CN112304871A - Ship smoke plume emission rapid remote measurement system based on imaging spectrometer - Google Patents
Ship smoke plume emission rapid remote measurement system based on imaging spectrometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN112304871A CN112304871A CN202011101978.9A CN202011101978A CN112304871A CN 112304871 A CN112304871 A CN 112304871A CN 202011101978 A CN202011101978 A CN 202011101978A CN 112304871 A CN112304871 A CN 112304871A
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000701 chemical imaging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N2021/1793—Remote sensing
- G01N2021/1795—Atmospheric mapping of gases
Abstract
The invention discloses a ship smoke plume emission rapid remote measuring system based on an imaging spectrometer, which comprises an ultraviolet lens, an optical fiber bundle, the imaging spectrometer and a computer, wherein the ultraviolet lens is used for collecting a ship smoke plume scattering spectrum; the optical fiber bundle is used for guiding the scattered light collected by the ultraviolet lens into the imaging spectrometer and replacing the slit with the emergent end; the optical fiber bundle comprises an incident end and an emergent end, the optical fiber bundle is composed of 50 optical fibers, the incident end is arranged in a rectangle shape, and the emergent end is vertically arranged; the imaging spectrometer is used for dispersing incident light and acquiring spectral information of different incident optical fibers of the optical fiber bundle; and the computer processes the spectral information and inverts the concentration of the polluted gas. The invention can complete the system for measuring the smoke plume of the ship in navigation by utilizing the imaging spectrometer technology without a rotary table and scanning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring, in particular to a ship smoke plume emission rapid remote measurement system based on an imaging spectrometer.
Background
The hyperspectral imaging spectrometer obtains the concentration of the atmosphere polluted gas by measuring ultraviolet and visible scattering spectra, utilizing fingerprint absorption of trace gas in ultraviolet and visible wave bands and adopting a differential absorption spectrum algorithm. In general, object imaging contains two-dimensional spatial information, hyperspectral imaging simultaneously records radiation intensity information of pixels changing along with wavelength change on the basis of containing the spatial information, and the pixels have three-dimensional information, namely spatial dimension, x, y and spectral dimension lambda.
Currently, two technologies are generally adopted to obtain hyperspectral imaging, and the hyperspectral imaging is distinguished due to different time sequences for obtaining three-dimensional information. The linear array detector based 'swinging and scanning' mode can only acquire the information of a single space pixel at one time, the rest two-dimensional information is acquired by scanning, and the time resolution of the working mode is low; by using a push-scan mode of the area array detector, one spatial direction can be imaged at a time, such as the vertical direction shown in fig. 1, and the hyperspectral imaging measurement can be completed only by scanning the remaining one-dimensional direction (the horizontal direction in the figure), so that the total measurement time is greatly reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, the hyperspectral imaging measurement principle: in one measurement, vertical direction imaging is subjected to dispersion on an area array CCD detector, then horizontal direction information acquisition is completed through scanning, and finally hyper-spectral measurement of an object is realized. The system is successfully applied to measurement of pollution sources such as power plant smoke plume and the like, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic view of the measurement of the pollution sources of the ready-made image spectrometer, and a one-dimensional turntable is required to be combined in the measurement to complete scanning imaging of the smoke plume. Therefore, if the system is applied to ship monitoring, the system is only applicable to ships parked at wharfs and cannot be applied to ships in navigation.
Disclosure of Invention
The main problems existing in the prior art are as follows: a one-dimensional turntable is required to perform scanning measurement, and a single measurement requires about 1s, which is not good for capturing a moving vessel. The invention aims to develop a system for measuring the smoke plume of a ship in navigation by utilizing the imaging spectrometer technology without a rotary table and scanning.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a ship smoke plume emission rapid remote measuring system based on an imaging spectrometer comprises an ultraviolet lens 1, an optical fiber bundle 3, an imaging spectrometer 5 and a computer 6, wherein:
the ultraviolet lens 1 is used for collecting the ship smoke plume scattering spectrum;
the optical fiber bundle 3 is used for guiding the scattered light collected by the ultraviolet lens 1 into an imaging spectrometer 5 and replacing a slit with an optical fiber bundle exit end 4; the optical fiber bundle 3 comprises an optical fiber bundle incidence end 2 and an optical fiber bundle emergence end 4, the optical fiber bundle 3 is composed of 50 optical fibers with the size of 100 micrometers, the optical fibers are arranged in a rectangle at the optical fiber bundle incidence end 2, 5 rows and 10 columns, and the vertical and horizontal distances among the optical fibers are both 200 micrometers; the emergent ends 4 of the optical fiber bundles are vertically arranged, and the distance between the optical fibers is 200 mu m;
the imaging spectrometer 5 is used for dispersing incident light, and acquiring spectral information of different incident optical fibers of the optical fiber bundle 3;
and the computer 6 processes the spectral information and inverts the concentration of the polluted gas.
