CN112326447B - Slope top triangular transformation stacking device and method for simulating push type landslide evolution - Google Patents
Slope top triangular transformation stacking device and method for simulating push type landslide evolution Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a slope top triangular conversion stacking device and a method for simulating the evolution of a pushing type landslide. The guide pulley supports connecting wire and down tube and keeps the level, the displacement volume of displacement controller accurate control connecting wire, put into landslide model bedrock and landslide body in the shell, then set up the heavy object on the triangle conversion piece, and control displacement controller and release fixed displacement, so that bulldozing case promotes the landslide body, change different heavy objects and apply respectively and record the speckle image, thereby can study loading power and slip relation, can accurate control gliding force, make to measure more accurately.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of push type landslide model tests, in particular to a slope top triangular transformation stacking device and method for simulating push type landslide evolution.
Background
Landslide geological disasters in China are widely distributed, landslide instability damage is a common engineering problem, and most of the landslide instability damage is not integral damage which occurs suddenly and instantly but a gradual damage process from local damage development to communication. The development of landslide evolution process research has important significance on the cognition of landslide geological transformation effect in different periods, the prediction and forecast of development change trend and the design of treatment engineering measures.
The gliding force of the existing device is difficult to control in the landslide evolution process, so that the soil deformation is difficult to accurately measure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a slope top triangular transformation stacking device and method for simulating the evolution of a push type landslide, and aims to solve the problem that the sliding force is not easy to control in the conventional test mode, so that the deformation of a soil body is difficult to measure.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a slope roof triangular transformation stacking device for simulating the evolution of a push-type landslide, comprising a support assembly, a loading assembly and a control assembly, wherein the support assembly comprises a housing, an upright rod and an inclined rod, the upright rod is fixedly connected with the housing and is located in the housing, the inclined rod is rotatably connected with the housing and is rotatably connected with the upright rod, the loading assembly comprises a linear guide rail, a soil pushing box, a triangular transformation block and a heavy object, the linear guide rail is fixedly connected with the inclined rod and is located at one side of the inclined rod close to the upright rod, the soil pushing box is slidably connected with the linear guide rail and is located at one side of the linear guide rail, the triangular transformation block is slidably connected with the linear guide rail and is located at one side of the soil pushing box, and the heavy object is fixedly connected with the soil pushing box, the control assembly comprises a connecting wire, a guide wheel and a displacement controller, the guide wheel is fixedly connected with the inclined rod and is positioned on one side of the inclined rod close to the linear guide rail, the connecting wire is fixedly connected with the triangular conversion block and penetrates through the guide wheel, and the displacement controller is fixedly connected with the shell, is positioned on one side of the shell and is fixedly connected with the connecting wire.
Wherein, the pole setting includes pole setting body, screw rod and adapter sleeve, the screw rod with the pole setting body rotates to be connected, and is located one side of pole setting body, the adapter sleeve with screw rod threaded connection, the screw rod passes the adapter sleeve, the down tube includes down tube body and bull stick, the bull stick with the adapter sleeve rotates to be connected, and with down tube body sliding connection.
Wherein, the shell has the scale mark, the scale mark is located the shell is close to one side of pole setting.
The loading assembly further comprises a bearing platform, and the bearing platform is fixedly connected with the triangular conversion block and is positioned between the triangular conversion block and the heavy object.
The soil pushing box is provided with a first groove, and the first groove is positioned on one side, close to the linear guide rail, of the soil pushing box.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a slope top triangular transformation stacking method for simulating a migration type landslide evolution, including: fixing the inclination angle of the diagonal rod; sequentially filling the landslide model bedrock and the landslide mass into the shell, and enabling the soil pushing box to be in contact with the test soil; selecting a plurality of weights according to the experimental scale, and setting the weights as N-level stacking; carrying out primary stacking on the triangular transfer block, moving the fixed displacement to release a primary load, recording the displacement, and collecting a speckle image; resetting the displacement controller; carrying out N + 1-level stacking by using a triangular transfer block, moving a fixed displacement to release a load once, recording the displacement, and collecting a speckle image; and analyzing the speckle images in the transparent soil.
Wherein the fixed displacement is 1 mm.
