CN112301552A - Polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber and preparation method of spun-bonded non-woven fabric thereof - Google Patents
Polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber and preparation method of spun-bonded non-woven fabric thereof Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
- D04H3/147—Composite yarns or filaments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/32—Side-by-side structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
- D04H3/007—Addition polymers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
- D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H3/011—Polyesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/018—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the shape
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of new fiber materials, and discloses a preparation method of polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber, which comprises the steps of firstly filling modified carbon nanotubes with functionalized end caps in a polyester molecular chain, and preparing a polyester compound through blending granulation; then adding the polyester compound and the polyolefin into a spun-bonding device, and generating polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber through a spinneret plate; the invention also provides a preparation method for preparing the spun-bonded non-woven fabric by adopting the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber. The method is used for preparing the high-bulkiness polyolefin/polyester double-component spunbonded non-woven fabric, the full orientation of polyester molecular chains is realized by controlling the hot air temperature and the heating time, the crimpness of the polyolefin/polyester double-component fibers is improved, the process route is shortened in the process of preparing the high-bulkiness spunbonded non-woven fabric, and the cost and the energy consumption of the product are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of new fiber materials, relates to double-component spunbonded non-woven fabric, and particularly relates to polyolefin/polyester double-component fiber and a preparation method of the spunbonded non-woven fabric.
Background
The spun-bonded non-woven fabric has short process flow, high yield and good mechanical property of products, and is widely applied to the fields of baby diapers, adult sanitary products, medical clothing, filtering materials and the like. The existing hot air non-woven fabric is prepared by mechanically crimping short fibers and penetrating the fiber web by hot air on drying equipment to heat the fiber web to realize bonding and fluffing, but the process route is long, the mechanical property of the product is poor, and the high-demand application of the product cannot be met. With the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the requirements of people on the performance of non-woven fabrics, such as softness, bulkiness, strength and adsorption performance, are higher and higher, but the existing single-component spun-bonded or melt-blown non-woven fabrics are more and more difficult to meet the requirements, and in order to meet the application requirements of the non-woven fabrics, the preparation method of the bi-component fiber non-woven fabrics is gradually applied to production. Therefore, the preparation method of the high-bulkiness bicomponent spun-bonded non-woven fabric is provided, the fiber formation and the curling are completed in one step in the preparation process, the process route is shortened, and the reduction of the product cost and the energy consumption is of great significance to technical personnel in the related field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber, which is characterized in that polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber meeting the matching property of bicomponent rheological behavior is prepared by filling modified carbon nanotubes with functionalized end caps into polyester;
another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a spunbonded nonwoven fabric, which realizes sufficient orientation release of polyester molecular chains by controlling the temperature and heating time of hot air, improves the crimp degree of polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fibers, and prepares a spunbonded nonwoven fabric with high bulkiness.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, filling end cap functionalized modified carbon nanotubes in a polyester molecular chain, and blending and granulating to obtain a polyester compound;
s2, adding the polyester compound and the polyolefin into a spun-bonding device, and generating the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber through a spinneret plate.
By way of limitation, in step S1, the end cap of the modified carbon nanotube has a long chain alkyl ester/amine modified structure, the long chain alkyl ester/amine comprising at least eight carbons; the modified carbon nano tube accounts for 0.1-2% of the mass of the polyester;
the polyester is high-gloss PET, the molecular weight is 15000-22000, and the intrinsic viscosity is 0.62-0.68 dL/g.
As a second limitation, in step S2, the mass ratio of the polyolefin to the polyester compound is 3:7 to 7: 3;
the polyolefin is high-density polyethylene, the molecular weight of the polyolefin is 40000-200000, and the melt index MI is 0.62-1.3 g/10 min.
As a third limitation, in step S2, in the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber, the orientation degree of the polyolefin is 1-10%, and the orientation degree of the polyester is 30-50%.
As a fourth limitation, the cross-section of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber is one of a side-by-side circular shape, an eccentric circular shape, a side-by-side "∞" type or a side-by-side triangular shape.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the spun-bonded non-woven fabric, which is prepared by adopting the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber and comprises the following steps:
firstly, forming a fiber web after the obtained polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber is drafted by airflow;
and secondly, heating the fiber web under hot air to ensure that different components in the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber are de-oriented under the drive of temperature to generate self-curling, and then carrying out hot roller treatment to form the bicomponent high-bulkiness spunbonded nonwoven.
