CN112304234A - Automatic measuring device and measuring method for expansion and shrinkage changes of concrete blocks - Google Patents
Automatic measuring device and measuring method for expansion and shrinkage changes of concrete blocks Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
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- G01B11/026—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness by measuring distance between sensor and object
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic measuring device and a measuring method for the expansion and contraction change of a concrete block, wherein the automatic measuring device for the expansion and contraction change of the concrete block comprises a sample test board and a laser assembly, and the laser assembly is also used for calculating the distance between the laser assembly and the concrete block; the high-definition camera assembly is used for shooting the length and the width of the concrete block; the laser assembly and the high-definition camera assembly are in communication connection with the central control computer assembly; the laser assembly is also used for generating a distance signal, and the central control computer assembly calculates the thickness of the concrete block according to the distance signal; the high-definition camera assembly is used for generating a contour image signal, and the central control computer assembly calculates the expansion and contraction rate of the concrete block according to the contour image signal. According to the invention, the laser assembly is utilized to measure the thickness of the concrete block, and the high-definition camera assembly is utilized to measure the expansion and contraction rate of the concrete block, so that the detection precision and the working efficiency of the concrete block are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of masonry material measurement, in particular to an automatic measuring device and method for expansion and shrinkage changes of concrete blocks.
Background
The masonry material has different expansion coefficients, so that the masonry material has uneven shrinkage and different expansion amount, and is influenced by temperature difference, and cracks can be generated in the masonry material. For concrete blocks, the joint mortar is not full or tie bars are omitted, which in turn can cause cracking of the concrete blocks. The structural cracks generated by the concrete blocks will affect the structural strength, the use function and the beauty of the building main body. Seriously, the integrity and safety of the main structure of the building are damaged, and the service life of the building is reduced. At present, most of traditional concrete block detection methods adopt a manual mode for measurement, so that the defects of low efficiency, poor repeatability of measurement points and the like of concrete block detection are caused, and the defects of more time consumption, high labor intensity of operators and the like also exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that the efficiency of measuring concrete blocks by manpower is low in the prior art, and provides an automatic measuring device and a measuring method for the expansion and contraction changes of the concrete blocks.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an automatic measuring device of concrete block breathing change for concrete block's measurement, its characterized in that, the automatic measuring device of concrete block breathing change includes:
the sample test bench is used for placing the concrete building block to be tested and is provided with a support frame assembly;
the laser assemblies are arranged on the support frame assembly, the number of the laser assemblies is three, the laser assemblies are used for emitting laser to the concrete building block and receiving the laser reflected by the concrete building block, and the laser assemblies are also used for calculating the distance between the laser assemblies and the concrete building block;
the high-definition camera assembly is arranged on the support frame assembly and is positioned in the center of the three laser assemblies, and the high-definition camera assembly is used for shooting the length and the width of the concrete block;
the laser assembly and the high-definition camera assembly are in communication connection with the central control computer assembly;
the laser assembly is further used for generating a distance signal and transmitting the distance signal to the central control computer assembly, and the central control computer assembly is used for receiving the distance signal and calculating the thickness of the concrete block according to the distance signal;
the high-definition camera assembly is used for generating a contour image signal and transmitting the contour image signal to the central control computer assembly, and the central control computer assembly is used for receiving the contour image signal and calculating the expansion and contraction rate of the concrete block according to the contour image signal.
In this scheme, through locating laser subassembly, high definition camera subassembly and well control computer subassembly on the sample test platform, all with laser subassembly and high definition camera subassembly and well control computer subassembly communication connection, utilize the thickness of laser subassembly measurement concrete block, utilize the high definition camera subassembly to measure the swell-shrink rate of concrete block, realized the automated inspection of concrete block, increased substantially the precision and the work efficiency that concrete block detected, also improved the repeatability that concrete block detected.
Preferably, the high-definition camera assembly is further configured to shoot the surface of the concrete block and generate a surface image signal, and the high-definition camera assembly is further configured to transmit the surface image signal to the central control computer assembly, and the central control computer assembly is configured to receive the surface image signal and calculate a crack and a dry-wet change of the concrete block according to the surface image signal.
