CN112337461B - Composite material of strontium doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium, preparation method thereof and application thereof in catalytic oxidation of toluene - Google Patents

Composite material of strontium doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium, preparation method thereof and application thereof in catalytic oxidation of toluene Download PDF

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CN112337461B
CN112337461B CN202011160066.9A CN202011160066A CN112337461B CN 112337461 B CN112337461 B CN 112337461B CN 202011160066 A CN202011160066 A CN 202011160066A CN 112337461 B CN112337461 B CN 112337461B
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toluene
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CN112337461A (en
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路建美
陈冬赟
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Suzhou University
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    • B01J23/64Platinum group metals with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
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Abstract

The invention discloses a strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate supported noble metal palladium composite material, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in catalytic oxidation of toluene, and La (NO) 3 ) 3 ·6H 2 O,Mn(NO 3 ) 2 ,Sr(NO 3 ) 2 As lanthanum source, manganese source and strontium source, silicon template molecular sieve as hard template, citric acid as complexing agent, and evaporating, drying, calcining and sodium hydroxide solution etching to obtain La 1‑ x Sr x MnO 3 A nanotube material; taking La 1‑x Sr x MnO 3 Adding sodium chloropalladate metal precursor as carrier, stirring, solvent thermal evaporating and hydrogen reducing calcining to obtain La with supported palladium 1‑x Sr x MnO 3 Nanotube composites. Pd@La of the invention 1‑x Sr x MnO 3 The introduction of strontium in the composite material increases the content of tetravalent manganese so as to promote the catalytic oxidation of toluene, realize the efficient catalytic oxidation of toluene at a lower temperature, and have good application prospects for degrading the polluted gas toluene discharged in industrial production and life.

