CN112302560B - Blowout prevention device capable of reducing drilling fluid kinetic energy - Google Patents
Blowout prevention device capable of reducing drilling fluid kinetic energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN112302560B CN112302560B CN202011128821.5A CN202011128821A CN112302560B CN 112302560 B CN112302560 B CN 112302560B CN 202011128821 A CN202011128821 A CN 202011128821A CN 112302560 B CN112302560 B CN 112302560B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002337 anti-port Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling engineering and discloses a blowout prevention device capable of reducing drilling fluid energy, which comprises a body, wherein a flashboard cavity is formed in the body, a flashboard body is connected to the interior of the flashboard cavity in a sliding manner, a containing cavity communicated with the flashboard body is formed in the body, a pressing plate, a connecting rod and a wheel plate are respectively arranged in the containing cavity, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the bottom surface of the pressing plate in a sliding manner, the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top surface of the wheel plate, blades are arranged in the middle of the wheel plate, and the pressing plate, the wheel plate and the flashboard body are of semicircular structures and are two in number. According to the invention, through the structure of the wheel plate and the blades, the kinetic energy of the drilling fluid is converted into the kinetic energy of the rotation of the wheel plate and the elastic potential energy of the coil spring, so that the impact force of the drilling fluid at the initial stage of the well kick is reduced, the damage of the drilling fluid to the brake plate body is reduced, the service life of the brake plate body is prolonged, and the safety performance of the blowout preventer is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling engineering, in particular to a blowout prevention device capable of reducing the hydraulic energy of a drilling fluid.
Background
During drilling, the pressure of the drilling fluid column in the wellbore is always made slightly greater than the formation pressure in order to prevent the invasion of formation fluids into the environment. However, in the drilling operation, the pressure difference of the well is changed due to the change of some abnormal factors, so that the formation pressure is higher than the pressure of a drilling fluid column, and a well kick or blowout accident occurs. And can meet the requirements of the modern drilling new process, reduce the pollution to the environment and the waste of oil and gas resources. The ram blowout preventer is the main equipment for controlling the pressure of a wellhead in the blowout preventer and has the characteristics of high pressure bearing capacity and high reliability. The hydraulic ram blowout preventer consists of an object, a side door, a ram, a hydraulic cylinder of a hydraulic control part, a piston, a ram shaft, a cylinder cover and the like, wherein hydraulic oil of the hydraulic control system enters a closing cavity of the hydraulic cylinder to push the piston to move centripetally, and the piston drives the ram shaft to enable the ram to close and squeeze centripetally, so that a well head is fully closed or an annular space between a well head sleeve and a drilling tool is closed.
The ram is a main execution component for completing the function of the blowout preventer, when a kick or blowout occurs, a large amount of drilling fluid vertically rushes to the surface of the ram under the action of pressure, and the impact force of the high-speed flowing drilling fluid on the ram is easy to damage the ram, so that the blowout prevention function fails.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing blowout preventer in the background technology in the using process, the invention provides a blowout prevention device capable of reducing the kinetic energy of drilling fluid during blowout, which has the advantage of reducing the kinetic energy of the drilling fluid during blowout and solves the problem that the flashboard proposed in the background technology is easily damaged due to the impact of the high-speed drilling fluid.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a can reduce well drilling hydraulic energy prevent blowout device, includes the body, the flashboard chamber has been seted up to the inside of body, the inside sliding connection in flashboard chamber has the flashboard body, the chamber of accomodating that link up with the flashboard body is seted up to the inside of body, the inside of accomodating the chamber is equipped with clamp plate, connecting rod and wheel board respectively, the one end sliding connection of connecting rod is in the bottom surface of clamp plate, the other end fixed connection of connecting rod is at the top surface of wheel board, the centre of wheel board is equipped with the blade, clamp plate and wheel board and flashboard body are semi-circular structure and quantity and are two.
