CN112296595A - Cutter head repairing technology - Google Patents
Cutter head repairing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN112296595A CN112296595A CN202011259262.1A CN202011259262A CN112296595A CN 112296595 A CN112296595 A CN 112296595A CN 202011259262 A CN202011259262 A CN 202011259262A CN 112296595 A CN112296595 A CN 112296595A
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- layer
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- carrying
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003781 tooth socket Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P6/00—Restoring or reconditioning objects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
- B23K26/342—Build-up welding
Abstract
The invention discloses a cutter head repairing technology, which comprises the steps of repairing a central cutter head and a combined cutter frame and repairing a hob 3 and a stabilizing block 5, and comprises the following steps: carrying out re-processing on the deformation and cracks on the central cutter head and the combined cutter frame by a pretreatment, repair welding or shaping method; the method comprises the steps of carrying out nondestructive detection on a hob and a stabilizing block, carrying out pretreatment, then carrying out integral preheating at 80-120 ℃, carrying out integral removal and replacement on alloy teeth with the wear degree of more than 80%, carrying out local preheating at 180-220 ℃ on alloy teeth with the corresponding wear degree of more than 50%, carrying out integral removal and replacement, and carrying out tungsten carbide material welding on the alloy teeth with the wear degree of less than 50%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cutter repairing, in particular to a cutter repairing technology.
Background
The raise boring machine is a shaft excavation mechanical device which utilizes rotary drilling to break rock and form a hole and can reversely ream, the raise boring machine has an important function in the mining field, along with the current requirements on resources, the mining industry is continuously developed and expanded, the mining difficulty of underground resources is larger, therefore, related mechanical devices are manufactured, along with the industrial progress and the continuous innovation of the technology, the application range of the raise boring machine is continuously expanded, therefore, the requirements on the boring machine are more and more strict, and the higher requirements of people on the performance can be met only by continuous improvement.
A cutter head for a modern raise boring machine belongs to underground mining equipment, the cutter head and a hob are used as main consumption parts of the raise boring machine, repairing and remanufacturing of the cutter head are very important, a drill rod is broken and falls down from high altitude to cause deformation during working, the use of the cutter head is further influenced, local parts need to be repaired, the utilization rate of products is improved, and the service life is prolonged. Therefore, the present invention provides a cutter repairing technology to solve the problems in the background art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cutter repairing technology to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a cutter head repairing technology for repairing a central cutter head and a combined cutter frame and repairing a hob 3 and a stabilizing block 5 comprises the following steps:
s1: the method comprises the steps of carrying out nondestructive testing on a combined tool rest of deformation and cracking gaps to determine the damaged part and the crack trend of a metal structural part containing tiny cracks, carrying out surface inspection or magnetic powder inspection on the cracks and the dark damages of the metal structural part, replacing the whole combined tool rest with the defect part larger than 50% of the whole, and carrying out re-processing on deformation and cracks on a central cutter head and the combined tool rest with the defect part smaller than 50% of the whole by a pretreatment, repair welding or shaping method.
S2: nondestructive testing is carried out on the hob and the stabilizing block to determine the damaged part and the crack trend of the metal structural part containing the tiny cracks, after surface inspection or magnetic powder inspection for crack defects and hidden damages of the metal structural part, pretreatment is carried out, then integral preheating at 80-120 ℃ is carried out, integral dismantling and replacing are carried out on the metal structural part with the abrasion degree of more than 80%, integral dismantling is carried out after local preheating at 180-220 ℃ is carried out on alloy teeth with the corresponding abrasion degree of more than 50%, the alloy teeth are replaced to ensure the stabilizing effect, and the alloy teeth with the abrasion degree of less than 50% are welded by adopting tungsten carbide materials to play a role of abrasion resistance;
s3: the abrasion of the bearing slideway and the shaft in the hob is realized by carrying out surface treatment on the abrasion surface and regrinding to reach the assembly size.
S4: and polishing, surface treatment, cleaning and drying the surfaces of the welded hob, the welded stabilizing block, the central cutterhead and the combined tool rest to enable the surfaces to reach the assembly size, so that the repaired hob and the repaired stabilizing block have the same service life as the new hob.
As a further scheme of the invention, the pretreatment is to remove dust, oil stain and rust on the surface and clean the surface by using acetone; detecting the size of each part, determining the failure part and the abrasion loss thereof, determining the deformation amount, removing the fatigue layer of the failure part by 0.5 mm-2 mm, and cleaning.