Description

Composite material of strontium doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium, preparation method thereof and application thereof in catalytic oxidation of toluene
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nano composite materials, in particular to a strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded noble metal palladium composite material, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in catalytic oxidation of toluene.
Background
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are important precursors that cause atmospheric complex pollution such as urban haze and photochemical pollution, have a great influence on human health and ecological environment, and have attracted extensive attention from government and public. The current treatment method for VOCs mainly comprises the following steps: adsorption, absorption, membrane separation, plasma, photocatalysis, catalytic oxidation, and the like. Among them, the catalytic oxidation method is widely used because it has low operating temperature, high efficiency and low energy consumption, and the key problem of the method is to develop and develop a catalyst with low temperature, high activity, good thermal stability and low cost. Noble metal catalysts have been widely studied for their excellent catalytic performance, but since noble metals are easily agglomerated and deactivated during application, a support having a large surface area and being stable is required to support the noble metal materials.
The perovskite oxide has rich reserves and good oxidation-reduction capability, the surface area of the perovskite oxide is lower due to high calcination temperature in the preparation process of the perovskite oxide, and the valence state of manganese is closely related to the performance of catalytic oxidation of toluene, so that the low-temperature catalysis of toluene is worth intensive research on how to prepare perovskite oxide lanthanum manganate with high surface area, adjust the valence state of manganese and take the perovskite oxide as a carrier for loading a noble metal catalyst.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate composite material loaded with noble metal palladium and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate is prepared by adopting a nano casting method and doped with strontium in different proportions, and the noble metal palladium in different proportions is loaded on the surface of the lanthanum manganate by utilizing a hydrogen reduction method so as to realize efficient catalytic oxidation of toluene.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
the preparation method of the strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate supported noble metal palladium composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding a silicon template into a mixed solution of manganese salt, lanthanum salt, strontium salt and weak acid, and performing evaporation, drying, calcination and alkali solution etching to obtain a strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate material;
(2) And adding palladium salt solution into alcohol containing the strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate material, and obtaining the strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded noble metal palladium composite material through heating reaction and hydrogen reduction calcination.
A method for low temperature catalytic treatment of toluene comprising the steps of:
(1) Adding a silicon template into a mixed solution of manganese salt, lanthanum salt, strontium salt and weak acid, and performing evaporation, drying, calcination and alkali solution etching to obtain a strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate material;
(2) Adding palladium salt solution into alcohol containing strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate material, and obtaining a composite material of the strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded noble metal palladium through heating reaction and reduction;
(3) Putting the strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded noble metal palladium composite material into an environment containing toluene, and heating at a low temperature to complete catalytic oxidation to remove the toluene.
In the invention, manganese salt is manganese nitrate, lanthanum salt is lanthanum nitrate, strontium salt is strontium nitrate, weak acid is citric acid, alkali is sodium hydroxide, and palladium salt is sodium chloropalladate; in the mixed solution of manganese nitrate, lanthanum nitrate, strontium nitrate and citric acid, the solvent is water; in the sodium hydroxide solution and the sodium chloropalladate solution, the solvent is water; the alcohol is ethanol.
In the invention, the evaporating temperature is room temperature, the evaporating time is 10-14 hours, the preferable evaporating temperature is room temperature, and the evaporating time is 12 hours; the drying temperature is 60-100 ℃, the time is 4-8 hours, the preferable drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 6 hours; calcining is carried out in air, wherein the calcining adopts two-stage heating, the heating rate in the first stage is 5 ℃/min, the temperature is 500 ℃, and the time is 5h; the temperature rising rate in the second stage is 5 ℃/min, the temperature is 700 ℃ and the time is 8h; the temperature of the sodium hydroxide solution etching was 70℃for 12 hours.
In the invention, the heating reaction is carried out for 6-10 hours at 50-70 ℃, preferably for 8 hours at 60 ℃, and the solvent is removed simultaneously under the condition of solvent thermal evaporation; reducing to hydrogen, wherein the temperature of the reduction treatment is 230-270 ℃, the time is 1.5-2.5 h, preferably, the reduction is calcining in the presence of hydrogen, the calcining temperature is 250 ℃, the time is 2h, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min.
In the invention, in the step (1), the dosage ratio of the silicon template, the manganese salt, the lanthanum salt, the strontium salt and the weak acid is 1 g:4 mmol (0-3.2 mmol) (0.8-4 mmol) and 4 mmol, and the prepared strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate material is La 1- x Sr x MnO 3 X is 0 to 0.8.
In the invention, the palladium salt and La in the step (2) 1-x Sr x MnO 3 The mass ratio of (1) is (0.01-0.06).
