CN112304632A - Transient modulation evaluation method for describing human ear perception - Google Patents

Transient modulation evaluation method for describing human ear perception Download PDF

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CN112304632A
CN112304632A CN202010654276.7A CN202010654276A CN112304632A CN 112304632 A CN112304632 A CN 112304632A CN 202010654276 A CN202010654276 A CN 202010654276A CN 112304632 A CN112304632 A CN 112304632A
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modulation
matrix
sound signal
frequency
human ear
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罗乐
杨少波
杨金才
张亮
蔡晶
付吉云
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Chongqing Changan Automobile Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
    • G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L25/00—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00
    • G10L25/48—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00 specially adapted for particular use
    • G10L25/51—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00 specially adapted for particular use for comparison or discrimination

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Abstract

The invention relates to a transient modulation evaluation method for describing human ear perception, which comprises the following steps: synchronously acquiring an engine rotating speed signal and an in-vehicle sound signal, and dividing an original sound signal matrix S according to a self-defined rotating speed increment; a weighting filtering is carried out on the sound signals to obtain a filtered sound signal matrix SA(ii) a For the filtered sound signal matrix SAPerforming Hilbert transform and calculating to obtain corresponding envelope matrix EA(ii) a For envelope matrix EAFourier transformation is carried out, and a modulation depth matrix D under different modulation frequencies is obtained through calculationA(ii) a And determining the modulation depth of each modulation order under different rotating speeds based on a peak value holding principle according to the corresponding relation between the modulation frequency and the modulation order. The invention can obtain the modulation depth of the modulation order under different transient working conditionsAnd (3) describing transient modulation components perceived by human ears, and providing a parameterized evaluation method for the whole vehicle dynamic sound quality benchmarks of different styles.

