Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a damaged wetland health diagnosis and recovery platform, which can be used for stirring wetland organic soil in an air conveying groove by vibrating an air guide pipe while introducing air into the wetland organic soil, wherein the air output by the vibrating air guide pipe flows upwards gradually in the wetland organic soil, a conveying area which is convenient for gas to pass is generated between the wetland organic soil and the vibrating air guide pipe in the stirring process of the vibrating air guide pipe, so that the gas output by an output port of the vibrating air guide pipe can pass through a loose area, the air can be more fully contacted with the wetland organic soil, the oxygen content in the wetland organic soil is increased, and the treatment speed of aerobic respiratory bacteria in the wetland organic soil on the wetland organic soil is increased.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the damaged wetland health diagnosis and recovery platform comprises a base, wherein the upper part of the base is connected with a support and an air transmission groove, the upper part of the support is connected with an operation platform, the upper part of the operation platform is connected with a microscope and an inspection platform, one side of the inspection platform is connected with a universal pipe, one end of the universal pipe is connected with a convex lens, the upper part of the air transmission groove is provided with an internal vibration type air transmission device, the internal vibration type air transmission device comprises a supporting plate, the lower side of the supporting plate is connected with the supporting plate, the upper part of the supporting plate is provided with an air guide cover which can slide on the supporting plate, the lower part of an organic soil outlet of the wetland is connected with a plurality of vibration air guide pipes, the inner part of the upper ends of the vibration air guide pipes is communicated with the inner part of the air guide cover, the vibration air guide pipes penetrate through the middle part of the supporting plate, the lower ends of the vibration air, the promotion axle is connected to one side of swing arm pole, promote the axle and connect the push rod through the pivot, the push rod can be epaxial along the pivot rotation of promotion, the one end of push rod is connected with the lateral part of wind scooper, one side intercommunication air-supply line of wind scooper, the inside intercommunication of the inside air outlet with the fan of one end of air-supply line, the organic earth export of lower part one side intercommunication wetland in gas transmission groove, the organic earth export of wetland and aerobic respiration biological treatment groove intercommunication, the organic earth export of lower part opposite side intercommunication wetland in gas transmission groove, the organic earth export of wetland and multistage filter equipment intercommunication, constant temperature heating device is connected to the inboard bottom in gas transmission groove. The lateral part installation soil pollution migration monitoring system and the unmanned aerial vehicle platform of taking off and land of support set up unmanned aerial vehicle on the unmanned aerial vehicle platform of taking off and land, and soil pollution migration monitoring system has the probe.
In order to further realize the aim of the invention, the technical scheme can also be adopted that an auxiliary fan is arranged at the upper part of the air guide cover, the shell of the auxiliary fan is welded with the shell of the air guide cover, and the inside of the air outlet of the auxiliary fan is communicated with the inside of the air guide cover.
The lateral part of the vibration air duct is connected with a plurality of fan blades.
The lower end of the vibration air duct is provided with a plurality of air guide holes.
The invention has the advantages that: the soil pollution migration monitoring system 32 can measure soil parameters on site, and facilitates the monitoring personnel to diagnose the overall condition of the wetland soil and improve the wetland soil. The invention adds the internal vibration type gas conveying device on the gas conveying groove, the internal vibration type gas conveying device can stir the organic soil of the wetland through the vibration gas guide pipe while introducing air into the organic soil of the wetland in the gas conveying groove, the air output by the vibration gas guide pipe gradually flows upwards in the organic soil of the wetland, a loose area which can facilitate the gas to pass through is generated between the organic soil of the wetland and the vibration gas guide pipe in the stirring process of the vibration gas guide pipe, so that the gas output by the output port of the vibration gas guide pipe can pass through the loose area, the air can be more fully contacted with the organic soil of the wetland, the oxygen content in the organic soil of the wetland is improved, the treatment speed of the aerobic respiratory bacteria in the organic soil of the wetland to the organic soil of the wetland is improved, and the sludge reaching the inside the gas conveying groove is higher in concentration and is in a solid-liquid combination state, therefore, when the vibrating air duct is used for stirring organic soil in the wetland, a conveying area is formed in the area behind the advancing direction of the vibrating air duct due to low pressure, and gas can pass through the conveying area conveniently. The rotating motor can drive the air guide cover to horizontally slide on the supporting plate through the combination of the pushing shaft, the swing arm rod and the push rod, so that the vibrating air guide pipe can achieve the effect of stirring organic soil in the wetland. According to the invention, the air guide cover is combined with the vibrating air guide pipe, so that the air flow of the fan can be guided into the organic soil of the wetland in the air conveying groove from top to bottom, the organic soil of the wetland blocked in the vibrating air guide pipe can be continuously dredged by combining air pressure and gravity, the vibrating air guide pipe is prevented from being easily blocked by sludge, and the blocking risk is greatly reduced compared with an air duct buried in the air conveying groove. The push rod, the push shaft and the swing arm rod are all made of steel, so that the phenomenon of bending can not occur in the process of stirring by vibrating the air guide pipe. The