Preferably, the laser assembly comprises a laser transmitter, a laser receiver and a height adjusting piece, wherein the height adjusting piece is used for adjusting the distance between the laser transmitter, the laser receiver and the sample test bench.
Preferably, the high-definition camera assembly comprises a high-definition camera and an image acquisition module, and the image acquisition module is used for transmitting an image shot by the high-definition camera to the central control computer assembly.
Preferably, the central control computer assembly further comprises a data communication module, and is in bidirectional communication with the laser assembly and the high-definition camera assembly through the data communication module.
Preferably, the data communication module is an RS232 serial communication interface circuit or an RS485 serial communication interface circuit.
Preferably, the central control computer assembly is further used for displaying or recording the thickness and the expansion and contraction rate of the concrete block.
Preferably, the laser assembly and the high-definition camera assembly are arranged above the sample test bench.
The method for measuring the expansion and contraction of the concrete block is characterized by using the automatic measuring device for the expansion and contraction change of the concrete block.
In the method, the automatic measuring device for the expansion and contraction change of the concrete blocks is utilized, so that the automatic detection of the concrete blocks is realized, the detection precision and the working efficiency of the concrete blocks are greatly improved, and the detection repeatability of the concrete blocks is also improved.
Preferably, the method for measuring the expansion and contraction of the concrete block comprises the following steps:
s1: arranging the concrete block to be tested on the sample test board;
s2: adjusting the concrete building block to be right below the laser assembly and the high-definition camera assembly;
s3: and the laser assembly and the high-definition camera assembly are controlled by the central control computer assembly, and the thickness and the expansion and contraction rate of the concrete block are calculated.
On the basis of the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined randomly to obtain the preferred embodiments of the invention.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, the laser assembly, the high-definition camera assembly and the central control computer assembly are arranged on the sample test board, the laser assembly and the high-definition camera assembly are both in communication connection with the central control computer assembly, the laser assembly is used for measuring the thickness of the concrete block, and the high-definition camera assembly is used for measuring the expansion and contraction rate of the concrete block, so that the automatic detection of the concrete block is realized, the detection precision and the working efficiency of the concrete block are greatly improved, and the detection repeatability of the concrete block is also improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the working principle of the automatic measuring device for the expansion and contraction change of the concrete building block according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for measuring the expansion and contraction of the concrete block according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic measuring device for the expansion and contraction change of concrete blocks according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
High definition camera assembly 13
Central control computer assembly 14
Concrete block 91
Supporting frame 103
Height adjustment sliding groove 106
Testboard adjusting knob 107
Detailed Description
The present invention will be more clearly and completely described below by way of examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the present embodiment is an automatic measuring device 100 for the expansion and contraction change of concrete blocks, which is used for measuring the concrete blocks 91, and the automatic measuring device 100 for the expansion and contraction change of concrete blocks comprises: the system comprises a sample test bench 11, a laser component 12, a high-definition camera component 13 and a central control computer component 14; the sample test bench 11 is used for placing the concrete block 91 to be tested, and the sample test bench 11 is provided with a support frame assembly; the laser assemblies 12 are arranged on the support frame assembly, the number of the laser assemblies 12 is three, the laser assemblies 12 are used for emitting laser to the concrete building block 91 and receiving the laser reflected by the concrete building block 91, and the laser assemblies 12 are also used for calculating the distance between the laser assemblies 12 and the concrete building block 91; the high-definition camera assembly 13 is arranged on the support frame assembly, the high-definition camera assembly 13 is positioned in the center of the three laser assemblies 12, and the high-definition camera assembly 13 is used for shooting the length and the width of the concrete building block 91; the central control computer assembly 14 is arranged on the support frame assembly, and the laser assembly 12 and the high-definition camera assembly 13 are in communication connection with the central control computer assembly 14; the laser assembly 12 is further configured to generate a distance signal and transmit the distance signal to the central control computer assembly 14, and the central control computer assembly 14 is configured to receive the distance signal and calculate the thickness of the concrete block 91 according to the distance signal; the high-definition camera assembly 13 is configured to generate a contour image signal and transmit the contour image signal to the central control computer assembly 14, and the central control computer assembly 14 is configured to receive the contour image signal and calculate the expansion and contraction rate of the concrete block 91 according to the contour image signal. Through locating laser subassembly 12, high definition camera subassembly 13 and central control computer subassembly 14 on sample test platform 11, all with laser subassembly 12 and high definition camera subassembly 13 and central control computer subassembly 14 communication connection, utilize laser subassembly 12 to measure concrete block 91's thickness, utilize high definition camera subassembly 13 to measure concrete block 91's breathing rate, the automated inspection of concrete block 91 has been realized, the precision and the work efficiency that concrete block 91 detected have been increased substantially, the repeatability that concrete block 91 detected has also been improved.
