CN112337403B - Surface-enhanced three-ridge special-shaped polycrystalline diamond compact and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Surface-enhanced three-ridge special-shaped polycrystalline diamond compact and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112337403B CN112337403B CN202011220068.2A CN202011220068A CN112337403B CN 112337403 B CN112337403 B CN 112337403B CN 202011220068 A CN202011220068 A CN 202011220068A CN 112337403 B CN112337403 B CN 112337403B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/06—Processes using ultra-high pressure, e.g. for the formation of diamonds; Apparatus therefor, e.g. moulds or dies
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
Abstract
The surface-enhanced three-ridge special-shaped polycrystalline diamond compact consists of a CVD polycrystalline diamond strip block, a polycrystalline diamond layer and a tungsten carbide-cobalt hard alloy layer, and the preparation method comprises the steps of cutting the CVD polycrystalline diamond film, compacting with diamond micro powder and a tungsten carbide-cobalt hard alloy cylindrical blank according to a herringbone shape, sintering at high temperature and high pressure, machining and the like. The diamond compact prepared by the invention has the advantages of high wear resistance, strong cutting capability, long service life and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of superhard materials, and particularly relates to a three-ridge special-shaped Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) which is applied to industries such as petroleum drilling, geological exploration, coal field drilling and production drill bits, machining tools and the like and internally provided with a hot-pressing sintering Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) polycrystalline diamond strip and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The polycrystalline diamond compact bit has wide application in the aspect of drilling of petroleum and natural gas, along with the gradual reduction of conventional petroleum and natural gas exploitation resources, the rapid development of shale oil and shale gas is a great trend in the future, and the difficult-to-exploit geology such as shale oil and shale gas has higher and higher requirements on the performance of the PDC bit.
The PDC is formed by sintering diamond micro powder and a hard alloy matrix (tungsten carbide-cobalt) at high temperature and high pressure, the diamond micro powder is sintered into a diamond layer, the diamond layer has ultrahigh hardness and wear resistance of diamond, and the hard alloy matrix has sinterability and is convenient to apply to various different working environments.
Cobalt in the hard alloy matrix seeps out of the matrix at high temperature and high pressure and penetrates through the diamond micro powder, the contact parts of diamond grains are melted into the cobalt liquid, and after the temperature is reduced, carbon atoms melted into the cobalt liquid grow into a diamond structure again, so that the diamond grains are firmly combined to form polycrystalline diamond.
The very important performance parameters of polycrystalline diamond compacts are wear resistance and impact resistance, both of which are very related to the bond strength between the diamond grains. The larger the contact area between the diamond grains, the more firmly the diamond grains are bonded, and the lower the wear rate of the compact.
The traditional method is difficult to further improve the connection strength between diamond grains, and the wear resistance of the diamond compact is further improved by protecting and enhancing the diamond compact at the stressed edge.
Compared with polycrystalline diamond, the CVD polycrystalline diamond film has more firm and compact combination of crystal grains and higher wear resistance, and can reduce the wear rate of the special-shaped diamond composite piece after being used as a cutting edge tool bit of the special-shaped diamond composite piece after being machined, thereby greatly prolonging the service life of the special-shaped diamond composite piece.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a brand new formula and a brand new process, wherein three Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) polycrystalline diamond bar blocks are sintered in a traditional three-ridge special-shaped Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) in a hot pressing mode to protect and enhance edges, and the wear rate of the edges of the special-shaped polycrystalline diamond compact is further reduced. Three CVD polycrystalline diamond bars with the same size form a herringbone shape with an included angle of 120 degrees, and are sintered and wrapped in the polycrystalline diamond layer under the conditions that the pressure is more than or equal to 5.5GP and the temperature is more than or equal to 1400 ℃. In the high-temperature high-pressure sintering process, the mixture of the diamond micro powder, the cobalt and the tungsten carbide in a fluid state and the CVD polycrystalline diamond strip are tightly wrapped, and a firm D-D bond connection is formed between the two. The polycrystalline diamond layer on the top of the PDC is formed into three sectors by mechanical processing, and three CVD polycrystalline diamond strips arranged in a herringbone shape are used as three ridges, so that the special-shaped PDC has better cutting capability and longer service life under the working condition of ultrahigh load.