microscope is combined with the convex lens, so that the examining personnel can conveniently watch the microstructure of the wetland organic soil, and can conveniently watch the amplifying structure of the wetland organic soil. The universal tube can be in a certain range, and is convenient for inspectors to move the convex lens to any position. The constant-temperature heating device can be used for heating the wetland organic soil in the gas transmission tank at constant temperature, so that the treatment efficiency of aerobic respiratory bacteria on the organic soil is improved. For polluted and damaged wetlands, the water quality and the wetland sediment pollution are generally included, so the wetland monitoring probe also comprises a wetland water area water quality probe besides a wetland sediment probe; for the wetland with the damaged interference of the hydrological process, the hydrological process can be recovered only by means of ecological hydraulic engineering measures, and the hydrological process of the wetland is recovered to the original natural rhythm as much as possible. For the wetland encroachment and reclamation type damaged wetland, the change process of the number of wetland underlying surfaces can be processed by shooting and photographic processing through the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the number of wetland underlying surfaces is mainly obtained to be converted into other land, so that the measures of land reclamation and wetland return or grass return or forest return are correspondingly developed through calculating, analyzing and processing the number of wetland encroachment and reclamation. The invention also has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low manufacturing cost and simple and convenient use.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
The damaged wetland health diagnosis and recovery platform comprises a base 7, wherein the upper part of the base 7 is connected with a support 6 and an air transmission groove 23, the upper part of the support 6 is connected with an operating platform 2, the upper part of the operating platform 2 is connected with a microscope 1 and an inspection platform 5, one side of the inspection platform 5 is connected with a universal pipe 4, one end of the universal pipe 4 is connected with a convex lens 3, the upper part of the air transmission groove 23 is provided with an internal vibration type air transmission device, the internal vibration type air transmission device comprises a supporting plate 24, the lower side of the supporting plate 24 is connected with the supporting plate 23, the upper part of the supporting plate 24 is provided with an air guide cover 12, the air guide cover 12 can slide on the supporting plate 24, the lower part of an organic soil outlet 21 of the wetland is connected with a plurality of vibration air guide pipes 18, the inner part of the upper ends of the vibration air guide pipes 18 is communicated with the inner part of the air guide cover 12, one side of the supporting plate 24 is connected with a rotating motor 17, the end part of an output shaft of the rotating motor 17 is connected with a swing arm rod 16, the plane of the swing arm rod 16 is parallel to the plane of the supporting plate 24, one side of the swing arm rod 16 is connected with a pushing shaft 15, the pushing shaft 15 is connected with a push rod 14 through a rotating shaft, the push rod 14 can rotate on the pushing shaft 15 along the rotating shaft, one end of the push rod 14 is connected with the side part of an air guide cover 12, one side of the air guide cover 12 is communicated with an air inlet pipe 11, the inside of one end of the air inlet pipe 11 is communicated with the inside of an air outlet of a fan 10, one side of the lower part of an air conveying groove 23 is communicated with a wetland organic soil outlet 22, the wetland organic soil outlet 22 is communicated with an aerobic respiration biological treatment groove 4, the other side of the lower part of the air conveying groove 23 is communicated with a wetland. The lateral part installation soil pollution migration monitoring system 32 and the unmanned aerial vehicle platform 31 of taking off and land of support 6 set up unmanned aerial vehicle 30 on the unmanned aerial vehicle platform 31 of taking off and land, and soil pollution migration monitoring system 32 has probe 33. The soil pollution migration monitoring system 32 can rapidly realize investigation and evaluation of soil pollution by adopting a Trime-X soil pollution migration monitoring system produced by Beijing Australian ecological instruments Co., Ltd, and can rapidly and accurately measure samples in soil pollution investigation. The soil pollution migration monitoring system can be applied to soil general investigation and remediation; detecting important pollutants related to RCRA (resource conservation and recovery Act) in various media, and analyzing metal components in the important pollutants, wherein the pollutants comprise filter media, dust, film layers, coatings and coatings, oil, liquid and the like; the distribution of metals in wood, other building materials and broken layers of the building materials treated by the chromized copper arsenate can also be detected, and the water content of the surface and the section of the soil can be measured. The soil pollution migration monitoring system consists of a data acquisition unit and a measurement unit, wherein the measurement unit consists of a soil moisture measurement unit and a soil element measurement unit. Data are transmitted between the data acquisition unit and the measurement unit through Bluetooth. A soil moisture measuring unit: the device can conveniently and quickly measure the water content of the surface layer of the soil and can also measure the section water content and the salt content of the soil or other media as deep as 3 meters. The system adopts wireless communication data transmission technology. The unit is based on TDR (time domain reflection with Intelligent elements) time domain reflection technology. The device is used for directly measuring the dielectric constant of soil or other media, the dielectric constant is closely related to the moisture content of the soil, and the moisture content of the soil can be calculated and displayed by a reading system through analog voltage output. The soil pollution migration monitoring system 32 can measure soil parameters on site, and facilitates the monitoring personnel to diagnose the overall condition of the wetland soil and improve the wetland soil.