In the first step, the speed of the air flow drafting is 1000-6000 m/min.
As a second limitation, in the second step, the temperature of the hot air is 70-120 ℃, and the heating time is 10-120 s;
the temperature of the hot roller is 130-150 ℃, and the processing time of the hot roller is 1-5 s.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical progress that:
(1) according to the invention, the end cap functionalized modified carbon nanotube is added into the polyester molecular chain, and the polyester molecular chain is subjected to induced orientation under the action of high-speed airflow under the condition of meeting the matching property of two-component rheological behaviors, so that the orientation degree of the polyester molecular chain is improved;
(2) in the process of preparing the spun-bonded non-woven fabric, a hot air process is added between a web forming process and a hot roller bonding process, and the full orientation release of polyester molecular chains is realized by controlling the hot air temperature and the heating time, so that the crimpness of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber is improved;
(3) the self-curling behavior of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber is obtained by utilizing the shrinkage difference caused by different disorientation degrees of polyolefin and polyester in the heat treatment process of the fiber;
(4) the preparation method of the spun-bonded non-woven fabric realizes one-step completion of the curling of the polyolefin/polyester bi-component fiber, shortens the process route and reduces the product cost and energy consumption.
The invention belongs to the field of new fiber materials, and is used for preparing high-bulkiness polyolefin/polyester double-component spunbonded nonwoven.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microscope image of the depth of field of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bicomponent high loft spunbond nonwoven prepared in accordance with example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an ultra-depth of field microscope image of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber prepared in example 2 of the present invention;
figure 4 is a bicomponent high loft spunbond nonwoven prepared in accordance with example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention by way of specific embodiments thereof.
Example 1 preparation of polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber and spunbonded nonwoven Fabric
The preparation of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber in this example comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 0.1% of modified carbon nano tubes modified by long-chain alkyl ester at the end caps into 5kg of polyester molecular chains, and putting the modified carbon nano tubes into a double-screw extruder for blending and granulation to obtain a polyester compound; wherein the screw rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 100rpm, the temperature is 265 ℃, the polyester is bright PET, the molecular weight of the polyester is 15000, and the intrinsic viscosity is 0.62 dL/g;
s2, respectively putting 5kg of polyester compound and 5kg of high-density polyethylene into two-component spun-bonded equipment, and generating polyolefin/polyester two-component fibers through a spinneret plate, wherein a nozzle die head in the spinneret plate is in a parallel circular shape, and in the step, the molecular weight of the high-density polyethylene is 80000, and the melt index MI is 1.1g/10 min.
The preparation of the spunbond nonwoven in this example included the following steps:
firstly, after the obtained polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber is drafted by high-speed airflow with the speed of 6000m/min,
enabling polyester molecular chains to be oriented, and then uniformly laying the polyester molecular chains on a net forming curtain by a swinging and lapping device to form a fiber net;
secondly, the fiber web is heated for 60 seconds through a hot air device at the hot air temperature of 80 ℃, so that different components in the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber are subjected to de-orientation under the temperature drive to cause shrinkage and self-curling;
and then, passing through a hot roller bonding device, wherein the temperature of the hot roller is 130 ℃, the processing time of the hot roller is 5s, so that the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fibers are melted, the fibers are bonded with each other, consolidated into a web, and then, after being cut and rolled by a cutting and rolling device, the spunbonded nonwoven fabric with the bicomponent high bulkiness is formed.
Fig. 1 is a microscope image of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber prepared in this example with an ultra-deep field, which is subjected to a heat treatment at 80 ℃ to form a polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber with a crimp structure, and the crimp rate is 30 pieces/inch. FIG. 2 shows a two-component high bulk spunbonded nonwoven fabric obtained by hot air treating and hot rolling the polyolefin/polyester two-component fiber obtained in this example, which was tested to have a unit mass of 35g/m2The thickness is 0.5mm, and the air permeability is 3000L/m2/s。
Example 2 preparation of polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber and spunbonded nonwoven
The preparation of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber in this example comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 0.1% of modified carbon nano tubes modified by long-chain alkyl ester at the end caps into a molecular chain of 7kg of bright PET, and putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder for blending and granulation to obtain a polyester compound; wherein the screw rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 400rpm, the temperature is 250 ℃, the molecular weight of the bright PET is 16000, and the intrinsic viscosity is 0.67 dL/g;
s2, respectively putting 7kg of polyester compound and 3kg of high-density polyethylene into a two-component spun-bonded device, and generating polyolefin/polyester two-component fiber through a spinneret plate, wherein a nozzle die head in the spinneret plate is parallel and circular, and in the step, the molecular weight of the high-density polyethylene is 100000, and the melt index MI is 0.8g/10 min.