Preferably, the bottom surface of clamp plate is provided with the slope slide, clamp plate and slope slide integrated into one piece, connecting rod sliding connection is in the inside of slope slide, the transversal ellipse circular that personally submits of slope slide, two the clamp plate docks the one side sliding connection that the back clamp plate is close to the body inner wall on the inner wall of body.
Preferably, two the relative side of wheel board all is equipped with interior sealing strip and magnet, two the magnet position in the wheel board corresponds and inter attraction.
Preferably, the periphery of the wheel plate is provided with a connecting outer ring positioned in the containing cavity, a flexible connecting strip is connected between the wheel plate and the connecting outer ring, the periphery of the connecting outer ring is provided with a coil spring, an inner connecting end of the coil spring is connected with the outer wall of the connecting outer ring, and an outer connecting end of the coil spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the body.
Preferably, the upper and lower surface of wheel board all is equipped with sealed sand grip, set up on the inner wall of body and be located and accomodate chamber department and with the corresponding draw-in groove of sealed sand grip, the rotatory inside at the draw-in groove that cup joints of sealed sand grip.
Preferably, the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the ram body are provided with boss sealing strips, and the fixed connecting rod is located on one side of the boss sealing strips close to the central axis of the body.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, through the structure of the wheel plate and the blades, the kinetic energy of the drilling fluid is converted into the kinetic energy of the rotation of the wheel plate and the elastic potential energy of the coil spring, so that the impact force of the drilling fluid at the initial stage of the well kick is reduced, the damage of the drilling fluid to the brake plate body is reduced, the service life of the brake plate body is prolonged, and the safety performance of the blowout preventer is improved.
2. According to the invention, the action of reducing the flow velocity of drilling fluid is achieved by utilizing the enlarged space and the downward pressure opposite to the flow direction of the drilling fluid through the up-and-down movement of the pressure plate, so that the impact force of the drilling fluid on the brake plate body is further reduced, and the purpose of protecting the brake plate body is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial top plan view of the wheel plate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the body of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of the wheel plate of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the platen of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a body; 2. a shutter cavity; 3. a shutter body; 4. a receiving cavity; 5. pressing a plate; 501. inclining the slideway; 6. a connecting rod; 7. a wheel plate; 701. a blade; 702. an inner seal strip; 8. fixing the connecting rod; 9. sealing the convex strips; 10. connecting an outer ring; 1001. a flexible connecting strip; 11. a coil spring; 12. and a magnet.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, a blowout prevention device capable of reducing the hydraulic energy of a drilling fluid comprises a body 1, a gate plate cavity 2 is formed inside the body 1, a gate plate body 3 is slidably connected inside the gate plate cavity 2, one end of the gate plate body 3, which is far away from the central axis of the body 1, is connected with a push rod, the push rod is connected with a piston, the gate plate body 3 is driven to move by the pressure of hydraulic oil, the above is known technology, the partial structure of the device is not shown in the figure of the present scheme, a containing cavity 4 communicated with the gate plate body 3 is formed inside the body 1, a pressure plate 5, a connecting rod 6 and a wheel plate 7 are respectively arranged inside the containing cavity 4, one end of the connecting rod 6 is slidably connected to the bottom surface of the pressure plate 5, the other end of the connecting rod 6 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the wheel plate 7, a vertically-telescopic fixed connecting rod 8 is fixedly connected between the gate plate body 3 and the pressure plate 5, referring to fig. 1 and 3, the containing cavity 4 respectively comprises a fixed connecting rod 8, The middle of the wheel plate 7 is provided with blades 701, the blades 701 and the wheel plate 7 form an impeller, when drilling fluid impacts the wheel plate 7, the drilling fluid flows on the surface of the blades 701 and causes the wheel plate 7 to rotate, the pressing plates 5, the wheel plate 7 and the flashboard bodies 3 are of semicircular structures, the number of the pressing plates 5, the number of the flashboard bodies 7 and the number of the flashboard bodies 3 are two, drill strings are sleeved on the middle portions of the flashboard bodies 3, the pressing plates 5, the connecting rods 6 and the wheel plate 7, and the pressing plates 5, the connecting rods 6 and the wheel plate 7 move in the radial direction of the body 1 synchronously through fixed connecting rods 8 connected with the flashboard bodies 3.
