CN112344200A - non-Newtonian fluid impregnated grid enhanced hydrogen storage pressure vessel structure and process - Google Patents
non-Newtonian fluid impregnated grid enhanced hydrogen storage pressure vessel structure and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112344200A CN112344200A CN202011224169.7A CN202011224169A CN112344200A CN 112344200 A CN112344200 A CN 112344200A CN 202011224169 A CN202011224169 A CN 202011224169A CN 112344200 A CN112344200 A CN 112344200A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
- F17C1/04—Protecting sheathings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
- F17C1/08—Integral reinforcements, e.g. ribs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/16—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge constructed of plastics materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0114—Shape cylindrical with interiorly curved end-piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
- F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
- F17C2203/012—Reinforcing means on or in the wall, e.g. ribs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0614—Single wall
- F17C2203/0624—Single wall with four or more layers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/066—Plastics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/068—Special properties of materials for vessel walls
- F17C2203/0685—Special properties of materials for vessel walls flexible
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
- F17C2205/0126—One vessel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
- F17C2209/2109—Moulding
- F17C2209/2118—Moulding by injection
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
- F17C2209/2154—Winding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
- F17C2209/219—Working processes for non metal materials, e.g. extruding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
- F17C2209/227—Assembling processes by adhesive means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
- F17C2209/232—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
- F17C2209/234—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of closing end pieces, e.g. caps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-Newtonian fluid impregnated grid enhanced hydrogen storage pressure vessel structure and a process. The anti-collision device comprises a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, a grid structure reinforcing layer, a fiber protective layer and anti-collision materials, wherein the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material is wound on the inner lining of the gas cylinder in a prestressed mode, and the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, the grid structure reinforcing layer, the fiber protective layer and the anti-collision materials are sequentially arranged on the outer side surfaces of the opening end and the; the integral structure of the gas cylinder container is reinforced by adopting a grid structure reinforcing layer, and fibers used for forming the grid structure reinforcing layer are impregnated by non-Newtonian fluid, dried and then impregnated and wound for forming; the method comprises the steps of firstly, respectively forming and manufacturing a soft grid structure die at the cylinder body and at two ends of a seal head by using a casting forming method, then, adhering the soft grid structure die to the outer surface of the gas cylinder wound with the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material in a common adhesion mode, and then, forming a grid structure reinforcing layer. The hydrogen storage pressure vessel prepared by the invention has the characteristics of high rigidity, impact resistance, light weight and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a pressure vessel structure and a forming process in the field of composite material hydrogen storage pressure vessels, and particularly relates to a grid enhanced hydrogen storage pressure vessel structure and a forming process.
Background
The energy structure of the world is undergoing a transition phase from fossil energy to new renewable energy, wherein hydrogen energy is regarded as the final form of energy utilization in the automobile industry due to the characteristics of high energy conversion efficiency, cleanness and no pollution, and the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage pressure vessel loaded with hydrogen gas has wide research significance and application value.
The existing common hydrogen storage pressure container can be mainly divided into the following four types according to the structural composition, wherein the I-type bottle is completely made of metal, the II-type bottle is made of metal materials, but is wound with glass fiber or carbon fiber composite materials in the circumferential direction of the outer layer, the III-type bottle is a composite material gas bottle which is made of metal materials as inner liners and fibers in the longitudinal and circumferential directions and is fully wound, and the IV-type gas bottle is a composite material gas bottle which is made of plastic inner liners to replace metal inner liners in the spiral and circumferential directions. The development of the current hydrogen storage bottle is developing towards the direction of light weight, high storage capacity and higher hydrogen storage density per unit mass, but the type III and type IV bottles which are mainly used at present still have the problems of poor rigidity, insufficient shock resistance, high price and lower hydrogen storage density per unit mass.