Description

Transient modulation evaluation method for describing human ear perception
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sound quality analysis and evaluation, in particular to a transient modulation evaluation method for describing human ear perception.
Background
With the development of automobile NVH control technology, the characteristic of dynamic sound quality is created, and the transmission of brand DNA becomes a development hotspot of each large automobile enterprise. Relevant studies have shown that the quality of sporty sound should be sound with the right half-order ratio and forming certain "sense of modulation" attributes.
Currently, methods for objectively evaluating a sound modulation phenomenon are less researched. Chinese patent publication No. CN101598596A proposes a method for analyzing noise sources, particularly vehicle noise, and realizes objective description of impulse type noise phenomenon by calculation of modulation characteristic parameters. The method has the disadvantages that the band-pass filtering needs to be adopted for multiple times to carry out frequency band decomposition on input signals respectively, and then modulation information is solved, when the transient working condition is analyzed by the processing mode, because a sound signal matrix needs to be established according to the rotating speed, the analysis efficiency is obviously reduced by the multiple times of band-pass filtering, and the current engineering application is only limited to vector type data analysis such as steady-state working conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to propose a method for evaluating transient modulations describing the perception of the human ear, in order to alleviate or eliminate the above-mentioned technical problems.
The invention relates to a transient modulation evaluation method for describing human ear perception, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, synchronously acquiring an engine rotating speed signal and an in-vehicle sound signal, and dividing an original sound signal matrix S according to a self-defined rotating speed increment;
step 2, carrying out A weighting filtering on the sound signals to obtain a filtered sound signal matrix SA；
Step 3, a filtered sound signal matrix SAPerforming Hilbert transform and calculating to obtain correspondingEnvelope matrix EA；
Step 4, aiming at envelope line matrix EAFourier transformation is carried out, and a modulation depth matrix D under different modulation frequencies is obtained through calculationA；
And 5, determining the modulation depth of each modulation order under different rotating speeds based on a peak value holding principle according to the corresponding relation between the modulation frequency and the modulation order.
Further, the step 1 specifically comprises:
collecting engine speed signal and sound signal with the same time sampling rate fs according to initial speed R0And the rotation speed increment delta R determines the central point N (R) of each data blockn)midThen, the start and stop points of each data block are determined according to the frequency resolution df:
N(Rn)1＝N(Rn)mid-fs/2df；N(Rn)end＝N(Rn)mid+fs/2df；
wherein n is 1,2, …, nR，nRThe total number of data blocks of the rotating speed sequence;
the finally divided sound signal matrix is S.
Further, step 2 specifically comprises: first, define the coefficient w of A weighting filterA(f)：
Figure BDA0002574995520000021
Wherein f represents frequency;
then, the sound signal is FFT-transformed: f (f) is FFT [ S ], where f (f) is the corresponding spectrum matrix;
and then, weighting A to the frequency spectrum matrix, and obtaining a filtered sound signal matrix S through FFT inverse transformationA：
Figure BDA0002574995520000022
Further, step 3 specifically comprises:
to SAHilbert transformation is performed in sections, and an absolute value is taken to obtain an envelope matrix EA：
EA＝|Hilbert[SA]|。
Further, step 4 specifically comprises:
first, for EAAnd carrying out FFT (fast Fourier transform) on the segments, and taking an absolute value to obtain an amplitude spectrum:
Figure BDA0002574995520000023
wherein, FAIs a corresponding spectrum matrix, A0Is an amplitude matrix corresponding to 0Hz, AiAn amplitude matrix corresponding to the non-zero frequency;
then, according to A0And AiCalculating a modulation depth matrix DA：
Figure BDA0002574995520000024
Further, step 5 specifically comprises:
firstly, according to the modulation frequency fmDetermining the modulation order O from the speed Rm：
Figure BDA0002574995520000025
Wherein f ismIs a frequency spectrum matrix FAA corresponding modulation frequency;
then, according to the customized order width OwDetermining the upper limit and the lower limit of the modulation frequency:
Figure BDA0002574995520000031
and then determining the modulation depth of each modulation order under different rotating speeds based on the peak value holding principle:
Figure BDA0002574995520000033
fm∈[fmd，fmu]。
according to the invention, the original noise signal is processed in a segmented manner according to the rotating speed, A weighting filtering, Hilbert transform and fast Fourier transform are carried out successively to obtain a transient modulation cloud picture, and the modulation depth of the modulation order under different transient working conditions is extracted and obtained based on the peak value holding principle by further combining the corresponding relation of the rotating speed with the same order, so that the transient modulation component sensed by human ears is described, and a parameterized evaluation method is provided for the whole vehicle dynamic sound quality benchmarks of different styles.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an algorithm flow chart of transient modulation analysis.
Fig. 2 is a transient modulation cloud picture of noise signals in a certain sports car.
Fig. 3 is a transient modulation cloud chart of noise signals in a comfortable car.
Fig. 4 is a comparison of the 1 st order modulation curves of the in-vehicle noise signal.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
A method for evaluating transient modulation describing human ear perception as shown in fig. 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, synchronously acquiring an engine rotating speed signal and an in-vehicle sound signal, and dividing an original sound signal matrix S according to a self-defined rotating speed increment; the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
collecting engine speed signal and sound signal with the same time sampling rate fs according to initial speed R0And the rotation speed increment delta R determines the central point N (R) of each data blockn)midThen, the start and stop points of each data block are determined according to the frequency resolution df:
N(Rn)1＝N(Rn)mid-fs/2df；N(Rn)end＝N(Rn)mid+fs/2df；
wherein n is 1,2, …, nR，nRThe total number of data blocks of the rotating speed sequence;
the finally divided sound signal matrix is S.
Step 2, carrying out A weighting filtering on the sound signals to obtain a filtered sound signal matrix SA(ii) a The step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
first, define the coefficient w of A weighting filterA(f)：
Figure BDA0002574995520000032
Wherein f represents frequency;
then, the sound signal is FFT-transformed: f (f) is FFT [ S ], where f (f) is the corresponding spectrum matrix;
and then, weighting A to the frequency spectrum matrix, and obtaining a filtered sound signal matrix S through FFT inverse transformationA：
Figure BDA0002574995520000041
Step 3, a filtered sound signal matrix SAPerforming Hilbert transform and calculating to obtain corresponding envelope matrix EA(ii) a The step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
to SAHilbert transformation is performed in sections, and an absolute value is taken to obtain an envelope matrix EA：
EA＝|Hilbert[SA]|。
Step 4, aiming at envelope line matrix EAFourier transformation is carried out, and a modulation depth matrix D under different modulation frequencies is obtained through calculationA(ii) a The step 4 specifically comprises the following steps:
first, for EAAnd carrying out FFT (fast Fourier transform) on the segments, and taking an absolute value to obtain an amplitude spectrum:
Figure BDA0002574995520000042
wherein, FAIs a corresponding spectrum matrix, A0Is an amplitude matrix (i.e. DC component matrix) corresponding to 0Hz, AiAn amplitude matrix (i.e., an AC component matrix) corresponding to a non-zero frequency;
then, according to A0And AiCalculating a modulation depth matrix DA：
Figure BDA0002574995520000043
Step 5, determining the modulation depth of each modulation order under different rotating speeds based on a peak value holding principle according to the corresponding relation between the modulation frequency and the modulation order, wherein the step 5 specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, according to the modulation frequency fmAnd the rotational speed R (in rpm) determines the modulation order Om：
Figure BDA0002574995520000044
Wherein f ismIs a frequency spectrum matrix FAA corresponding modulation frequency;
then, according to the customized order width OwDetermining the upper limit and the lower limit of the modulation frequency:
Figure BDA0002574995520000045
and then determining the modulation depth of each modulation order under different rotating speeds based on the peak value holding principle:
Figure BDA0002574995520000046
the transient modulation evaluation method for describing human ear perception is applied to a certain sports car and a certain comfortable car for verification.
Fig. 2 is a transient modulation cloud chart (three-dimensional graph of rotation speed, modulation frequency and modulation depth, which shows that the order modulation characteristics are significant, and low-order modulations of 0.5 order, 1 order, 1.5 order, 2 order and the like are most significant) of noise signals in a certain sports car.
Fig. 3 is a transient modulation cloud chart (three-dimensional graph of rotation speed, modulation frequency and modulation depth) of a noise signal in a comfortable car, and it can be found that the order modulation characteristic is not obvious relative to a sports car.
Fig. 4 is a comparison of 1-order modulation curves of noise signals in a car, and it can be found that the modulation depth of a comfortable car in a full rotation speed range changes smoothly, while the modulation depth of a sports car in a rotation speed range above 2krpm is obviously increased, and the subjective feeling of the human ears on the particles can be effectively evaluated.
Therefore, the transient modulation component perceived by the human ear can be quantized according to the transient modulation evaluation method for describing human ear perception, and a parameterized evaluation method is provided for the whole vehicle dynamic sound quality benchmarks of different styles.