The bottom surface of the pressing plate 5 is provided with an inclined slideway 501, the pressing plate 5 and the inclined slideway 501 are integrally formed, the connecting rod 6 is connected in the inclined slideway 501 in a sliding manner, the inclined slideway 501 is also divided into two halves which are respectively positioned on the two pressing plates 5, when the inclined slideways 501 on the two pressing plates 5 are matched together, the cross section of the inclined slideway 501 is oval, the inclined slideway 501 is similar to the cross section of a cylinder which is obliquely cut from the side surface, and one surface of the pressing plate 5, which is close to the inner wall of the body 1, after the two pressing plates 5 are matched, is connected on the inner wall of the body 1 in a sliding manner.
The opposite side surfaces of the two wheel plates 7 are respectively provided with an inner sealing strip 702 and a magnet 12, the magnets 12 in the two wheel plates 7 are corresponding in position and mutually attracted, the inner sealing strips 702 are used for improving the sealing performance between the wheel plates 7 and a drill string, and reducing or even preventing drilling fluid from flowing upwards from a connecting gap between the wheel plates 7 and the drill string, but the wheel plates 7 rotate around the drill string, so that the gap is inevitable and not completely sealed, and like the movable connection between a piston and a cylinder body in an oil cylinder, a narrow gap is formed but is very small relative to the amount of drilling fluid flowing through the blades 701, so that the situation can be ignored; in addition, when the inner sealing strip 702 rotates, the friction force between the inner sealing strip and the outer wall of the drill string is large, so that the kinetic energy of the drilling fluid is effectively converted into internal energy generated by friction; if the drill string is made of magnetic materials, the magnet 12 and the drill string have the mutual attraction effect, and the connection firmness of the two wheel plates 7 and the connection firmness between the wheel plates 7 and the drill string are improved; if the drill string is nonmagnetic, the magnets 12 on the two wheel plates 7 attract each other, so that the wheel plates 7 are tightly clamped on the outer wall of the drill string.
The periphery of the wheel plate 7 is provided with a connecting outer ring 10 positioned in the containing cavity 4, a flexible connecting strip 1001 is connected between the wheel plate 7 and the connecting outer ring 10, the periphery of the connecting outer ring 10 is provided with a coil spring 11, the inner connecting end of the coil spring 11 is connected with the outer wall of the connecting outer ring 10, the outer connecting end of the coil spring 11 is fixedly connected on the inner wall of the body 1, in the early stage of a kick or blowout, drilling fluid impacts on the wheel plate 7 at a high speed and flows upwards through the blades 701, the wheel plate 7 rotates to drive the coil spring 11 to be gradually wound, the kinetic energy of the drilling fluid is converted into the potential energy of the coil spring 11, the drilling fluid rapidly permeates into a shaft from the bottom layer and fills the shaft, at the moment, due to the blocking of the brake plate body 3, the kinetic energy of the drilling fluid is converted into static pressure energy, the pressure of the drilling fluid is uniformly received by the pressure plate 5 and the wheel plate 7 positioned in the drilling fluid, at the moment, compared with the winding speed of the coil spring 11 under the pressure of the drilling fluid, the coil spring 11 is slowly unreeled, and potential energy stored in the coil spring is slowly released, so that the kinetic energy of the drilling fluid is reduced when the drilling fluid is impacted at a high speed, and then the kinetic energy is released under the condition that the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid is not greatly increased; the reason for using the connecting outer ring 10 and the flexible connecting strip 1001 to connect the wheel plates 7 is mainly because there are two wheel plates 7, the acting force of the coil spring 11 is uniformly transmitted to the two wheel plates 7 through the connecting outer ring 10, and the inner connecting end capable of placing the coil spring 11 can only be connected to one wheel plate 7, which can cause torsion between the two wheel plates 7 to cause dislocation.