At present, related patents report a few reports, and among them, there is a hydrogen storage pressure vessel with an enhanced grid structure, but the grid structure is formed directly on the surface of the gas cylinder by winding without using a mold, so that it is difficult to form a grid structure with a certain thickness on the surface of the gas cylinder, and the overall performance of the gas cylinder cannot be effectively enhanced. The hydrogen storage cylinder with a grid structure is applied by the Nissan automobile company Limited, the grid structure is formed by winding two spiral parallel grid reinforcing ribs and a vertical grid reinforcing rib outside a cylinder body by a mould, and then the formed grid structure and the cylinder body are assembled into a whole. In which the formation of the lattice structure is performed by forming outside the cylinder and then reassembling, thereby possibly causing a problem of poor overall performance of the cylinder. On the other hand, the grid structure is only reinforced at the cylinder body of the gas cylinder, and the two ends of the seal head of the gas cylinder are not protected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a grid enhanced hydrogen storage pressure vessel structure which is high in rigidity, impact resistant and light in weight and is impregnated by non-Newtonian fluid and a forming process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a non-Newtonian fluid-impregnated grid enhanced hydrogen storage pressure vessel structure:
as shown in fig. 1, the structure includes the gas cylinder inside lining, metal gas cylinder open end and metal gas cylinder tail end, installation metal gas cylinder open end and metal gas cylinder tail end are connected respectively to the both ends of gas cylinder inside lining, still include prestressing force and twine in the gas cylinder inside lining, the fiber reinforcement resin base combined material of metal gas cylinder open end and metal gas cylinder tail end outside surface, continue the winding grid structure enhancement layer that has certain thickness in fiber reinforcement resin base combined material outside surface, further at the fiber protection layer that grid structure enhancement layer outside surface winding had, and the crashproof material that sets up outside the fiber protection layer outside surface at both ends head department.
The integral structure of the gas cylinder container is reinforced by a grid structure reinforcing layer, and the grid structure reinforcing layer is formed by impregnating fibers with non-Newtonian fluid, drying and then impregnating and winding.
Firstly, respectively forming and manufacturing soft grid structure molds at a bottle body and a seal head by using a casting forming method, then adhering the soft grid structure molds at the bottle body and the seal head to the outer surface of the liner of the gas cylinder wound with the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material together in an adhesion mode, and then forming a grid structure reinforcing layer, wherein the winding process and the non-Newtonian fluid impregnation, drying and gum dipping process are shown in figure 3.
The grid structure reinforcing layer is formed by arranging a plurality of grid reinforcing ribs made of fiber resin matrix composite materials. The connection position of the soft grid structure mold at the cylinder body and the soft grid structure mold at the end enclosure is just the width of one grid reinforcing rib, and the soft grid structure mold is disassembled after the grid structure reinforcing layer on the outer surface of the liner of the gas cylinder is solidified and molded.
The non-Newtonian fluid is composed of polyethylene glycol, nano silicon dioxide and a small amount of calcium carbonate, and the preparation method and the selection of materials are carried out according to the following steps: the molecular weight of the selected polyethylene glycol is between 200 and 800, the particle size of the used nano silicon dioxide particles is between 5 and 100nm, the dosage of the nano silicon dioxide particles is between 20 and 70 percent of the mass percent of the polyethylene glycol, the size of the used calcium carbonate particles is between 30 and 50nm, and the dosage of the calcium carbonate particles is between 1 and 10 percent of the mass percent of the polyethylene glycol; the preparation process comprises the steps of adding weighed nano silica particles and calcium carbonate particles into polyethylene glycol under a stirring state step by step, standing and vacuumizing after all the nano silica particles and the calcium carbonate particles are added to remove redundant bubbles, and then adding ethanol to dilute to obtain the non-Newtonian fluid.
The fiber of the grid structure reinforcing layer is one or the combination of more than two of carbon fiber, boron fiber, Kevlar fiber, glass fiber and natural fiber, or the fiber of the same type is different.
The soft grid structure mold of the grid structure enhancement layer comprises the following shapes, such as a triangle, a quadrangle, a polygon, a Kagome structure, a diamond structure, a Chinese character 'mi' -shaped structure and the like.