The technical problem is solved by the following technical scheme:
a surface-enhanced three-ridge special-shaped polycrystalline diamond compact is composed of a CVD polycrystalline diamond strip block, a polycrystalline diamond layer and a tungsten carbide-cobalt hard alloy layer, wherein the CVD polycrystalline diamond strip block is sintered and wrapped in the polycrystalline diamond layer, the polycrystalline diamond layer is sintered on the tungsten carbide-cobalt hard alloy layer, the CVD polycrystalline diamond strip block is three CVD polycrystalline diamond strip blocks with the same size, a herringbone shape is formed by 120-degree included angles, the CVD polycrystalline diamond strip blocks are wrapped and sintered in the polycrystalline diamond layer under the conditions that the pressure is not less than 5.5GP and the temperature is not less than 1400 ℃, the polycrystalline diamond layers among the three CVD polycrystalline diamond strip blocks are formed into three fan shapes through mechanical processing, and the three CVD polycrystalline diamond strip blocks arranged in the herringbone shape are used as three ridges.
Preferably, the thicknesses of the polycrystalline diamond layer and the tungsten carbide-cobalt hard alloy layer are respectively 2mm and 11 mm.
A preparation method of a surface-enhanced three-ridge special-shaped polycrystalline diamond compact comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a CVD polycrystalline diamond film with a uniform and complete surface;
(2) placing the CVD polycrystalline diamond film in the step (1) on a sample table of a laser cutting machine, and cutting a diamond film sheet by laser to obtain three CVD polycrystalline diamond strips with the size of a multiplied by b multiplied by c as a tool bit;
(3) placing the three CVD polycrystalline diamond strips in the step (2) in the center of the cup bottom of a high-temperature-resistant and high-pressure-resistant metal round cup in a herringbone mode, wherein every two strips are provided with a c-direction edge which is mutually contacted, the included angle of the b-direction edges of every two strips is 120 degrees, the centers surrounded by the three strips are superposed with the center of the cup bottom of the metal round cup, all the c-direction edges are vertical to the plane of the cup bottom, then placing diamond micro powder with the grain size of less than or equal to 50 mu m, completely covering the three CVD polycrystalline diamond strips placed at the cup bottom with the diamond micro powder, compacting the powder, and finally placing a tungsten carbide-cobalt hard alloy cylindrical blank;
(4) putting the CVD polycrystalline diamond strip block, the diamond micro powder and the tungsten carbide-cobalt hard alloy which are compacted and formed together with the metal round cup into a carbon heating pipe, putting the carbon heating pipe into a pyrophyllite block, putting the pyrophyllite block into high-temperature and high-pressure equipment, boosting the pressure to be more than 5.5GPa, heating to be more than 1400 ℃, and keeping the pressure and the temperature for 300-1000 seconds;
(5) stopping heating, reducing the pressure, and reducing the temperature of the equipment to room temperature and the pressure to the standard atmospheric pressure; taking out the pyrophyllite blocks from the high-temperature and high-pressure equipment, and removing the pyrophyllite blocks, the carbon heating pipes and the metal round cups outside the sintered body to obtain the polycrystalline diamond compact with the internal part being the hot-pressing sintering CVD polycrystalline diamond strip blocks;
(6) and (4) machining the composite sheet obtained in the step (5), machining the polycrystalline diamond layer on the surface of the composite sheet into three fan-shaped parts, and taking three CVD polycrystalline diamond strips arranged in a herringbone shape as three ridges to obtain the three-ridge special-shaped polycrystalline diamond composite sheet with the interior being the hot-pressed and sintered CVD polycrystalline diamond strips.
The CVD polycrystalline diamond film described in step (1) may be prepared by, but not limited to, methods well known in the art, such as a hot filament method, a plasma enhanced hot cathode method, a microwave plasma method, and a microwave plasma torch method.
The thickness a of the CVD polycrystalline diamond film in the step (1) is 1000-1500 mu m.
The grain size of the CVD polycrystalline diamond film in the step (1) is 1-100 mu m.
The mechanical processing method described in step (6) may be, but is not limited to, a method well-known in the art such as grinding and polishing, laser cutting, and the like.
The mechanical processing in the step (6) is specifically to remove the redundant parts of the cylindrical diamond polycrystalline layer by using a well-established method in the field such as grinding, polishing, laser cutting and the like to form an inclined sector, three CVD polycrystalline diamond bars wrapped in the diamond polycrystalline layer are used as three mutually coincident radiuses of the three sectors, and the length of the radius of the sector is greater than b and less than or equal to (b)2+c2)1/2And the included angle between the plane of each fan and the plane of the top of the diamond polycrystalline layer is more than 0 DEG and less than or equal to arctan (c/b).