As a further scheme of the invention, the surface treatment specifically comprises the steps of dipping the welded hob, the stabilizing block, the central cutterhead and the combined tool rest into chromium-containing electrolyte at the temperature of 55-65 ℃, introducing current with the current density of 20-50A/dm 2 into the chromium-containing electrolyte, and electroplating for 80-120min to form a hard chromium layer with the thickness of 40-80 mu m, so as to obtain a wear-resistant coating and improve the wear resistance of the wear-resistant coating.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the welding mode of the alloy tooth is laser fusing, which includes the following steps:
s1, molding the ceramic mold on the part needing to be repaired, and partially coating the ceramic mold to ensure that the internal dimension of the mold conforms to the assembly dimension;
s2: performing layer-by-layer laser cladding by adopting a preset powder feeding mode, starting laser cladding from the lowest point in the tooth socket, wherein the thickness of each layer of cladding layer is less than or equal to 0.35mm, the later layer of cladding layer covers the former layer of cladding layer, and the edge of the later layer of cladding layer extends outwards by 1-4 mm from the edge of the former layer of cladding layer;
and S3, after welding, cooling to below 30 ℃, impacting and destroying the ceramic die, and after the alloy teeth are detected to be qualified, mounting.
As a further scheme of the invention, the laser cladding uses a rapid transverse flow carbon dioxide laser as a light source to carry out continuous lap scanning; the laser power is 1.8-2.0KW, the elevation is 260 mm-280 mm, the spot size is 5mm multiplied by 1.5mm, the scanning speed is 110 mm/min-130 mm/min, the lap joint quantity is 6.5mm, and the powder feeding quantity is 10 g/min-14 g/min.
As a further scheme of the present invention, the tungsten carbide powder comprises the following components by weight: c is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, Cr: 38% -52%, B: 1.5% -2.5%, Si: 0.5% -1.5%, WC: 43-47% and the balance Fe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention repairs the damaged part of the cutter head step by step, so that the repaired part has the same service life as the newly replaced part, the utilization rate of the product is improved, and the service life is prolonged.
2. The laser surfacing welding blade is used for surfacing welding the worn part by adopting the tungsten carbide composite alloy powder, and the laser surfacing welding layer has good hardness and toughness.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined tool rest in a tool pan repairing technology.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hob in a cutter disc repairing technology.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a hob repairing process in a cutter repairing technology.
In the figure: 1. a central cutter head; 2. a combined tool rest; 3. hobbing cutters; 4. alloy teeth; 5. a stabilizing block; 6. a shaft; 7. a bearing runner.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a cutter repairing technology includes repairing a center cutter 1 and a combined cutter holder 2, and includes the following steps:
s1: the damage position and the crack trend of the metal structural part containing the tiny cracks are determined by carrying out nondestructive testing on the combined tool rest 2 of the deformation and cracking gaps, the surface inspection or the magnetic powder inspection is carried out on the crack defects and the dark damages of the metal structural part, the combined tool rest 2 with the defect part larger than 50 percent of the whole body is integrally replaced, and the deformation and the cracks on the central cutter head 1 and the combined tool rest 2 with the defect part smaller than 50 percent of the whole body are re-processed by a method of pretreatment, repair welding or shaping.
S2: and polishing, surface treatment, cleaning and drying the surfaces of the welded central cutter head 1 and the combined cutter frame 2 to enable the surfaces to reach the assembly size, so that the repaired hob 3 and the repaired stabilizing block 5 have the same service life as the new hob.
Wherein the pretreatment is to remove dust, oil stain and rust on the surface and clean the surface by using acetone; detecting the size of each part, determining the failure part and the abrasion loss thereof, determining the deformation amount, removing the fatigue layer of the failure part by 0.5 mm-2 mm, and cleaning.
The surface treatment specifically comprises the steps of dipping the welded hob 3, the stabilizing block 5, the central cutterhead 1 and the combined tool rest 2 into chromium-containing electrolyte at the temperature of 55-65 ℃, introducing current with the current density of 20-50A/dm 2 into the chromium-containing electrolyte, and electroplating for 80-120min to form a hard chromium layer with the thickness of 40-80 mu m, so as to obtain a wear-resistant coating and improve the wear resistance of the wear-resistant coating.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, a cutter head repairing technology includes repairing a hob 3, including the following steps:
s1, carrying out nondestructive testing on the hob 3 to determine the damaged part and the crack trend of the metal structural part containing the tiny cracks, carrying out surface inspection or magnetic powder inspection on the metal structural part after crack defects and hidden damages are caused, carrying out pretreatment, then carrying out integral preheating at 80-120 ℃, carrying out integral dismantling and replacement on the metal structural part with the wear degree of more than 80%, carrying out integral dismantling after local preheating at 180-220 ℃ on alloy teeth with the corresponding wear degree of more than 50%, replacing the alloy teeth to ensure the stability of the alloy teeth, and welding the alloy teeth with the wear degree of less than 50% by adopting a tungsten carbide material to play a wear-resistant role;
s2: the wear of the roller cutter 3 inner bearing runner 7 and shaft 6 is brought to the fitting size by surface treatment of the wear surfaces and regrinding.