The upper and lower surface of wheel board 7 all is equipped with sealed sand grip 9, offers on the inner wall of body 1 to be located and accomodate chamber 4 department and with the corresponding draw-in groove of sealed sand grip 9, sealed sand grip 9 is rotatory cup joints in the inside of draw-in groove, sealed sand grip 9 and the mutually supporting of draw-in groove make the leakproofness between wheel board 7 and the body 1 improve, mainly used for making the drilling fluid flow from blade 701.
Referring to fig. 1, the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the flashboard body 3 are provided with boss sealing strips, the fixed connecting rod 8 is located on one side of the boss sealing strips close to the central axis of the body 1, and due to the design, after the flashboard body 3 is closed, the flashboard body 3 and the flashboard cavity 2 are sealed, and the communicating point of the accommodating cavity 4 and the flashboard cavity 2 is in the inner ring of the boss sealing strips, so that the lower side of the flashboard body 3 is still a sealed cavity, and the leakage of drilling fluid can be avoided.
According to the principle of the scheme, when drilling fluid impacts the wheel plate 7 upwards, the wheel plate 7 rotates due to the structure of the blades 701, kinetic energy of the drilling fluid is converted into kinetic energy of rotation of the wheel plate 7, the kinetic energy of the drilling fluid is reduced by friction in the rotation process of the wheel plate 7, and a part of energy is converted into elastic potential energy of the coil spring 11 and stored; in addition because the rotation of wheel plate 7, drive connecting rod 6 and slide along the slope slide 501 of clamp plate 5 bottom, because slope slide 501 is the design of slow increase or slow reduction for the height of clamp plate 5, connecting rod 6 can promote clamp plate 5 when rotatory and reciprocate when clamp plate 5 rebound, the space increase of clamp plate 5 to wheel plate 7, can play the mesh that reduces the drilling fluid velocity of flow, when clamp plate 5 rebound, with drilling fluid antiport, thereby consume the mesh that the drilling fluid moved the ability.
The scheme has the main effects of converting and consuming the kinetic energy of the drilling fluid at the initial stage of the well kick or blowout, so that the impact of the drilling fluid on the flashboard body 3 at the initial stage is reduced, and the flashboard body 3 is protected; in general drilling equipment, various types of blowout preventers are combined, an annular blowout preventer and a rotary blowout preventer can be connected above a ram blowout preventer, referring to fig. 1, the upper end and the lower end of a ram body 3 can be respectively provided with the containing cavity 4, the pressure plate 5 and the connecting rod 6, and the wheel plate 7 assembly, when the ram blowout preventer is impacted and damaged by drilling fluid, the kinetic energy conversion process is carried out again, so that the ram blowout preventer on the upper stage can be better protected, and the kinetic energy of the drilling fluid can be converted; in addition, the rotation duration of the wheel plate 7 is related to the distance between the wheel plate 7 and the gate plate body 3, the longer the distance is, the longer the time for the drilling fluid to fill the whole shaft is, the more the energy conversion of the wheel plate 7 to the drilling fluid is, and the smaller the impact force of the drilling fluid on the gate plate body 3 finally is.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a can reduce well drilling hydraulic energy prevent blowout device, includes body (1), flashboard chamber (2) have been seted up to the inside of body (1), the inside sliding connection in flashboard chamber (2) has flashboard body (3), its characterized in that: the drilling fluid drilling device is characterized in that a containing cavity (4) communicated with the flashboard cavity (2) is formed in the body (1), a pressing plate (5), a connecting rod (6) and a wheel plate (7) are arranged in the containing cavity (4), one end of the connecting rod (6) is connected to the bottom surface of the pressing plate (5) in a sliding mode, the other end of the connecting rod (6) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the wheel plate (7), a blade (701) is arranged in the middle of the wheel plate (7), the blade (701) and the wheel plate (7) form an impeller, and when drilling fluid impacts the wheel plate (7), the drilling fluid flows on the surface of the blade (701) and drives the wheel plate (7) to rotate;