The preparation of the spunbond nonwoven in this example included the following steps:
firstly, after the obtained polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber is drafted by high-speed airflow with the speed of 4000m/min,
enabling polyester molecular chains to be oriented, and then uniformly laying the polyester molecular chains on a net forming curtain by a swinging and lapping device to form a fiber net;
secondly, the fiber web is heated for 120 seconds through a hot air device at the hot air temperature of 70 ℃, so that different components in the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber are subjected to de-orientation under the temperature drive to cause shrinkage and self-curling;
and then passing through a hot roller bonding device, wherein the temperature of the hot roller is 150 ℃, the processing time of the hot roller is 2s, so that the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fibers are melted, the fibers are bonded with each other, consolidated into a web, and then the web is cut and rolled by a cutting and rolling device to form the bicomponent high-bulkiness spunbonded nonwoven fabric.
FIG. 3 is a microscope image of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber prepared in this example with an ultra-deep field, which is subjected to a heat treatment at 70 ℃ to form a polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber with a crimp structure, and the crimp rate is measured to be 45 pieces/inch. FIG. 4 shows a two-component high bulk spunbonded nonwoven fabric obtained by hot air treating and hot rolling the polyolefin/polyester two-component fiber obtained in this example, which was tested to have a unit mass of 15g/m2Thickness of 1.0mm and air permeability of 5000L/m2/s。
Example 3 preparation of polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber and spunbonded nonwoven
The preparation of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber in this example comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 0.8% of modified carbon nano tube modified by long-chain alkylamine at the end cap position into 3kg of polyester molecular chain, and putting the modified carbon nano tube into a double-screw extruder for blending granulation to obtain a polyester compound; wherein the screw rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 300rpm, the temperature is 255 ℃, the polyester is bright PET, the molecular weight is 22000, and the intrinsic viscosity is 0.65 dL/g;
s2, respectively putting 3kg of polyester compound and 7kg of high-density polyethylene into two-component spun-bonded equipment, and generating polyolefin/polyester two-component fibers through a spinneret plate, wherein a nozzle die head in the spinneret plate is in a parallel triangle shape, the molecular weight of the high-density polyethylene in the step is 80000, and the melt index MI is 0.62g/10 min.
The preparation of the spunbond nonwoven in this example included the following steps:
firstly, after the obtained polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber is drafted by high-speed airflow with the speed of 1000m/min,
enabling polyester molecular chains to be oriented, and then uniformly laying the polyester molecular chains on a net forming curtain by a swinging and lapping device to form a fiber net;
secondly, the fiber web is heated for 10 seconds through a hot air device at the hot air temperature of 100 ℃, so that different components in the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber are subjected to de-orientation under the temperature drive to cause shrinkage and self-curling;
and then, passing through a hot roller bonding device, wherein the temperature of the hot roller is 137 ℃, the processing time of the hot roller is 1s, so that the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fibers are melted, the fibers are bonded with each other, consolidated into a web, and then, after being slit and rolled by a slitting and rolling device, the bicomponent high-bulkiness spunbonded nonwoven fabric is formed.
