CN112305721A - Infrared dual-waveband telescopic optical system - Google Patents
Infrared dual-waveband telescopic optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112305721A CN112305721A CN202011295368.7A CN202011295368A CN112305721A CN 112305721 A CN112305721 A CN 112305721A CN 202011295368 A CN202011295368 A CN 202011295368A CN 112305721 A CN112305721 A CN 112305721A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- PFNQVRZLDWYSCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (fluoren-9-ylideneamino) n-naphthalen-1-ylcarbamate Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2C1=NOC(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 PFNQVRZLDWYSCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003331 infrared imaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004297 night vision Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/02—Telephoto objectives, i.e. systems of the type + - in which the distance from the front vertex to the image plane is less than the equivalent focal length
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/02—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of crystals, e.g. rock-salt, semi-conductors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/14—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
- G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B25/00—Eyepieces; Magnifying glasses
- G02B25/001—Eyepieces
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an infrared dual-waveband telescopic optical system, which comprises an objective lens group and an eyepiece lens group, wherein: the objective lens group comprises a first objective lens (L1), a second objective lens (L2), a third objective lens (L3), a fourth objective lens (L4) and a fifth objective lens (L5), and the objective lens group comprises a first ocular lens (L6) and a second ocular lens (L7); the infinite target light beam is converged and imaged by the objective lens group in sequence and imaged at infinite distance by the eyepiece lens group; the first objective lens is a biconvex positive lens, the second objective lens is a meniscus negative lens with the convex surface facing the image space, the third objective lens is a biconcave negative lens, the fourth objective lens is a biconcave negative lens, and the fifth objective lens is a meniscus positive lens with the convex surface facing the image space; the first ocular lens is a meniscus positive lens with the convex surface facing the object space, and the second ocular lens is a biconcave negative lens. The system has simple structure and good imaging quality in infrared medium/long wave.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses an infrared optical system, and particularly relates to an infrared medium/long wave dual-band telescopic optical system.
Background
The infrared imaging system has good concealment, strong anti-interference capability and capability of identifying the disguised target to a certain extent, so that the infrared imaging system is widely applied to the fields of infrared night vision, infrared reconnaissance, infrared guidance and the like in military affairs.
However, with the development of camouflage technology and the increase of difficulty in detecting and identifying targets, infrared detection of a single wave band is difficult to meet various requirements. The detection capability of the device can be improved by detecting infrared radiation with different wavelengths, the camouflage information of the target can be effectively removed, the detection and identification capabilities and the identification rate of the target are improved, the false alarm rate is reduced, the camouflage identification capability is improved, and the volume and the weight of the system can be further reduced by the dual-waveband integrated optical system.
For a dual-band infrared optical system, the types of usable optical materials are few, chromatic aberration is difficult to correct, and two methods are generally adopted to solve the problems: 1) diffraction optics is introduced into the refraction system, and chromatic aberration is eliminated by utilizing the negative dispersion characteristic of the diffraction optical element; 2) with a reflective system, this configuration does not introduce chromatic aberration. The reflecting system has the disadvantages of complex structure, difficult adjustment and the like, and the diffraction element is difficult to process and has low diffraction efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an infrared medium/long wave dual-band telescopic optical system with good imaging quality.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for achieving the purpose is as follows:
an infrared dual-band telescopic optical system is provided, comprising an objective lens group and an eyepiece lens group, wherein: the objective lens group comprises a first objective lens, a second objective lens, a third objective lens, a fourth objective lens and a fifth objective lens, and the objective lens group comprises a first ocular lens and a second ocular lens; the infinite target light beam is converged and imaged by the objective lens group in sequence and imaged at infinite distance by the eyepiece lens group;
the first objective lens is a biconvex positive lens, the second objective lens is a meniscus negative lens with the convex surface facing the image space, the third objective lens is a biconcave negative lens, the fourth objective lens is a biconcave negative lens, and the fifth objective lens is a meniscus positive lens with the convex surface facing the image space;
the first ocular lens is a meniscus positive lens with the convex surface facing the object space, and the second ocular lens is a biconcave negative lens.
According to the technical scheme, the material of the objective lens group and the ocular lens group is germanium, zinc sulfide or zinc selenide.
According to the technical scheme, the telescopic optical system comprises two germanium aspheric surfaces, the other surface of the second objective lens is a concave aspheric surface of a germanium substrate, and the other surface of the first eyepiece lens is a concave aspheric surface of the germanium substrate.
According to the technical scheme, the first objective lens is a biconvex zinc sulfide positive lens, the second objective lens is a meniscus germanium negative lens with the convex surface facing the image space, the third objective lens is a biconcave zinc selenide negative lens, the fourth objective lens is a biconcave zinc sulfide negative lens, and the fifth objective lens is a meniscus germanium positive lens with the convex surface facing the image space;
the first ocular lens is a meniscus germanium positive lens with the convex surface facing the object space, and the second ocular lens is a biconcave zinc selenide negative lens.