The invention adds the internal vibration type gas conveying device on the gas conveying groove 23, the internal vibration type gas conveying device can stir the organic soil of the wetland through the vibration gas guide pipe 18 when the organic soil of the wetland in the gas conveying groove 23 is introduced with air, because the air output by the vibration gas guide pipe 18 gradually flows upwards in the organic soil of the wetland, a loose area which is convenient for the gas to pass through is generated between the organic soil of the wetland and the vibration gas guide pipe 18 in the stirring process of the vibration gas guide pipe 18, the gas output by the output port of the vibration gas guide pipe 18 can pass through the loose area, the air can be more fully contacted with the organic soil of the wetland, thereby improving the oxygen content in the organic soil of the wetland, improving the treatment speed of aerobic respiratory bacteria in the organic soil of the wetland to the organic soil of the wetland, and because the sludge concentration reaching the interior of the gas conveying groove 23 is higher, and the vibrating air duct 18 is in a solid-liquid combination state, so that when the vibrating air duct 18 stirs organic soil in the wetland, a conveying area is formed in the area behind the advancing direction of the vibrating air duct 18 due to low pressure, and gas can conveniently pass through the conveying area. The rotating motor 17 of the invention can drive the wind scooper 12 to horizontally slide on the supporting plate 24 through the combination of the pushing shaft 15, the swing arm rod 16 and the push rod 14, thereby leading the vibrating air duct 18 to realize the effect of stirring the organic soil in the wetland. According to the invention, the air guide cover 12 is combined with the vibrating air guide pipe 18, so that the air flow of the fan can be guided into the organic soil in the wetland in the air conveying groove 23 from top to bottom, the organic soil in the wetland blocked in the vibrating air guide pipe 18 can be continuously dredged by combining air pressure and gravity, the vibrating air guide pipe 18 is prevented from being easily blocked by sludge, and the blocking risk is greatly reduced compared with that of an air duct buried in the air conveying groove 23. The push rod 14, the push shaft 15 and the swing arm rod 16 are all made of steel, so that the phenomenon of bending cannot occur in the process of stirring the vibrating air duct 18. The microscope 1 is combined with the convex lens 3, so that inspectors can conveniently view the microstructure of the wetland organic soil, and can conveniently view the enlarged structure of the wetland organic soil, thereby diagnosing the problems of the wetland organic soil and making targeted judgment on the recovery of the wetland organic soil. The universal tube 4 of the invention can be in a certain range, and is convenient for an inspector to move the convex lens 3 to any position. The constant temperature heating device 8 can be used for heating the wetland organic soil in the air transmission groove 23 at constant temperature, so that the treatment efficiency of aerobic respiratory bacteria on the organic soil is improved.
An auxiliary fan 13 is installed on the upper portion of the air guide cover 12, a shell of the auxiliary fan 13 is welded with the shell of the air guide cover 12, and the inside of an air outlet of the auxiliary fan 13 is communicated with the inside of the air guide cover 12.
The auxiliary fan 13 of the invention can be opened when the vibration air duct 18 is blocked, thereby increasing the air pressure in the air guide cover 12 and vibrating the air duct 18 to dredge by utilizing high air pressure. At the same time, the auxiliary fan 13 can be turned on when a higher oxygen content is required in the gas transmission groove 23, thereby increasing the gas output of the vibrating gas guide tube 18.
The side of the vibrating air duct 18 is connected with a plurality of fan blades 19.
The fan blade 19 of the invention can improve the stirring effect of the vibration air duct 18
The lower end of the vibration air duct 18 is provided with a plurality of air guide holes 20.
The gas guide holes 20 of the present invention can assist in vibrating the gas guide tube 18 to discharge gas.
