the loading rod 16 corresponds to the center of a flow guide head 20 fixed on the upper end surface of the machine main shaft 8. A loading force transmission boss 17 protruding in the radial direction is provided on the outer circumferential surface near the lower end of the loading rod 16; the upper surface of the loading force transmission boss 17 is attached to the lower surface of the loading bearing 15; the loading force transmission boss 17 has the same outer diameter as the inner ring of the loading bearing 15.
The appearance of the flow guide head 20 is designed according to the flow field analysis of the low-temperature cavity, so that the low-temperature medium can be better guided to the test bearing, and the cooling effect is improved. In this embodiment, the flow guide head 20 is a rotator. The outer circumferential surface of the upper end of the flow guide head 20 is a conical section; the taper of the conical section is 102 degrees. In the center of the lower surface of the conical section, there is an axial constant diameter section, and the diameter of the constant diameter section is the same as the outer diameter of the gland 10. A connecting rod axially protruding is arranged at the center of the lower end face of the guide head 20. The connecting rod is installed in a threaded hole in the upper end face of the mechanical main shaft 8 through threads.
As shown in fig. 18, arrows indicate the flow path of the low-temperature medium. The cryogenic medium enters the loading rod 16 from the cryogenic medium inlet 18 and flows into the cryogenic chamber inner chamber, then flows directly to the test bearing 9 through the flow guide head 20, then merges into the cryogenic chamber outer chamber and completely submerges the test bearing 9, and finally exits the cryogenic medium outlet 6, thereby simulating an ultra-low temperature environment.
Claims (7)
1. An ultra-low temperature working condition environment simulation device for a rolling bearing is characterized by comprising a low-temperature cavity shell, a combined sealing structure, a low-temperature cavity sealing end cover, a load applying assembly, a loading bearing, a loading rod, a flow guide head and a test bearing; a combined sealing structure is arranged between the low-temperature cavity shell and the main shaft shell, and the combined sealing structure is sleeved on a mechanical main shaft of the rolling bearing testing device; the separating discs in the combined sealing structure are fixed on the upper end surface of the main shaft shell; the low-temperature cavity sealing end cover is arranged on the upper end surface of the low-temperature cavity shell; the lower end of the loading rod penetrates through a central hole of the low-temperature cavity sealing end cover and is installed in the load applying assembly; the load applying assembly comprises a first load applying member, a second load applying member, a third load applying member and a loading bearing; wherein: the third load applying member is fixed to the upper end of the second load applying member; the first load applying member is fixed to a lower end of the second load applying member; two load bearings are located within the third load applying member; the lower end of the loading rod is arranged in the loading bearing and extends into a shaft hole at the upper end of the second load applying piece; a loading bush is arranged between the surface of the shaft hole at the upper end of the second load applying part and the outer circumferential surface of the loading rod; the outer circumferential surface of the loading bush is in interference fit with the inner surface of the shaft hole at the upper end of the second load applying member, and the inner circumferential surface of the loading bush is in clearance fit with the outer circumferential surface of the loading rod; the test bearing is placed in the first load applying member; the loading bearing is positioned in a third load applying part of the load applying assembly and is sleeved on the loading rod; a load bushing between an outer circumferential surface of the load lever and an inner circumferential surface of the second load applying member of the load applying assembly; the center of the lower end opening of the loading rod corresponds to the center of a flow guide head fixed on the upper end face of the mechanical spindle; the test bearing is positioned in the low-temperature cavity, sleeved at the upper end of the mechanical main shaft and positioned in the first load applying part of the load applying assembly; the test bearing is positioned above the combined sealing structure;
the low-temperature cavity of the closed rolling bearing ultralow-temperature working condition environment simulation device is formed by the low-temperature cavity shell, the main shaft shell, the combined sealing structure and the low-temperature cavity sealing end cover; the cavity of the low-temperature cavity is divided into an inner cavity and an outer cavity by the load applying assembly and the test bearing which are positioned in the cavity, so that the low-temperature cavity with a double-layer structure is formed;
the outer circumferential surface of the upper end of the flow guide head is a conical section; the taper of the conical section is 102 degrees; the center of the lower surface of the conical section is provided with an axial equal-diameter section; the center of the lower end surface of the flow guide head is provided with a connecting rod which axially protrudes; the connecting rod is arranged on the upper end surface of the mechanical main shaft through threads;
the low-temperature medium enters the loading rod from the low-temperature medium inlet and flows into the inner cavity of the low-temperature cavity, then directly flows to the test bearing through the flow guide head, then flows into the outer cavity of the low-temperature cavity and completely submerges the test bearing, and finally is discharged from the low-temperature medium outlet, so that the ultralow-temperature environment is simulated.
2. The ultra-low temperature working condition environment simulation device of the rolling bearing according to claim 1, wherein the low temperature chamber housing is composed of a cone section and a straight cylinder section; the cone section is fixed on the upper end face of the straight cylinder section; a through hole for mounting a loading rod is formed in the center of the upper end of the cone section; four low-temperature medium outlets are uniformly distributed on the low-temperature cavity shell; the inner diameter of the straight cylinder section is larger than the outer diameter of the combined sealing structure.