According to the technical scheme, the working waveband of the telescopic optical system is 3.7-4.8 mu m/7.7-9.3 mu m, and the magnification is 6 times.
The invention also provides a dual-waveband infrared searching and tracking system, and the infrared searching and tracking system is provided with the infrared dual-waveband telescopic optical system in the technical scheme.
The invention also provides a front-view infrared system, and the infrared dual-waveband telescopic optical system in the technical scheme is installed in the front-view infrared system.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the infrared dual-band telescopic optical system has a simple system structure, realizes chromatic aberration correction of infrared wide bands by matching limited infrared optical materials and reasonably distributing focal power, has good imaging quality in infrared medium/long waves, and can be suitable for a dual-band infrared search tracking system and a forward-looking infrared system.
Furthermore, the infrared medium/long wave dual-band telescopic optical system only adopts a germanium aspheric surface, and can be widely applied to the fields of airborne forward looking infrared and reconnaissance systems, target indication systems of armed helicopters and shipboard aircrafts, early warning, fire control and short-range back-guidance systems of surface ships, target detection and tracking and the like.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an infrared dual-band telescopic optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a lens and a lens surface according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a two-dimensional view of an optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a MTF plot for each field at a wave of 16lp/mm in an optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a MTF plot for each field at a wavelength of 16lp/mm for an optical system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the magnitude of the diffuse speckle for each field of view of waves in an optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows the magnitude of the diffuse spot for each of the long wavelength fields of the optical system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in the infrared dual-band telescopic optical system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the whole system includes seven lenses, and sequentially includes an objective lens group and an eyepiece lens group, wherein: the objective lens group comprises five lenses including a first objective lens L1, a second objective lens L2, a third objective lens L3, a fourth objective lens L4 and a fifth objective lens L5, and the objective lens group comprises two lenses including a first ocular lens L6 and a second ocular lens L7. The infinite target light beam is converged and imaged by five lenses of the objective lens group in sequence and imaged at infinite distance by two lenses of the eyepiece lens group.
Furthermore, the optical lens materials are germanium, zinc sulfide and zinc selenide which are commonly used materials for an infrared dual-band optical system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a lens and lens surfaces of the present invention, in this embodiment, the objective lens group includes five lens elements, wherein the first objective lens L1 is a biconvex zinc sulfide positive lens, the second objective lens L2 is a meniscus germanium negative lens with a convex surface facing the image, the third objective lens L3 is a biconcave zinc selenide negative lens, the fourth objective lens L4 is a biconcave zinc sulfide negative lens, and the fifth objective lens L5 is a meniscus germanium positive lens with a convex surface facing the image. The eyepiece set comprises two lenses, the first eyepiece L6 is a meniscus germanium positive lens with a convex surface facing the object, and the second eyepiece L7 is a biconcave zinc selenide negative lens.
In the infrared dual-band telescopic optical system, the working band of the telescopic system is 3.7-4.8 mu m/7.7-9.3 mu m, and the magnification is 6 times.
The telescope system uses two germanium aspheric surfaces, the first surface of the second objective lens L2 is a concave aspheric surface of a germanium substrate, and the second surface is a meniscus shape with a convex surface facing to an image; the first surface of the first eyepiece L6 is a meniscus shape facing the object, and the second surface is a concave aspherical surface of the germanium substrate.
The infrared dual-band telescopic optical system of the above embodiment can be applied to a dual-band infrared search and tracking system and a front-view infrared system.
For a more detailed description, specific parameters of the optical system configuration of the present invention are given below: table 1 shows the structural parameters (radius of curvature, thickness, lens spacing and material) of the infrared two-band telescopic optical system. Table 2 shows aspheric data used by the system.
TABLE 1 Infrared Dual band telescopic optical system structural parameters
TABLE 2 aspherical coefficients
FIG. 3 is a two-dimensional view of an optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the magnification of a telescopic system composed of an objective lens group and an eyepiece lens group is 6 times, the focal length of a rear-end ideal lens is 27mm, and the combined focal length is 180 mm;
FIG. 4 is a curve of an ideal modulation transfer function of a wave in an optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the modulation transfer function value of each field is higher than 0.6 at 16lp/mm, and the full field of the lens has better imaging quality at a medium-wave infrared band;
FIG. 5 is a long-wave ideal modulation transfer function curve of the optical system according to the embodiment of the present invention, where the modulation transfer function value is higher than 0.5 at 16lp/mm for each field, and the full field of the lens has better imaging quality at the long-wave infrared band;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a wave spot array in an optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the size of the scattered spot in each field is smaller than 20 μm;
FIG. 7 is a long-wave spot array of the optical system of the embodiment of the present invention, in which the size of the scattered spot of each field is smaller than 22 μm; .