Claims (6)

1. A transient modulation evaluation method for describing human ear perception is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, synchronously acquiring an engine rotating speed signal and an in-vehicle sound signal, and dividing an original sound signal matrix S according to a self-defined rotating speed increment;
step 2, carrying out A weighting filtering on the sound signals to obtain a filtered sound signal matrix SA；
Step 3, a filtered sound signal matrix SAPerforming Hilbert transform and calculating to obtain corresponding envelope matrix EA；
Step 4, aiming at envelope line matrix EAFourier transformation is carried out, and a modulation depth matrix D under different modulation frequencies is obtained through calculationA；
And 5, determining the modulation depth of each modulation order under different rotating speeds based on a peak value holding principle according to the corresponding relation between the modulation frequency and the modulation order.
2. The method for evaluating transient modulation describing human ear perception according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 specifically comprises:
collecting engine speed signal and sound signal with the same time sampling rate fs according to initial speed R0And the rotation speed increment delta R determines the central point N (R) of each data blockn)midThen, the start and stop points of each data block are determined according to the frequency resolution df:
N(Rn)1＝N(Rn)mid-fs/2df；N(Rn)end＝N(Rn)mid+fs/2df；
wherein n is 1,2, …, nR，nRThe total number of data blocks of the rotating speed sequence;
the finally divided sound signal matrix is S.
3. The method for evaluating transient modulation describing human ear perception according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 specifically comprises: first, define the coefficient w of A weighting filterA(f)：
Figure FDA0002574995510000011
Wherein f represents frequency;
then, the sound signal is FFT-transformed: f (f) is FFT [ S ], where f (f) is the corresponding spectrum matrix;
and then, weighting A to the frequency spectrum matrix, and obtaining a filtered sound signal matrix S through FFT inverse transformationA：
Figure FDA0002574995510000012
4. The method for evaluating transient modulation describing human ear perception according to claim 1, wherein step 3 specifically comprises:
to SAHilbert transformation is performed in sections, and an absolute value is taken to obtain an envelope matrix EA：
EA＝|Hilbert[SA]|。
5. The method for evaluating transient modulation describing human ear perception according to claim 1, wherein step 4 specifically comprises:
first, for EAAnd carrying out FFT (fast Fourier transform) on the segments, and taking an absolute value to obtain an amplitude spectrum:
Figure FDA0002574995510000021
wherein, FAIs a corresponding spectrum matrix, A0Is an amplitude matrix corresponding to 0Hz, AiAn amplitude matrix corresponding to the non-zero frequency;
then, according to A0And AiCalculating a modulation depth matrix DA：
Figure FDA0002574995510000022
6. The method for evaluating transient modulation describing human ear perception according to claim 1, wherein step 5 specifically comprises:
firstly, according to the modulation frequency fmDetermining the modulation order O from the speed Rm：
Figure FDA0002574995510000023
Wherein f ismIs a frequency spectrum matrix FAA corresponding modulation frequency;
then, according to the customized order width OwDetermining the upper limit and the lower limit of the modulation frequency:
Figure FDA0002574995510000024
and then determining the modulation depth of each modulation order under different rotating speeds based on the peak value holding principle:
Figure FDA0002574995510000025
fm∈[fmd,fmu]。
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Cited By (1)

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CN113758713A (en) * 2021-08-09 2021-12-07 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 Adaptive rough acoustic frequency band identification method

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CN109747575A (en) * 2018-12-05 2019-05-14 江苏大学 A kind of multi-mode in-vehicle sound quality optimization system based on order optimization
CN110285982A (en) * 2019-07-31 2019-09-27 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 Evaluation method, device and the controller of the sound quality relative variation of automobile or engine
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101598596A (en) * 2008-06-06 2009-12-09 福特环球技术公司 Analyze the particularly method and apparatus of the noise of vehicle of noise source
CN107642426A (en) * 2017-08-31 2018-01-30 清华大学苏州汽车研究院（相城） A kind of automobile engine noise initiative control method and system
CN109194306A (en) * 2018-08-28 2019-01-11 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 A kind of method and device quantifying automobile noise modulation problems
CN109211570A (en) * 2018-11-12 2019-01-15 吉林大学 A kind of electric drive power assembly system noise source separation recognition methods
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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