CN112343692B - 一种汽车排气***总成 - Google Patents
一种汽车排气***总成 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/16—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts
- F01N1/161—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts for adjusting resonance or dead chambers or passages to resonance or dead chambers
- F01N1/163—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts for adjusting resonance or dead chambers or passages to resonance or dead chambers by means of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/16—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts
- F01N1/168—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts for controlling or modifying silencing characteristics only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
- F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
- F01N13/1811—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration
- F01N13/1822—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration for fixing exhaust pipes or devices to vehicle body
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种汽车排气***总成,包括排气歧管、排气净化装置、排气管、***和安装架;所述排气净化装置包括净化器壳体、设置于所述净化器壳体内前端的微粒捕捉组件和设置于所述净化器壳体内后端的催化转化组件;所述微粒捕捉组件的过滤孔内设有磁致伸缩材料制作的调节块;从而可以根据发动机工况主动调整过滤孔径大小,有效提高过滤效果且减小排气阻力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及发动机零部件领域,特别涉及一种具有良好微粒过滤效果,同时提高车辆舒适性的汽车排气***总成。
背景技术
目前,控制发动机有害物质排放是保护环境的有效措施,对于柴油机而言,微粒排放是柴油机控制的两大难点之一。随着环保法规的不断严格,微粒的排放界限值越来越低,为了降低发动机的微粒排放,可使用微粒捕捉器。目前使用的微粒捕捉器,通常采用的材料主要是陶瓷材料,包括蜂窝陶瓷和泡沫陶瓷。陶瓷材料作为过滤器,耐高温性能好,机械强度高,但是其过滤的孔径为固定值,不能根据发动机的工况主动调节其过滤能力;
另外现有的汽车排气***一般通过法兰和排气***悬挂装置分别与发动机排气歧管和车身底盘连接。由于受到发动机本身振动和排气激励的影响,排气***振动较大。排气***的振动会通过排气***悬挂装置传递到车身底板上,引起车身底板的振动,车身底板的振动通过座椅和方向盘等传递给乘客,同时车身的振动也会辐射出去,在车内产生噪声。现有的排气悬挂一般采用橡胶作为隔振件,其隔振能力为固定值,不能根据振动的程度主动控制悬挂的硬度。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供一种汽车排气***总成,该排气***具有较好的微滤过滤效果,同时减小排气阻力,同时能够有效减缓传递到车身上的振动。
本发明的汽车排气***总成,包括排气歧管、排气净化装置、排气管、***和安装架;