The slope top triangular conversion stacking device and the method for simulating the push type landslide evolution have the advantages that the vertical rod is fixedly connected with the shell, the inclined rod is rotatably connected with the shell, landslide model bedrocks can be contained in the shell, and a landslide model sliding body is placed on the basis of the inclined rod; the linear guide rail is fixedly connected with the inclined rod, the soil pushing box is connected with the linear guide rail in a sliding mode, so that the soil pushing box can slide relative to the linear guide rail, the triangular conversion block is connected with the linear guide rail in a sliding mode, the heavy object is fixedly connected with the soil pushing box, and the heavy object placed on the triangular conversion block can convert vertical downward gravity into thrust; the guide wheel is fixedly connected with the inclined rod, the connecting wire is fixedly connected with the triangular conversion block, the displacement controller is fixedly connected with the shell and fixedly connected with the connecting wire, the connecting wire is supported by the guide wheel, so that the connecting wire and the inclined rod are kept horizontal, and the displacement controller can accurately control the displacement of the connecting wire. A landslide model bedrock and a landslide slope body are placed in the shell, then a weight is arranged on the triangular conversion block, the displacement controller is controlled to release fixed displacement, so that the soil pushing box moves under the action of gravity to push the landslide slope body, then the weights with different weights can be used for applying respectively, speckle images are recorded, and therefore the loading force and the sliding relation can be researched. Therefore, the problem that the glide force is not easy to control in the existing testing mode, so that the soil deformation is difficult to measure is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a slope top triangular transformation stacking device for simulating the evolution of a push-type landslide;
FIG. 2 is a first cross-sectional view of a slope top triangular transformation stacking device for simulating the evolution of a push-type landslide according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a second cross-sectional view of a slope top triangular transformation stacking device for simulating the evolution of the push-type landslide according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of a slope top triangular conversion stacking device for simulating the evolution of a push-type landslide at a control assembly according to the invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a slope top triangular transformation stacking method for simulating the evolution of the push-type landslide.
FIG. 6 is a displacement diagram of landslide soil bodies loaded at different levels along the direction of a sliding surface.
1-supporting component, 2-loading component, 3-control component, 11-shell, 12-vertical rod, 13-diagonal rod, 21-linear guide rail, 22-soil pushing box, 23-triangular conversion block, 24-weight, 25-bearing table, 31-connecting line, 32-guide wheel, 33-displacement controller, 111-graduation line, 121-vertical rod body, 122-screw rod, 123-connecting sleeve, 131-diagonal rod body, 132-rotating rod, 221-first groove, 222-protrusion, 321-wheel body, 322-bracket and 323-fine adjustment screw rod.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Further, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In a first aspect, referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a slope top triangular transformation stacking apparatus for simulating a migration-type landslide evolution, including:
the supporting component 1 comprises a shell 11, an upright rod 12 and an inclined rod 13, the upright rod 12 is fixedly connected with the shell 11 and is positioned in the shell 11, the inclined rod 13 is rotatably connected with the shell 11 and is rotatably connected with the upright rod 12, the loading component 2 comprises a linear guide rail 21, a soil pushing box 22, a triangular conversion block 23 and a heavy object 24, the linear guide rail 21 is fixedly connected with the inclined rod 13 and is positioned on one side of the inclined rod 13 close to the upright rod 12, the soil pushing box 22 is slidably connected with the linear guide rail 21 and is positioned on one side of the linear guide rail 21, the triangular conversion block 23 is slidably connected with the linear guide rail 21 and is positioned on one side of the soil pushing box 22, the heavy object 24 is fixedly connected with the soil pushing box 22 and is positioned on one side of the soil pushing box 22 far away from the linear guide rail 21, the control assembly 3 comprises a connecting wire 31, a guide wheel 32 and a displacement controller 33, the guide wheel 32 is fixedly connected with the inclined rod 13 and is positioned at one side of the inclined rod 13 close to the linear guide rail 21, the connecting wire 31 is fixedly connected with the triangular conversion block 23 and passes through the guide wheel 32, and the displacement controller 33 is fixedly connected with the shell 11, is positioned at one side of the shell 11 and is fixedly connected with the connecting wire 31.