S3: and polishing, surface treatment, cleaning and drying the surface of the welded hob 3 to enable the surface to reach the assembly size, so that the repaired hob 3 has the same service life as the new hob.
Wherein the pretreatment is to remove dust, oil stain and rust on the surface and clean the surface by using acetone; detecting the size of each part, determining the failure part and the abrasion loss thereof, determining the deformation amount, removing the fatigue layer of the failure part by 0.5 mm-2 mm, and cleaning.
The surface treatment specifically comprises the steps of dipping the welded hob 3 into chromium-containing electrolyte with the temperature of 55-65 ℃, introducing current with the current density of 20-50A/dm 2 into the chromium-containing electrolyte, and electroplating for 80-120min to form a hard chromium layer with the thickness of 40-80 mu m, so as to obtain a wear-resistant coating and improve the wear resistance of the wear-resistant coating.
The welding mode of the alloy tooth is laser melting, and the welding method comprises the following operation steps:
s1, molding the ceramic mold on the part needing to be repaired, and partially coating the ceramic mold to ensure that the internal dimension of the mold conforms to the assembly dimension;
s2: performing layer-by-layer laser cladding by adopting a preset powder feeding mode, starting laser cladding from the lowest point in the tooth socket, wherein the thickness of each layer of cladding layer is less than or equal to 0.35mm, the later layer of cladding layer covers the former layer of cladding layer, and the edge of the later layer of cladding layer extends outwards by 1-4 mm from the edge of the former layer of cladding layer;
and S3, after welding, cooling to below 30 ℃, impacting and destroying the ceramic die, and after the alloy teeth are detected to be qualified, mounting.
The laser cladding uses a rapid transverse flow carbon dioxide laser as a light source to carry out continuous lap scanning; the laser power is 1.8-2.0KW, the elevation is 260 mm-280 mm, the spot size is 5mm multiplied by 1.5mm, the scanning speed is 110 mm/min-130 mm/min, the lap joint quantity is 6.5mm, and the powder feeding quantity is 10 g/min-14 g/min;
the tungsten carbide powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, Cr: 38% -52%, B: 1.5% -2.5%, Si: 0.5% -1.5%, WC: 43-47% of Fe and the balance of Fe;
EXAMPLE III
In the embodiment of the invention, a cutter repairing technology comprises the step of repairing a stabilizing block 5, and comprises the following steps:
s1, performing nondestructive testing on the stabilizing block 5 to determine the damaged part and the crack trend of the metal structural part containing the tiny cracks, performing surface inspection or magnetic powder inspection on the damaged part and the crack defect of the metal structural part, performing pretreatment, then performing integral preheating at 80-120 ℃, performing integral dismantling and replacement on the metal structural part with the wear degree of more than 80%, performing local preheating at 180-220 ℃ on alloy teeth with the corresponding wear degree of more than 50%, then performing integral dismantling, replacing the alloy teeth to ensure the stabilizing effect, and welding the alloy teeth with the wear degree of less than 50% by adopting a tungsten carbide material to play a wear-resisting role;
s2: and polishing, surface treatment, cleaning and drying the surface of the welded stable block 5 to enable the surface to reach the assembly size, so that the repaired stable block 5 has the same service life as the new hob.
Wherein the pretreatment is to remove dust, oil stain and rust on the surface and clean the surface by using acetone; detecting the size of each part, determining the failure part and the abrasion loss thereof, determining the deformation amount, removing the fatigue layer of the failure part by 0.8 mm-2 mm, and cleaning.
The surface treatment specifically comprises the steps of dipping the welded stabilizing block 5 into chromium-containing electrolyte with the temperature of 55-65 ℃, introducing current with the current density of 20-50A/dm 2 into the chromium-containing electrolyte, and electroplating for 80-100min to form a hard chromium layer with the thickness of 40-60 mu m, so as to obtain a wear-resistant coating and improve the wear resistance of the coating.
The welding mode of the alloy tooth is laser melting, and the welding method comprises the following operation steps:
s1, molding the ceramic mold on the part needing to be repaired, and partially coating the ceramic mold to ensure that the internal dimension of the mold conforms to the assembly dimension;
s2: performing layer-by-layer laser cladding by adopting a preset powder feeding mode, starting laser cladding from the lowest point in the tooth socket, wherein the thickness of each layer of cladding layer is less than or equal to 0.35mm, the later layer of cladding layer covers the former layer of cladding layer, and the edge of the later layer of cladding layer extends outwards by 1-4 mm from the edge of the former layer of cladding layer;
and S3, after welding, cooling to below 30 ℃, impacting and destroying the ceramic die, and after the alloy teeth are detected to be qualified, mounting.