After the grid structure reinforcing layer is formed, a fiber protective layer with a certain thickness is wound outside the grid structure reinforcing layer, and after the fiber protective layer is wound and formed, anti-collision materials are further additionally arranged at end sockets at two ends.
The liner of the gas cylinder is made of metal or plastic prepared from one or more than two high polymer materials.
The method comprises the following steps of carrying out a hydrogen permeation prevention treatment process on the gas cylinder lining of the hydrogen storage pressure container, and further carrying out nickel-chromium alloy electroplating or metal gold treatment on the surface of the gas cylinder lining made of a metal material, or refining crystal grains by adopting a surface oxidation treatment method; for the non-metallic material lining, a method of vapor deposition of a polytetrafluoroethylene coating on the surface of the lining is adopted.
The invention specially adopts non-Newtonian fluid to dip the grid structure reinforcing layer, and then the non-Newtonian fluid is used in the hydrogen storage pressure container, so that the energy required by crack propagation can be increased, and the shock resistance and the instability resistance of the grid structure reinforcing layer are improved, thereby improving the safety performance of the gas cylinder.
Secondly, a manufacturing process of the non-Newtonian fluid impregnated grid enhanced hydrogen storage pressure vessel:
1) forming a gas cylinder lining;
2) winding a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material on the outer surface of the gas cylinder lining in a prestressed manner;
3) the preparation of the soft mold of the grid structure reinforcing layer comprises the steps of firstly forming the mold by using a machining method, then pouring by using a rubber material or a high polymer material with a higher thermal expansion coefficient, and then demolding to prepare the grid structure reinforcing layer;
4) forming the grid structure enhancement layer by adhering the obtained soft grid structure mold to the outer surface of the gas cylinder liner wound with the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material by using an adhesion method, then impregnating the fibers by using a non-Newtonian fluid impregnation and drying process in a drying furnace, then performing impregnation, then performing winding forming on the soft grid structure mold, and disassembling the soft grid structure mold after winding forming and curing;
as shown in fig. 3, the fiber bundle is immersed into a dipping tank filled with non-newtonian fluid at a constant speed under external traction, the immersed fiber is dried by a drying furnace, the dried fiber passes through another tank filled with resin under external traction, and the immersed fiber bundle is wound on the surface of the gas cylinder under traction of a wire guide head.
5) Processing and preparing a fiber protective layer by adopting a winding forming method;
6) the anti-collision material is prepared from a high polymer material through a foaming process.
The gas cylinder inside lining adopt metal material or plastics material: the inner lining of the gas cylinder made of metal adopts a spinning one-step forming process; the plastic gas cylinder lining is formed by adopting a one-step forming process of blow molding or an injection molding method to divide the gas cylinder lining into two halves and then spliced into a complete structure by using a welding method.
The non-Newtonian fluid is composed of polyethylene glycol, nano silicon dioxide and a small amount of calcium carbonate, and the preparation method and the selection of materials are carried out according to the following steps: the molecular weight of the selected polyethylene glycol is between 200 and 800, the particle size of the used nano silicon dioxide particles is between 5 and 100nm, the dosage of the nano silicon dioxide particles is between 20 and 70 percent of the mass percent of the polyethylene glycol, the size of the used calcium carbonate particles is between 30 and 50nm, and the dosage of the calcium carbonate particles is between 1 and 10 percent of the mass percent of the polyethylene glycol; the preparation process comprises the steps of adding weighed nano silica particles and calcium carbonate particles into polyethylene glycol under a stirring state step by step, standing and vacuumizing after all the nano silica particles and the calcium carbonate particles are added to remove redundant bubbles, and then adding ethanol to dilute to obtain the non-Newtonian fluid.
The winding forming process selects dry winding or wet winding, and the used resin system is epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl resin and the like.
The soft grid structure mold of the grid structure reinforcing layer is formed by pouring rubber or high polymer materials in the mold.
The forming die of the soft grid structure is made of metal materials through machining.