In other embodiments, the distance between the laser assembly 12 and the concrete block 91 may also be calculated using the central computer assembly 14. The laser component 12 only needs to send a time signal from the laser emission to the reflected laser reception to the central control computer 14, and the central control computer 14 can calculate the corresponding distance.
The automatic measuring device 100 for the expansion and contraction change of the concrete block of the embodiment has the characteristics of good reliability, high detection precision and high automation degree, and can automatically measure the expansion and contraction change of the concrete block 91 in a non-direct contact manner.
The automatic measuring device 100 for the expansion and contraction change of the concrete building block comprises a laser assembly 12, a high-definition camera assembly 13 and a central computer assembly 14. The method is suitable for measuring the expansibility of the concrete block 91 with various shapes, textures and thicknesses. The automatic measuring device 100 for the expansion and contraction change of the concrete block of the embodiment is used for measuring the expansion and contraction property of the concrete block 91, and the measured data can reflect the expansion and contraction change of the concrete block 91 more truly.
The automatic measuring device 100 for the expansion and contraction change of the concrete building block of the embodiment adopts a modular structure, is reasonable in design, simple and convenient to operate, high in automation degree, capable of being operated remotely, good in using effect, convenient to maintain and replace parts and convenient to use, and provides convenience for saving use cost. Compared with the traditional manual mode, the automatic detection device can thoroughly overcome the defects of manual detection, automatically measure the expansion and contraction changes of the concrete blocks 91, greatly improve the detection precision and the working efficiency, and facilitate the rapid and efficient detection in the civil engineering construction field.
The automatic measuring device 100 for the expansion and contraction change of the concrete block utilizes the three groups of laser assemblies 12 to aim at a target to sequentially emit laser pulses, the laser is scattered in all directions after being reflected by the target, part of scattered light returns to a laser receiver and is received by an optical system of the laser assemblies 12, the laser assemblies 12 record and process the time from the emission of the light pulses to the return of the light pulses, the target distance can be measured, the direct contact with the concrete block 91 is avoided, the disturbance to the concrete block 91 is reduced, and therefore the measuring precision of the thickness change of the concrete block 91 is improved. The high-definition camera assembly 13 can accurately record the expansion and shrinkage change of the concrete block 91 and display the influence factors of surface cracking and dry-wet deformation in the expansion and shrinkage change process of the concrete block 91, so that the engineering safety and reliability are improved.
In order to further detect the concrete block 91, the high-definition camera assembly 13 is further configured to capture the surface of the concrete block 91 and generate a surface image signal, the high-definition camera assembly 13 is further configured to transmit the surface image signal to the central control computer assembly 14, and the central control computer assembly 14 is configured to receive the surface image signal and calculate the crack and the dry-wet change of the concrete block 91 according to the surface image signal.
As an embodiment, the laser assembly 12 includes a laser transmitter, a laser receiver, and a height adjuster for adjusting the distance between the laser transmitter and the laser receiver and the sample test stand 11.
In a specific embodiment, the high-definition camera assembly 13 includes a high-definition camera and an image capturing module, and the image capturing module is used for transmitting an image captured by the high-definition camera to the central control computer assembly 14.
In order to improve the reliability of communication, the central control computer assembly 14 further comprises a data communication module, and is in bidirectional communication with the laser assembly 12 and the high-definition camera assembly 13 through the data communication module.
As a specific implementation manner, the data communication module is an RS232 serial communication interface circuit or an RS485 serial communication interface circuit.
To improve the adaptability, the central control computer assembly 14 is also used to display or record the thickness and the expansion and contraction rate of the concrete block 91.