In the invention, silicate reacts with polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer in the presence of water and hydrochloric acid, and then the silicate is calcined to obtain a silicon template; the reaction is carried out for 24 hours at 38 ℃ and then for 24 hours at 110 ℃; calcining at 550 ℃ for 6 hours; further, the silicate is tetraethyl orthosilicate.
According to the invention, the ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate is prepared by adopting a method of taking a silicon template as a hard template, so that the nanotube array structure with higher specific surface area, uniform pore size and good repeatability is obtained, the nanotube array structure can be used as an excellent carrier to load noble metal palladium nano particles, and the higher specific surface area is favorable for carrying out catalytic reaction. The reduction calcination treatment is carried out in a hydrogen atmosphere, noble metal loaded by an impregnation method is reduced into nano particles loaded into the strontium-doped lanthanum manganate nanotube in the calcination, so that nano particles with uniform loading and smaller particle size are formed, and the catalytic degradation of toluene can be promoted. After reduction and calcination treatment, the quantitative strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded noble metal palladium composite material is placed in a toluene environment with a certain concentration, and is heated and catalyzed by a fixed bed reactor, so that toluene is completely catalyzed and oxidized at a low temperature.
The invention further discloses application of the strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded noble metal palladium composite material in low-temperature catalytic oxidation of toluene.
In the method for low-temperature catalytic treatment of toluene, the composite material of the strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium is placed in an environment containing toluene, and a fixed bed reactor is utilized to finish the treatment of toluene, and preferably, the optimal temperature of low-temperature complete catalytic oxidation toluene gas is 150 ℃.
The invention has the advantages that:
the composite material of the strontium doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium has higher specific surface area and uniform pore size, and the doping of strontium is beneficial to the increase of the valence state of manganese; the noble metal palladium nano particles are loaded on the strontium-doped lanthanum manganate, and the interaction between the noble metal and the nano particles can improve the performance of catalyzing toluene, so that the toluene is catalytically oxidized at a lower temperature, and the method has a good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) of a silicon template;
FIG. 2 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) of a silicon template;
FIG. 3 is La 0.8r S 0.2 MnO 3 A Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM);
FIG. 4 is La 0.8r S 0.2 MnO 3 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM);
FIG. 5 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) of an ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate (N-LMO) catalyst;
FIG. 6 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) of a Lanthanum Manganate (LMO) catalyst;
FIG. 7 is a graph of 2wt% Pd@La 0.8r S 0.2 MnO 3 Transmission electron microscope image of composite material(TEM);
FIG. 8 is a graph of 2wt% Pd@La 0.8r S 0.2 MnO 3 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of the composite;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the thermal catalytic effect of a strontium doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate support on toluene gas;
FIG. 10 is a graph of the thermal catalytic effect of a composite material of strontium doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium on toluene gas;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the catalytic performance of lanthanum manganate LMO' synthesized without citric acid added during the preparation process.
Detailed Description
The preparation method of the strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate supported noble metal palladium composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding a silicon template into a mixed solution of manganese nitrate, lanthanum nitrate, strontium nitrate and citric acid, and performing evaporation, drying, calcination and sodium hydroxide solution etching steps to obtain ordered mesoporous perovskite oxide lanthanum manganate (strontium doped);
(2) Adding the sodium chloropalladate solution into lanthanum manganate (strontium doped) which is uniformly dispersed in ethanol solution, and carrying out hydrogen reduction calcination by heating and stirring to obtain the ordered mesoporous perovskite oxide lanthanum manganate loaded noble metal palladium composite material.
The raw materials involved in the invention are all conventional products in the field, and the specific operation method and the testing method are conventional methods in the field.
Example one ordered mesoporous La 0.8r S 0.2 MnO 3 The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
4g of a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer (P123), 130ml of ultrapure water and 20ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid (37 wt%) are mixed, then 8.32g of tetraethyl orthosilicate is added, the mixture is stirred and reacted for 24 hours in a water bath at 38 ℃, after the reaction, the mixture is transferred into a reaction kettle to be subjected to hydrothermal reaction at 110 ℃ for 24 hours, the mixture is naturally cooled to room temperature, filtered by suction and washed to be neutral, dried at 80 ℃, and calcined at 10 ℃/min from room temperature to 550 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain a product silicon template.
3.2 mmol of La (NO 3 ) 3 ·6H 2 O,4 mmol Mn(NO 3 ) 2 ,0.8 mmol Sr(NO 3 ) 2 Dissolving in 5ml distilled water and 15ml absolute ethanol to obtain a uniform solution, adding 4 mmol citric acid into the solution, mixing for 1 hour at room temperature, adding 1g silicon template, and mixing for 12 hours; the solution was then dried in an oven at 80 ℃ for 6 hours, after sufficient grinding, calcined in a muffle furnace at 500 ℃ for 5h, and then heated to 700 ℃ for 8 h. The heating rate was 5 deg.c/min throughout the heating process. Finally, dispersing the obtained solid product in 2M NaOH solution, refluxing for 6 h at 70 ℃ to obtain ordered mesoporous Kong Cansi lanthanum manganate serving as La 0.8 Sr 0.2 MnO 3 A carrier.