The hydrogen storage pressure container consists of a gas cylinder liner, a gas cylinder opening end, a gas cylinder tail, a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, a fiber resin matrix grid structure reinforcing layer and a fiber protective layer, wherein the gas cylinder opening end and the gas cylinder tail are connected with the liner, the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material is wrapped on the outer layer of the liner, the fiber resin matrix grid structure reinforcing layer is soaked by non-Newtonian fluid, and the fiber protective layer is wrapped on the outer layer.
The invention introduces non-Newtonian fluid into the winding forming process of the grid enhanced hydrogen storage pressure vessel, which can further improve the shock resistance of the grid structure enhanced layer, thereby integrally improving the performance of the composite material gas cylinder.
The application of the grid structure to the hydrogen storage bottle is expected to improve the shock resistance and rigidity of the hydrogen storage bottle, and can realize the purposes of low cost and light weight.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. high rigidity and good shock resistance: the grid structure is adopted to strengthen the whole gas cylinder, the grid structure reinforcing layer has the characteristics of strong instability resistance and good structural stability, and the shock resistance of the gas cylinder in the use process is greatly improved, so that the safety of the gas cylinder is improved.
2. Light weight, low cost, high gas storage density: the gas cylinder is reinforced by the grid structure reinforcing layer, and the using amount of carbon fibers can be greatly reduced under the condition of the same thickness, so that the prepared gas cylinder has the advantages of light weight, low cost and higher gas storage density.
3. The carbon fiber used by the grid structure reinforcing layer adopts a non-Newtonian fluid dipping and drying treatment process before forming, so that the expansion of cracks can be effectively blocked after treatment, the energy required by the crack expansion is increased, the shock resistance of the gas cylinder is further improved, and the instability resistance of the grid structure reinforcing layer is enhanced, so that the safety performance of the gas cylinder is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of the structure of a hydrogen storage pressure vessel of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a grid inside a hydrogen storage pressure vessel.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the non-Newtonian fluid dipping, drying, and winding process during the winding process of the hydrogen storage pressure vessel.
In the figure, 1, a grid structure reinforcing layer, 2, a metal gas cylinder opening end, 3, a gas cylinder lining, 4, a fiber resin reinforcing layer, 5, a fiber protective layer, 6, a metal gas cylinder tail end, 7, an anti-collision material, 8, a single-roll fiber bundle, 9, a dipping tank, 10, a non-Newtonian fluid, 11, a drying furnace, 12, resin, 13 and a wire guide head.
Detailed Description
One embodiment of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the grid structure shape on the surface of the gas cylinder is as shown in the figure, including gas cylinder liner 3, metal gas cylinder open end 2 and metal gas cylinder tail end 6, the both ends of gas cylinder liner 3 are connected installation metal gas cylinder open end 2 and metal gas cylinder tail end 6 respectively, still include prestressing force twine in gas cylinder liner 3, the fiber reinforcement resin matrix composite 4 on metal gas cylinder open end 2 and the 6 outside surfaces of metal gas cylinder tail end, continue winding grid structure enhancement layer 1 on the 4 outside surfaces of fiber reinforcement resin matrix composite, further there is fiber protection layer 5 winding on the 1 outside surface of grid structure enhancement layer, and the crashproof material 7 that sets up outside the 5 outside surfaces of fiber protection layer at both ends head department.
The non-Newtonian fluid 10 is composed of polyethylene glycol, nano-silica and a small amount of calcium carbonate, and the preparation method and the selection of materials are carried out according to the following steps: the molecular weight of the selected polyethylene glycol is between 200 and 800, the particle size of the used nano silicon dioxide particles is between 5 and 100nm, the dosage of the nano silicon dioxide particles is between 20 and 70 percent of the mass percent of the polyethylene glycol, the size of the used calcium carbonate particles is between 30 and 50nm, and the dosage of the calcium carbonate particles is between 1 and 10 percent of the mass percent of the polyethylene glycol; the preparation process comprises the steps of adding weighed nano silica particles and calcium carbonate particles into polyethylene glycol under a stirring state step by step, standing and vacuumizing after all the nano silica particles and the calcium carbonate particles are added to remove redundant bubbles, and then adding ethanol to dilute to obtain the non-Newtonian fluid.