Has the advantages that:
1. three chemical vapor deposition polycrystalline diamond bars are sintered in the polycrystalline diamond compact in a hot pressing manner to enhance the wear resistance and the cutting capacity of the polycrystalline diamond compact;
2. the polycrystalline diamond compact is machined to form a three-ridge special-shaped diamond compact, and the edge of the polycrystalline diamond compact is a CVD polycrystalline diamond bar tool bit, so that the polycrystalline diamond compact has a longer service life.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a three-ridge special-shaped polycrystalline diamond compact with a hot-pressed sintered CVD polycrystalline diamond bar inside.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the composite sheet.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the composite sheet.
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of three CVD polycrystalline diamond bars arranged in a herringbone 120-degree included angle.
Fig. 5 is a top view of a diamond bar block.
Detailed Description
The process of the present invention is further described in detail by the following preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and the examples are only illustrative and not restrictive.
Example 1
One piece of CVD polycrystalline diamond film with uniform and complete surface, thickness of 1000 μm and grain size of 50 μm is selected, and the piece is mixed with one tungsten carbide-cobalt hard alloy cylindrical blank phi 16.45 x 12mm with cobalt content of 15% (mass ratio).
Placing the selected CVD polycrystalline diamond film on a sample platform of a laser cutting machine, cutting the diamond film into three strips by laser, wherein the width a of the processed polycrystalline diamond strips is 1000 micrometers, the length b is 7.94mm, and the height c is 2 mm.
And (3) putting 1.9g of diamond micro powder (with the granularity of 8-15 microns) and the CVD polycrystalline diamond strip block into absolute ethyl alcohol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation cleaning for 15 minutes, and then putting into an oven for drying at 80 ℃. The CVD polycrystalline diamond boule was then placed in a zirconium cup of 16.50X 10mm diameter with the powder in sequence. The three CVD polycrystalline diamond strips are integrally placed in the center of the cup bottom in a herringbone mode, wherein the edges c are mutually contacted, the contact center is superposed with the circle center of the circular cup bottom, the edges c are perpendicular to the plane of the cup bottom, the included angles of the edges b are mutually 120 degrees, and one surface formed by the edges a and b is contacted with the cup bottom. The perspective view is shown in fig. 4, and the top view is shown in fig. 5. The diamond micropowder should completely cover three pieces of CVD polycrystalline diamond bars placed on the bottom of the cup. The powder is compacted and then the cemented carbide (tungsten carbide-cobalt) cylindrical blank is placed.
The metal cup is placed in a carbon heating tube and in a pyrophyllite block, which is then placed in a high temperature and high pressure apparatus. The pressure was gradually increased from atmospheric pressure to 7GPa and the heating temperature was raised to 1500 c for 500 seconds. In the high-temperature high-pressure sintering process of the PDC, the fluid diamond micro powder, cobalt and tungsten carbide mixture wraps three CVD polycrystalline diamond strips which are arranged in a herringbone mode and have included angles of 120 degrees, and firm D-D bond connection is formed between the three CVD polycrystalline diamond strips and the diamond strips. The heating was stopped, the pressure was reduced to atmospheric pressure, and the temperature was reduced to room temperature. And removing the pyrophyllite block, the carbon heating pipe and the metal round cup outside the sintered body to obtain the three-ridge special-shaped polycrystalline diamond compact with the interior being the hot-pressing sintered CVD polycrystalline diamond strip block.
And carrying out laser cutting, grinding and polishing on the polycrystalline diamond compact with the internal hot-pressing sintered CVD polycrystalline diamond bars, processing and forming the polycrystalline diamond layer on the surface of the PDC into three sectors, and taking the three CVD polycrystalline diamond bars arranged in a herringbone shape as three radiuses of the three sectors which are mutually overlapped to obtain the three-ridge special-shaped polycrystalline diamond compact with the internal hot-pressing sintered CVD polycrystalline diamond bars. The size of the polycrystalline diamond layer is phi 16 multiplied by 13mm, the height c of the polycrystalline diamond layer is 2mm, the thickness of the hard alloy substrate is 11mm, the radius of the sector is 8.24mm, and the included angle between the plane of the sector and the plane of the bottom of the polycrystalline diamond layer is 14 degrees. The finished surface-enhanced three-ridge special-shaped polycrystalline diamond compact is shown in fig. 1 in a perspective view, in a side view in fig. 2, and in a top view in fig. 3.
The polycrystalline diamond layer and the hard alloy (tungsten carbide-cobalt) layer are firmly sintered without cracks and delamination, the CVD polycrystalline diamond bar-shaped cutter head is wrapped inside the polycrystalline diamond layer, a firm D-D key connection is formed between the polycrystalline diamond layer and the CVD polycrystalline diamond bar-shaped cutter head, the connection is tight, and the CVD polycrystalline diamond bar-shaped cutter head is free of air holes, edges and cracks.