FIG. 1 is a TEM image of a silicon template, FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a silicon template, FIG. 3 is La 0.8r S 0.2 MnO 3 Is a TEM image of La of FIG. 4 0.8r S 0.2 MnO 3 SEM images of (a). The tubular duct structure can be seen from the figure, and the distribution is more uniform.
Modification of La (NO) 3 ) 3 ·6H 2 O、Sr(NO 3 ) 2 In the same manner, la was obtained 0.5 Sr 0.5 MnO 3 Carrier, la 0.2 Sr 0.8 MnO 3 A carrier.
Example two Lanthanum Manganate (LMO) and nano-cast lanthanum manganate (N-LMO) were prepared as follows:
4 mmol of La (NO) 3 ) 3 ·6H 2 O,4 mmol Mn(NO 3 ) 2 Dissolving in 5ml distilled water and 15ml absolute ethanol to obtain a uniform solution, adding 4 mmol citric acid into the solution, mixing for 1 hour at room temperature, drying the solution in an oven at 80 ℃ for 6 hours, calcining for 5h at 500 ℃ in a muffle furnace after fully grinding, and heating to 700 ℃ to calcine for 8 h. The heating rate was 5 deg.c/min throughout the heating process. Lanthanum manganate is obtained as LaMnO 3 A carrier (LMO).
4 mmol of La (NO) 3 ) 3 ·6H 2 O,4 mmol Mn(NO 3 ) 2 Dissolving in waterDissolving in 5ml distilled water and 15ml absolute ethanol to obtain a uniform solution, adding 4 mmol citric acid into the solution, mixing for 1 hour at room temperature, adding 1g silicon template, and mixing for 12 hours; the solution was then dried in an oven at 80 ℃ for 6 hours, after sufficient grinding, calcined in a muffle furnace at 500 ℃ for 5h, and then heated to 700 ℃ for 8 h. The heating rate was 5 deg.c/min throughout the heating process. Finally, dispersing the obtained solid product in 2M NaOH solution, refluxing for 6 h at 70 ℃ to obtain ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate serving as LaMnO 3 Vector (N-LMO).
Fig. 5 is an SEM image of an ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate (N-LMO) catalyst, and fig. 6 is an SEM image of a Lanthanum Manganate (LMO) catalyst.
The preparation method of the composite material of the three-strontium doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium comprises the following specific steps:
an amount of sodium chloropalladate solution (1 wt%, 2wt%, 4wt%, 6wt%, la 0.8 Sr 0.2 MnO 3 Carriers base) was added to 120mg La dispersed in 15mL ethanol 0.8 Sr 0.2 MnO 3 In the carrier, the mixture was magnetically stirred at 60℃for 8 hours to give a black powder, and the black powder was stirred at 10vol% H 2 /N 2 Calcining in atmosphere at 250 ℃ for 2h at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min to obtain the composite material of the strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded noble metal palladium, wherein the palladium loading mass accounts for La 0.8 Sr 0.2 MnO 3 2% of the sample was recorded as 2wt% Pd La 0.8r S 0.2 MnO 3
Fig. 7 is a TEM image of a composite material of strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium, and fig. 8 is an SEM image of a composite material of strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium. From the graph, the morphology of the perovskite oxide is well controlled, and the perovskite oxide is not obviously changed after being loaded with noble metal.
In the fourth embodiment, lanthanum manganate is synthesized under the condition of no citric acid, and the specific steps are as follows:
4 mmol of La (NO) 3 ) 3 ·6H 2 O,4 mmol Mn(NO 3 ) 2 Dissolving in 5ml distilled water and 15ml absolute ethanol to obtain a uniform solution, then drying the solution in an oven at 80 ℃ for 6 hours, calcining 5h in a muffle furnace at 500 ℃ after fully grinding, and then heating to 700 ℃ to calcine 8 h. The heating rate was 5 deg.c/min throughout the heating process. Lanthanum manganate nanoparticles were obtained, denoted LMO'.
The thermal catalysis conditions of the composite material of the five-strontium doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium on toluene gas are as follows: toluene concentration was 50 ppm and the amount of catalyst was 50 mg, and the catalyst was fixed on a fixed bed reactor through a U-tube, and the catalytic effect of the composite material on toluene gas under heating was analyzed by gas chromatography.
Fig. 9 is a graph of the thermal catalytic effect of strontium doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate carrier on toluene gas. FIG. 10 is a graph of the thermal catalytic effect of a composite material of strontium doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium on toluene gas. FIG. 11 is a graph showing the catalytic performance of lanthanum manganate LMO' synthesized without citric acid added during the preparation process. As can be seen from fig. 9 and 10, the present invention can be applied to toluene conversion at lower temperatures. The toluene pollution in the air mainly comes from building materials, interior decoration materials and articles for life and offices, outdoor industrial waste gas, automobile exhaust, photochemical smog and the like, the specific toluene catalytic effect is analyzed by gas chromatography, and the calculation method of the toluene conversion rate is as shown in equation (1):
C 0 and C is the initial and test concentrations of toluene in the experiment (once every 15 minutes).
FIG. 9 is a comparison of the catalytic effect of strontium doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate carrier on toluene gas, and it can be seen that the introduction of strontium significantly reduces the catalytic reaction temperature; fig. 10 is a graph of the thermal catalytic effect of a composite material of strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium on toluene gas, wherein the noble metal loading further reduces the catalytic temperature, which illustrates that the strong interaction between the noble metal and perovskite oxide can promote the degradation of toluene, and the complete conversion of toluene can be realized at 150 ℃. Comparing fig. 9 with fig. 11, it can be seen that the addition of citric acid favors the catalytic oxidation of toluene.
Through the analysis, the technical scheme of the invention is shown that the morphology of lanthanum manganate can be successfully controlled, the valence state of manganese can be adjusted by introducing strontium with different proportions into lanthanum manganate, the strontium-doped lanthanum manganate with higher specific surface area can be used as a good carrier to uniformly load noble metal palladium nano particles, the stability and the efficiency of the catalyst are improved under the interaction of the carrier and noble metal, the toluene is catalytically oxidized at a lower temperature, and the catalyst has good application prospect in the practical application process.