one end of a connecting rod (6) is connected to the bottom surface of the pressing plate (5) in a sliding mode, the other end of the connecting rod (6) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the wheel plate (7), a fixed connecting rod (8) capable of stretching up and down is fixedly connected between the brake plate body (3) and the pressing plate (5), the connecting rod (6) and the wheel plate (7) move synchronously in the radial direction of the body (1) through the fixed connecting rod (8) connected with the brake plate body (3) and the brake plate body (3);
the pressing plate (5), the wheel plate (7) and the brake plate body (3) are of semicircular structures, and the number of the pressing plate, the wheel plate and the brake plate body is two;
the bottom surface of clamp plate (5) is provided with slope slide (501), clamp plate (5) and slope slide (501) integrated into one piece, connecting rod (6) sliding connection is in the inside of slope slide (501), the transversal ellipse of personally submitting of slope slide (501), two clamp plate (5) butt joint back clamp plate (5) are close to the one side sliding connection of body (1) inner wall on the inner wall of body (1).
2. The blowout prevention device capable of reducing the hydraulic energy of a drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein: two the relative side of wheel board (7) all is equipped with interior sealing strip (702) and magnet (12), two magnet (12) position in wheel board (7) corresponds and inter attraction.
3. The blowout prevention device capable of reducing the hydraulic energy of a drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein: the outer periphery of the wheel plate (7) is provided with a connecting outer ring (10) located in the containing cavity (4), a flexible connecting strip (1001) is connected between the wheel plate (7) and the connecting outer ring (10), a coil spring (11) is arranged on the outer periphery of the connecting outer ring (10), an inner connecting end of the coil spring (11) is connected with the outer wall of the connecting outer ring (10), and the outer connecting end of the coil spring (11) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the body (1).
4. The blowout prevention device capable of reducing the hydraulic energy of a drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein: the upper and lower surface of wheel board (7) all is equipped with sealed sand grip (9), set up on the inner wall of body (1) and be located and accomodate chamber (4) department and with sealed sand grip (9) corresponding draw-in groove, sealed sand grip (9) rotatory cup joint is in the inside of draw-in groove.
5. The blowout prevention device capable of reducing the hydraulic energy of a drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein: the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the brake plate body (3) are provided with boss sealing strips, and the fixed connecting rod (8) is located on one side, close to the central axis of the body (1), of the boss sealing strips.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011128821.5A CN112302560B (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Blowout prevention device capable of reducing drilling fluid kinetic energy |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011128821.5A CN112302560B (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Blowout prevention device capable of reducing drilling fluid kinetic energy |
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| CN112302560A CN112302560A (en) | 2021-02-02 |
| CN112302560B true CN112302560B (en) | 2022-09-30 |
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| CN113236175A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-10 | 王德根 | Ram blowout preventer for oil exploitation |
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| JP2008002592A (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2008-01-10 | Jatco Ltd | Piston chamber oil feeding passage hole structure |
| US8555980B1 (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2013-10-15 | John Powell | Oil well blowout containment device |
| CN105507844A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-04-20 | 西安秦森科技有限公司 | Blowout preventer of wellhead of pumping well and control system of blowout preventer |
| WO2019013632A1 (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-01-17 | Itrec B.V. | Subsea drilling rig blowout preventer (bop) stack system and use of such a system in drilling subsea wells |
| CN110548368B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-06-16 | 深圳地环生态科技有限公司 | Energy-saving multiple-effect VOCs purification reactor |
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