3. The ultra-low temperature working condition environment simulation device for the rolling bearing according to claim 1, wherein the combined sealing structure is sleeved at the upper end of the mechanical main shaft, is positioned below a first load applying member in the load applying assembly, and is fixed on the upper end surface of the main shaft shell; the blade sealing wheel in the combined sealing structure is connected with the mechanical main shaft in a key way; the lower end of the impeller is positioned in the groove on the upper surface of the sealing disc, and the outer circumferential surface of the impeller is in clearance fit with the inner circumferential surface of the sealing disc; the upper surface of the sealing disc is provided with a groove for placing the leaf sealing wheel; the outer edge of the lower surface of the sealing disc is provided with a positioning boss which axially protrudes, and the inner diameter of the positioning boss is the same as the outer diameter of the separation disc; the lower surface of the sealing disc is provided with a sealing groove for mounting a sealing ring; the inner circumferential surface of the sealing disc is provided with a radial groove for installing a sealing ring; a sealing ring gland is fixed on the upper surface of the sealing disc; the inner surface of the sealing disc is in clearance fit with the outer surface of the mechanical main shaft; the labyrinth seal between the sealing disc and the blade seal wheel is formed by annular sealing grooves axially distributed on the inner surface of the groove of the sealing disc; a shim is mounted between the upper surface of the leaf seal wheel and the test bearing within the first load applying member.
4. The ultra-low temperature working condition environment simulation device for the rolling bearing according to claim 1, wherein a through hole of the mechanical main shaft is formed in the center of the separation disc, and the separation disc and the mechanical main shaft are in clearance fit; the inner circumferential surface of the separating disc is provided with a radial groove, a sealing ring is arranged in the groove and is fastened by a sealing ring gland; the sealing ring gland is fixed on the upper surface of the separating disc; the lower surface of the separating disc is provided with a sealing ring groove.
5. The ultra-low temperature working condition environment simulation device for the rolling bearing according to claim 1, wherein the inner circumferential surface of the lower end of the first load applying member is provided with a radially protruding positioning spigot for positioning and load application of the test bearing; the outer diameter of the first load applying member is the same as the maximum outer diameter of the second load applying member, and the inner diameter of the first load applying member is the same as the outer diameter of the test bearing outer ring;
the lower end of the second load applying member is open, the upper end of the second load applying member is provided with an end cover, the center of the end cover at the upper end of the second load applying member is provided with a mounting hole of the loading rod, and the inner diameter of the mounting hole is the same as the outer diameter of the loading bush; the outer circumferential surface of the lower end of the second load applying member is stepped, and a positioning spigot matched with the first load applying member is formed at the lower end of the second load applying member; the inner diameter of the second load applying member is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the flow guide head, and a flow passage of the low-temperature medium is formed between the flow guide head and the inner surface of the second load applying member;
the lower end of the third load applying member is open, and the outer circumferential surface of the lower end is provided with a flange connected with the second load applying member; the center of the upper end cover of the third load applying piece is provided with a mounting hole of the loading rod; the third load applying member has an inner diameter equal to an outer diameter of the loading bearing outer ring.
6. The ultra-low temperature working condition environment simulation device for the rolling bearing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the loading rod is a hollow rod with one closed end; the inner hole of the loading rod is a flow channel of a low-temperature medium, and a low-temperature medium inlet is formed in the loading rod; a loading force transmission boss which is radially protruded is arranged on the outer circumferential surface close to the lower end of the loading rod; the upper surface of the loading force transmission boss is attached to the lower surface of the loading bearing; the outer diameter of the loading force transmission boss is the same as that of the loading bearing inner ring.
7. The ultra-low temperature working condition environment simulation device for the rolling bearing according to claim 3, wherein the upper surface of the gasket is in interference fit with the lower surface of the inner ring of the test bearing, the lower surface of the gasket is in interference fit with the upper surface of the leaf seal wheel, and the inner circumferential surface of the gasket is in interference fit with the outer circumferential surface of the mechanical spindle; the mutual friction between the leaf seal wheel and the test bearing is prevented by the gasket.
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| CN202011153496.8A CN112345243B (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Rolling bearing ultralow-temperature working condition environment simulation device |
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| CN112345243B true CN112345243B (en) | 2022-09-27 |
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| CN114235402B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2024-02-20 | 西北工业大学 | Ultralow temperature rolling bearing life test device |
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| CN105136457B (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2017-10-17 | 重庆大学 | The controllable many specification rolling bearing test tables of high/low temperature |
| US10247638B2 (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2019-04-02 | Korea Institute Of Science And Technology | Bearing test apparatus for testing behavior of the bearing |
| CN109115500A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-01-01 | 中国航发哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | A kind of bearing testing machine |
| CN109975022B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2024-04-16 | 北京宇航推进科技有限公司 | Test device and test method for fatigue life of ultralow-temperature high-DN-value bearing |
| CN209485687U (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-10-11 | 北京宇航推进科技有限公司 | Experimental rig for the high DN value bearing fatigue life of ultralow temperature |
| CN111721533A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-09-29 | 北京航天星汉科技有限公司 | Rolling bearing test bed and test method |
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