Claims (5)

1. The preparation method of the strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate-loaded noble metal palladium composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Reacting silicate with polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer in the presence of water and hydrochloric acid, and calcining to obtain a silicon template; adding a silicon template into a mixed solution of manganese salt, lanthanum salt, strontium salt and weak acid, and performing evaporation, drying, calcination and alkali solution etching to obtain a strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate material;
(2) Adding palladium salt solution into alcohol containing strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate material, and obtaining the composite material of the strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded noble metal palladium through heating reaction and hydrogen reduction calcination;
the manganese salt is manganese nitrate, the lanthanum salt is lanthanum nitrate, the strontium salt is strontium nitrate, the weak acid is citric acid, the alkali is sodium hydroxide, and the palladium salt is sodium chloropalladate; the dosage ratio of the silicon template, the manganese salt, the lanthanum salt, the strontium salt and the weak acid is 1 g:4 mmol, 3.2 mmol and 0.8mmol and 4 mmol; palladium salt and La 1-x Sr x MnO 3 The mass ratio of (2) is 0.02:1;
the evaporating temperature is room temperature and the evaporating time is 10-14 hours; the drying temperature is 60-100 ℃ and the drying time is 4-8 hours; the calcination is carried out in air, and the calcination adopts two-stage heating.
2. The composite material of the strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium according to claim 1, wherein the heating reaction is carried out for 6-10 hours at 50-70 ℃.
3. The composite material of the strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium according to claim 1, wherein the reduction is carried out by hydrogen, the temperature during the reduction is 230-270 ℃ and the time is 1.5-2.5 h.
4. The composite material of the strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by application in low-temperature catalytic oxidation of toluene; the low-temperature heating temperature is 140-160 ℃.
5. A method for low-temperature catalytic treatment of toluene is characterized in that a composite material of strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium according to claim 1 is placed in an environment containing toluene, heated at low temperature and catalytic oxidation is completed to remove toluene; the low-temperature heating temperature is 140-160 ℃.
CN202011160066.9A 2020-10-26 2020-10-26 Composite material of strontium doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium, preparation method thereof and application thereof in catalytic oxidation of toluene Active CN112337461B (en)

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CN202011160066.9A CN112337461B (en) 2020-10-26 2020-10-26 Composite material of strontium doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganate loaded with noble metal palladium, preparation method thereof and application thereof in catalytic oxidation of toluene
PCT/CN2021/141006 WO2022089669A1 (en) 2020-10-26 2021-12-23 Composite material of strontium-doped ordered mesoporous lanthanum manganite loaded with precious metal palladium, and preparation method therefor and use thereof in catalytic oxidation of toluene

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