CN112304860A - Device and method for testing fiber stiffness - Google Patents
Device and method for testing fiber stiffness Download PDFInfo
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- CN112304860A CN112304860A CN202011478353.4A CN202011478353A CN112304860A CN 112304860 A CN112304860 A CN 112304860A CN 202011478353 A CN202011478353 A CN 202011478353A CN 112304860 A CN112304860 A CN 112304860A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101100008050 Caenorhabditis elegans cut-6 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing the stiffness of fiber, wherein the device comprises a supporting and fixing mechanism and a measuring mechanism; the supporting and fixing mechanism comprises a sample placing table and a plurality of fixing pieces arranged at the top of the sample placing table, a plurality of vertically arranged grooves are formed on the front end face of the sample placing table, and one end of a fiber to be tested is fixed with the top of the sample placing table by the fixing pieces; and one end of the measuring mechanism is provided with a bulge which is inserted into the groove. The testing method comprises the steps of cutting fibers to be tested according to the identification of the sample cutting mechanism, fixing the cut fibers to be tested on the sample placing table through the fixing part mechanism, fixing the airflow disturbance preventing mechanism, taking down the airflow disturbance preventing mechanism after the testing system is stable, testing and recording the fibers to be tested, and representing the stiffness of the fibers to be tested. The testing method and the testing device are simple to operate, the testing result is accurate and efficient, and the problems of poor stability, time consumption in testing and the like of the conventional testing device can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of material testing, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing fiber stiffness.
Background
The fiber composite material has the advantages of good mechanical strength and stability, long-term storage and the like, is rapidly developed in recent years, and is more and more widely applied to the fields of aerospace, medical treatment, electronics, machinery and the like. The stiffness of the fiber refers to the flexural rigidity and softness of the fiber. In general, the fiber has too low stiffness and low strength, and yarn breakage, fuzzing and the like easily occur under high tension, so that the fiber has poor manufacturability; the fiber has overlarge stiffness, larger fiber brittleness, easy yarn breakage and fluffing in the processing process, and poor fiber manufacturability. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a test analysis of the fiber stiffness level.
There are many methods available for testing the stiffness of fibers and fabrics, but most are only applicable to fabrics in bulk form. The carbon fiber bundle is in a strip shape, the stiffness of the carbon fiber bundle can be measured by a slope method, a heart-shaped method, a water drop method and the like, but the fiber to be tested needs to be bent by the heart-shaped method and the water drop method, the carbon fiber is a brittle material, and the fiber to be tested is easily damaged artificially in the experimental process, so that the experimental result is influenced. The inclined plane method is that the fiber to be tested is placed on a horizontal experiment table, the horizontal experiment table is connected with an inclined plane with a fixed angle, a straight ruler is pressed on the fiber to be tested and pushed out towards the inclined plane direction, the fiber to be tested is bent naturally under the action of self gravity until the free end touches the inclined plane, and the visual number of the straight ruler at the moment is read out and used as the reading of the stiffness of the fiber to be tested. The method is more suitable for testing the stiffness of the carbon fiber, but still has the following problems: (1) in the operation process, when the ruler is used for pressing the fibers to be tested and pushing the fibers to be tested out to the inclined plane by using friction force, relative sliding is easy to occur between the ruler and the fibers to be tested, so that the value of an experimental result is larger, in addition, the carbon fibers are poor in wear resistance, the fibers to be tested are easy to damage in the sliding process, and the experimental result deviates from a true value; (2) the test scheme can only test the data of one bundle of fibers at one time, and can not simultaneously perform parallel comparison test on a plurality of fibers to be tested, so that the information of the test result is lost, and the workload is large; (3) the test data is only the extension length and the droop height of the fiber bundle, the droop form cannot be obtained, the experimental information is lost, and an obstacle is caused to the elimination of an abnormal value. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a fiber stiffness testing method and device which are applicable to carbon fibers, accurate in measured data, simple to operate and high in efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing carbon fiber stiffness testing means is easy to damage the fiber to be tested in the experimental process, the testing efficiency is low, the data is inaccurate and the like, and provides a device and a method for testing the stiffness of the fiber.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a testing device for testing the stiffness of a fiber comprises a supporting and fixing mechanism and a measuring mechanism; the supporting and fixing mechanism comprises a sample placing table and a plurality of fixing pieces arranged at the top of the sample placing table, a plurality of vertically arranged grooves are formed on the front end face of the sample placing table, and one end of a fiber to be tested is fixed with the top of the sample placing table by the fixing pieces; and one end of the measuring mechanism is provided with a bulge which is inserted into the groove.
In the technical scheme, the automatic sample cutting device further comprises a cutting mechanism, wherein the cutting mechanism comprises a sample cutting groove arranged at the top of the sample placing table and a sample cutting knife arranged at one end of the sample cutting groove.