In this embodiment, the supporting assembly 1 includes a housing 11, an upright rod 12 and a diagonal rod 13, the upright rod 12 is fixedly connected with the housing 11 and is located in the housing 11, the diagonal rod 13 is rotatably connected with the housing 11 and is rotatably connected with the upright rod 12, a landslide model bedrock can be placed in the housing 11, and a landslide model sliding body can be placed on the basis of the diagonal rod 13; the loading assembly 2 comprises a linear guide rail 21, a bulldozer box 22, a triangular conversion block 23 and a heavy object 24, the linear guide rail 21 is fixedly connected with the inclined rod 13 and is positioned on one side of the inclined rod 13 close to the upright rod 12, the linear guide rail 21 adopts a ball type linear slide rail produced by silver-feeding science and technology limited company, 4 rows of steel balls are used for bearing load, the linear guide rail 21 has high rigidity, can bear larger load and can enable 4 directions to bear load equally, the linear guide rail has an automatic aligning function, can absorb assembly errors and meet high-precision requirements, the soil pushing box 22 is slidably connected with the linear guide rail 21 and is positioned on one side of the linear guide rail 21, so that the soil pushing box 22 can slide relative to the linear guide rail 21, the triangular conversion block 23 is slidably connected with the linear guide rail 21 and is positioned on one side of the soil pushing box 22, and the heavy object 24 is fixedly connected with the soil pushing box 22, the weight 24 is placed on the triangular conversion block 23, so that the vertical downward gravity can be converted into thrust, and the weight 24 can be selected from sand bags, concrete counterweights, steel ingots, weights and the like and is selected according to the experimental scale; the control assembly 3 comprises a connecting wire 31, a guide wheel 32 and a displacement controller 33, the guide wheel 32 is fixedly connected with the inclined rod 13 and is positioned at one side of the inclined rod 13 close to the linear guide rail 21, the connecting wire 31 is fixedly connected with the triangular conversion block 23 and passes through the guide wheel 32, the displacement controller 33 is fixedly connected with the shell 11 and is positioned at one side of the shell 11 and is fixedly connected with the connecting wire 31, the connecting wire 31 is supported by the guide wheel 32, so that the connecting wire 31 and the inclined rod 13 are kept horizontal, and the displacement controller 33 can accurately control the displacement of the connecting wire 31. A landslide model bedrock and a landslide mass are placed in the shell 11, then a weight 24 is arranged on the triangular conversion block 23, the displacement controller 33 is controlled to release fixed displacement, so that the soil pushing box 22 moves under the action of gravity to push the landslide mass, then the weights 24 with different weights can be used for applying respectively, speckle images are recorded, and therefore loading force and sliding relation can be researched. Therefore, the problem that the glide force is not easy to control in the existing testing mode, so that the soil deformation is difficult to measure is solved. The control of the load capacity and the load increasing rate in the loading scheme can realize the real simulation of the whole landslide evolution process, further facilitate the acquisition of monitoring data in a model test, ensure the continuity of the data and prevent the data mutation caused by loading; the width of the soil pushing box 22 can be increased, that is, the maximum deformation of the rear edge of the landslide along the landslide direction can be adjusted by adopting the width of the soil pushing box 22, the width and the length of the guide rail are increased, and the moving distance of the top stacking of the slope is increased. Meanwhile, the slope top stacking and displacement controller 33 is combined, so that the deformation increment of the trailing edge of the landslide can be controlled, the push-type landslide large-deformation evolution test is realized, the diversification of the loading scheme in the push-type landslide model test is realized, and various researches are facilitated; the whole loading technical scheme is completed on the slope top vertical grading stacking technology, is suitable for various large and small push type landslide model tests, and is easy to arrange and operate under loading conditions.
Further, the vertical rod 12 comprises a vertical rod body 121, a screw rod 122 and a connecting sleeve 123, the screw rod 122 is rotatably connected with the vertical rod body 121 and is located on one side of the vertical rod body 121, the connecting sleeve 123 is in threaded connection with the screw rod 122, the screw rod 122 penetrates the connecting sleeve 123, the inclined rod 13 comprises an inclined rod body 131 and a rotating rod 132, and the rotating rod 132 is rotatably connected with the connecting sleeve 123 and is slidably connected with the inclined rod body 131.
In this embodiment, the vertical rod body 121 is provided with the screw rod 122 in a rotating manner, and the screw rod 122 is provided with the connecting sleeve 123 in a threaded connection manner, so that the connecting sleeve 123 can slide up and down on the screw rod 122 when the screw rod 122 is rotated, thereby driving the rotating rod 132 connected with the connecting sleeve 123 to move so as to conveniently adjust the inclination angle of the inclined rod body 131, and thus the test of the landslide evolution at different angles can be performed.
Further, the housing 11 has a graduation mark 111, and the graduation mark 111 is located on a side of the housing 11 close to the vertical rod 12.
In the present embodiment, by referring to the scale marks 111 on the housing 11, the screw 122 can be rotated more accurately, so that the inclination angle of the inclined rod 13 can be adjusted accurately to meet the test.