The cross section of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber prepared in the embodiment is a parallel triangle, and the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber with a crimp structure is formed after heat treatment at 100 ℃, and the crimp rate is 15 per inch through testing. The unit mass of the double-component high-bulkiness spunbonded non-woven fabric obtained by subjecting the polyolefin/polyester double-component fibers obtained in the embodiment to hot air treatment and hot rolling is testedThe amount is 50g/m2The thickness is 0.8mm, and the air permeability is 2000L/m2/s。
Example 4 preparation of polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber and spunbonded nonwoven
The preparation of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber in this example comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 1.5% of modified carbon nano tubes modified by long-chain alkylamine into 6kg of polyester molecular chains, and putting the modified carbon nano tubes into a double-screw extruder for blending granulation to obtain a polyester compound; wherein the screw rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 350rpm, the temperature is 260 ℃, the polyester is bright PET, the molecular weight is 18000, and the intrinsic viscosity is 0.62 dL/g;
s2, putting 6kg of polyester compound and 4kg of high-density polyethylene into a two-component spun-bonded device respectively, and generating polyolefin/polyester two-component fibers through a spinneret plate, wherein a nozzle die head in the spinneret plate is eccentric and circular, and in the step, the molecular weight of the high-density polyethylene is 150000, and the melt index MI is 1.0g/10 min.
The preparation of the spunbond nonwoven in this example included the following steps:
firstly, after the obtained polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber is drafted by high-speed airflow with the speed of 5500m/min,
enabling polyester molecular chains to be oriented, and then uniformly laying the polyester molecular chains on a net forming curtain by a swinging and lapping device to form a fiber net;
secondly, the fiber web is heated for 100 seconds through a hot air device at the hot air temperature of 95 ℃, so that different components in the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber are subjected to de-orientation under the temperature drive to cause shrinkage and self-curling;
and then, the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fibers are melted through a hot roller bonding device, wherein the temperature of the hot roller is 145 ℃, the processing time of the hot roller is 3s, the fibers are bonded with each other, the fibers are solidified into a web, and the web is cut and rolled through a cutting and rolling device to form the bicomponent high-bulkiness spunbonded nonwoven fabric.
Wherein, the cross section of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber prepared in the embodiment is eccentric and round, after the heat treatment at 95 ℃,a polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber having a crimp structure was formed and tested to have a crimp rate of 35 per inch. The unit mass of the double-component high-bulkiness spunbonded non-woven fabric obtained by subjecting the polyolefin/polyester double-component fibers obtained in the embodiment to hot air treatment and hot rolling is tested to be 35g/m2The thickness is 0.5mm, and the air permeability is 3500L/m2/s。
Example 5 preparation of polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber and spunbonded nonwoven
The preparation of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber in this example comprises the following steps:
s1, adding a modified carbon nanotube modified by long-chain alkyl ester at 2% of end caps into 4kg of polyester molecular chains, and putting the modified carbon nanotube into a double-screw extruder for blending granulation to obtain a polyester compound; wherein the screw rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 260rpm, the temperature is 276 ℃, the polyester is bright PET, the molecular weight is 20000, and the intrinsic viscosity is 0.68 dL/g;
s2, respectively putting 4kg of polyester compound and 6kg of high-density polyethylene into a two-component spun-bonded device, and generating polyolefin/polyester two-component fibers through a spinneret plate, wherein a nozzle die head in the spinneret plate is eccentric and circular, wherein in the step, the molecular weight of the high-density polyethylene is 200000, and the melt index MI is 0.9g/10 min.
The preparation of the spunbond nonwoven in this example included the following steps:
firstly, after the obtained polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber is drafted by high-speed airflow with the speed of 3000m/min,
enabling polyester molecular chains to be oriented, and then uniformly laying the polyester molecular chains on a net forming curtain by a swinging and lapping device to form a fiber net;
secondly, the fiber web is heated for 78 seconds through a hot air device at the temperature of 120 ℃ to ensure that different components in the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber are de-oriented under the drive of temperature to cause shrinkage and self-curling;
and then, the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fibers are melted through a hot roller bonding device, wherein the temperature of the hot roller is 140 ℃, the processing time of the hot roller is 4s, the fibers are bonded with each other, the fibers are solidified into a web, and the web is cut and rolled through a cutting and rolling device to form the bicomponent high-bulkiness spunbonded nonwoven fabric.