For convenience of use, the laser assembly 12 and the high definition camera assembly 13 are both disposed above the sample testing station 11.
As a using method, before the test, the concrete block 91 to be tested is firstly placed on the sample test platform 11, and the concrete block 91 is rotated to be opposite to the laser component 12 and the high-definition camera component 13; and then adjusting the height to enable the laser assembly 12 to be at a proper height, clicking a start test button of the central control computer assembly 14 to acquire data, calculating the thickness change, the expansion and contraction rate and other data of the concrete block 91, enabling the central control computer assembly 14 to automatically record the surface expansion and contraction change of the concrete block 91 at regular time, and finally automatically storing the data into a corresponding file through an intelligent control system.
As shown in fig. 2, this embodiment is a method for measuring the expansion and contraction of concrete blocks, which uses the above automatic measuring device 100 for the expansion and contraction change of concrete blocks. By utilizing the automatic measuring device 100 for the expansion and contraction change of the concrete blocks, the automatic detection of the concrete blocks 91 is realized, the detection precision and the working efficiency of the concrete blocks 91 are greatly improved, and the detection repeatability of the concrete blocks 91 is also improved.
As a specific implementation mode, the method for measuring the expansion and contraction of the concrete building block comprises the following steps:
s1: arranging the concrete block 91 to be tested on the sample test board 11;
s2: adjusting the concrete building block 91 to be right below the laser assembly 12 and the high-definition camera assembly 13;
s3: and the laser assembly 12 and the high-definition camera assembly 13 are controlled by the central control computer assembly 14, and the thickness and the expansion and contraction rate of the concrete block 91 are calculated.
As a specific implementation step, the following steps can be carried out: when the start button of the computer unit 14 is clicked, the laser unit 12 emits a laser pulse, and the high-definition camera unit 13 starts a timed photographing program. The emitted laser pulse is scattered to all directions after being reflected by the test target, the laser displacement sensor assembly receives part of the returned scattered light, records and generates an electronic signal, and the central control computer assembly 14 starts to generate the time t from the emission of the light pulse to the return and the reception of the light pulse.
The computer inputs the formula:
L＝(v×t)/2 (1)
the distances L1, L2 and L3 from the three groups of laser assemblies 12 to the surface of the sample are respectively calculated, and then the vertical height h from the laser assemblies 12 to the surface of the sample is calculated by using the mathematical principle of 'three-point determination of planes'.
And (3) obtaining the thickness of the sample according to the formula (2).
d＝s-h (2)
Wherein:
v: the speed of light;
d: the thickness of the sample;
s: the height of the laser assembly 12 to the test stand;
t: the time from the laser pulse emission to the return.
h: the vertical height of the laser assembly 12 to the sample surface;
then by the following formula:
the limiting expansion (contraction) ratio is calculated as follows：
In the formula:
ε -limiting expansion rate of the measured age,%;
L1-the length value of the specimen in the measured age, mm;
l-initial length value of the test piece, mm
L0The reference length of the test piece, mm.
Concrete shrinkage calculation formula:
in the formula:
εsh(t) -shrinkage on drying over time t;
3.24×10-4-final shrinkage of the concrete in the standard state;
M1 M2…Mn-correction factor in non-standard state.
The stress strain has the following relationship:
σy＝σz＝σ,σy＝0,εy＝εz＝ε
assuming that the strain ε is a linear function of x, then:
in the formula:
alpha-coefficient of linear expansion of concrete;
a, B is a function of time, independent of coordinates.
For the convenience of calculation, assuming that the origin of coordinates is at the center of the plate, due to the characteristics of the free plate, the axial force and the bending moment on the cross section of the plate are both zero, so that the method comprises the following steps:
in the formula:
s-the difference between the origin of coordinates of the static moment of the graph to the plate center when the temperature field is calculated and the origin of coordinates calculated by the stress-strain relationship is L/2, so the stress-strain relationship can be finally expressed as:
in the formula: μ -Poisson's ratio;
e-modulus of elasticity of concrete.