In the technical scheme, the device also comprises a camera shooting mechanism, wherein the camera shooting mechanism comprises a coordinate plate and a camera which are respectively arranged at two ends of the supporting and fixing mechanism; the coordinate plate is parallel to the plane where the bent fibers to be tested are located; the camera position is set to the position of the projection view of all the fibers to be tested on the coordinate plate.
In the above technical solution, the air flow disturbance prevention device further comprises an air flow disturbance prevention mechanism, and the air flow disturbance prevention mechanism is a cover body covering the outside of the support fixing mechanism.
In the above technical solution, the supporting and fixing mechanism further includes a base disposed below the sample placing table.
In the technical scheme, the top surface of the base is perpendicular to the end surface of the sample placing table forming groove.
In the technical scheme, the fixing piece is detachably connected with the top surface of the sample placing table, and a timing trigger is arranged in the fixing piece.
In the above technical solution, the positions of the fixing pieces and the grooves are staggered.
In the above technical scheme, a measuring scale is arranged at the lower end of the measuring mechanism.
A test method for testing the stiffness of a fiber, comprising the steps of:
cutting the fiber to be tested
Placing the fiber in a sample cutting groove, wherein one end of the fiber is flush with one end of the sample cutting groove, and cutting the fiber to be tested by a sample cutting knife to finish the preparation of the fiber to be tested;
(ii) fixing the fibre to be tested
Fixing the fiber to be tested cut in the step (i) to the top of the sample placing table firmly by using a fixing part;
(iii) airflow disturbance rejection
Covering the supporting and fixing mechanism and all fibers to be tested by using the airflow disturbance preventing mechanism until all the fibers to be tested in the cover are stable;
(iv) measurement by a measuring mechanism
And taking down the airflow disturbance prevention mechanism, connecting the measuring mechanism with the sample placing table, reading and recording the position of the free end of the fiber to be tested from the scale of the measuring scale 9 of the measuring mechanism, wherein the data is used for representing the stiffness of the fiber bundle.
In the above technical solution, the method further includes step (v) of the image capturing mechanism recording the image capturing, specifically: the method comprises the steps of arranging a coordinate plate and a camera on two sides of a supporting and fixing mechanism respectively, enabling the coordinate plate to be parallel to fibers to be tested, adjusting the position of a camera device, enabling the images to be projections of all the fibers to be tested on the coordinate plate, shooting pictures, guiding the pictures into a computer, and counting the slope of multiple points of each arc line in the pictures so as to represent the stiffness of the material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a device and a method for testing the stiffness of fiber, which adopt a testing method that one end of the fiber to be tested with fixed length is fixed on a horizontal table, and the other end naturally droops to be stable under the self gravity, and then the horizontal distance from the free end of the fiber to the fixed point is tested; the testing device increases the data accuracy and improves the testing efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a supporting and fixing mechanism in a test apparatus for testing fiber stiffness according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of portion B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a measuring mechanism in the test device for measuring the stiffness of a fiber according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of portion C of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a camera mechanism in the test apparatus for testing fiber stiffness according to the present invention.
Wherein:
1 put appearance platform 2 mounting
3 base 4 groove
5 cut 6 sample swoves in appearance groove
7 measuring mechanism 8 projection
9 measuring tape 10 camera
11 coordinate board 12 fiber to be tested.
For a person skilled in the art, other relevant figures can be obtained from the above figures without inventive effort.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present invention for testing the stiffness of the fiber and the method thereof are further described below by referring to the drawings of the specification and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a device for testing fiber stiffness comprises a supporting and fixing mechanism, a cutting mechanism, a measuring mechanism, an airflow disturbance preventing mechanism and a camera shooting mechanism;
the supporting and fixing mechanism comprises a sample placing table 1, a plurality of fixing pieces 2 arranged at the top of the sample placing table and a base 3 arranged below the sample placing table 1.
A plurality of vertically arranged grooves 4 are formed on the front end surface of the sample placing table 1; the cross section of the groove 4 is convex.
The fixing piece 2 is detachably connected with the top surface of the sample placing table 1; the number of the fixing pieces 2 is 2-40, multiple groups of fibers 12 to be tested can be tested at one time, the difference among test samples can be effectively obtained while the working efficiency is improved, the analysis of the test state and the determination of the abnormal value of the test result are facilitated, and the distance between the fibers 12 to be tested is 5-15 mm and is not interfered with each other.
A timing trigger is arranged in the fixing part 2, and the timing device automatically counts time after the fiber to be tested is fixed.
The fixing part 2 is any one of a pressing block, a magnet or an adhesive device which can firmly fix one end of the fiber to be tested on the sample placing table.