The cross section of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber prepared in this example is eccentric and circular, and after the heat treatment at 120 ℃, the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber with a crimp structure is formed, and the crimp rate is tested to be 25 pieces/inch. The unit mass of the double-component high-bulkiness spunbonded non-woven fabric obtained by subjecting the polyolefin/polyester double-component fibers obtained in the embodiment to hot air treatment and hot rolling is tested to be 70g/m2The thickness is 1.0mm, and the air permeability is 2500L/m2/s。
Example 6 preparation of polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber and spunbonded nonwoven
The preparation of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber in this example comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 0.5% of modified carbon nano tubes modified by long-chain alkylamine into 7kg of polyester molecular chains, and putting the modified carbon nano tubes into a double-screw extruder for blending granulation to obtain a polyester compound; wherein the screw rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 280rpm, and the temperature is 270 ℃; the polyester is high-gloss PET, the molecular weight of the polyester is 15000, and the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester is 0.66 dL/g;
s2, respectively putting 7kg of polyester compound and 6kg of high-density polyethylene into a two-component spun-bonding device, and generating polyolefin/polyester two-component fibers through a spinneret plate, wherein a nozzle die head in the spinneret plate is of a parallel infinity type, the molecular weight of the high-density polyethylene in the step is 40000, and the melt index MI is 1.3g/10 min.
The preparation of the spunbond nonwoven in this example included the following steps:
firstly, after the obtained polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber is drafted by high-speed airflow with the speed of 2500m/min,
enabling polyester molecular chains to be oriented, and then uniformly laying the polyester molecular chains on a net forming curtain by a swinging and lapping device to form a fiber net;
secondly, the fiber web is heated for 40 seconds through a hot air device at the hot air temperature of 108 ℃, so that different components in the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber are subjected to de-orientation under the temperature drive to cause shrinkage and self-curling;
and then, the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fibers are melted through a hot roll bonding device, wherein the temperature of the hot roll is 134 ℃, the processing time of the hot roll is 3s, the fibers are bonded with each other, the fibers are solidified into a web, and the web is cut and rolled through a cutting and rolling device to form the bicomponent high-bulkiness spunbonded nonwoven fabric.
The cross section of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber prepared in the embodiment is parallel "∞" type, and after the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber is subjected to heat treatment at 108 ℃, the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber with a crimp structure is formed, and the crimp rate is tested to be 20 pieces/inch. The unit mass of the double-component high-bulkiness spunbonded non-woven fabric obtained by subjecting the polyolefin/polyester double-component fiber obtained in the embodiment to hot air treatment and hot rolling is tested to be 40g/m2Thickness of 1.2mm and air permeability of 2000L/m2/s。
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, filling end cap functionalized modified carbon nanotubes in a polyester molecular chain, and blending and granulating to obtain a polyester compound;
s2, adding the polyester compound and the polyolefin into a spun-bonding device, and generating the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber through a spinneret plate.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S1, the end caps of the modified carbon nanotubes have a modified structure of long chain alkyl ester/amine, and the long chain alkyl ester/amine comprises at least eight carbons; the modified carbon nano tube accounts for 0.1-2% of the mass of the polyester;
the polyester is high-gloss PET, the molecular weight is 15000-22000, and the intrinsic viscosity is 0.62-0.68 dL/g.
3. The method of preparing polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the mass ratio of the polyolefin to the polyester compound is 3:7 to 7: 3;
the polyolefin is high-density polyethylene, the molecular weight of the polyolefin is 40000-200000, and the melt index MI is 0.62-1.3 g/10 min.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S2, the orientation degree of the polyolefin is 1-10% and the orientation degree of the polyester is 30-50%.
5. The method for preparing polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber as claimed in claim 4, wherein the cross section of the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber is one of a side-by-side circular shape, an eccentric circular shape, a side-by-side "∞" type or a side-by-side triangular shape.
6. A preparation method of a spun-bonded non-woven fabric, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the spun-bonded non-woven fabric is prepared by using the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber of any one of claims 1 to 5, and comprises the following steps:
firstly, forming a fiber web after the obtained polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber is drafted by airflow;
and secondly, heating the fiber web under hot air to ensure that different components in the polyolefin/polyester bicomponent fiber are de-oriented under the drive of temperature to generate self-curling, and then carrying out hot roller treatment to form the bicomponent high-bulkiness spunbonded nonwoven.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the air drafting speed in the first step is 1000-6000 m/min.
8. The method for preparing the spunbonded nonwoven fabric according to claim 6, wherein in the second step, the hot air temperature is 70-120 ℃, and the heating time is 10-120 s;
the temperature of the hot roller is 130-150 ℃, and the processing time of the hot roller is 1-5 s.
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