According to the temperature field formula:
the influence of the surrounding environment on the shrinkage is mainly in the middle and later period of the engineering and the operation period, and the concrete reaches a certain hardness, so the elastic modulus is considered to be a stable value. And substituting the formula temperature field formula into the formula stress-strain relation final formula sigma to obtain a final stress value.
The data such as stress strain, expansion and contraction rate and the like of the sample can be obtained according to the formula, and finally the result is displayed on a computer touch screen or transmitted to a remote terminal.
The measuring method for the expansion and shrinkage of the concrete block is reasonable in design, simple and convenient to operate and good in using effect, reduces disturbance to the concrete block 91, improves the measuring precision of the thickness change of the concrete block 91, and can accurately record the expansion and shrinkage change of the concrete block 91.
As shown in fig. 3, the structural schematic diagram of an automatic measuring device 100 for the expansion and contraction change of a concrete block is shown, and the device specifically includes a sample testing platform 11, a laser component 12, a high definition camera component 13, a central control computer component 14, a communication interface 101, a support frame 103, a height adjusting button 104, a device support platform 102, a height adjusting sliding groove 106, and a testing platform adjusting knob 107.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic measuring device for the expansion and contraction change of concrete blocks, which is used for measuring the concrete blocks, and is characterized in that the automatic measuring device for the expansion and contraction change of the concrete blocks comprises:
the sample test bench is used for placing the concrete building block to be tested and is provided with a support frame assembly;
the laser assemblies are arranged on the support frame assembly, the number of the laser assemblies is three, the laser assemblies are used for emitting laser to the concrete building block and receiving the laser reflected by the concrete building block, and the laser assemblies are also used for calculating the distance between the laser assemblies and the concrete building block;
the high-definition camera assembly is arranged on the support frame assembly and is positioned in the center of the three laser assemblies, and the high-definition camera assembly is used for shooting the length and the width of the concrete block;
the laser assembly and the high-definition camera assembly are in communication connection with the central control computer assembly;
the laser assembly is further used for generating a distance signal and transmitting the distance signal to the central control computer assembly, and the central control computer assembly is used for receiving the distance signal and calculating the thickness of the concrete block according to the distance signal;
the high-definition camera assembly is used for generating a contour image signal and transmitting the contour image signal to the central control computer assembly, and the central control computer assembly is used for receiving the contour image signal and calculating the expansion and contraction rate of the concrete block according to the contour image signal.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said high definition camera assembly is further adapted to capture a surface of said concrete block and generate a surface image signal, said high definition camera assembly is further adapted to transmit said surface image signal to said central control computer assembly, said central control computer assembly is adapted to receive said surface image signal and calculate cracks and wet-dry changes of said concrete block based on said surface image signal.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said laser assembly comprises a laser transmitter, a laser receiver and a height adjuster for adjusting the distance between said laser transmitter and said laser receiver and said sample testing table.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said high definition camera assembly comprises a high definition camera and an image acquisition module, said image acquisition module is used to transmit images captured by said high definition camera to said central control computer assembly.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said central control computer assembly further comprises a data communication module and is in two-way communication with said laser assembly and said high definition camera assembly via said data communication module.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said data communication module is an RS232 serial communication interface circuit or an RS485 serial communication interface circuit.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said central control computer unit is further adapted to display or record the thickness and the expansion and contraction rate of said concrete block.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said laser assembly and said high definition camera assembly are positioned above said sample testing station.
9. A method of measuring the expansion and contraction of a concrete block using an automatic measuring device of the expansion and contraction change of a concrete block according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The method of measuring concrete block expansion and contraction according to claim 9, wherein the method of measuring concrete block expansion and contraction comprises the steps of:
s1: arranging the concrete block to be tested on the sample test board;
s2: adjusting the concrete building block to be right below the laser assembly and the high-definition camera assembly;
s3: and the laser assembly and the high-definition camera assembly are controlled by the central control computer assembly, and the thickness and the expansion and contraction rate of the concrete block are calculated.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114136219A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-03-04 | 大连海事大学 | Tunnel wet spraying vehicle guniting thickness real-time detection device and method based on line structured light |
| CN114136219B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2024-02-13 | 大连海事大学 | Tunnel wet spraying vehicle guniting thickness real-time detection device and method based on line structured light |
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