Further, the imaging spectrometer uses an area array detector with 1k x 1k pixels, and the size of an image surface is 13 μm x 13 μm; the length of the emergent end optical fiber bundle is 10100 mu m, and 777 pixels of the space dimension of the area array detector are uniformly illuminated; the imaging spectrometer uses the optical fiber bundle as a slit, and the width is the diameter of the optical fiber 100 μm.
Furthermore, the size of the incident end vertical optical fiber bundle is 900um, and the position is 50m corresponding to the vertical distance of 300 m; the size of the incident end horizontal optical fiber bundle is 1900 μm, and the corresponding distance of 300m is 105m according to the corresponding relation with the vertical direction; the system is set to be applied to monitoring of the Yangtze river ship, the speed of the general upward ship is 6m/s, the offshore distance is 300m, the estimation is carried out according to the clearance of 24m of the Nanjing Yangtze river bridge, the vertical observation height of the system is set to be 50m, and the application requirement is completely met; the system observes for one time, the integral time is 1s, at least 17 times of observation data can be obtained according to the ship navigation speed, the condition that a plurality of ships appear in a view field is identified by combining visible images, and the maximum measurement value of a single ship in the view field is taken as the observation data of the ship.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention expands the horizontal testing range. The space dimension of the imaging spectrometer is fully utilized, so that different space dimensions are used for measuring targets with different horizontal positions, the traditional condition of measuring information of a single horizontal position is changed, and the horizontal measurement range is expanded (like the above system, if the arrangement modes of optical fibers at an incident end and an emergent end are the same, the vertical observation range of the system is 560m, the horizontal observation range is only 5.6m, and the situation that one-time measurement can not be ensured to cover a ship in navigation is solved.
(2) The invention does not need to use a turntable. The traditional measuring method needs to use a rotary table for measurement.
(3) The invention can ensure that the moving target can fall in the horizontal measurement interval within a certain time, changes the traditional problem that certain area horizontal measurement needs to be finished by a mobile platform turntable device, and is suitable for quick remote measurement of the moving target.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hyperspectral imaging measurement principle;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a ready-made image spectrometer for measurement of a contamination source;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a ship smoke plume emission rapid telemetry system based on an imaging spectrometer.
In the figure: 1 is an ultraviolet lens; 2 is an incident end of the optical fiber bundle; 3 is an optical fiber bundle; 4 is the exit end of the optical fiber bundle; 5, an imaging spectrometer; and 6 is a computer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
The invention relates to a system for measuring the smoke plume of a ship in navigation by utilizing the imaging spectrometer technology without a rotary table and scanning. As shown in fig. 3, the ship smoke plume emission rapid remote measurement system based on the imaging spectrometer of the invention comprises 4 parts, an ultraviolet lens 1, a light source and a light source, wherein the ultraviolet lens is used for collecting scattering spectra; the optical fiber bundle 3 is used for guiding the collected scattered light into the spectrometer and replacing the slit with the exit end 4 of the optical fiber bundle; the imaging spectrometer 5 is used for dispersing and collecting incident light to acquire spectral information of different incident optical fibers; and the computer 6 is used for processing the spectral information and inverting the concentration of the polluted gas.
The optical fiber bundle comprises an optical fiber bundle incident end 2 and an optical fiber bundle emergent end 4, wherein the optical fiber bundle is composed of 50 optical fibers with the size of 100 micrometers, the optical fibers are arranged in a rectangle at the optical fiber bundle incident end 2, 5 rows and 10 columns, and the vertical and horizontal distances among the optical fibers are 200 micrometers; the emergent ends 4 of the optical fiber bundles are vertically arranged, and the distance between the optical fibers is 200 mu m.
The imaging spectrometer uses an area array detector with 1k x 1k pixels, and the size of an image surface is 13 mu m x 13 mu m; the length of the emergent end optical fiber bundle is 10100 mu m, and 777 pixels of the space dimension of the area array detector are uniformly illuminated; the imaging spectrometer uses the optical fiber bundle as a slit, and the width is the diameter of the optical fiber 100 um.