The mode of land utilization has changed the production and confluence process of runoff. The reduction of the wetland area and the increase of the arable land area have obvious contribution to the decreasing of the runoff depth, and the mechanism can be summarized by analysis as follows:
(1) the cultivated land generally has better vegetation coverage after 6 months every year, so the soil surface layer of the cultivated land is mainly exposed in the air, the average wind speed of the cultivated land for many years in the region is 4m/s, the maximum wind speed can reach 28m/s, even after a large amount of snow falls in winter, because the accumulated snow in the cultivated land with larger wind power on the soil surface mainly enters the air in an air drying mode, the supplement amount of the accumulated snow to the soil moisture of the local cultivated land is very limited, the accumulated snow is mainly supplemented by rainfall, and the wetland has the vegetation, the wind speed can be greatly reduced, so the accumulated snow can be mostly converted into surface runoff in 4-5 months in the next year. This may be one of the important reasons for runoff reduction from the conversion of wetlands to arable land.
(2) Wetlands have strong cold-wet effect [15 ]. When the area of the wetland is reduced, the humidity of the atmosphere of the ground layer of the location and the adjacent area of the original wetland is inevitably reduced; the regulation and control capability to the temperature of the near-stratum is reduced, the temperature of the near-ground surface of the region of the wetland converted to the cultivated land is higher than that of the original wetland by 4-5 ℃ 15, so that the evaporation potential of the land is increased, which is probably one of the reasons that the runoff of the drainage basin is in a decreasing trend.
(3) The wetland is converted into cultivated land, and the soil of the plough layer is repeatedly ploughed by machinery, so that on one hand, the composition and the structure of the original natural wetland soil are changed, and the process of redistributing precipitation is correspondingly changed, for example, the field water holding capacity of the corresponding surface soil is not as high as that of the original wetland soil layer; the infiltration speed of the precipitation is reduced, and under the action of a drainage ditch in the cultivated land, the excessive soil waterlogging water is accumulated in the ditch or is quickly drained out of the drainage basin; on the other hand, the soil temperature of cultivated land is higher than that of wet land by 4-5 deg.C (15 deg.C), and the soil layer is disturbed by turning over the land year by year, so that the evaporation potential and evaporation quantity of land surface are increased. These are also important reasons for the diminishing runoff of the basin.
(4) Since the end of the 80's 20 th century, part of dry farming land is changed into a paddy field due to the increase of cultivated land, and the paddy field increases the utilization degree of surface water resources and correspondingly reduces the runoff depth of the regional surface; on the other hand, more paddy fields are irrigated by exploiting underground water, so that the underground position is lowered, the soil water content of the soil in a frozen soil layer in a freezing season can be reduced, and surface runoff is reduced after freezing and thawing in the next year.
(5) Due to the influence of factors such as the detailed degree of statistical data and data, the non-uniform of statistical industry and the like, some deviation or entrance and exit may exist in the aspect of the data related to the wetland and farmland area, but the deviation or the entrance and exit may not influence the qualitative judgment of the radial flow evolution trend.
(6) Quantitative analysis aiming at the influence degree of land utilization change on the runoff depth needs further deep research in the future.
5 conclusions and suggestions
(1) The reduction of the wetland area and the increase of the arable area of the flexible river basin obviously contribute to the gradual decrease of the runoff depth, but the correlation between the surface precipitation and the change of the runoff depth is stronger than that between the reduction of the wetland area and the increase and change of the arable area.
(2) The evolution characteristics of the runoff of the pliable river basin are not favorable for maintaining the ecological safety of the basin, and high attention should be paid. The trend of decreasing runoff depth should be prevented from continuing, because the decrease in runoff depth is essentially an important indicator of a tendency of a watershed to drought. Therefore, the existing small amount of wetland is to be added with more value, the protection is enhanced practically, and all possible measures are strived for recovering some key ecological processes of the wetland, so that the functions of the wetland are exerted to the maximum extent.
(3) The area of the upstream paddy field in the watershed is prevented from being continuously expanded, if possible, a part of the paddy field is withdrawn and wetted in the river beach lands such as the scratching river and the seven-star river, and the hydraulic connectivity of the river wetland and the marsh wetland is kept; and the ecological water supply scheduling is carried out on the existing reservoirs such as the Bingqiao reservoir and the forest frog through two large reservoirs, so that the wetland is prevented from excessively losing water and the ecological hydrological regulation function of the wetland is reduced.
The damaged wetland mainly comprises three types
(1) The wetland monitoring probe is also provided with a wetland water area water quality probe besides the wetland sediment probe;
(2) the interference of the hydrological process is damaged, and the hydrological process can be recovered only by means of ecological hydraulic engineering measures, so that the hydrological process of the wetland is recovered to the original natural rhythm as much as possible.
(3 wetland encroachment type is impaired, this can be through unmanned aerial vehicle shooting and photographic processing, how many wetland underlying surface's change process, mainly acquire how many wetland turn into other land, therefore through calculation analysis and processing how many wetland is encroached on and reclaimed, correspondingly develop the measure of returning the wetland or returning the grass or returning the forest (because wetland nature protection area or wetland park, mainly wetland, waters, meadow or island forest are the owner).
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.