The laser cladding uses a rapid transverse flow carbon dioxide laser as a light source to carry out continuous lap scanning; the laser power is 1.8-2.0KW, the elevation is 260 mm-280 mm, the spot size is 5mm multiplied by 1.5mm, the scanning speed is 110 mm/min-130 mm/min, the lap joint quantity is 6.5mm, and the powder feeding quantity is 10 g/min-14 g/min;
the tungsten carbide powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, Cr: 38% -52%, B: 1.5% -2.5%, Si: 0.5% -1.5%, WC: 43-47% of Fe and the balance of Fe;
the above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A cutter head repairing technology comprises the steps of repairing a central cutter head and a combined cutter frame and repairing a hob 3 and a stabilizing block 5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: carrying out nondestructive testing on the combined tool rest of the deformation and cracking gap to determine the damaged part and the crack trend of the metal structural part containing the tiny crack, carrying out surface inspection or magnetic powder inspection on the crack defect and the dark damage of the metal structural part, integrally replacing the combined tool rest with the defect part being more than 50% of the whole body, and carrying out re-processing on the deformation and the crack on the central cutter head and the combined tool rest with the defect part being less than 50% of the whole body by a pretreatment, repair welding or shaping method;
s2: nondestructive testing is carried out on the hob and the stabilizing block to determine the damaged part and the crack trend of the metal structural part containing the tiny cracks, after surface inspection or magnetic powder inspection for crack defects and hidden damages of the metal structural part, pretreatment is carried out, then integral preheating at 80-120 ℃ is carried out, integral dismantling and replacing are carried out on the metal structural part with the abrasion degree of more than 80%, integral dismantling is carried out after local preheating at 180-220 ℃ is carried out on alloy teeth with the corresponding abrasion degree of more than 50%, the alloy teeth are replaced to ensure the stabilizing effect, and the alloy teeth with the abrasion degree of less than 50% are welded by adopting tungsten carbide materials to play a role of abrasion resistance;
s3: the abrasion of a bearing slideway and a shaft in the hob is realized by carrying out surface treatment on the abrasion surface and grinding again to reach the assembly size;
s4: and polishing, surface treatment, cleaning and drying the surfaces of the welded hob, the welded stabilizing block, the central cutterhead and the combined tool rest to enable the surfaces to reach the assembly size, so that the repaired hob and the repaired stabilizing block have the same service life as the new hob.
2. The cutter head repairing technology according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment is to remove dust, oil stain and rust on the surface and clean the surface with acetone; detecting the size of each part, determining the failure part and the abrasion loss thereof, determining the deformation amount, removing the fatigue layer of the failure part by 0.5 mm-2 mm, and cleaning.
3. The cutter repairing technology of claim 1, wherein the surface treatment is to dip the welded hob, the stabilizing block, the central cutter and the combined cutter holder into a chromium-containing electrolyte at a temperature of 55-65 ℃, and to apply a current with a current density of 20-50A/dm 2 to the chromium-containing electrolyte for 80-120min to form a hard chromium layer with a thickness of 40-80 μm, thereby obtaining the wear-resistant coating.
4. The cutter head repairing technology of claim 1, wherein the welding mode of the alloy tooth is laser fusion, and the method comprises the following operation steps:
s1, molding the ceramic mold on the part needing to be repaired, and partially coating the ceramic mold to ensure that the internal dimension of the mold conforms to the assembly dimension;
s2: performing layer-by-layer laser cladding by adopting a preset powder feeding mode, starting laser cladding from the lowest point in the tooth socket, wherein the thickness of each layer of cladding layer is less than or equal to 0.35mm, the later layer of cladding layer covers the former layer of cladding layer, and the edge of the later layer of cladding layer extends outwards by 1-4 mm from the edge of the former layer of cladding layer;
and S3, after welding, cooling to below 30 ℃, impacting and destroying the ceramic die, and after the alloy teeth are detected to be qualified, mounting.
5. The cutter head repairing technology according to claim 1, wherein the laser cladding is to perform continuous lap scanning by using a fast transverse flow carbon dioxide laser as a light source; the laser power is 1.8-2.0KW, the elevation is 260 mm-280 mm, the spot size is 5mm multiplied by 1.5mm, the scanning speed is 110 mm/min-130 mm/min, the lap joint quantity is 6.5mm, and the powder feeding quantity is 10 g/min-14 g/min.
6. The cutter head repairing technology of claim 1, wherein the tungsten carbide powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, Cr: 38% -52%, B: 1.5% -2.5%, Si: 0.5% -1.5%, WC: 43-47% and the balance Fe.
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