The lining in the embodiment is made of nylon 66 material, and the fiber resin system selected by the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite 4, the grid structure reinforcing layer 1 and the fiber protective layer 5 in the embodiment is T700S/epoxy resin system; the soft mold used for molding the grid structure reinforcing layer 10 is made of silicon rubber, and the silicon rubber expands under heat in the molding process, so that the grid structure reinforcing layer is molded.
The structure and manufacturing process of the pressure container of the embodiment are as follows:
1) firstly, dividing the lining structure into two halves, processing each half by using an injection molding process, carrying out surface treatment on the surface of the plastic lining by using a polytetrafluoroethylene coating so as to slow down the permeation of hydrogen, and splicing the two halves into a complete plastic lining by using a welding method.
2) The method comprises the steps of winding a certain number of layers of carbon fiber resin matrix composite material 4 on the surface of an inner liner, respectively bonding forming dies with soft grid structures at a seal head and a bottle body of the outer layer of the carbon fiber resin matrix composite material 4, then winding and forming, removing the soft grid structure dies after forming a grid structure enhancement layer 1 with a certain thickness, and carrying out non-Newtonian fluid dipping 10 and drying 11 on used carbon fibers before forming the grid structure enhancement layer 1. And then a certain number of fiber protective layers 5 are continuously wound on the outer part of the gas cylinder. In this embodiment, the number of carbon fiber resin-based composite material 4 layers is 10, the number of grid structure reinforcing layers 1 is 22, and the number of fiber protective layers 5 is 10.
3) The soft grid structure mold is formed by pouring a silicon rubber material into the metal grid structure mold for curing and molding.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a non-Newtonian fluid impregnated grid enhancement mode hydrogen storage pressure vessel structure, includes gas cylinder inside lining (3), metal gas cylinder open end (2) and metal gas cylinder tail end (6), and installation metal gas cylinder open end (2) and metal gas cylinder tail end (6), its characterized in that are connected respectively to the both ends of gas cylinder inside lining (3): still include prestressing force twine in gas cylinder inside lining (3), metal gas cylinder open end (2) and metal gas cylinder tail end (6) outside surface fiber reinforcement resin base combined material (4), continue winding grid structure enhancement layer (1) in fiber reinforcement resin base combined material (4) outside surface, further at grid structure enhancement layer (1) outside surface winding some fibre protective layer (5) to and the crashproof material (7) that set up outside fibre protective layer (5) the outside surface of both ends head department.
2. A non-newtonian fluid-impregnated, grid-enhanced hydrogen storage pressure vessel structure according to claim 1, wherein: the integral structure of the gas cylinder container is reinforced by a grid structure reinforcing layer (1), and the grid structure reinforcing layer (1) is formed by impregnating fibers with non-Newtonian fluid, drying and then impregnating and winding.
3. A non-newtonian fluid-impregnated, grid-enhanced hydrogen storage pressure vessel structure according to claim 2, wherein: firstly, respectively molding and manufacturing soft grid structure molds at a bottle body and a seal head by using a casting molding method, then jointly adhering the soft grid structure molds at the bottle body and the seal head to the outer surface of the gas bottle wound with the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material (4) in an adhesion mode, and then molding the grid structure reinforcing layer (1).
4. A non-newtonian fluid-impregnated, grid-enhanced hydrogen storage pressure vessel structure according to claim 3, wherein: the connection position of the soft grid structure mold at the bottle body and the soft grid structure mold at the end enclosure is just the width of one grid reinforcing rib, and the soft grid structure mold is disassembled after the grid structure reinforcing layer (1) on the outer surface of the gas bottle is solidified and molded.