The size of the incident end vertical optical fiber bundle is 900 micrometers, and the incident end vertical optical fiber bundle is positioned by 50 meters corresponding to the vertical distance of 300 meters; the size of the horizontal optical fiber bundle at the incident end is 1900 μm, and the corresponding distance of 300m from the vertical is 105 m. The system is set to be applied to monitoring of the Yangtze river ship, the speed of the ship going upward is 6m/s generally, the offshore distance is 300m, the vertical observation height of the system is set to be 50m according to the estimation of a clearance of 24m of a Nanjing Yangtze river bridge, and the application requirement is completely met. The system observes for one time, the integral time is 1s, at least 17 times of observation data can be obtained according to the ship navigation speed, the condition that a plurality of ships appear in a view field is identified by combining visible images, and the maximum measurement value of a single ship in the view field is taken as the observation data of the ship.
The invention is suitable for discharging the polluted gas (SO) from the shore-based mobile ship2，NO2Etc.) and features full use of space dimension of imaging spectrometer to make different space dimensions measure targets at different horizontal positions, changing the condition of measuring single horizontal position information and expanding horizontal measuring range (such asIn the above system, if the arrangement modes of the incident end and the emergent end are the same, the vertical observation range of the system is 560m, the horizontal observation range is only 5.6m, the ship in navigation cannot be covered by one-time measurement, scanning measurement needs to be carried out by using the rotary table rotating equipment, and the system is not suitable for moving targets), the moving targets can be ensured to fall in a horizontal measurement interval within a certain time, the problem that the traditional mobile platform rotary table equipment needs to complete horizontal measurement of a certain area is solved, and the system is suitable for rapid remote measurement of the moving targets.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a quick telemetering measurement system of boats and ships plume emission based on imaging spectrometer which characterized in that: including ultraviolet camera lens (1), optic fibre bundle (3), imaging spectrometer (5) and computer (6), wherein:
the ultraviolet lens (1) is used for collecting ship smoke plume scattering spectra;
the optical fiber bundle (3) is used for guiding scattered light collected by the ultraviolet lens (1) into the imaging spectrometer (5) and replacing a slit with an emergent end (4); the optical fiber bundle (3) comprises an incident end (2) and an emergent end (4), the optical fiber bundle (3) is composed of 50 optical fibers with the size of 100 micrometers, the optical fibers are arranged in a rectangle at the incident end (2), 5 rows and 10 columns, and the vertical and horizontal distances among the optical fibers are 200 micrometers; the emergent ends (4) are vertically arranged, and the distance between the optical fibers is 200 mu m;
the imaging spectrometer (5) is used for dispersing incident light, and acquiring spectral information of different incident optical fibers of the optical fiber bundle (3);
and the computer (6) processes the spectral information and inverts the concentration of the polluted gas.
2. The imaging spectrometer based ship plume emission rapid telemetry system of claim 1, wherein: the imaging spectrometer uses an area array detector with 1k x 1k pixels, and the size of an image surface is 13 mu m x 13 mu m; the length of the emergent end optical fiber bundle is 10100um, and 777 pixels of the space dimension of the area array detector are uniformly illuminated; the imaging spectrometer uses the optical fiber bundle as a slit, and the width is the diameter of the optical fiber 100 μm.
3. The imaging spectrometer based ship plume emission rapid telemetry system of claim 1, wherein: the size of the incident end vertical optical fiber bundle is 900 micrometers, and the incident end vertical optical fiber bundle is positioned by 50 meters corresponding to the vertical distance of 300 meters; the size of the incident end horizontal optical fiber bundle is 1900 μm, and the corresponding distance of 300m is 105m according to the corresponding relation with the vertical direction; the system is set to be applied to monitoring of the Yangtze river ship, the speed of the general upward ship is 6m/s, the offshore distance is 300m, the estimation is carried out according to the clearance of 24m of the Nanjing Yangtze river bridge, the vertical observation height of the system is set to be 50m, and the application requirement is completely met; the system observes for one time, the integral time is 1s, at least 17 times of observation data can be obtained according to the ship navigation speed, the condition that a plurality of ships appear in a view field is identified by combining visible images, and the maximum measurement value of a single ship in the view field is taken as the observation data of the ship.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011101978.9A CN112304871A (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Ship smoke plume emission rapid remote measurement system based on imaging spectrometer |
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| CN202011101978.9A CN112304871A (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Ship smoke plume emission rapid remote measurement system based on imaging spectrometer |
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