Further, the loading assembly 2 further includes a bearing table 25, and the bearing table 25 is fixedly connected to the triangulation block 23 and is located between the triangulation block 23 and the weight 24.
In this embodiment, the bearing table 25 is disposed on the triangulation block 23, so that the weight 24 can be placed on the triangulation block 23 more stably.
Further, the guide wheel 32 includes a wheel body 321, a bracket 322 and a fine adjustment screw 323, the bracket 322 is fixedly connected to the inclined rod 13 and is located at one side of the inclined rod 13, the foxing screw 122 is in threaded connection with the bracket 322 and is located at one side of the bracket 322, and the wheel body 321 is rotatably connected to the fine adjustment screw 323 and is located at one side of the fine adjustment screw 323 away from the bracket 322.
In this embodiment, the bracket 322 is threadedly coupled to the fine adjustment screw 323, so that the bracket 322 can be rotated to adjust the distance of the bracket 322 up and down, and the wheel 321 is disposed on the bracket 322 to support the connection wire 31. When the connecting line 31 and the slant bar 13 are not parallel to each other, a measurement error may be caused, and the fine adjustment screw 323 may be rotated to adjust the position of the bracket 322, so that the balance may be more conveniently achieved.
Further, the soil pushing box 22 has a first groove 221, and the first groove 221 is located on one side of the soil pushing box 22 close to the linear guide 21.
In this embodiment, the first groove 221 disposed at the bottom of the soil pushing box 22 is used for engaging with the linear guide rail 21, so that the moving distance of the top loading during the landslide evolution process can be increased, and the test space can be increased.
Further, the soil pushing box 22 has a protrusion 222, the protrusion 222 is located on a side of the soil pushing box 22 close to the guide wheel 32, and the connection line 31 is fixedly connected to the protrusion 222.
In the present embodiment, the protrusion 222 is provided at the center of the soil pushing box 22, so that it is more convenient to connect the connecting line 31 and the soil pushing box 22, and the soil pushing box 22 is uniformly stressed and does not tilt.
In a second aspect, referring to fig. 5, the present invention further provides a method for simulating a slope top triangular transformation stacking process of a migration-type landslide evolution, including:
s101, fixing the inclination angle of the inclined rod 13;
the test is an indoor model test of double rows of anti-slide piles arranged in a quincunx shape, the size of a model box is that the length is multiplied by the width is multiplied by the height is 48cm multiplied by 14.6cm multiplied by 25.5cm, the inclination angle of the inclined rod 13 is 35 degrees, the thickness of a landslide soil body is 6cm, the double rows of anti-slide piles adopt square anti-slide piles, the section size is 8mm multiplied by 8mm, and the length of parts of each row of piles above a sliding surface is consistent and is 6.5 cm.
S102, sequentially filling landslide model bedrock and landslide mass into the shell 11, and enabling the soil pushing box 22 to be in contact with test soil;
the landslide body is composed of a sliding soil body at the upper part, a sliding bed at the bottom and a sliding belt in the middle. The landslide model is made of a base rock acrylic material, a landslide body is made of a transparent soil material, and the contact surface of the transparent soil and the bottom sliding bed is used for simulating a sliding belt.
S103, selecting a plurality of weights 24 according to the experimental scale, and setting the weights as N-level stacking;
the vertical stacking load of the experiment is divided into 6 levels, the load increment of each level is realized by stacking 500g of weights, and the correspondingly adopted gliding force is 400 Pa.
S104, carrying out primary stacking by using a triangular transfer block, moving a fixed displacement to release a primary load, recording the displacement, and collecting a speckle image;
during the test, the connecting line 31 is in a tightened state before loading, after a first weight is applied, the knob of the displacement controller 33 is slowly rotated to slowly move the connecting line 31, the bulldozer box 22 starts to slide towards the front edge of the slope under the action of vertical force applied by the weight, the landslide displacement is recorded once when the displacement exceeds 1mm, and the speckle image in the transparent soil at the moment is collected; and then, the displacement controller 33 is continuously and slowly rotated to enable the connecting line 31 to be continuously and slowly lifted, when the displacement exceeds 1mm again, the speckle images are photographed and collected again until the soil body does not generate displacement after the displacement controller 33 is rotated, which indicates that the soil body reaches a stable state under the condition that the load of the stage is completely released.