In the samples prepared in this example, the edges were CVD polycrystalline diamond with tightly connected grains, and the diamond grains of the polycrystalline diamond layer had more microscopic pores. The components and structures of the edge of the special-shaped PDC which is not subjected to edge protection enhancement and is produced by the same formula and the same process are the same as those of the rest parts of the polycrystalline layer, and more microscopic pores exist, so that the protection enhancement of the edge can improve the wear resistance of the special-shaped PDC, and the special-shaped PDC has longer service life.
Claims (3)
1. A surface-enhanced three-ridge special-shaped polycrystalline diamond compact is composed of a CVD polycrystalline diamond strip block, a polycrystalline diamond layer and a tungsten carbide-cobalt hard alloy layer, wherein the CVD polycrystalline diamond strip block is sintered and wrapped in the polycrystalline diamond layer, the polycrystalline diamond layer is sintered on the tungsten carbide-cobalt hard alloy layer, the CVD polycrystalline diamond strip block is three CVD polycrystalline diamond strip blocks with the same size, a herringbone shape is formed by 120-degree included angles, the CVD polycrystalline diamond strip blocks are wrapped and sintered in the polycrystalline diamond layer under the conditions that the pressure is not less than 5.5GP and the temperature is not less than 1400 ℃, the polycrystalline diamond layers among the three CVD polycrystalline diamond strip blocks are formed into three fan shapes through mechanical processing, and the three CVD polycrystalline diamond strip blocks arranged in the herringbone shape are used as three ridges.
2. The surface-enhanced three-ridge profiled polycrystalline diamond compact of claim 1, wherein the thicknesses of the polycrystalline diamond layer and the tungsten carbide-cobalt hard alloy layer are 2mm and 11mm, respectively.
3. A method of making the surface-enhanced, triple-ridge, profiled polycrystalline diamond compact of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) selecting a CVD polycrystalline diamond film with a uniform and complete surface;
(2) placing the CVD polycrystalline diamond film in the step (1) on a sample table of a laser cutting machine, and cutting a diamond film sheet by laser to obtain three CVD polycrystalline diamond strips with the size of a multiplied by b multiplied by c as a tool bit; wherein a =1000 μm, b =7.94mm, c =2 mm;
(3) placing the three CVD polycrystalline diamond strips in the step (2) in the center of the cup bottom of a high-temperature-resistant and high-pressure-resistant metal round cup in a herringbone mode, wherein every two strips are provided with a c-direction edge which is mutually contacted, the included angle of the b-direction edges of every two strips is 120 degrees, the centers surrounded by the three strips are superposed with the center of the cup bottom of the metal round cup, all the c-direction edges are vertical to the plane of the cup bottom, then placing diamond micro powder with the grain size of less than or equal to 50 mu m, completely covering the three CVD polycrystalline diamond strips placed at the cup bottom with the diamond micro powder, compacting the powder, and finally placing a tungsten carbide-cobalt hard alloy cylindrical blank;
(4) putting the CVD polycrystalline diamond strip block, the diamond micro powder and the tungsten carbide-cobalt hard alloy which are compacted and formed together with the metal round cup into a carbon heating pipe, putting the carbon heating pipe into a pyrophyllite block, putting the pyrophyllite block into high-temperature and high-pressure equipment, boosting the pressure to be more than 5.5GPa, heating to be more than 1400 ℃, and keeping the pressure and the temperature for 300-1000 seconds;
(5) stopping heating, reducing the pressure, and reducing the temperature of the equipment to room temperature and the pressure to the standard atmospheric pressure; taking out the pyrophyllite blocks from the high-temperature and high-pressure equipment, and removing the pyrophyllite blocks, the carbon heating pipes and the metal round cups outside the sintered body to obtain the polycrystalline diamond compact with the internal part being the hot-pressing sintering CVD polycrystalline diamond strip blocks;
(6) and (4) machining the composite sheet obtained in the step (5), machining the polycrystalline diamond layer on the surface of the composite sheet into three fan-shaped parts, and taking three CVD polycrystalline diamond strips arranged in a herringbone shape as three ridges to obtain the three-ridge special-shaped polycrystalline diamond composite sheet with the interior being the hot-pressed and sintered CVD polycrystalline diamond strips.
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| US6344149B1 (en) * | 1998-11-10 | 2002-02-05 | Kennametal Pc Inc. | Polycrystalline diamond member and method of making the same |
| US6322891B1 (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2001-11-27 | General Electric Company | Thermally-diffused boron diamond and its production |
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| EP3261837A1 (en) * | 2015-02-28 | 2018-01-03 | Element Six (UK) Limited | Superhard constructions&methods of making same |
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