所述排气净化装置包括净化器壳体、设置于所述净化器壳体内前端的微粒捕捉组件和设置于所述净化器壳体内后端的催化转化组件;所述微粒捕捉组件包括“井”字形横截面的过滤体,所述过滤体包括两对垂直相交的过滤板,且过滤板由导磁材料制作并分布有过滤孔;所述过滤体形成有九条气流通道,过滤体前端和后端的气流通道口部交错设置有封堵块,使进入气流通道的气体需通过过滤板上的过滤孔后排出;如图所示,过滤体前端面上下左右四个气流通道进口处设置封堵块,而过滤体后端面的四个顶角和中间的气流通道出口处设有封堵块;所述过滤孔为矩形孔,其两侧孔内壁镶嵌有磁致伸缩材料制作的调节块;所述净化器壳体外缠绕有励磁线圈;
所述催化转化组件包括载体和涂覆于所述载体的催化剂涂层。
进一步,所述***包括***壳体和设置于所述***壳体内的谐振管;所述***壳体内通过上隔板和下隔板分隔形成进气腔、排气腔和中间腔;所述谐振管贯穿排气腔连通进气腔和中间腔;所述下隔板上分布有气流过孔;所述谐振管包括外管、内管、主进气管、副进气管和谐振排气管;所述内管同轴固定于外管内,使内管与外管之间形成环形空腔,内管中部固定有中间隔板使内管内部分隔形成上腔和下腔;所述主进气管、副进气管由内管进气端穿过上腔伸入至下腔;所述副进气管内设有用于控制其流通截面的控制阀片;所述谐振排气管固定于内管下端;所述内管、主进气管、副进气管和谐振排气管的管壁上均分布有谐振孔。
进一步,所述安装架包括车架连接板、排气管抱箍和T型连接件,所述T型连接件包括相互固定的水平板和竖直板;所述竖直板下端与所述排气管抱箍连接;所述水平板通过螺栓连接于车架连接板上,且水平板顶面和底面均设有主动隔振组件;所述主动隔振组件包括隔振环和位于所述隔振环上下两端的电极板;所述隔振环由形状记忆合金的点阵结构制作而成。
进一步,所述***的进气口设有扰流片。
进一步,所述***的排气口设置有火花捕集器。
进一步,所述排气净化装置内的调节块通过刚性座镶嵌于过滤孔内。
进一步,所述安装架的水平板和螺栓的表面与隔振环或电极板接触的区域涂覆有绝缘层。
本发明的有益效果:1.本发明的汽车排气***总成中,微粒捕捉组件的过滤孔内设有磁致伸缩材料制作的调节块;从而可以根据发动机工况主动调整过滤孔径大小,有效提高过滤效果且减小排气阻力。
2.本发明的汽车排气***总成中,在***中设有用于控制其流通截面的控制阀片;车辆正常行驶时,控制阀片常开;当车辆为运动模式时,通过控制阀片的开闭,可以改变***的气体流通截面和背压,从而产生变化的排气音浪,提高车辆运动性。
3.本发明的汽车排气***总成中,安装架设有主动隔振组件,从而可以调节悬架的固有频率和刚度,一方面提高隔振效果,另一方面又能保证排气管安装的可靠性。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
图1为本发明的整体结构示意图;
图2为本发明的排气净化装置的剖视图;
图3为本发明的过滤体的示意图;
图4为本发明的过滤孔的示意图;
图5为本发明的***的示意图;
图6为本发明的安装架的示意图。
具体实施方式
本实施例的汽车排气***总成,包括排气歧管、排气净化装置1、排气管2、***3和安装架;
如图2所示,所述排气净化装置1包括净化器壳体、设置于所述净化器壳体内前端的微粒捕捉组件11和设置于所述净化器壳体内后端的催化转化组件12;所述微粒捕捉组件11包括“井”字形横截面的过滤体,所述过滤体包括两对垂直相交的过滤板14,且过滤板14由导磁材料制作并分布有过滤孔15;所述过滤体形成有九条气流通道,过滤体前端和后端的气流通道口部交错设置有封堵块13,使进入气流通道的气体需通过过滤板14上的过滤孔15后排出;所述过滤孔15为矩形孔,其两侧孔内壁镶嵌有磁致伸缩材料制作的调节块16;所述净化器壳体外缠绕有励磁线圈;对励磁线圈通电后将对调节块16施加轴向磁场,使磁致伸缩材料发生伸缩,进而改变过滤孔15的大小进而调节过滤能力;当发动机在特定工况下生成粒径较大的颗粒物时,励磁线圈不通电或通小电流,此时过滤孔15的孔径大,可降低排气阻力;当发动机在特定工况下生成粒径较小的颗粒物时,励磁线圈通较大电流,此时过滤孔15的孔径大,可提高对颗粒物的过滤质量。
所述催化转化组件12包括载体和涂覆于所述载体的催化剂涂层;其结构和材料均采用现有三元催化器的方式,在此不赘述。