The fixing pieces 2 and the grooves 4 are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the measuring mechanism can measure the detailed position of the free end of the fiber to be measured and the bending state of the fiber to be measured under the condition that the measuring mechanism does not contact the fiber to be measured.
The top surface of the base 3 is vertical to the end surface of the sample placing table 1 forming the groove 4.
One end of the fiber 12 to be tested is fixed on the top of the sample placing table 1 through the fixing part 2, the other end of the fiber hangs down freely, and the drooping end is arranged on one side of the sample placing table 1, which forms the groove 4.
The cutting mechanism comprises a sample cutting groove 5 arranged at the top of the sample placing table 1 and a sample cutting knife 6 arranged at one end of the sample cutting groove 5; and scales are arranged at the bottom of the sample cutting groove 5. The length of the cutting scale is equal to the length required by the fiber to be tested. When one end of the fiber 12 to be tested is flush with one end of the scale mark at the required length position, the position of the sample cutter is the other end of the fiber 12 to be tested, and the sample cutter can quickly and accurately cut off the fiber 12 to be tested to finish the preparation of the fiber to be tested.
The measuring mechanism and the connecting end of the sample placing table 1 form a bulge 8, the bulge 8 is connected with the groove 4 in an inserting mode, and the bulge 8 and the groove are in clearance fit.
The measuring mechanism is a right-angle set square and/or a coordinate plate; and a measuring scale 9 is arranged at the lower end of the measuring mechanism 7. The measuring range of the measuring mechanism is more than or equal to the length of the fiber 12 to be measured, and the precision is 1 mm.
The camera shooting mechanism comprises a coordinate plate 11 and a camera 10 which are respectively arranged at two ends of the supporting and fixing mechanism, can record a test state, analyze the difference between samples and eliminate abnormal values.
The coordinate plate 11 is parallel to the plane of the bent fiber 12 to be tested; the camera position is set to a position where the projected view of all the fibers to be tested on the coordinate plate 11 can be captured. The camera shooting mechanism can effectively record the stable state of the fiber to be tested.
The airflow disturbance preventing mechanism is a cover body which is covered outside the supporting and fixing mechanism. The cover body is a transparent or semitransparent thin-wall cover. The airflow disturbance prevention mechanism can be any airflow disturbance prevention device, and the influence of airflow disturbance on an experimental result can be effectively reduced.
Example 2
Based on example 1, a test method for testing the stiffness of fibers comprises the following steps:
cutting the fiber to be tested
Placing the fiber to be tested in a sample cutting groove, wherein when one end of the fiber bundle to be tested is flush with one end of a cutting mechanism, the position of a sample cutting knife is the other end of the sample to be tested, and the sample cutting knife can quickly and accurately cut the sample to finish the preparation of the fiber sample to be tested;
(ii) fixing the fibre to be tested
Fixing the fiber to be tested cut in the step (i) on the top of the sample placing table firmly by using a fixing part, wherein the fixing purpose can be achieved by using the attraction of iron and a magnet, or can be achieved by the self gravity of the sample fixing part, or can be bonded and in any other way which can achieve the purpose;
(iii) airflow disturbance rejection
Covering a transparent or semitransparent airflow disturbance prevention cover on the whole experiment device until the whole experiment system is stable;
(iv) measurement by a measuring mechanism
After the test system is stable, the airflow disturbance prevention cover is taken down, the bulges are sequentially inserted into the groove from top to bottom, the position of the free end of the sample is read from the scale of the measuring scale 9 at the lower end of the measuring mechanism and recorded, and the data is used for representing the stiffness of the fiber bundle;
(v) the image pickup means records the image pickup
The method comprises the steps of arranging a coordinate plate and a camera on two sides of a supporting and fixing mechanism respectively, enabling the coordinate plate to be parallel to fibers to be tested, adjusting the position of a camera device, enabling the images to be projections of all the fibers to be tested on the coordinate plate, shooting pictures, guiding the pictures into a computer, and counting the slope of multiple points of each arc line in the pictures so as to represent the stiffness of the material.
Compared with the prior art, the device of the invention has the following advantages:
1. in the experimental process, the fiber to be tested is not bent or slid artificially, namely, the fiber to be tested is not damaged artificially, so that the reliability of the experimental result is improved;
2. the experimental device considers the influence of airflow disturbance and standing time on experimental results, and further increases the reality and stability of the experimental results;
3. according to the experimental method and the device, the measuring device is accurately matched with the experiment table, so that the accidental contact between the testing device and the fiber to be tested caused by improper operation of a tester in the measuring process can be effectively avoided, the artificial damage of the fiber to be tested is reduced, the experimental rework rate is reduced, and the authenticity of the experimental result is improved;
4. recording the state of the fiber to be tested in the test by using a camera, and analyzing the slope of each micro-segment of the fiber to be tested in the picture after the test, so that abnormal data can be removed and the material characteristics can be mined;
5. the experimental device can test a plurality of fibers to be tested at one time, effectively save the time cost of the experiment and improve the working efficiency;
6. the timing device equipped in the experimental device can accurately remind experimenters of the test progress, and the deviation caused by the standing time difference to the experimental result is avoided.