S105 resetting the displacement controller 33;
at this time, the displacement controller 33 is rotated in the reverse direction to reset the connection line 31 to the initial state.
S106, carrying out N + 1-level stacking by using a triangular transfer block, moving a fixed displacement to release a load for one time, recording the displacement, and collecting a speckle image;
the above operations were repeated until the level 6 loading test was completely completed.
S107, the speckle images in the transparent soil are analyzed.
Referring to fig. 6, the soil at the trailing edge of the landslide is obviously layered, and the soil near the anti-slide piles is waved due to the direct anti-slide force and soil arching effect provided by the anti-slide piles. The test result is basically consistent with the theory and the soil deformation of the actual push type landslide, the evolution process of the landslide is truly realized, and the soil displacement field of the anti-slide pile soil arch effect is captured.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A slope top triangular transformation stacking device for simulating the evolution of a push-type landslide is characterized in that,
the soil pushing device comprises a supporting component, a loading component and a control component, wherein the supporting component comprises a shell, a vertical rod and an inclined rod, the vertical rod is fixedly connected with the shell and is positioned in the shell, the inclined rod is rotatably connected with the shell and is rotatably connected with the vertical rod, the loading component comprises a linear guide rail, a soil pushing box, a triangular conversion block and a heavy object, the linear guide rail is fixedly connected with the inclined rod and is positioned on one side of the inclined rod close to the vertical rod, the soil pushing box is slidably connected with the linear guide rail and is positioned on one side of the linear guide rail, the triangular conversion block is slidably connected with the linear guide rail and is positioned on one side of the soil pushing box, the heavy object is fixedly connected with the soil pushing box and is positioned on one side of the soil pushing box far away from the linear guide rail, and the control component comprises a connecting wire, a guide wheel and a displacement controller, the guide wheel is fixedly connected with the inclined rod and positioned on one side of the inclined rod close to the linear guide rail, the connecting wire is fixedly connected with the triangular conversion block and penetrates through the guide wheel, and the displacement controller is fixedly connected with the shell, positioned on one side of the shell and fixedly connected with the connecting wire.
2. The slope top triangular transformation stacking device for simulating the evolution of the push-type landslide as claimed in claim 1,
the pole setting includes pole setting body, screw rod and adapter sleeve, the screw rod with the pole setting body rotates to be connected, and is located one side of pole setting body, the adapter sleeve with screw rod threaded connection, the screw rod passes the adapter sleeve, the down tube includes down tube body and bull stick, the bull stick with the adapter sleeve rotates to be connected, and with down tube body sliding connection.
3. The slope top triangular transformation stacking device for simulating the evolution of the push-type landslide as claimed in claim 2,
the shell is provided with scale marks, and the scale marks are positioned on one side, close to the vertical rod, of the shell.
4. The slope top triangular transformation stacking device for simulating the evolution of the push-type landslide as claimed in claim 1,
the loading assembly further comprises a bearing platform, and the bearing platform is fixedly connected with the triangular conversion block and is positioned between the triangular conversion block and the heavy object.
5. The slope top triangular transformation stacking device for simulating the evolution of the push-type landslide as claimed in claim 1,
the soil pushing box is provided with a first groove, and the first groove is positioned on one side, close to the linear guide rail, of the soil pushing box.
6. A slope top triangular transformation stacking method for simulating the evolution of the push type landslide, which uses the slope top triangular transformation stacking device for simulating the evolution of the push type landslide as claimed in any one of claims 1-5,
the method comprises the following steps: fixing the inclination angle of the diagonal rod;
sequentially filling the landslide model bedrock and the landslide mass into the shell, and enabling the soil pushing box to be in contact with the test soil;
selecting a plurality of weights according to the experimental scale, and setting the weights as N-level stacking;
carrying out primary stacking on the triangular transfer block, moving the fixed displacement to release a primary load, recording the displacement, and collecting a speckle image;
resetting the displacement controller;
carrying out N + 1-level stacking by using a triangular transfer block, moving a fixed displacement to release a load once, recording the displacement, and collecting a speckle image;
and analyzing the speckle images in the transparent soil.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method of slope top triangular transformation stacking loading for simulating the evolution of push-type landslide,
the fixed displacement is 1 mm.
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| CN203164057U (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-08-28 | 山东大学 | Test device for multidirectional loading of side slope in geotechnical engineering |
| CN105865910B (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2018-08-17 | 湖南大学 | A kind of slope structure face of rock quality flowing pressure simulated testing system |
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