5. A non-newtonian fluid-impregnated, grid-enhanced hydrogen storage pressure vessel structure according to claim 2, wherein: the non-Newtonian fluid (10) is composed of polyethylene glycol, nano silicon dioxide and a small amount of calcium carbonate, and the preparation method and the selection of materials are carried out according to the following steps: the molecular weight of the selected polyethylene glycol is between 200 and 800, the particle size of the used nano silicon dioxide particles is between 5 and 100nm, the dosage of the nano silicon dioxide particles is between 20 and 70 percent of the mass percent of the polyethylene glycol, the size of the used calcium carbonate particles is between 30 and 50nm, and the dosage of the calcium carbonate particles is between 1 and 10 percent of the mass percent of the polyethylene glycol; the preparation process comprises the steps of adding weighed nano silica particles and calcium carbonate particles into polyethylene glycol under a stirring state step by step, standing and vacuumizing after all the nano silica particles and the calcium carbonate particles are added to remove redundant bubbles, and then adding ethanol to dilute to obtain the non-Newtonian fluid.
6. A non-newtonian fluid-impregnated, grid-enhanced hydrogen storage pressure vessel structure according to claim 2, wherein: the fiber of the grid structure reinforcing layer (1) is one or the combination of more than two of carbon fiber, boron fiber, Kevlar fiber, glass fiber and natural fiber, or the fiber with the same type.
7. A non-newtonian fluid-impregnated, grid-enhanced hydrogen storage pressure vessel structure according to claim 2, wherein: after the grid structure reinforcing layer (1) is formed, the fiber protective layer (5) is wound outside the grid structure reinforcing layer (1), and anti-collision materials (7) are further additionally arranged at end sockets at two ends of the fiber protective layer (5) after the fiber protective layer is wound and formed.
8. A process for manufacturing a non-newtonian fluid-impregnated grid enhanced hydrogen storage pressure vessel, comprising:
1) forming a gas cylinder lining (3);
2) the outer surface of the gas cylinder lining (3) is wound with a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material (4) in a prestressed manner;
3) preparing a soft mold of the grid structure reinforcing layer, namely firstly forming the mold by using a machining method, then pouring by using a rubber material or a high polymer material, and then demolding to prepare the grid structure reinforcing layer;
4) the grid structure enhancement layer (1) is formed by adhering the obtained soft grid structure mold to the outer surface of the gas cylinder lining (3) wound with the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material (4) by using an adhesion method, then carrying out processes of dipping on fibers by using non-Newtonian fluid (10) and drying in a drying furnace (11), then carrying out gum dipping, then carrying out winding forming on the soft grid structure mold, and detaching the soft grid structure mold after winding forming and curing;
5) processing and preparing a fiber protective layer (5) by adopting a winding forming method;
6) the anti-collision material (7) is prepared from a high polymer material through a foaming process.
9. A process of manufacturing a non-newtonian fluid-impregnated grid enhanced hydrogen storage pressure vessel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gas cylinder liner (3) is made of metal materials or plastic materials: the gas cylinder lining (3) made of metal adopts a spinning one-step forming process; the plastic gas cylinder lining (3) is formed by adopting a one-step forming process of blow molding or an injection molding method to divide the gas cylinder lining (3) into two halves and then splicing into a complete structure by using a welding method.
10. A process of manufacturing a non-newtonian fluid-impregnated grid enhanced hydrogen storage pressure vessel as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the non-Newtonian fluid (10) is composed of polyethylene glycol, nano silicon dioxide and a small amount of calcium carbonate, and the preparation method and the selection of materials are carried out according to the following steps: the molecular weight of the selected polyethylene glycol is between 200 and 800, the particle size of the used nano silicon dioxide particles is between 5 and 100nm, the dosage of the nano silicon dioxide particles is between 20 and 70 percent of the mass percent of the polyethylene glycol, the size of the used calcium carbonate particles is between 30 and 50nm, and the dosage of the calcium carbonate particles is between 1 and 10 percent of the mass percent of the polyethylene glycol; the preparation process comprises the steps of adding weighed nano silica particles and calcium carbonate particles into polyethylene glycol under a stirring state step by step, standing and vacuumizing after all the nano silica particles and the calcium carbonate particles are added to remove redundant bubbles, and then adding ethanol to dilute to obtain the non-Newtonian fluid.
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