The testing method and the testing device are simple to operate, the testing result is accurate and efficient, and the problems of poor stability, time consumption in testing and the like of the conventional testing device can be effectively solved.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a test device of test fibre stiffness which characterized in that: comprises a supporting and fixing mechanism and a measuring mechanism (7); the supporting and fixing mechanism comprises a sample placing table (1) and a plurality of fixing pieces (2) arranged at the top of the sample placing table, a plurality of vertically arranged grooves (4) are formed in the front end face of the sample placing table (1), and one end of a fiber (12) to be tested is fixed with the top of the sample placing table (1) by the fixing pieces (2); one end of the measuring mechanism is provided with a bulge (8), and the bulge (8) is spliced with the groove (4).
2. The test device for testing fiber stiffness according to claim 1, wherein: the cutting device is characterized by further comprising a cutting mechanism, wherein the cutting mechanism comprises a sample cutting groove (5) formed in the top of the sample placing table (1) and a sample cutting knife (6) arranged at one end of the sample cutting groove (5).
3. The test device for testing fiber stiffness according to claim 1, wherein: the camera shooting device comprises a support fixing mechanism and a camera, and further comprises a camera shooting mechanism, wherein the camera shooting mechanism comprises a coordinate plate (11) and a camera (10) which are respectively arranged at two ends of the support fixing mechanism; the coordinate plate (11) is parallel to the plane of the bent fiber (12) to be tested; the camera (10) is positioned to capture the projection view of all fibers (12) to be tested on the coordinating plate (11).
4. The test device for testing fiber stiffness according to claim 1, wherein: the anti-airflow disturbance mechanism is a cover body which is arranged outside the supporting and fixing mechanism in a covering mode.
5. The test device for testing fiber stiffness according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting and fixing mechanism further comprises a base (3) arranged below the sample placing table (1).
6. The test device for testing fiber stiffness according to claim 5, wherein: the top surface of the base (3) is vertical to the end surface of the sample placing table (1) forming the groove (4).
7. The test device for testing fiber stiffness according to claim 1, wherein: the fixing piece (2) is detachably connected with the top surface of the sample placing table (1), and a timing trigger is arranged in the fixing piece.
8. The test device for testing fiber stiffness according to claim 1, wherein: and a measuring scale (9) is arranged at the lower end of the measuring mechanism (7).
9. A test method using the test apparatus for testing stiffness of fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
cutting the fiber to be tested
Placing the fiber in a sample cutting groove, wherein one end of the fiber is flush with one end of the sample cutting groove, and cutting the fiber to be tested by a sample cutting knife to finish the preparation of the fiber to be tested;
(ii) fixing the fibre to be tested
Fixing the fiber to be tested cut in the step (i) to the top of the sample placing table firmly by using a fixing part;
(iii) airflow disturbance rejection
Covering the supporting and fixing mechanism and all fibers to be tested by using the airflow disturbance preventing mechanism until all the fibers to be tested in the cover are stable;
(iv) measurement by a measuring mechanism
And taking down the airflow disturbance prevention mechanism, connecting the measuring mechanism with the sample placing table, reading and recording the position of the free end of the fiber to be tested from the scale of the measuring scale 9 of the measuring mechanism, wherein the data is used for representing the stiffness of the fiber bundle.
10. The test method for testing the stiffness of fibers according to claim 9, wherein: still include step (v) camera shooting mechanism record and make a video recording, specifically: the method comprises the steps of arranging a coordinate plate and a camera on two sides of a supporting and fixing mechanism respectively, enabling the coordinate plate to be parallel to fibers to be tested, adjusting the position of a camera device, enabling the images to be projections of all the fibers to be tested on the coordinate plate, shooting pictures, guiding the pictures into a computer, and counting the slope of multiple points of each arc line in the pictures so as to represent the stiffness of the material.
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| CN202011478353.4A CN112304860A (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2020-12-15 | Device and method for testing fiber stiffness |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023065729A1 (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2023-04-27 | 浙江凌迪数字科技有限公司 | Device for testing stiffness and curvature of material |
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| CN211955168U (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-11-17 | 威海拓展纤维有限公司 | Carbon fiber sag detection device |
| CN213986140U (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-08-17 | 核工业理化工程研究院 | Testing arrangement of test fibre stiffness |
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| WO2023065729A1 (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2023-04-27 | 浙江凌迪数字科技有限公司 | Device for testing stiffness and curvature of material |
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