本实施例中,所述***3包括***壳体和设置于所述***壳体内的谐振管;所述***壳体内通过上隔板和下隔板分隔形成进气腔311、排气腔310和中间腔38;***壳体设有与进气腔311连通的进气管31;所述谐振管贯穿排气腔310连通进气腔311和中间腔38;所述下隔板上分布有气流过孔;发动机尾气依次通过进气腔311、谐振管、中间腔38和排气腔310;所述谐振管包括外管35、内管36、主进气管32、副进气管34和谐振排气管37;所述内管36同轴固定于外管35内,使内管36与外管35之间形成环形空腔,内管36中部固定有中间隔板使内管36内部分隔形成上腔和下腔;所述主进气管32、副进气管34由内管36进气端穿过上腔伸入至下腔;所述副进气管34内设有用于控制其流通截面的控制阀片;车辆正常行驶时,控制阀片常开;所述谐振排气管37固定于内管36下端;所述内管36、主进气管32、副进气管34和谐振排气管37的管壁上均分布有谐振孔。当车辆为运动模式时,通过控制阀片的开闭,可以改变***3的气体流通截面和背压,从而产生变化的排气音浪。
本实施例中,所述安装架包括固定于车架的车架连接板、外箍于排气管的排气管抱箍41和连接于抱箍41和车架连接板的T型连接件;所述T型连接件包括相互固定的水平板43和竖直板42;所述竖直板42下端与所述排气管抱箍41连接;所述水平板43通过螺栓连接于车架连接板上,且水平板43顶面和底面均设有主动隔振组件;所述主动隔振组件包括隔振环45和位于所述隔振环45上下两端的电极板44;所述隔振环45由形状记忆合金的点阵结构制作而成。形状记忆合金材料可采用镍钛记忆合金,点阵结构的单胞为体心立方结构;电极板44通过电流对形状记忆合金材料加热以改变其的固有频率和刚度,达到可控的变刚度/频率效果。因此,可以根据排气管自身的振动情况,调节悬架连接的刚度和频率,一方面提高隔振效果,另一方面又能保证排气管安装的可靠性。
本实施例中,所述***3的进气口设有扰流片,扰流片为螺旋叶片结构,使进入***3的气体形成扰流,有利于提高消声效果。
本实施例中,所述***3的排气口39设置有火花捕集器。
本实施例中,所述排气净化装置1内的调节块16通过刚性座镶嵌于过滤孔15内,刚性座可以对调节块16沿横向的伸缩形成约束,使其只能沿着壳体长度方向伸缩。
本实施例中,所述安装架的水平板43和螺栓的表面与隔振环45或电极板44接触的区域涂覆有绝缘层。
最后说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (6)
1.一种汽车排气***总成,其特征在于:包括排气歧管、排气净化装置、排气管、***和安装架;
所述排气净化装置包括净化器壳体、设置于所述净化器壳体内前端的微粒捕捉组件和设置于所述净化器壳体内后端的催化转化组件;所述微粒捕捉组件包括“井”字形横截面的过滤体,所述过滤体包括两对垂直相交的过滤板,且过滤板由导磁材料制作并分布有过滤孔;所述过滤体形成有九条气流通道,过滤体前端和后端的气流通道口部交错设置有封堵块,使进入气流通道的气体需通过过滤板上的过滤孔后排出;所述过滤孔为矩形孔,其两侧孔内壁镶嵌有磁致伸缩材料制作的调节块;所述净化器壳体外缠绕有励磁线圈;
所述催化转化组件包括载体和涂覆于所述载体的催化剂涂层;
所述***包括***壳体和设置于所述***壳体内的谐振管;所述***壳体内通过上隔板和下隔板分隔形成进气腔、排气腔和中间腔;所述谐振管贯穿排气腔连通进气腔和中间腔;所述下隔板上分布有气流过孔;所述谐振管包括外管、内管、主进气管、副进气管和谐振排气管;所述内管同轴固定于外管内,使内管与外管之间形成环形空腔,内管中部固定有中间隔板使内管内部分隔形成上腔和下腔;所述主进气管、副进气管由内管进气端穿过上腔伸入至下腔;所述副进气管内设有用于控制其流通截面的控制阀片;所述谐振排气管固定于内管下端;所述内管、主进气管、副进气管和谐振排气管的管壁上均分布有谐振孔。
2.根据权利要求1所述的汽车排气***总成,其特征在于:所述安装架包括车架连接板、排气管抱箍和T型连接件,所述T型连接件包括相互固定的水平板和竖直板;所述竖直板下端与所述排气管抱箍连接;所述水平板通过螺栓连接于车架连接板上,且水平板顶面和底面均设有主动隔振组件;所述主动隔振组件包括隔振环和位于所述隔振环上下两端的电极板;所述隔振环由形状记忆合金的点阵结构制作而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的汽车排气***总成,其特征在于:所述***的进气口设有扰流片。
4.根据权利要求1所述的汽车排气***总成,其特征在于:所述***的排气口设置有火花捕集器。
5.根据权利要求1所述的汽车排气***总成,其特征在于:所述排气净化装置内的调节块通过刚性座镶嵌于过滤孔内。
6.根据权利要求2所述的汽车排气***总成,其特征在于:所述安装架的水平板和螺栓的表面与隔振环或电极板接触的区域涂覆有绝缘层。
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