When designing the infrared two-waveband telescopic optical system, the chromatic aberration of the medium wave and the long wave needs to be corrected simultaneously, and the system focal power condition, the mesochromatic aberration condition in the medium wave waveband and the long wave waveband achromatism condition need to be met:
system power equation:
equation of chromatic aberration within the medium wave band:
equation of chromatic aberration within long wave band:
in the formula: phi is the focal power of the optical system; phi is aiThe focal power of the ith lens; vimThe Abbe number of the ith lens material in a medium wave band; vilThe Abbe number of the ith lens material in a long wave band.
According to the infrared dual-band telescopic optical system, infrared dual-band materials such as germanium, zinc sulfide and zinc selenide are selected, chromatic aberration correction of infrared wide bands is achieved through high-low dispersion material matching and reasonable distribution of focal power, and meanwhile the contradiction between chromatic aberration correction and monochromatic aberration correction is balanced by the aid of two germanium aspheric surfaces. The working waveband of the telescopic system is 3.7-4.8 mu m/7.7-9.3 mu m, the magnification is 6 times, the system is simple in structure, has good imaging quality in infrared medium/long waves, and can be suitable for a dual-waveband infrared search tracking system and a forward-looking infrared system.
The infrared optical materials are few, and the performance difference of some materials in two wave bands is large (for example, germanium shows low dispersion in long-wave infrared and high dispersion in medium-wave infrared), how to select a proper optical material and correct the chromatic aberration of two wave bands simultaneously is a difficulty in designing an infrared dual-wave band optical system.
In conclusion, the infrared dual-band telescopic optical system of the invention can well correct aberration by reasonable material collocation and the use of a germanium aspheric surface which is easy to process. The system has the advantages that the system has seven lenses including five lenses of the objective lens group and two lenses of the eyepiece lens group, the structure is simple, and good imaging quality is achieved in the infrared dual-waveband.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An infrared dual-band telescopic optical system, comprising an objective lens group and an eyepiece lens group, wherein: the objective lens group comprises a first objective lens (L1), a second objective lens (L2), a third objective lens (L3), a fourth objective lens (L4) and a fifth objective lens (L5), and the objective lens group comprises a first ocular lens (L6) and a second ocular lens (L7); the infinite target light beam is converged and imaged by the objective lens group in sequence and imaged at infinite distance by the eyepiece lens group;
the first objective lens is a biconvex positive lens, the second objective lens is a meniscus negative lens with the convex surface facing the image space, the third objective lens is a biconcave negative lens, the fourth objective lens is a biconcave negative lens, and the fifth objective lens is a meniscus positive lens with the convex surface facing the image space;
the first ocular lens is a meniscus positive lens with the convex surface facing the object space, and the second ocular lens is a biconcave negative lens.
2. The infrared dual-band telescopic optical system of claim 1, wherein the material of the objective lens group and the ocular lens group is germanium, zinc sulfide or zinc selenide.
3. The infrared two-band telescopic optical system of claim 1, wherein the telescopic optical system includes two germanium aspheric surfaces, the other surface of the second objective lens is a concave aspheric surface of a germanium base, and the other surface of the first eyepiece lens is a concave aspheric surface of a germanium base.
4. The infrared two-band telescopic optical system of claim 1 or 3, wherein the first objective lens is a biconvex zinc sulfide positive lens, the second objective lens is a meniscus germanium negative lens with the convex surface facing the image, the third objective lens is a biconcave zinc selenide negative lens, the fourth objective lens is a biconcave zinc sulfide negative lens, and the fifth objective lens is a meniscus germanium positive lens with the convex surface facing the image;
the first ocular lens is a meniscus germanium positive lens with the convex surface facing the object space, and the second ocular lens is a biconcave zinc selenide negative lens.
5. The infrared dual-band telescopic optical system of claim 1, wherein the working band of the telescopic optical system is 3.7-4.8 μm/7.7-9.3 μm, and the magnification is 6 times.
6. A dual-band infrared search and tracking system, wherein the infrared search and tracking system incorporates the infrared dual-band telescopic optical system of claim 1.
7. A front-view infrared system characterized in that the infrared two-band telescopic optical system of claim 1 is installed in the front-view infrared system.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011295368.7A CN112305721B (en) | 2020-11-18 | 2020-11-18 | Infrared dual-band telescopic optical system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011295368.7A CN112305721B (en) | 2020-11-18 | 2020-11-18 | Infrared dual-band telescopic optical system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114089511A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-25 | 湖北久之洋红外***股份有限公司 | Very wide band transmission type telescopic optical system |
| CN114200662A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-18 | 湖南华南光电(集团)有限责任公司 | Athermal infrared collimator optical system |
| CN116893503A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-10-17 | 昆明明汇光学有限公司 | Optical system of target observation mirror |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114200662A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-18 | 湖南华南光电(集团)有限责任公司 | Athermal infrared collimator optical system |
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| CN116893503A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-10-17 | 昆明明汇光学有限公司 | Optical system of target observation mirror |
| CN116893503B (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-11-24 | 昆明明汇光学有限公司 | Optical system of target observation mirror |
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